Serveur d'exploration MERS

Attention, ce site est en cours de développement !
Attention, site généré par des moyens informatiques à partir de corpus bruts.
Les informations ne sont donc pas validées.

Development and validation of different indirect ELISAs for MERS-CoV serological testing

Identifieur interne : 002086 ( Ncbi/Merge ); précédent : 002085; suivant : 002087

Development and validation of different indirect ELISAs for MERS-CoV serological testing

Auteurs : Anwar M. Hashem [Arabie saoudite] ; Sawsan S. Al-Amri [Arabie saoudite] ; Tagreed L. Al-Subhi [Arabie saoudite] ; Loai A. Siddiq [Arabie saoudite] ; Ahmed M. Hassan [Arabie saoudite] ; Maha M. Alawi [Arabie saoudite] ; Rowa Y. Alhabbab [Arabie saoudite] ; Salwa I. Hindawi [Arabie saoudite] ; Osama B. Mohammed [Arabie saoudite] ; Nabil S. Amor [Arabie saoudite] ; Abdulaziz N. Alagaili [Arabie saoudite] ; Ahmed A. Mirza [Arabie saoudite] ; Esam I. Azhar [Arabie saoudite]

Source :

RBID : PMC:7094657

Descripteurs français

English descriptors

Abstract

Since 2012, MERS-CoV has caused up to 2220 cases and 790 deaths in 27 countries with Saudi Arabia being the most affected country with ~83.1% of the cases and ~38.8% local death rate. Current serological assays such as microneutralization (MN), plaque reduction neutralization, immunofluorescence, protein microarray or pseudoparticle neutralization assays rely on handling of live MERS-CoV in high containment laboratories or need for expensive and special equipment and reagents and highly trained personnel which represent a technical hurdle for most laboratories in resource-limited MERS-CoV endemic countries. Here, we developed, compared and evaluated three different indirect ELISAs based on MERS-CoV nucleocapsid protein (N), spike (S) ectodomain (amino acids 1–1297) and S1 subunit (amino acids 1–725) and compared them with MN assay. The developed ELISAs were evaluated using large number of confirmed seropositive (79 samples) and seronegative (274 samples) MERS-CoV human serum samples. Both rS1- and rS-ELISAs maintained high sensitivity and specificity (≥90%) across a wider range of OD values compared to rN-ELISA. Moreover, rS1- and rS-based ELISAs showed better agreement and correlation with MN assay in contrast to rN-ELISA. Collectively, our data demonstrate that rS1-ELISA and rS-ELISA are more reliable than rN-ELISA and represent a suitable choice for seroepidemiological testing and surveillance in MERS-CoV endemic regions.


Url:
DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2019.01.005
PubMed: 30659836
PubMed Central: 7094657

Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)


