Prevalence and genetic diversity analysis of human coronaviruses among cross-border children
Identifieur interne : 000743 ( Pmc/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000742; suivant : 000744Prevalence and genetic diversity analysis of human coronaviruses among cross-border children
Auteurs : Peilin Liu [République populaire de Chine] ; Lei Shi [République populaire de Chine] ; Wei Zhang [République populaire de Chine] ; Jianan He [République populaire de Chine] ; Chunxiao Liu [République populaire de Chine] ; Chunzhong Zhao [République populaire de Chine] ; Siu Kai Kong ; Jacky Fong Chuen Loo ; Dayong Gu [République populaire de Chine] ; Longfei Hu [République populaire de Chine]Source :
- Virology Journal [ 1743-422X ] ; 2017.
Abstract
More than a decade after the outbreak of human coronaviruses (HCoVs) SARS in Guangdong province and Hong Kong SAR of China in 2002, there is still no reoccurrence, but the evolution and recombination of the coronaviruses in this region are still unknown. Therefore, surveillance on the prevalence and the virus variation of HCoVs circulation in this region is conducted.
A total of 3298 nasopharyngeal swabs samples were collected from cross-border children (<6 years, crossing border between Southern China and Hong Kong SAR) showing symptoms of respiratory tract infection, such as fever (body temperature > 37.5 °C), from 2014 May to 2015 Dec. Viral nucleic acids were analyzed and sequenced to study the prevalence and genetic diversity of the four human coronaviruses. The statistical significance of the data was evaluated with Fisher chi-square test.
78 (2.37%; 95%CI 1.8-2.8%) out of 3298 nasopharyngeal swabs specimens were found to be positive for OC43 (36;1.09%), HKU1 (34; 1.03%), NL63 (6; 0.18%) and 229E (2;0.01%). None of SARS or MERS was detected. The HCoVs predominant circulating season was in transition of winter to spring, especially January and February and NL63 detected only in summer and fall. Complex population with an abundant genetic diversity of coronaviruses was circulating and they shared homology with the published strains (99-100%). Besides, phylogenetic evolutionary analysis indicated that OC43 coronaviruses were clustered into three clades (B,D,E), HKU1 clustered into two clades(A,B) and NL63 clustered into two clades(A,B). Moreover, several novel mutations including nucleotides substitution and the insertion of spike of the glycoprotein on the viral surface were discovered.
The detection rate and epidemic trend of coronaviruses were stable and no obvious fluctuations were found. The detected coronaviruses shared a conserved gene sequences in S and RdRp. However, mutants of the epidemic strains were detected, suggesting continuous monitoring of the human coronaviruses is in need among cross-border children, who are more likely to get infected and transmit the viruses across the border easily, in addition to the general public.
Url:
DOI: 10.1186/s12985-017-0896-0
PubMed: 29166910
PubMed Central: 5700739
Affiliations:
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<author><name sortKey="Liu, Chunxiao" sort="Liu, Chunxiao" uniqKey="Liu C" first="Chunxiao" last="Liu">Chunxiao Liu</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Zhao, Chunzhong" sort="Zhao, Chunzhong" uniqKey="Zhao C" first="Chunzhong" last="Zhao">Chunzhong Zhao</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Gu, Dayong" sort="Gu, Dayong" uniqKey="Gu D" first="Dayong" last="Gu">Dayong Gu</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Hu, Longfei" sort="Hu, Longfei" uniqKey="Hu L" first="Longfei" last="Hu">Longfei Hu</name>
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Shenzhen, 518010 People’s Republic of China</nlm:aff>
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<series><title level="j">Virology Journal</title>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title>
<p id="Par1">More than a decade after the outbreak of human coronaviruses (HCoVs) SARS in Guangdong province and Hong Kong SAR of China in 2002, there is still no reoccurrence, but the evolution and recombination of the coronaviruses in this region are still unknown. Therefore, surveillance on the prevalence and the virus variation of HCoVs circulation in this region is conducted.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Methods</title>
<p id="Par2">A total of 3298 nasopharyngeal swabs samples were collected from cross-border children (<6 years, crossing border between Southern China and Hong Kong SAR) showing symptoms of respiratory tract infection, such as fever (body temperature > 37.5 °C), from 2014 May to 2015 Dec. Viral nucleic acids were analyzed and sequenced to study the prevalence and genetic diversity of the four human coronaviruses. The statistical significance of the data was evaluated with Fisher chi-square test.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Results</title>
