Taking forward a ‘One Health’ approach for turning the tide against the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus and other zoonotic pathogens with epidemic potential
Identifieur interne : 000991 ( Pmc/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000990; suivant : 000992Taking forward a ‘One Health’ approach for turning the tide against the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus and other zoonotic pathogens with epidemic potential
Auteurs : Alimuddin Zumla [Royaume-Uni] ; Osman Dar [Royaume-Uni] ; Richard Kock [Royaume-Uni] ; Matthew Muturi [Kenya] ; Francine Ntoumi [Allemagne] ; Pontiano Kaleebu [Ouganda] ; Macete Eusebio [Mozambique] ; Sayoki Mfinanga [Tanzanie] ; Matthew Bates [Zambie] ; Peter Mwaba [Zambie] ; Rashid Ansumana [Sierra Leone] ; Mishal Khan [Royaume-Uni, Singapour] ; Abdulaziz N. Alagaili [Arabie saoudite] ; Matthew Cotten [Royaume-Uni] ; Esam I. Azhar [Arabie saoudite] ; Markus Maeurer [Suède] ; Giuseppe Ippolito [Italie] ; Eskild Petersen [Danemark, Oman]Source :
- International Journal of Infectious Diseases [ 1201-9712 ] ; 2016.
Abstract
The appearance, disappearance, and re-emergence of pathogens of humans with epidemic potential and high mortality rates have threatened global health security for centuries. Global public health authorities should have been better prepared for the recent Ebola virus disease (EVD) epidemic in West Africa. The current Zika virus outbreak is diverting the attention of public authorities and governments from other important infectious diseases that continue to threaten global public health security; one such disease lurking in the background is the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS). The emergence of the MERS coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in 2012 was the second time (after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)) that a new coronavirus, highly pathogenic for humans, emerged in the 21st century. Whilst most MERS cases have been reported from the Middle East, MERS cases have been reported from 27 countries in all continents. MERS-CoV has been found in camel populations of Eastern Africa and the Middle East, and with millions of pilgrims visiting Saudi Arabia and returning home every year, the movement of MERS-CoV to new locations presents a real threat to global health security. With animal, human, and environmental factors playing a critical role in its evolution, MERS-CoV represents a classical zoonosis. A serious and more collaborative and coordinated MERS-CoV response plan is required to better define MERS-CoV epidemiology, transmission dynamics, molecular evolution, optimal treatment and prevention measures, and development of vaccines for humans and camels. The ‘One Health’ concept focuses on the relationship and interconnectedness between humans, animals, and the environment, and recognizes that the health and wellbeing of humans is intimately connected to the health of animals and their environment (and vice versa). A ‘One Health’ approach is ideally suited to the MERS-CoV situation and requires close cooperation between those who provide human health, animal health, and promote environmental and ecosystems health. Critical to the establishment of a ‘One Health’ platform is the creation of a multidisciplinary team with a range of expertise to learn more about zoonotic spread between animals, humans, and the environment, and to monitor, respond to, and prevent major outbreaks conductive sociopolitical and economic framework for action. The persistence of MERS-CoV 4 years since its first discovery has created major opportunities for Saudi Arabia or one of the other Middle Eastern countries to take leadership of the ‘One Health’ approach to tackling new emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases with epidemic potential in their region. Parallel initiatives across Africa and the tropics could be harmonized to create regional networks that can serve as a repository for expert ‘One Health’ advice on safe and sustainable agricultural systems, especially for livestock, in support of human development.