Links to Exploration step

PMC:7094657

Le document en format XML

<record>
<TEI>
<teiHeader>
<fileDesc>
<titleStmt>
<title xml:lang="en">Development and validation of different indirect ELISAs for MERS-CoV serological testing</title>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hashem, Anwar M" sort="Hashem, Anwar M" uniqKey="Hashem A" first="Anwar M." last="Hashem">Anwar M. Hashem</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0005">Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0010">Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Al Amri, Sawsan S" sort="Al Amri, Sawsan S" uniqKey="Al Amri S" first="Sawsan S." last="Al-Amri">Sawsan S. Al-Amri</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0005">Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Al Subhi, Tagreed L" sort="Al Subhi, Tagreed L" uniqKey="Al Subhi T" first="Tagreed L." last="Al-Subhi">Tagreed L. Al-Subhi</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0005">Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Siddiq, Loai A" sort="Siddiq, Loai A" uniqKey="Siddiq L" first="Loai A." last="Siddiq">Loai A. Siddiq</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0005">Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hassan, Ahmed M" sort="Hassan, Ahmed M" uniqKey="Hassan A" first="Ahmed M." last="Hassan">Ahmed M. Hassan</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0005">Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Alawi, Maha M" sort="Alawi, Maha M" uniqKey="Alawi M" first="Maha M." last="Alawi">Maha M. Alawi</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0005">Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0010">Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0015">Infection Control & Environmental Health Unit, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Infection Control & Environmental Health Unit, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Alhabbab, Rowa Y" sort="Alhabbab, Rowa Y" uniqKey="Alhabbab R" first="Rowa Y." last="Alhabbab">Rowa Y. Alhabbab</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0005">Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0020">Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hindawi, Salwa I" sort="Hindawi, Salwa I" uniqKey="Hindawi S" first="Salwa I." last="Hindawi">Salwa I. Hindawi</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0005">Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0025">Blood Transfusion Services, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Blood Transfusion Services, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0030">Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Mohammed, Osama B" sort="Mohammed, Osama B" uniqKey="Mohammed O" first="Osama B." last="Mohammed">Osama B. Mohammed</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0035">KSU Mammals Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>KSU Mammals Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Riyadh</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Amor, Nabil S" sort="Amor, Nabil S" uniqKey="Amor N" first="Nabil S." last="Amor">Nabil S. Amor</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0035">KSU Mammals Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>KSU Mammals Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Riyadh</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Alagaili, Abdulaziz N" sort="Alagaili, Abdulaziz N" uniqKey="Alagaili A" first="Abdulaziz N." last="Alagaili">Abdulaziz N. Alagaili</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0035">KSU Mammals Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>KSU Mammals Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Riyadh</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Mirza, Ahmed A" sort="Mirza, Ahmed A" uniqKey="Mirza A" first="Ahmed A." last="Mirza">Ahmed A. Mirza</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0020">Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Azhar, Esam I" sort="Azhar, Esam I" uniqKey="Azhar E" first="Esam I." last="Azhar">Esam I. Azhar</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0005">Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0020">Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt>
<idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno>
<idno type="pmid">30659836</idno>
<idno type="pmc">7094657</idno>
<idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7094657</idno>
<idno type="RBID">PMC:7094657</idno>
<idno type="doi">10.1016/j.jim.2019.01.005</idno>
<date when="2019">2019</date>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000E13</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000E13</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000E13</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">000E13</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000346</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000346</idno>
<idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno>
<idno type="RBID">pubmed:30659836</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">000665</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000665</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Curation">000665</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Curation">000665</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Checkpoint">000606</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Checkpoint" wicri:step="PubMed">000606</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Merge">002086</idno>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Development and validation of different indirect ELISAs for MERS-CoV serological testing</title>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hashem, Anwar M" sort="Hashem, Anwar M" uniqKey="Hashem A" first="Anwar M." last="Hashem">Anwar M. Hashem</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0005">Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0010">Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Al Amri, Sawsan S" sort="Al Amri, Sawsan S" uniqKey="Al Amri S" first="Sawsan S." last="Al-Amri">Sawsan S. Al-Amri</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0005">Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Al Subhi, Tagreed L" sort="Al Subhi, Tagreed L" uniqKey="Al Subhi T" first="Tagreed L." last="Al-Subhi">Tagreed L. Al-Subhi</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0005">Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Siddiq, Loai A" sort="Siddiq, Loai A" uniqKey="Siddiq L" first="Loai A." last="Siddiq">Loai A. Siddiq</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0005">Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hassan, Ahmed M" sort="Hassan, Ahmed M" uniqKey="Hassan A" first="Ahmed M." last="Hassan">Ahmed M. Hassan</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0005">Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Alawi, Maha M" sort="Alawi, Maha M" uniqKey="Alawi M" first="Maha M." last="Alawi">Maha M. Alawi</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0005">Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0010">Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0015">Infection Control & Environmental Health Unit, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Infection Control & Environmental Health Unit, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Alhabbab, Rowa Y" sort="Alhabbab, Rowa Y" uniqKey="Alhabbab R" first="Rowa Y." last="Alhabbab">Rowa Y. Alhabbab</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0005">Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0020">Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hindawi, Salwa I" sort="Hindawi, Salwa I" uniqKey="Hindawi S" first="Salwa I." last="Hindawi">Salwa I. Hindawi</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0005">Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0025">Blood Transfusion Services, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Blood Transfusion Services, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0030">Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Mohammed, Osama B" sort="Mohammed, Osama B" uniqKey="Mohammed O" first="Osama B." last="Mohammed">Osama B. Mohammed</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0035">KSU Mammals Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>KSU Mammals Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Riyadh</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Amor, Nabil S" sort="Amor, Nabil S" uniqKey="Amor N" first="Nabil S." last="Amor">Nabil S. Amor</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0035">KSU Mammals Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>KSU Mammals Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Riyadh</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Alagaili, Abdulaziz N" sort="Alagaili, Abdulaziz N" uniqKey="Alagaili A" first="Abdulaziz N." last="Alagaili">Abdulaziz N. Alagaili</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0035">KSU Mammals Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>KSU Mammals Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Riyadh</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Mirza, Ahmed A" sort="Mirza, Ahmed A" uniqKey="Mirza A" first="Ahmed A." last="Mirza">Ahmed A. Mirza</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0020">Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Azhar, Esam I" sort="Azhar, Esam I" uniqKey="Azhar E" first="Esam I." last="Azhar">Esam I. Azhar</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0005">Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0020">Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series>
<title level="j">Journal of Immunological Methods</title>
<idno type="ISSN">0022-1759</idno>