<p id="Par3">78 (2.37%; 95%CI 1.8-2.8%) out of 3298 nasopharyngeal swabs specimens were found to be positive for OC43 (36;1.09%), HKU1 (34; 1.03%), NL63 (6; 0.18%) and 229E (2;0.01%). None of SARS or MERS was detected. The HCoVs predominant circulating season was in transition of winter to spring, especially January and February and NL63 detected only in summer and fall. Complex population with an abundant genetic diversity of coronaviruses was circulating and they shared homology with the published strains (99-100%). Besides, phylogenetic evolutionary analysis indicated that OC43 coronaviruses were clustered into three clades (B,D,E), HKU1 clustered into two clades(A,B) and NL63 clustered into two clades(A,B). Moreover, several novel mutations including nucleotides substitution and the insertion of spike of the glycoprotein on the viral surface were discovered.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Conclusions</title>
<p id="Par4">The detection rate and epidemic trend of coronaviruses were stable and no obvious fluctuations were found. The detected coronaviruses shared a conserved gene sequences in S and RdRp. However, mutants of the epidemic strains were detected, suggesting continuous monitoring of the human coronaviruses is in need among cross-border children, who are more likely to get infected and transmit the viruses across the border easily, in addition to the general public.</p>
</sec>
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<pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Virol J</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Virol. J</journal-id>
<journal-title-group><journal-title>Virology Journal</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">1743-422X</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>BioMed Central</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>London</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">29166910</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">5700739</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">896</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1186/s12985-017-0896-0</article-id>
<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group><article-title>Prevalence and genetic diversity analysis of human coronaviruses among cross-border children</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Liu</surname>
<given-names>Peilin</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff1">1</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff2">2</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Shi</surname>
<given-names>Lei</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff2">2</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Zhang</surname>
<given-names>Wei</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff3">3</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>He</surname>
<given-names>Jianan</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff2">2</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Liu</surname>
<given-names>Chunxiao</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff2">2</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Zhao</surname>
<given-names>Chunzhong</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff2">2</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kong</surname>
<given-names>Siu Kai</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff4">4</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0355-8865</contrib-id>
<name><surname>Loo</surname>
<given-names>Jacky Fong Chuen</given-names>
</name>
<address><email>jackyfcloo@cuhk.edu.hk</email>
</address>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff4">4</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff5">5</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name><surname>Gu</surname>
<given-names>Dayong</given-names>
</name>
<address><phone>+86-755-83373552</phone>
<email>wanhood@163.com</email>
</address>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff2">2</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff6">6</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name><surname>Hu</surname>
<given-names>Longfei</given-names>
</name>
<address><phone>+86-755-83373552</phone>
<email>18307550009@139.com</email>
</address>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff6">6</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff2">2</xref>
</contrib>