Url:
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2016.06.012
PubMed: 27321961
PubMed Central: 7128966
Affiliations:
- Allemagne, Arabie saoudite, Danemark, Italie, Kenya, Mozambique, Oman, Ouganda, Royaume-Uni, Sierra Leone, Singapour, Suède, Tanzanie, Zambie
- Angleterre, Bade-Wurtemberg, District de Tübingen, Grand Londres, Latium, Svealand
- Londres, Rome, Stockholm, Tübingen
- Université nationale de Singapour
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PMC:7128966Le document en format XML
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<wicri:regionArea>The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Cambridge</wicri:regionArea>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Azhar, Esam I" sort="Azhar, Esam I" uniqKey="Azhar E" first="Esam I." last="Azhar">Esam I. Azhar</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0080">Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Centre, and Medical Laboratory Technology Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Centre, and Medical Laboratory Technology Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Maeurer, Markus" sort="Maeurer, Markus" uniqKey="Maeurer M" first="Markus" last="Maeurer">Markus Maeurer</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff0085">Division of Therapeutic Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Division of Therapeutic Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Stockholm</settlement>
<region nuts="2">Svealand</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ippolito, Giuseppe" sort="Ippolito, Giuseppe" uniqKey="Ippolito G" first="Giuseppe" last="Ippolito">Giuseppe Ippolito</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff0090">“Lazzaro Spallanzani” National Institute for Infectious Diseases – IRCCS, Rome, Italy</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>“Lazzaro Spallanzani” National Institute for Infectious Diseases – IRCCS, Rome</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Rome</settlement>
<region nuts="2">Latium</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Petersen, Eskild" sort="Petersen, Eskild" uniqKey="Petersen E" first="Eskild" last="Petersen">Eskild Petersen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0095">University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country>
<wicri:regionArea>University of Aarhus, Aarhus</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Aarhus</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0100">The Royal Hospital, Muscat, Oman</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Oman</country>
<wicri:regionArea>The Royal Hospital, Muscat</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Muscat</wicri:noRegion>
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</analytic>
<series><title level="j">International Journal of Infectious Diseases</title>
<idno type="ISSN">1201-9712</idno>
<idno type="eISSN">1878-3511</idno>
<imprint><date when="2016">2016</date>
</imprint>
</series>
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</profileDesc>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><title>Highlights</title>
<p><list list-type="simple" id="lis0005"><list-item id="lsti0005"><label>•</label>
<p id="par0005">The appearance, disappearance, and re-emergence of pathogens of humans with epidemic potential and high mortality rates have threatened global health security for centuries.</p>
</list-item>
<list-item id="lsti0010"><label>•</label>
<p id="par0010">Global public health authorities should have been better prepared for the recent Ebola virus disease (EVD) epidemic in West Africa.</p>
</list-item>
<list-item id="lsti0015"><label>•</label>
<p id="par0015">The current Zika virus outbreak is diverting the attention of public authorities and governments from other important infectious diseases that continue to threaten global public health security; one such disease lurking in the background is the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS).</p>
</list-item>
<list-item id="lsti0020"><label>•</label>
<p id="par0020">The emergence of the MERS coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in 2012 was the second time (after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)) that a new coronavirus, highly pathogenic for humans, emerged in the 21<sup>st</sup>
century. Whilst most MERS cases have been reported from the Middle East, MERS cases have been reported from 27 countries in all continents.</p>
</list-item>
<list-item id="lsti0025"><label>•</label>
<p id="par0025">MERS-CoV has been found in camel populations of Eastern Africa and the Middle East, and with millions of pilgrims visiting Saudi Arabia and returning home every year, the movement of MERS-CoV to new locations presents a real threat to global health security.</p>
</list-item>
<list-item id="lsti0030"><label>•</label>
<p id="par0030">With animal, human, and environmental factors playing a critical role in its evolution, MERS-CoV represents a classical zoonosis.</p>
</list-item>
<list-item id="lsti0040"><label>•</label>