<idno type="eISSN">1872-7905</idno>
<imprint>
<date when="2019">2019</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc>
<textClass>
<keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en">
<term>Animals</term>
<term>Antibodies, Viral (blood)</term>
<term>Antibodies, Viral (immunology)</term>
<term>Chlorocebus aethiops</term>
<term>Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay</term>
<term>Humans</term>
<term>Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (genetics)</term>
<term>Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (immunology)</term>
<term>Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (isolation & purification)</term>
<term>Recombinant Proteins (blood)</term>
<term>Recombinant Proteins (immunology)</term>
<term>Serologic Tests</term>
<term>Vero Cells</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr">
<term>Animaux</term>
<term>Anticorps antiviraux (immunologie)</term>
<term>Anticorps antiviraux (sang)</term>
<term>Cellules Vero</term>
<term>Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient (génétique)</term>
<term>Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient (immunologie)</term>
<term>Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient (isolement et purification)</term>
<term>Humains</term>
<term>Protéines recombinantes (immunologie)</term>
<term>Protéines recombinantes (sang)</term>
<term>Test ELISA</term>
<term>Tests sérologiques</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="blood" xml:lang="en">
<term>Antibodies, Viral</term>
<term>Recombinant Proteins</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="immunology" xml:lang="en">
<term>Antibodies, Viral</term>
<term>Recombinant Proteins</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en">
<term>Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="génétique" xml:lang="fr">
<term>Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="immunologie" xml:lang="fr">
<term>Anticorps antiviraux</term>
<term>Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient</term>
<term>Protéines recombinantes</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="immunology" xml:lang="en">
<term>Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="isolation & purification" xml:lang="en">
<term>Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="isolement et purification" xml:lang="fr">
<term>Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="sang" xml:lang="fr">
<term>Anticorps antiviraux</term>
<term>Protéines recombinantes</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en">
<term>Animals</term>
<term>Chlorocebus aethiops</term>
<term>Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay</term>
<term>Humans</term>
<term>Serologic Tests</term>
<term>Vero Cells</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr">
<term>Animaux</term>
<term>Cellules Vero</term>
<term>Humains</term>
<term>Test ELISA</term>
<term>Tests sérologiques</term>
</keywords>
</textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">
<p>Since 2012, MERS-CoV has caused up to 2220 cases and 790 deaths in 27 countries with Saudi Arabia being the most affected country with ~83.1% of the cases and ~38.8% local death rate. Current serological assays such as microneutralization (MN), plaque reduction neutralization, immunofluorescence, protein microarray or pseudoparticle neutralization assays rely on handling of live MERS-CoV in high containment laboratories or need for expensive and special equipment and reagents and highly trained personnel which represent a technical hurdle for most laboratories in resource-limited MERS-CoV endemic countries. Here, we developed, compared and evaluated three different indirect ELISAs based on MERS-CoV nucleocapsid protein (N), spike (S) ectodomain (amino acids 1–1297) and S1 subunit (amino acids 1–725) and compared them with MN assay. The developed ELISAs were evaluated using large number of confirmed seropositive (79 samples) and seronegative (274 samples) MERS-CoV human serum samples. Both rS1- and rS-ELISAs maintained high sensitivity and specificity (≥90%) across a wider range of OD values compared to rN-ELISA. Moreover, rS1- and rS-based ELISAs showed better agreement and correlation with MN assay in contrast to rN-ELISA. Collectively, our data demonstrate that rS1-ELISA and rS-ELISA are more reliable than rN-ELISA and represent a suitable choice for seroepidemiological testing and surveillance in MERS-CoV endemic regions.</p>
</div>
</front>
<back>
<div1 type="bibliography">
<listBibl>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Agnihothram, S" uniqKey="Agnihothram S">S. Agnihothram</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Gopal, R" uniqKey="Gopal R">R. Gopal</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Yount, B L Jr" uniqKey="Yount B">B.L.Jr. Yount</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Donaldson, E F" uniqKey="Donaldson E">E.F. Donaldson</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Menachery, V D" uniqKey="Menachery V">V.D. Menachery</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Graham, R L" uniqKey="Graham R">R.L. Graham</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Scobey, T D" uniqKey="Scobey T">T.D. Scobey</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Gralinski, L E" uniqKey="Gralinski L">L.E. Gralinski</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Denison, M R" uniqKey="Denison M">M.R. Denison</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Zambon, M" uniqKey="Zambon M">M. Zambon</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Baric, R S" uniqKey="Baric R">R.S. Baric</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Al Abdallat, M M" uniqKey="Al Abdallat M">M.M. Al-Abdallat</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Payne, D C" uniqKey="Payne D">D.C. Payne</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Alqasrawi, S" uniqKey="Alqasrawi S">S. Alqasrawi</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Rha, B" uniqKey="Rha B">B. Rha</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Tohme, R A" uniqKey="Tohme R">R.A. Tohme</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Abedi, G R" uniqKey="Abedi G">G.R. Abedi</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Al Nsour, M" uniqKey="Al Nsour M">M. Al Nsour</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Iblan, I" uniqKey="Iblan I">I. Iblan</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Jarour, N" uniqKey="Jarour N">N. Jarour</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Farag, N H" uniqKey="Farag N">N.H. Farag</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Haddadin, A" uniqKey="Haddadin A">A. Haddadin</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Al Sanouri, T" uniqKey="Al Sanouri T">T. Al-Sanouri</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Tamin, A" uniqKey="Tamin A">A. Tamin</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Harcourt, J L" uniqKey="Harcourt J">J.L. Harcourt</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Kuhar, D T" uniqKey="Kuhar D">D.T. Kuhar</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Swerdlow, D L" uniqKey="Swerdlow D">D.L. Swerdlow</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Erdman, D D" uniqKey="Erdman D">D.D. Erdman</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Pallansch, M A" uniqKey="Pallansch M">M.A. Pallansch</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Haynes, L M" uniqKey="Haynes L">L.M. Haynes</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Gerber, S I" uniqKey="Gerber S">S.I. Gerber</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Alagaili, A N" uniqKey="Alagaili A">A.N. Alagaili</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Briese, T" uniqKey="Briese T">T. Briese</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Mishra, N" uniqKey="Mishra N">N. Mishra</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Kapoor, V" uniqKey="Kapoor V">V. Kapoor</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Sameroff, S C" uniqKey="Sameroff S">S.C. Sameroff</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Burbelo, P D" uniqKey="Burbelo P">P.D. Burbelo</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="De Wit, E" uniqKey="De Wit E">E. de Wit</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Munster, V J" uniqKey="Munster V">V.J. Munster</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hensley, L E" uniqKey="Hensley L">L.E. Hensley</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Zalmout, I S" uniqKey="Zalmout I">I.S. Zalmout</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Kapoor, A" uniqKey="Kapoor A">A. Kapoor</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Epstein, J H" uniqKey="Epstein J">J.H. Epstein</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Karesh, W B" uniqKey="Karesh W">W.B. Karesh</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Daszak, P" uniqKey="Daszak P">P. Daszak</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Mohammed, O B" uniqKey="Mohammed O">O.B. Mohammed</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Lipkin, W I" uniqKey="Lipkin W">W.I. Lipkin</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Al Amri, S S" uniqKey="Al Amri S">S.S. Al-Amri</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Abbas, A T" uniqKey="Abbas A">A.T. Abbas</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Siddiq, L A" uniqKey="Siddiq L">L.A. Siddiq</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Alghamdi, A" uniqKey="Alghamdi A">A. Alghamdi</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Sanki, M A" uniqKey="Sanki M">M.A. Sanki</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Al Muhanna, M K" uniqKey="Al Muhanna