<aff id="Aff1"><label>1</label>
<institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0001 2360 039X</institution-id>
<institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.12981.33</institution-id>
<institution>Department of Health Inspection and Quarantine, School of Public Health,</institution>
<institution>Sun Yat-sen University,</institution>
</institution-wrap>
Guangzhou, 510275 People’s Republic of China</aff>
<aff id="Aff2"><label>2</label>
<institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.488141.0</institution-id>
<institution>Central Laboratory of Health quarantine, Shenzhen International Travel Health Care Center and Shenzhen Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Shenzhen Entry-exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau,</institution>
</institution-wrap>
Shenzhen, 518033 People’s Republic of China</aff>
<aff id="Aff3"><label>3</label>
<institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 1798 1925</institution-id>
<institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.439104.b</institution-id>
<institution>Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Science,</institution>
</institution-wrap>
Wuhan, 430071 People’s Republic of China</aff>
<aff id="Aff4"><label>4</label>
<institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 1937 0482</institution-id>
<institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.10784.3a</institution-id>
<institution>Biochemistry Programme, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong,</institution>
</institution-wrap>
Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR China</aff>
<aff id="Aff5"><label>5</label>
<institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 1937 0482</institution-id>
<institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.10784.3a</institution-id>
<institution>Department of Biomedical Engineering,</institution>
<institution>The Chinese University of Hong Kong,</institution>
</institution-wrap>
Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR China</aff>
<aff id="Aff6"><label>6</label>
<institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 1761 3196</institution-id>
<institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.464433.2</institution-id>
<institution>Shenzhen Academy of Inspection and Quarantine,</institution>
</institution-wrap>
Shenzhen, 518010 People’s Republic of China</aff>
</contrib-group>
<pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day>
<month>11</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>22</day>
<month>11</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>14</volume>
<elocation-id>230</elocation-id>
<history><date date-type="received"><day>14</day>
<month>5</month>
<year>2017</year>
</date>
<date date-type="accepted"><day>15</day>
<month>11</month>
<year>2017</year>
</date>
</history>
<permissions><copyright-statement>© The Author(s). 2017</copyright-statement>
<license license-type="OpenAccess"><license-p><bold>Open Access</bold>
This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link>
), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/">http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/</ext-link>
) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<abstract id="Abs1"><sec><title>Background</title>
<p id="Par1">More than a decade after the outbreak of human coronaviruses (HCoVs) SARS in Guangdong province and Hong Kong SAR of China in 2002, there is still no reoccurrence, but the evolution and recombination of the coronaviruses in this region are still unknown. Therefore, surveillance on the prevalence and the virus variation of HCoVs circulation in this region is conducted.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Methods</title>
<p id="Par2">A total of 3298 nasopharyngeal swabs samples were collected from cross-border children (<6 years, crossing border between Southern China and Hong Kong SAR) showing symptoms of respiratory tract infection, such as fever (body temperature > 37.5 °C), from 2014 May to 2015 Dec. Viral nucleic acids were analyzed and sequenced to study the prevalence and genetic diversity of the four human coronaviruses. The statistical significance of the data was evaluated with Fisher chi-square test.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Results</title>