<p id="par0040">A serious and more collaborative and coordinated MERS-CoV response plan is required to better define MERS-CoV epidemiology, transmission dynamics, molecular evolution, optimal treatment and prevention measures, and development of vaccines for humans and camels.</p>
</list-item>
<list-item id="lsti0045"><label>•</label>
<p id="par0045">The ‘One Health’ concept focuses on the relationship and interconnectedness between humans, animals, and the environment, and recognizes that the health and wellbeing of humans is intimately connected to the health of animals and their environment (and vice versa).</p>
</list-item>
<list-item id="lsti0050"><label>•</label>
<p id="par0050">A ‘One Health’ approach is ideally suited to the MERS-CoV situation and requires close cooperation between those who provide human health, animal health, and promote environmental and ecosystems health.</p>
</list-item>
<list-item id="lsti0055"><label>•</label>
<p id="par0055">Critical to the establishment of a ‘One Health’ platform is the creation of a multidisciplinary team with a range of expertise to learn more about zoonotic spread between animals, humans, and the environment, and to monitor, respond to, and prevent major outbreaks conductive sociopolitical and economic framework for action.</p>
</list-item>
<list-item id="lsti0060"><label>•</label>
<p id="par0060">The persistence of MERS-CoV 4 years since its first discovery has created major opportunities for Saudi Arabia or one of the other Middle Eastern countries to take leadership of the ‘One Health’ approach to tackling new emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases with epidemic potential in their region.</p>
</list-item>
<list-item id="lsti0065"><label>•</label>
<p id="par0065">Parallel initiatives across Africa and the tropics could be harmonized to create regional networks that can serve as a repository for expert ‘One Health’ advice on safe and sustainable agricultural systems, especially for livestock, in support of human development.</p>
</list-item>
</list>
</p>
</div>
</front>
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<pmc article-type="editorial"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Int J Infect Dis</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Int. J. Infect. Dis</journal-id>
<journal-title-group><journal-title>International Journal of Infectious Diseases</journal-title>
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<issn pub-type="ppub">1201-9712</issn>
<issn pub-type="epub">1878-3511</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of International Society for Infectious Diseases.</publisher-name>
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</journal-meta>
<article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">27321961</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">7128966</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">S1201-9712(16)31096-7</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.ijid.2016.06.012</article-id>
<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Article</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group><article-title>Taking forward a ‘One Health’ approach for turning the tide against the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus and other zoonotic pathogens with epidemic potential</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0005"><name><surname>Zumla</surname>
<given-names>Alimuddin</given-names>
</name>
<xref rid="aff0005" ref-type="aff">a</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0010"><name><surname>Dar</surname>
<given-names>Osman</given-names>
</name>
<xref rid="aff0010" ref-type="aff">b</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0015"><name><surname>Kock</surname>
<given-names>Richard</given-names>
</name>
<xref rid="aff0015" ref-type="aff">c</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0020"><name><surname>Muturi</surname>
<given-names>Matthew</given-names>
</name>
<xref rid="aff0020" ref-type="aff">d</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0025"><name><surname>Ntoumi</surname>
<given-names>Francine</given-names>
</name>
<xref rid="aff0025" ref-type="aff">e</xref>
<xref rid="aff0030" ref-type="aff">f</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0030"><name><surname>Kaleebu</surname>
<given-names>Pontiano</given-names>
</name>
<xref rid="aff0035" ref-type="aff">g</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0035"><name><surname>Eusebio</surname>
<given-names>Macete</given-names>
</name>
<xref rid="aff0040" ref-type="aff">h</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0040"><name><surname>Mfinanga</surname>
<given-names>Sayoki</given-names>
</name>
<xref rid="aff0045" ref-type="aff">i</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0045"><name><surname>Bates</surname>
<given-names>Matthew</given-names>
</name>
<xref rid="aff0050" ref-type="aff">j</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0050"><name><surname>Mwaba</surname>
<given-names>Peter</given-names>
</name>
<xref rid="aff0050" ref-type="aff">j</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0055"><name><surname>Ansumana</surname>