M">M.K. Al-Muhanna</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Alhabbab, R Y" uniqKey="Alhabbab R">R.Y. Alhabbab</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Azhar, E I" uniqKey="Azhar E">E.I. Azhar</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Li, X" uniqKey="Li X">X. Li</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hashem, A M" uniqKey="Hashem A">A.M. Hashem</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Alshukairi, A N" uniqKey="Alshukairi A">A.N. Alshukairi</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Khalid, I" uniqKey="Khalid I">I. Khalid</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ahmed, W A" uniqKey="Ahmed W">W.A. Ahmed</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Dada, A M" uniqKey="Dada A">A.M. Dada</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Bayumi, D T" uniqKey="Bayumi D">D.T. Bayumi</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Malic, L S" uniqKey="Malic L">L.S. Malic</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Althawadi, S" uniqKey="Althawadi S">S. Althawadi</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ignacio, K" uniqKey="Ignacio K">K. Ignacio</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Alsalmi, H S" uniqKey="Alsalmi H">H.S. Alsalmi</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Al Abdely, H M" uniqKey="Al Abdely H">H.M. Al-Abdely</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Wali, G Y" uniqKey="Wali G">G.Y. Wali</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Qushmaq, I A" uniqKey="Qushmaq I">I.A. Qushmaq</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Alraddadi, B M" uniqKey="Alraddadi B">B.M. Alraddadi</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Perlman, S" uniqKey="Perlman S">S. Perlman</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Alshukairi, A N" uniqKey="Alshukairi A">A.N. Alshukairi</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Zheng, J" uniqKey="Zheng J">J. Zheng</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Zhao, J" uniqKey="Zhao J">J. Zhao</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Nehdi, A" uniqKey="Nehdi A">A. Nehdi</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Baharoon, S A" uniqKey="Baharoon S">S.A. Baharoon</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Layqah, L" uniqKey="Layqah L">L. Layqah</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Bokhari, A" uniqKey="Bokhari A">A. Bokhari</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Al Johani, S M" uniqKey="Al Johani S">S.M. Al Johani</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Samman, N" uniqKey="Samman N">N. Samman</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Boudjelal, M" uniqKey="Boudjelal M">M. Boudjelal</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ten Eyck, P" uniqKey="Ten Eyck P">P. Ten Eyck</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Al Mozaini, M A" uniqKey="Al Mozaini M">M.A. Al-Mozaini</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Zhao, J" uniqKey="Zhao J">J. Zhao</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Perlman, S" uniqKey="Perlman S">S. Perlman</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Alagaili, A N" uniqKey="Alagaili A">A.N. Alagaili</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Azhar, E I" uniqKey="Azhar E">E.I. Azhar</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="El Kafrawy, S A" uniqKey="El Kafrawy S">S.A. El-Kafrawy</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Farraj, S A" uniqKey="Farraj S">S.A. Farraj</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hassan, A M" uniqKey="Hassan A">A.M. Hassan</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Al Saeed, M S" uniqKey="Al Saeed M">M.S. Al-Saeed</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hashem, A M" uniqKey="Hashem A">A.M. Hashem</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Madani, T A" uniqKey="Madani T">T.A. Madani</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Chan, J F" uniqKey="Chan J">J.F. Chan</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Sridhar, S" uniqKey="Sridhar S">S. Sridhar</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Yip, C C" uniqKey="Yip C">C.C. Yip</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Lau, S K" uniqKey="Lau S">S.K. Lau</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Woo, P C" uniqKey="Woo P">P.C. Woo</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Chen, Y" uniqKey="Chen Y">Y. Chen</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Chan, K H" uniqKey="Chan K">K.H. Chan</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Kang, Y" uniqKey="Kang Y">Y. Kang</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Chen, H" uniqKey="Chen H">H. Chen</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Luk, H K" uniqKey="Luk H">H.K. Luk</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Poon, R W" uniqKey="Poon R">R.W. Poon</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Chan, J F" uniqKey="Chan J">J.F. Chan</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Yuen, K Y" uniqKey="Yuen K">K.Y. Yuen</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Xia, N" uniqKey="Xia N">N. Xia</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Lau, S K" uniqKey="Lau S">S.K. Lau</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Woo, P C" uniqKey="Woo P">P.C. Woo</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Choe, P G" uniqKey="Choe P">P.G. Choe</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Perera, R A P M" uniqKey="Perera R">R.A.P.M. Perera</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Park, W B" uniqKey="Park W">W.B. Park</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Song, K H" uniqKey="Song K">K.H. Song</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Bang, J H" uniqKey="Bang J">J.H. Bang</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Kim, E S" uniqKey="Kim E">E.S. Kim</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Kim, H B" uniqKey="Kim H">H.B. Kim</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ko, L W R" uniqKey="Ko L">L.W.R. Ko</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Park, S W" uniqKey="Park S">S.W. Park</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Kim, N J" uniqKey="Kim N">N.J. Kim</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Lau, E H Y" uniqKey="Lau E">E.H.Y. Lau</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Poon, L L M" uniqKey="Poon L">L.L.M. Poon</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Peiris, M" uniqKey="Peiris M">M. Peiris</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Oh, M D" uniqKey="Oh M">M.D. Oh</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Coleman, C M" uniqKey="Coleman C">C.M. Coleman</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Frieman, M B" uniqKey="Frieman M">M.B. Frieman</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Corman, V M" uniqKey="Corman V">V.M. Corman</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Albarrak, A M" uniqKey="Albarrak A">A.M. Albarrak</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Omrani, A S" uniqKey="Omrani A">A.S. Omrani</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Albarrak, M M" uniqKey="Albarrak M">M.M. Albarrak</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Farah, M E" uniqKey="Farah M">M.E. Farah</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Almasri, M" uniqKey="Almasri M">M. Almasri</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Muth, D" uniqKey="Muth D">D. Muth</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Sieberg, A" uniqKey="Sieberg A">A. Sieberg</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Meyer, B" uniqKey="Meyer B">B. Meyer</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Assiri, A M" uniqKey="Assiri A">A.M. Assiri</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Binger, T" uniqKey="Binger T">T. Binger</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Steinhagen, K" uniqKey="Steinhagen K">K. Steinhagen</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Lattwein, E" uniqKey="Lattwein E">E. Lattwein</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Al Tawfiq, J" uniqKey="Al Tawfiq J">J. Al-Tawfiq</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Muller, M A" uniqKey="Muller M">M.A. Müller</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Drosten, C" uniqKey="Drosten C">C. Drosten</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Memish, Z A" uniqKey="Memish Z">Z.A. Memish</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="De Groot, R J" uniqKey="De Groot R">R.J. de Groot</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Baker, S C" uniqKey="Baker S">S.C. Baker</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Baric, R S" uniqKey="Baric R">R.S. Baric</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Brown, C S" uniqKey="Brown C">C.S. Brown</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Drosten, C" uniqKey="Drosten C">C. Drosten</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Enjuanes, L" uniqKey="Enjuanes L">L. Enjuanes</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Fouchier, R A" uniqKey="Fouchier R">R.A. Fouchier</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Galiano, M" uniqKey="Galiano M">M. Galiano</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Gorbalenya, A E" uniqKey="Gorbalenya A">A.E. Gorbalenya</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Memish, Z A" uniqKey="Memish Z">Z.A. Memish</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Perlman, S" uniqKey="Perlman S">S. Perlman</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Poon, L L" uniqKey="Poon L">L.L. Poon</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Snijder, E