<p id="Par3">78 (2.37%; 95%CI 1.8-2.8%) out of 3298 nasopharyngeal swabs specimens were found to be positive for OC43 (36;1.09%), HKU1 (34; 1.03%), NL63 (6; 0.18%) and 229E (2;0.01%). None of SARS or MERS was detected. The HCoVs predominant circulating season was in transition of winter to spring, especially January and February and NL63 detected only in summer and fall. Complex population with an abundant genetic diversity of coronaviruses was circulating and they shared homology with the published strains (99-100%). Besides, phylogenetic evolutionary analysis indicated that OC43 coronaviruses were clustered into three clades (B,D,E), HKU1 clustered into two clades(A,B) and NL63 clustered into two clades(A,B). Moreover, several novel mutations including nucleotides substitution and the insertion of spike of the glycoprotein on the viral surface were discovered.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Conclusions</title>
<p id="Par4">The detection rate and epidemic trend of coronaviruses were stable and no obvious fluctuations were found. The detected coronaviruses shared a conserved gene sequences in S and RdRp. However, mutants of the epidemic strains were detected, suggesting continuous monitoring of the human coronaviruses is in need among cross-border children, who are more likely to get infected and transmit the viruses across the border easily, in addition to the general public.</p>
</sec>
</abstract>
<kwd-group xml:lang="en"><title>Keywords</title>
<kwd>Human coronaviruses</kwd>
<kwd>Cross-border children</kwd>
<kwd>Molecular epidemiology</kwd>
<kwd>Phylogenetic analysis</kwd>
<kwd>Genetic diversity</kwd>
</kwd-group>
<funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution>National Key Research and Development Plan of China</institution>
</funding-source>
<award-id>2016YFF0203203 and 2016YFC1201404</award-id>
</award-group>
</funding-group>
<funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="FundRef">http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001809</institution-id>
<institution>National Natural Science Foundation of China</institution>
</institution-wrap>
</funding-source>
<award-id>K16026</award-id>
</award-group>
</funding-group>
<funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution>Shenzhen Science and Technology Foundation</institution>
</funding-source>
<award-id>No. JCYJ20140419151618022, No. JCYJ20150330102720128 No. CXZZ20150504163004339, No. JCYJ20170307104024209, No. JCYJ20160427151920801</award-id>
</award-group>
</funding-group>
<funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution>Science and Technology Foundation of Shenzhen Enter-exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau</institution>
</funding-source>
<award-id>SZ2014101</award-id>
</award-group>
</funding-group>
<funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution>Guangdong Science and Technology Foundation</institution>
</funding-source>
<award-id>No. 2016A020219005, No. 20160223, No. CXZZ20150504163004339, No. 2016A020247001, No. 2016A020223001</award-id>
</award-group>
</funding-group>
<custom-meta-group><custom-meta><meta-name>issue-copyright-statement</meta-name>
<meta-value>© The Author(s) 2017</meta-value>
</custom-meta>
</custom-meta-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
</pmc>
<affiliations><list><country><li>République populaire de Chine</li>
</country>
</list>
<tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Kong, Siu Kai" sort="Kong, Siu Kai" uniqKey="Kong S" first="Siu Kai" last="Kong">Siu Kai Kong</name>
<name sortKey="Loo, Jacky Fong Chuen" sort="Loo, Jacky Fong Chuen" uniqKey="Loo J" first="Jacky Fong Chuen" last="Loo">Jacky Fong Chuen Loo</name>
</noCountry>
<country name="République populaire de Chine"><noRegion><name sortKey="Liu, Peilin" sort="Liu, Peilin" uniqKey="Liu P" first="Peilin" last="Liu">Peilin Liu</name>
</noRegion>
<name sortKey="Gu, Dayong" sort="Gu, Dayong" uniqKey="Gu D" first="Dayong" last="Gu">Dayong Gu</name>
<name sortKey="Gu, Dayong" sort="Gu, Dayong" uniqKey="Gu D" first="Dayong" last="Gu">Dayong Gu</name>
<name sortKey="He, Jianan" sort="He, Jianan" uniqKey="He J" first="Jianan" last="He">Jianan He</name>
<name sortKey="Hu, Longfei" sort="Hu, Longfei" uniqKey="Hu L" first="Longfei" last="Hu">Longfei Hu</name>
<name sortKey="Hu, Longfei" sort="Hu, Longfei" uniqKey="Hu L" first="Longfei" last="Hu">Longfei Hu</name>
<name sortKey="Liu, Chunxiao" sort="Liu, Chunxiao" uniqKey="Liu C" first="Chunxiao" last="Liu">Chunxiao Liu</name>
<name sortKey="Liu, Peilin" sort="Liu, Peilin" uniqKey="Liu P" first="Peilin" last="Liu">Peilin Liu</name>
<name sortKey="Shi, Lei" sort="Shi, Lei" uniqKey="Shi L" first="Lei" last="Shi">Lei Shi</name>
<name sortKey="Zhang, Wei" sort="Zhang, Wei" uniqKey="Zhang W" first="Wei" last="Zhang">Wei Zhang</name>
<name sortKey="Zhao, Chunzhong" sort="Zhao, Chunzhong" uniqKey="Zhao C" first="Chunzhong" last="Zhao">Chunzhong Zhao</name>
</country>
</tree>
</affiliations>
</record>
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