<given-names>Rashid</given-names>
</name>
<xref rid="aff0055" ref-type="aff">k</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0060"><name><surname>Khan</surname>
<given-names>Mishal</given-names>
</name>
<xref rid="aff0060" ref-type="aff">l</xref>
<xref rid="aff0065" ref-type="aff">m</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0065"><name><surname>Alagaili</surname>
<given-names>Abdulaziz N.</given-names>
</name>
<xref rid="aff0070" ref-type="aff">n</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0070"><name><surname>Cotten</surname>
<given-names>Matthew</given-names>
</name>
<xref rid="aff0075" ref-type="aff">o</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0075"><name><surname>Azhar</surname>
<given-names>Esam I.</given-names>
</name>
<xref rid="aff0080" ref-type="aff">p</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0080"><name><surname>Maeurer</surname>
<given-names>Markus</given-names>
</name>
<xref rid="aff0085" ref-type="aff">q</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0085"><name><surname>Ippolito</surname>
<given-names>Giuseppe</given-names>
</name>
<xref rid="aff0090" ref-type="aff">r</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0090"><name><surname>Petersen</surname>
<given-names>Eskild</given-names>
</name>
<email>eskildp@dadlnet.dk</email>
<xref rid="aff0095" ref-type="aff">s</xref>
<xref rid="aff0100" ref-type="aff">t</xref>
<xref rid="cor0005" ref-type="corresp">⁎</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="aff0005"><label>a</label>
Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, UCL Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK</aff>
<aff id="aff0010"><label>b</label>
Public Health England, London, Chatham House Centre on Global Health Security, Royal Institute of International Affairs, London, UK</aff>
<aff id="aff0015"><label>c</label>
Department of Pathology and Pathogen Biology, The Royal Veterinary College, Hertfordshire, UK</aff>
<aff id="aff0020"><label>d</label>
Kenya Zoonotic Diseases Unit, Nairobi, Kenya</aff>
<aff id="aff0025"><label>e</label>
Fondation Congolaise pour la Recherche Médicale, Brazzaville, Republic of Congo</aff>
<aff id="aff0030"><label>f</label>
Institute for Tropical Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany</aff>
<aff id="aff0035"><label>g</label>
Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute Research Unit on AIDS, Entebbe, Uganda</aff>
<aff id="aff0040"><label>h</label>
Centro de Investigação em Saude de Manhiça, and National Directorate of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Maputo, Mozambique</aff>
<aff id="aff0045"><label>i</label>
Muhimbili Medical Research Centre, National Institute for Medical Research, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania</aff>
<aff id="aff0050"><label>j</label>
UNZA-UCLMS Project, University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia</aff>
<aff id="aff0055"><label>k</label>
Mercy Hospital Research Laboratory, Kulanda Town, Bo, Sierra Leone</aff>
<aff id="aff0060"><label>l</label>
London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK</aff>
<aff id="aff0065"><label>m</label>
Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore</aff>
<aff id="aff0070"><label>n</label>
KSU Mammals Research Chair, Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia</aff>
<aff id="aff0075"><label>o</label>
The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK</aff>
<aff id="aff0080"><label>p</label>
Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Centre, and Medical Laboratory Technology Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</aff>
<aff id="aff0085"><label>q</label>
Division of Therapeutic Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden</aff>
<aff id="aff0090"><label>r</label>
“Lazzaro Spallanzani” National Institute for Infectious Diseases – IRCCS, Rome, Italy</aff>
<aff id="aff0095"><label>s</label>
University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark</aff>
<aff id="aff0100"><label>t</label>
The Royal Hospital, Muscat, Oman</aff>
<author-notes><corresp id="cor0005"><label>⁎</label>
Corresponding author. <email>eskildp@dadlnet.dk</email>
</corresp>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>15</day>
<month>6</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<pmc-comment> PMC Release delay is 0 months and 0 days and was based on .</pmc-comment>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>6</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day>
<month>6</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>47</volume>
<fpage>5</fpage>
<lpage>9</lpage>
<history><date date-type="received"><day>8</day>
<month>6</month>
<year>2016</year>
</date>
<date date-type="accepted"><day>8</day>
<month>6</month>
<year>2016</year>
</date>
</history>
<permissions><copyright-statement>© 2016 The Author(s)</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2016</copyright-year>
<license><license-p>Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<abstract abstract-type="author-highlights" id="abs0005"><title>Highlights</title>