J" uniqKey="Snijder E">E.J. Snijder</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Stephens, G M" uniqKey="Stephens G">G.M. Stephens</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Woo, P C" uniqKey="Woo P">P.C. Woo</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Zaki, A M" uniqKey="Zaki A">A.M. Zaki</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Zambon, M" uniqKey="Zambon M">M. Zambon</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ziebuhr, J" uniqKey="Ziebuhr J">J. Ziebuhr</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Drosten, C" uniqKey="Drosten C">C. Drosten</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Meyer, B" uniqKey="Meyer B">B. Meyer</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Muller, M A" uniqKey="Muller M">M.A. Muller</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Corman, V M" uniqKey="Corman V">V.M. Corman</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Al Masri, M" uniqKey="Al Masri M">M. Al-Masri</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hossain, R" uniqKey="Hossain R">R. Hossain</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Madani, H" uniqKey="Madani H">H. Madani</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Sieberg, A" uniqKey="Sieberg A">A. Sieberg</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Bosch, B J" uniqKey="Bosch B">B.J. Bosch</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Lattwein, E" uniqKey="Lattwein E">E. Lattwein</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Alhakeem, R F" uniqKey="Alhakeem R">R.F. Alhakeem</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Assiri, A M" uniqKey="Assiri A">A.M. Assiri</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hajomar, W" uniqKey="Hajomar W">W. Hajomar</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Albarrak, A M" uniqKey="Albarrak A">A.M. Albarrak</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Al Tawfiq, J A" uniqKey="Al Tawfiq J">J.A. Al-Tawfiq</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Zumla, A I" uniqKey="Zumla A">A.I. Zumla</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Memish, Z A" uniqKey="Memish Z">Z.A. Memish</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Fukuma, A" uniqKey="Fukuma A">A. Fukuma</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Tani, H" uniqKey="Tani H">H. Tani</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Taniguchi, S" uniqKey="Taniguchi S">S. Taniguchi</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Shimojima, M" uniqKey="Shimojima M">M. Shimojima</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Saijo, M" uniqKey="Saijo M">M. Saijo</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Fukushi, S" uniqKey="Fukushi S">S. Fukushi</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Fukushi, S" uniqKey="Fukushi S">S. Fukushi</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Fukuma, A" uniqKey="Fukuma A">A. Fukuma</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Kurosu, T" uniqKey="Kurosu T">T. Kurosu</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Watanabe, S" uniqKey="Watanabe S">S. Watanabe</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Shimojima, M" uniqKey="Shimojima M">M. Shimojima</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Shirato, K" uniqKey="Shirato K">K. Shirato</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Iwata Yoshikawa, N" uniqKey="Iwata Yoshikawa N">N. Iwata-Yoshikawa</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Nagata, N" uniqKey="Nagata N">N. Nagata</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ohnishi, K" uniqKey="Ohnishi K">K. Ohnishi</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ato, M" uniqKey="Ato M">M. Ato</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Melaku, S K" uniqKey="Melaku S">S.K. Melaku</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Sentsui, H" uniqKey="Sentsui H">H. Sentsui</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Saijo, M" uniqKey="Saijo M">M. Saijo</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Grehan, K" uniqKey="Grehan K">K. Grehan</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ferrara, F" uniqKey="Ferrara F">F. Ferrara</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Temperton, N" uniqKey="Temperton N">N. Temperton</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hemida, M G" uniqKey="Hemida M">M.G. Hemida</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Perera, R A" uniqKey="Perera R">R.A. Perera</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Al Jassim, R A" uniqKey="Al Jassim R">R.A. Al Jassim</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Kayali, G" uniqKey="Kayali G">G. Kayali</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Siu, L Y" uniqKey="Siu L">L.Y. Siu</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Wang, P" uniqKey="Wang P">P. Wang</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Chu, K W" uniqKey="Chu K">K.W. Chu</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Perlman, S" uniqKey="Perlman S">S. Perlman</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ali, M A" uniqKey="Ali M">M.A. Ali</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Alnaeem, A" uniqKey="Alnaeem A">A. Alnaeem</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Guan, Y" uniqKey="Guan Y">Y. Guan</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Poon, L L" uniqKey="Poon L">L.L. Poon</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Saif, L" uniqKey="Saif L">L. Saif</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Peiris, M" uniqKey="Peiris M">M. Peiris</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Meyer, B" uniqKey="Meyer B">B. Meyer</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Drosten, C" uniqKey="Drosten C">C. Drosten</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Muller, M A" uniqKey="Muller M">M.A. Muller</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Muller, M A" uniqKey="Muller M">M.A. Müller</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Meyer, B" uniqKey="Meyer B">B. Meyer</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Corman, V M" uniqKey="Corman V">V.M. Corman</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Al Masri, M" uniqKey="Al Masri M">M. Al-Masri</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Turkestani, A" uniqKey="Turkestani A">A. Turkestani</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ritz, D" uniqKey="Ritz D">D. Ritz</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Sieberg, A" uniqKey="Sieberg A">A. Sieberg</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Aldabbagh, S" uniqKey="Aldabbagh S">S. Aldabbagh</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Bosch, B J" uniqKey="Bosch B">B.J. Bosch</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Lattwein, E" uniqKey="Lattwein E">E. Lattwein</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Alhakeem, R F" uniqKey="Alhakeem R">R.F. Alhakeem</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Assiri, A M" uniqKey="Assiri A">A.M. Assiri</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Albarrak, A M" uniqKey="Albarrak A">A.M. Albarrak</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Al Shangiti, A M" uniqKey="Al Shangiti A">A.M. Al-Shangiti</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Al Tawfiq, J A" uniqKey="Al Tawfiq J">J.A. Al-Tawfiq</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Wikramaratna, P" uniqKey="Wikramaratna P">P. Wikramaratna</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Alrabeeah, A A" uniqKey="Alrabeeah A">A.A. Alrabeeah</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Drosten, C" uniqKey="Drosten C">C. Drosten</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Memish, Z A" uniqKey="Memish Z">Z.A. Memish</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Muth, D" uniqKey="Muth D">D. Muth</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Corman, V M" uniqKey="Corman V">V.M. Corman</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Meyer, B" uniqKey="Meyer B">B. Meyer</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Assiri, A" uniqKey="Assiri A">A. Assiri</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Al Masri, M" uniqKey="Al Masri M">M. Al-Masri</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Farah, M" uniqKey="Farah M">M. Farah</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Steinhagen, K" uniqKey="Steinhagen K">K. Steinhagen</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Lattwein, E" uniqKey="Lattwein E">E. Lattwein</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Al Tawfiq, J A" uniqKey="Al Tawfiq J">J.A. Al-Tawfiq</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Albarrak, A" uniqKey="Albarrak A">A. Albarrak</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Muller, M A" uniqKey="Muller M">M.A. Müller</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Drosten, C" uniqKey="Drosten C">C. Drosten</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Memish, Z A" uniqKey="Memish Z">Z.A. Memish</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Park, S W" uniqKey="Park S">S.W. Park</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Perera, R A P M" uniqKey="Perera R">R.A.P.M. Perera</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Choe, P G" uniqKey="Choe P">P.G. Choe</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Lau, E H Y" uniqKey="Lau E">E.H.Y. Lau</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Choi, S J" uniqKey="Choi S">S.J. Choi</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Chun, J Y" uniqKey="Chun J">J.Y. Chun</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Oh, H S" uniqKey="Oh H">H.S. Oh</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Song, K H" uniqKey="Song K">K.H. Song</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Bang, J H" uniqKey="Bang J">J.H. Bang</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Kim, E S" uniqKey="Kim E">E.S. Kim</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Kim, H B" uniqKey="Kim H">H.B. Kim</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Park, W B" uniqKey="Park W">W.B. Park</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Kim, N J" uniqKey="Kim N">N.J. Kim</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Poon, L L M" uniqKey="Poon L">L.L.M. Poon</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Peiris, M" uniqKey="Peiris M">M. Peiris</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Oh, M D" uniqKey="Oh M">M.d. Oh</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Perera, R A" uniqKey="Perera R">R.A. Perera</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Wang, P" uniqKey="Wang P">P. Wang</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Gomaa, M R" uniqKey="Gomaa M">M.R. Gomaa</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="El Shesheny, R" uniqKey="El Shesheny R">R. El-Shesheny</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Kandeil, A" uniqKey="Kandeil A">A. Kandeil</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Bagato, O" uniqKey="Bagato O">O. Bagato</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Siu, L Y" uniqKey="Siu L">L.Y. Siu</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Shehata, M M" uniqKey="Shehata M">M.M. Shehata</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Kayed, A S" uniqKey="Kayed A">A.S. Kayed</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Moatasim, Y" uniqKey="Moatasim Y">Y. Moatasim</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Li, M" uniqKey="Li M">M. Li</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Poon, L L" uniqKey="Poon L">L.L. Poon</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Guan, Y" uniqKey="Guan Y">Y. Guan</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Webby, R J" uniqKey="Webby R">R.J. Webby</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ali, M A" uniqKey="Ali M">M.A. Ali</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Peiris, J S" uniqKey="Peiris J">J.S. Peiris</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Kayali, G" uniqKey="Kayali G">G. Kayali</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Poissy, J" uniqKey="Poissy J">J. Poissy</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Goffard, A" uniqKey="Goffard A">A. Goffard</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Parmentier Decrucq, E" uniqKey="Parmentier Decrucq E">E. Parmentier-Decrucq</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Favory, R" uniqKey="Favory R">R. Favory</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Kauv, M" uniqKey="Kauv M">M. Kauv</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Kipnis, E" uniqKey="Kipnis E">E. Kipnis</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Mathieu, D" uniqKey="Mathieu D">D. Mathieu</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Van Der Werf, S" uniqKey="Van Der Werf S">S. van der Werf</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Guery, B" uniqKey="Guery B">B. Guery</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Reusken, C" uniqKey="Reusken C">C. Reusken</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Mou, H" uniqKey="Mou H">H. Mou</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Godeke, G J" uniqKey="Godeke G">G.J. Godeke</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Van Der Hoek, L" uniqKey="Van Der Hoek L">L. van der Hoek</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Meyer, B" uniqKey="Meyer B">B. Meyer</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Muller, M A" uniqKey="Muller M">M.A. Müller</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Haagmans, B" uniqKey="Haagmans B">B. Haagmans</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="De Sousa, R" uniqKey="De Sousa R">R. de Sousa</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Schuurman, N" uniqKey="Schuurman N">N. Schuurman</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Dittmer, U" uniqKey="Dittmer U">U. Dittmer</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Rottier, P" uniqKey="Rottier P">P. Rottier</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Osterhaus, A" uniqKey="Osterhaus A">A. Osterhaus</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Drosten, C" uniqKey="Drosten C">C. Drosten</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Bosch, B J" uniqKey="Bosch B">B.J. Bosch</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Koopmans, M" uniqKey="Koopmans M">M. Koopmans</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Trivedi, S" uniqKey="Trivedi S">S. Trivedi</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Miao, C" uniqKey="Miao C">C. Miao</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Al Abdallat, M M" uniqKey="Al Abdallat M">M.M. Al-Abdallat</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Haddadin, A" uniqKey="Haddadin A">A. Haddadin</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Alqasrawi, S" uniqKey="Alqasrawi S">S. Alqasrawi</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Iblan, I" uniqKey="Iblan I">I. Iblan</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Nsour, M A" uniqKey="Nsour M">M.A. Nsour</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Alsanouri, T" uniqKey="Alsanouri T">T. Alsanouri</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ali, S S" uniqKey="Ali S">S.S. Ali</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Rha, B" uniqKey="Rha B">B. Rha</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Gerber, S I" uniqKey="Gerber S">S.I. Gerber</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Payne, D C" uniqKey="Payne D">D.C. Payne</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Tamin, A" uniqKey="Tamin A">A. Tamin</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Thornburg, N J" uniqKey="Thornburg N">N.J. Thornburg</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Wang, W" uniqKey="Wang W">W. Wang</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Wang, H" uniqKey="Wang H">H. Wang</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Deng, Y" uniqKey="Deng Y">Y. Deng</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Song, T" uniqKey="Song T">T. Song</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Lan, J" uniqKey="Lan J">J. Lan</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Wu, G" uniqKey="Wu G">G. Wu</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ke, C" uniqKey="Ke C">C. Ke</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Tan, W" uniqKey="Tan W">W. Tan</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Who" uniqKey="Who">WHO</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Zaki, A M" uniqKey="Zaki A">A.M. Zaki</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Van Boheemen, S" uniqKey="Van Boheemen S">S. van Boheemen</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Bestebroer, T M" uniqKey="Bestebroer T">T.M. Bestebroer</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Osterhaus, A D" uniqKey="Osterhaus A">A.D. Osterhaus</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Fouchier, R A" uniqKey="Fouchier R">R.A. Fouchier</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Zhao, G" uniqKey="Zhao G">G. Zhao</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Du, L" uniqKey="Du L">L. Du</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ma, C" uniqKey="Ma C">C. Ma</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Li, Y" uniqKey="Li Y">Y. Li</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Li, L" uniqKey="Li L">L. Li</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Poon, V K" uniqKey="Poon V">V.K. Poon</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Wang, L" uniqKey="Wang L">L. Wang</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Yu, F" uniqKey="Yu F">F. Yu</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Zheng, B J" uniqKey="Zheng B">B.J. Zheng</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Jiang, S" uniqKey="Jiang S">S. Jiang</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Zhou, Y" uniqKey="Zhou Y">Y. Zhou</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Zhao, J" uniqKey="Zhao J">J. Zhao</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Alshukairi, A N" uniqKey="Alshukairi A">A.N. Alshukairi</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Baharoon, S A" uniqKey="Baharoon S">S.A. Baharoon</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ahmed, W A" uniqKey="Ahmed W">W.A. Ahmed</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Bokhari, A A" uniqKey="Bokhari A">A.A. Bokhari</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Nehdi, A M" uniqKey="Nehdi A">A.M. Nehdi</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Layqah, L A" uniqKey="Layqah L">L.A. Layqah</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Alghamdi, M G" uniqKey="Alghamdi M">M.G. Alghamdi</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Al Gethamy, M M" uniqKey="Al Gethamy M">M.M. Al Gethamy</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Dada, A M" uniqKey="Dada A">A.M. Dada</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Khalid, I" uniqKey="Khalid I">I. Khalid</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Boujelal, M" uniqKey="Boujelal M">M. Boujelal</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Al Johani, S M" uniqKey="Al Johani S">S.M. Al Johani</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Vogel, L" uniqKey="Vogel L">L. Vogel</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Subbarao, K" uniqKey="Subbarao K">K. Subbarao</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Mangalam, A" uniqKey="Mangalam A">A. Mangalam</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Wu, C" uniqKey="Wu C">C. Wu</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ten Eyck, P" uniqKey="Ten Eyck P">P. Ten Eyck</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Perlman, S" uniqKey="Perlman S">S. Perlman</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Zhao, J" uniqKey="Zhao J">J. Zhao</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