<p><list list-type="simple" id="lis0005"><list-item id="lsti0005"><label>•</label>
<p id="par0005">The appearance, disappearance, and re-emergence of pathogens of humans with epidemic potential and high mortality rates have threatened global health security for centuries.</p>
</list-item>
<list-item id="lsti0010"><label>•</label>
<p id="par0010">Global public health authorities should have been better prepared for the recent Ebola virus disease (EVD) epidemic in West Africa.</p>
</list-item>
<list-item id="lsti0015"><label>•</label>
<p id="par0015">The current Zika virus outbreak is diverting the attention of public authorities and governments from other important infectious diseases that continue to threaten global public health security; one such disease lurking in the background is the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS).</p>
</list-item>
<list-item id="lsti0020"><label>•</label>
<p id="par0020">The emergence of the MERS coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in 2012 was the second time (after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)) that a new coronavirus, highly pathogenic for humans, emerged in the 21<sup>st</sup>
century. Whilst most MERS cases have been reported from the Middle East, MERS cases have been reported from 27 countries in all continents.</p>
</list-item>
<list-item id="lsti0025"><label>•</label>
<p id="par0025">MERS-CoV has been found in camel populations of Eastern Africa and the Middle East, and with millions of pilgrims visiting Saudi Arabia and returning home every year, the movement of MERS-CoV to new locations presents a real threat to global health security.</p>
</list-item>
<list-item id="lsti0030"><label>•</label>
<p id="par0030">With animal, human, and environmental factors playing a critical role in its evolution, MERS-CoV represents a classical zoonosis.</p>
</list-item>
<list-item id="lsti0040"><label>•</label>
<p id="par0040">A serious and more collaborative and coordinated MERS-CoV response plan is required to better define MERS-CoV epidemiology, transmission dynamics, molecular evolution, optimal treatment and prevention measures, and development of vaccines for humans and camels.</p>
</list-item>
<list-item id="lsti0045"><label>•</label>
<p id="par0045">The ‘One Health’ concept focuses on the relationship and interconnectedness between humans, animals, and the environment, and recognizes that the health and wellbeing of humans is intimately connected to the health of animals and their environment (and vice versa).</p>
</list-item>
<list-item id="lsti0050"><label>•</label>
<p id="par0050">A ‘One Health’ approach is ideally suited to the MERS-CoV situation and requires close cooperation between those who provide human health, animal health, and promote environmental and ecosystems health.</p>
</list-item>
<list-item id="lsti0055"><label>•</label>
<p id="par0055">Critical to the establishment of a ‘One Health’ platform is the creation of a multidisciplinary team with a range of expertise to learn more about zoonotic spread between animals, humans, and the environment, and to monitor, respond to, and prevent major outbreaks conductive sociopolitical and economic framework for action.</p>
</list-item>
<list-item id="lsti0060"><label>•</label>
<p id="par0060">The persistence of MERS-CoV 4 years since its first discovery has created major opportunities for Saudi Arabia or one of the other Middle Eastern countries to take leadership of the ‘One Health’ approach to tackling new emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases with epidemic potential in their region.</p>
</list-item>
<list-item id="lsti0065"><label>•</label>
<p id="par0065">Parallel initiatives across Africa and the tropics could be harmonized to create regional networks that can serve as a repository for expert ‘One Health’ advice on safe and sustainable agricultural systems, especially for livestock, in support of human development.</p>
</list-item>
</list>
</p>
</abstract>
<abstract id="abs0010"><title>Summary</title>
<p>The appearance of novel pathogens of humans with epidemic potential and high mortality rates have threatened global health security for centuries. Over the past few decades new zoonotic infectious diseases of humans caused by pathogens arising from animal reservoirs have included West Nile virus, Yellow fever virus, Ebola virus, Nipah virus, Lassa Fever virus, Hanta virus, Dengue fever virus, Rift Valley fever virus, Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus, and Zika virus. The recent Ebola Virus Disease epidemic in West Africa and the ongoing Zika Virus outbreak in South America highlight the urgent need for local, regional and international public health systems to be be more coordinated and better prepared. The One Health concept focuses on the relationship and interconnectedness between Humans, Animals and the Environment, and recognizes that the health and wellbeing of humans is intimately connected to the health of animals and their environment (and vice versa). Critical to the establishment of a One Health platform is the creation of a multidisciplinary team with a range of expertise including public health officers, physicians, veterinarians, animal husbandry specialists, agriculturalists, ecologists, vector biologists, viral phylogeneticists, and researchers to co-operate, collaborate to learn more about zoonotic spread between animals, humans and the environment and to monitor, respond to and prevent major outbreaks. We discuss the unique opportunities for Middle Eastern and African stakeholders to take leadership in building equitable and effective partnerships with all stakeholders involved in human and health systems to take forward a ‘One Health’ approach to control such zoonotic pathogens with epidemic potential.</p>