</listBibl>
</div1>
</back>
</TEI>
<double pmid="30659836">
<pmc>
<TEI>
<teiHeader>
<fileDesc>
<titleStmt>
<title xml:lang="en">Development and validation of different indirect ELISAs for MERS-CoV serological testing</title>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hashem, Anwar M" sort="Hashem, Anwar M" uniqKey="Hashem A" first="Anwar M." last="Hashem">Anwar M. Hashem</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0005">Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0010">Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Al Amri, Sawsan S" sort="Al Amri, Sawsan S" uniqKey="Al Amri S" first="Sawsan S." last="Al-Amri">Sawsan S. Al-Amri</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0005">Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Al Subhi, Tagreed L" sort="Al Subhi, Tagreed L" uniqKey="Al Subhi T" first="Tagreed L." last="Al-Subhi">Tagreed L. Al-Subhi</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0005">Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Siddiq, Loai A" sort="Siddiq, Loai A" uniqKey="Siddiq L" first="Loai A." last="Siddiq">Loai A. Siddiq</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0005">Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hassan, Ahmed M" sort="Hassan, Ahmed M" uniqKey="Hassan A" first="Ahmed M." last="Hassan">Ahmed M. Hassan</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0005">Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Alawi, Maha M" sort="Alawi, Maha M" uniqKey="Alawi M" first="Maha M." last="Alawi">Maha M. Alawi</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0005">Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0010">Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0015">Infection Control & Environmental Health Unit, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Infection Control & Environmental Health Unit, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Alhabbab, Rowa Y" sort="Alhabbab, Rowa Y" uniqKey="Alhabbab R" first="Rowa Y." last="Alhabbab">Rowa Y. Alhabbab</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0005">Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0020">Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hindawi, Salwa I" sort="Hindawi, Salwa I" uniqKey="Hindawi S" first="Salwa I." last="Hindawi">Salwa I. Hindawi</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0005">Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0025">Blood Transfusion Services, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Blood Transfusion Services, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0030">Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Mohammed, Osama B" sort="Mohammed, Osama B" uniqKey="Mohammed O" first="Osama B." last="Mohammed">Osama B. Mohammed</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0035">KSU Mammals Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>KSU Mammals Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Riyadh</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Amor, Nabil S" sort="Amor, Nabil S" uniqKey="Amor N" first="Nabil S." last="Amor">Nabil S. Amor</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0035">KSU Mammals Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>KSU Mammals Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Riyadh</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Alagaili, Abdulaziz N" sort="Alagaili, Abdulaziz N" uniqKey="Alagaili A" first="Abdulaziz N." last="Alagaili">Abdulaziz N. Alagaili</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0035">KSU Mammals Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>KSU Mammals Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Riyadh</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Mirza, Ahmed A" sort="Mirza, Ahmed A" uniqKey="Mirza A" first="Ahmed A." last="Mirza">Ahmed A. Mirza</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0020">Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Azhar, Esam I" sort="Azhar, Esam I" uniqKey="Azhar E" first="Esam I." last="Azhar">Esam I. Azhar</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0005">Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0020">Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt>
<idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno>
<idno type="pmid">30659836</idno>
<idno type="pmc">7094657</idno>
<idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7094657</idno>
<idno type="RBID">PMC:7094657</idno>
<idno type="doi">10.1016/j.jim.2019.01.005</idno>
<date when="2019">2019</date>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000E13</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000E13</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000E13</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">000E13</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000346</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000346</idno>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Development and validation of different indirect ELISAs for MERS-CoV serological testing</title>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hashem, Anwar M" sort="Hashem, Anwar M" uniqKey="Hashem A" first="Anwar M." last="Hashem">Anwar M. Hashem</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0005">Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0010">Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Al Amri, Sawsan S" sort="Al Amri, Sawsan S" uniqKey="Al Amri S" first="Sawsan S." last="Al-Amri">Sawsan S. Al-Amri</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0005">Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Al Subhi, Tagreed L" sort="Al Subhi, Tagreed L" uniqKey="Al Subhi T" first="Tagreed L." last="Al-Subhi">Tagreed L. Al-Subhi</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0005">Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Siddiq, Loai A" sort="Siddiq, Loai A" uniqKey="Siddiq L" first="Loai A." last="Siddiq">Loai A. Siddiq</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0005">Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hassan, Ahmed M" sort="Hassan, Ahmed M" uniqKey="Hassan A" first="Ahmed M." last="Hassan">Ahmed M. Hassan</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0005">Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Alawi, Maha M" sort="Alawi, Maha M" uniqKey="Alawi M" first="Maha M." last="Alawi">Maha M. Alawi</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0005">Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0010">Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0015">Infection Control & Environmental Health Unit, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Infection Control & Environmental Health Unit, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Alhabbab, Rowa Y" sort="Alhabbab, Rowa Y" uniqKey="Alhabbab R" first="Rowa Y." last="Alhabbab">Rowa Y. Alhabbab</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0005">Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0020">Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hindawi, Salwa I" sort="Hindawi, Salwa I" uniqKey="Hindawi S" first="Salwa I." last="Hindawi">Salwa I. Hindawi</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0005">Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0025">Blood Transfusion Services, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Blood Transfusion Services, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0030">Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Mohammed, Osama B" sort="Mohammed, Osama B" uniqKey="Mohammed O" first="Osama B." last="Mohammed">Osama B. Mohammed</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0035">KSU Mammals Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>KSU Mammals Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Riyadh</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Amor, Nabil S" sort="Amor, Nabil S" uniqKey="Amor N" first="Nabil S." last="Amor">Nabil S. Amor</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0035">KSU Mammals Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>KSU Mammals Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Riyadh</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Alagaili, Abdulaziz N" sort="Alagaili, Abdulaziz N" uniqKey="Alagaili A" first="Abdulaziz N." last="Alagaili">Abdulaziz N. Alagaili</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0035">KSU Mammals Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>KSU Mammals Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Riyadh</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Mirza, Ahmed A" sort="Mirza, Ahmed A" uniqKey="Mirza A" first="Ahmed A." last="Mirza">Ahmed A. Mirza</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0020">Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Azhar, Esam I" sort="Azhar, Esam I" uniqKey="Azhar E" first="Esam I." last="Azhar">Esam I. Azhar</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0005">Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="af0020">Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series>
<title level="j">Journal of Immunological Methods</title>
<idno type="ISSN">0022-1759</idno>