</abstract>
<kwd-group id="kwd0005"><title>Keywords</title>
<kwd>One Health</kwd>
<kwd>MERS-CoV</kwd>
<kwd>Zoonoses</kwd>
<kwd>Camels</kwd>
<kwd>Epidemic</kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
<notes><p id="misc0005"><bold>Corresponding Editor:</bold>
Eskild Petersen, Aarhus, Denmark.</p>
</notes>
</front>
</pmc>
<affiliations><list><country><li>Allemagne</li>
<li>Arabie saoudite</li>
<li>Danemark</li>
<li>Italie</li>
<li>Kenya</li>
<li>Mozambique</li>
<li>Oman</li>
<li>Ouganda</li>
<li>Royaume-Uni</li>
<li>Sierra Leone</li>
<li>Singapour</li>
<li>Suède</li>
<li>Tanzanie</li>
<li>Zambie</li>
</country>
<region><li>Angleterre</li>
<li>Bade-Wurtemberg</li>
<li>District de Tübingen</li>
<li>Grand Londres</li>
<li>Latium</li>
<li>Svealand</li>
</region>
<settlement><li>Londres</li>
<li>Rome</li>
<li>Stockholm</li>
<li>Tübingen</li>
</settlement>
<orgName><li>Université nationale de Singapour</li>
</orgName>
</list>
<tree><country name="Royaume-Uni"><region name="Angleterre"><name sortKey="Zumla, Alimuddin" sort="Zumla, Alimuddin" uniqKey="Zumla A" first="Alimuddin" last="Zumla">Alimuddin Zumla</name>
</region>
<name sortKey="Cotten, Matthew" sort="Cotten, Matthew" uniqKey="Cotten M" first="Matthew" last="Cotten">Matthew Cotten</name>
<name sortKey="Dar, Osman" sort="Dar, Osman" uniqKey="Dar O" first="Osman" last="Dar">Osman Dar</name>
<name sortKey="Khan, Mishal" sort="Khan, Mishal" uniqKey="Khan M" first="Mishal" last="Khan">Mishal Khan</name>
<name sortKey="Kock, Richard" sort="Kock, Richard" uniqKey="Kock R" first="Richard" last="Kock">Richard Kock</name>
</country>
<country name="Kenya"><noRegion><name sortKey="Muturi, Matthew" sort="Muturi, Matthew" uniqKey="Muturi M" first="Matthew" last="Muturi">Matthew Muturi</name>
</noRegion>
</country>
<country name="Allemagne"><region name="Bade-Wurtemberg"><name sortKey="Ntoumi, Francine" sort="Ntoumi, Francine" uniqKey="Ntoumi F" first="Francine" last="Ntoumi">Francine Ntoumi</name>
</region>
</country>
<country name="Ouganda"><noRegion><name sortKey="Kaleebu, Pontiano" sort="Kaleebu, Pontiano" uniqKey="Kaleebu P" first="Pontiano" last="Kaleebu">Pontiano Kaleebu</name>
</noRegion>
</country>
<country name="Mozambique"><noRegion><name sortKey="Eusebio, Macete" sort="Eusebio, Macete" uniqKey="Eusebio M" first="Macete" last="Eusebio">Macete Eusebio</name>
</noRegion>
</country>
<country name="Tanzanie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Mfinanga, Sayoki" sort="Mfinanga, Sayoki" uniqKey="Mfinanga S" first="Sayoki" last="Mfinanga">Sayoki Mfinanga</name>
</noRegion>
</country>
<country name="Zambie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Bates, Matthew" sort="Bates, Matthew" uniqKey="Bates M" first="Matthew" last="Bates">Matthew Bates</name>
</noRegion>
<name sortKey="Mwaba, Peter" sort="Mwaba, Peter" uniqKey="Mwaba P" first="Peter" last="Mwaba">Peter Mwaba</name>
</country>
<country name="Sierra Leone"><noRegion><name sortKey="Ansumana, Rashid" sort="Ansumana, Rashid" uniqKey="Ansumana R" first="Rashid" last="Ansumana">Rashid Ansumana</name>
</noRegion>
</country>
<country name="Singapour"><noRegion><name sortKey="Khan, Mishal" sort="Khan, Mishal" uniqKey="Khan M" first="Mishal" last="Khan">Mishal Khan</name>
</noRegion>
</country>
<country name="Arabie saoudite"><noRegion><name sortKey="Alagaili, Abdulaziz N" sort="Alagaili, Abdulaziz N" uniqKey="Alagaili A" first="Abdulaziz N." last="Alagaili">Abdulaziz N. Alagaili</name>
</noRegion>
<name sortKey="Azhar, Esam I" sort="Azhar, Esam I" uniqKey="Azhar E" first="Esam I." last="Azhar">Esam I. Azhar</name>
</country>
<country name="Suède"><region name="Svealand"><name sortKey="Maeurer, Markus" sort="Maeurer, Markus" uniqKey="Maeurer M" first="Markus" last="Maeurer">Markus Maeurer</name>
</region>
</country>
<country name="Italie"><region name="Latium"><name sortKey="Ippolito, Giuseppe" sort="Ippolito, Giuseppe" uniqKey="Ippolito G" first="Giuseppe" last="Ippolito">Giuseppe Ippolito</name>
</region>
</country>
<country name="Danemark"><noRegion><name sortKey="Petersen, Eskild" sort="Petersen, Eskild" uniqKey="Petersen E" first="Eskild" last="Petersen">Eskild Petersen</name>
</noRegion>
</country>
<country name="Oman"><noRegion><name sortKey="Petersen, Eskild" sort="Petersen, Eskild" uniqKey="Petersen E" first="Eskild" last="Petersen">Eskild Petersen</name>
</noRegion>
</country>
</tree>
</affiliations>
</record>
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