<idno type="eISSN">1872-7905</idno>
<imprint>
<date when="2019">2019</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc>
<textClass></textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">
<p>Since 2012, MERS-CoV has caused up to 2220 cases and 790 deaths in 27 countries with Saudi Arabia being the most affected country with ~83.1% of the cases and ~38.8% local death rate. Current serological assays such as microneutralization (MN), plaque reduction neutralization, immunofluorescence, protein microarray or pseudoparticle neutralization assays rely on handling of live MERS-CoV in high containment laboratories or need for expensive and special equipment and reagents and highly trained personnel which represent a technical hurdle for most laboratories in resource-limited MERS-CoV endemic countries. Here, we developed, compared and evaluated three different indirect ELISAs based on MERS-CoV nucleocapsid protein (N), spike (S) ectodomain (amino acids 1–1297) and S1 subunit (amino acids 1–725) and compared them with MN assay. The developed ELISAs were evaluated using large number of confirmed seropositive (79 samples) and seronegative (274 samples) MERS-CoV human serum samples. Both rS1- and rS-ELISAs maintained high sensitivity and specificity (≥90%) across a wider range of OD values compared to rN-ELISA. Moreover, rS1- and rS-based ELISAs showed better agreement and correlation with MN assay in contrast to rN-ELISA. Collectively, our data demonstrate that rS1-ELISA and rS-ELISA are more reliable than rN-ELISA and represent a suitable choice for seroepidemiological testing and surveillance in MERS-CoV endemic regions.</p>
</div>
</front>
<back>
<div1 type="bibliography">
<listBibl>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Agnihothram, S" uniqKey="Agnihothram S">S. Agnihothram</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Gopal, R" uniqKey="Gopal R">R. Gopal</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Yount, B L Jr" uniqKey="Yount B">B.L.Jr. Yount</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Donaldson, E F" uniqKey="Donaldson E">E.F. Donaldson</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Menachery, V D" uniqKey="Menachery V">V.D. Menachery</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Graham, R L" uniqKey="Graham R">R.L. Graham</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Scobey, T D" uniqKey="Scobey T">T.D. Scobey</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Gralinski, L E" uniqKey="Gralinski L">L.E. Gralinski</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Denison, M R" uniqKey="Denison M">M.R. Denison</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Zambon, M" uniqKey="Zambon M">M. Zambon</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Baric, R S" uniqKey="Baric R">R.S. Baric</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Al Abdallat, M M" uniqKey="Al Abdallat M">M.M. Al-Abdallat</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Payne, D C" uniqKey="Payne D">D.C. Payne</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Alqasrawi, S" uniqKey="Alqasrawi S">S. Alqasrawi</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Rha, B" uniqKey="Rha B">B. Rha</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Tohme, R A" uniqKey="Tohme R">R.A. Tohme</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Abedi, G R" uniqKey="Abedi G">G.R. Abedi</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Al Nsour, M" uniqKey="Al Nsour M">M. Al Nsour</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Iblan, I" uniqKey="Iblan I">I. Iblan</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Jarour, N" uniqKey="Jarour N">N. Jarour</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Farag, N H" uniqKey="Farag N">N.H. Farag</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Haddadin, A" uniqKey="Haddadin A">A. Haddadin</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Al Sanouri, T" uniqKey="Al Sanouri T">T. Al-Sanouri</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Tamin, A" uniqKey="Tamin A">A. Tamin</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Harcourt, J L" uniqKey="Harcourt J">J.L. Harcourt</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Kuhar, D T" uniqKey="Kuhar D">D.T. Kuhar</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Swerdlow, D L" uniqKey="Swerdlow D">D.L. Swerdlow</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Erdman, D D" uniqKey="Erdman D">D.D. Erdman</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Pallansch, M A" uniqKey="Pallansch M">M.A. Pallansch</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Haynes, L M" uniqKey="Haynes L">L.M. Haynes</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Gerber, S I" uniqKey="Gerber S">S.I. Gerber</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Alagaili, A N" uniqKey="Alagaili A">A.N. Alagaili</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Briese, T" uniqKey="Briese T">T. Briese</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Mishra, N" uniqKey="Mishra N">N. Mishra</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Kapoor, V" uniqKey="Kapoor V">V. Kapoor</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Sameroff, S C" uniqKey="Sameroff S">S.C. Sameroff</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Burbelo, P D" uniqKey="Burbelo P">P.D. Burbelo</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="De Wit, E" uniqKey="De Wit E">E. de Wit</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Munster, V J" uniqKey="Munster V">V.J. Munster</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hensley, L E" uniqKey="Hensley L">L.E. Hensley</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Zalmout, I S" uniqKey="Zalmout I">I.S. Zalmout</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Kapoor, A" uniqKey="Kapoor A">A. Kapoor</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Epstein, J H" uniqKey="Epstein J">J.H. Epstein</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Karesh, W B" uniqKey="Karesh W">W.B. Karesh</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Daszak, P" uniqKey="Daszak P">P. Daszak</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Mohammed, O B" uniqKey="Mohammed O">O.B. Mohammed</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Lipkin, W I" uniqKey="Lipkin W">W.I. Lipkin</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Al Amri, S S" uniqKey="Al Amri S">S.S. Al-Amri</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Abbas, A T" uniqKey="Abbas A">A.T. Abbas</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Siddiq, L A" uniqKey="Siddiq L">L.A. Siddiq</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Alghamdi, A" uniqKey="Alghamdi A">A. Alghamdi</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Sanki, M A" uniqKey="Sanki M">M.A. Sanki</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Al Muhanna, M K" uniqKey="Al Muhanna M">M.K. Al-Muhanna</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Alhabbab, R Y" uniqKey="Alhabbab R">R.Y. Alhabbab</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Azhar, E I" uniqKey="Azhar E">E.I. Azhar</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Li, X" uniqKey="Li X">X. Li</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hashem, A M" uniqKey="Hashem A">A.M. Hashem</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Alshukairi, A N" uniqKey="Alshukairi A">A.N. Alshukairi</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Khalid, I" uniqKey="Khalid I">I. Khalid</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ahmed, W A" uniqKey="Ahmed W">W.A. Ahmed</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Dada, A M" uniqKey="Dada A">A.M. Dada</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Bayumi, D T" uniqKey="Bayumi D">D.T. Bayumi</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Malic, L S" uniqKey="Malic L">L.S. Malic</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Althawadi, S" uniqKey="Althawadi S">S. Althawadi</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ignacio, K" uniqKey="Ignacio K">K. Ignacio</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Alsalmi, H S" uniqKey="Alsalmi H">H.S. Alsalmi</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Al Abdely, H M" uniqKey="Al Abdely H">H.M. Al-Abdely</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Wali, G Y" uniqKey="Wali G">G.Y. Wali</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Qushmaq, I A" uniqKey="Qushmaq I">I.A. Qushmaq</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Alraddadi, B M" uniqKey="Alraddadi B">B.M. Alraddadi</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Perlman, S" uniqKey="Perlman S">S. Perlman</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Alshukairi, A N" uniqKey="Alshukairi A">A.N. Alshukairi</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Zheng, J" uniqKey="Zheng J">J. Zheng</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Zhao, J" uniqKey="Zhao J">J. Zhao</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Nehdi, A" uniqKey="Nehdi A">A. Nehdi</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Baharoon, S A" uniqKey="Baharoon S">S.A. Baharoon</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Layqah, L" uniqKey="Layqah L">L. Layqah</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Bokhari, A" uniqKey="Bokhari A">A. Bokhari</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Al Johani, S M" uniqKey="Al Johani S">S.M. Al Johani</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Samman, N" uniqKey="Samman N">N. Samman</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Boudjelal, M" uniqKey="Boudjelal M">M. Boudjelal</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ten Eyck, P" uniqKey="Ten Eyck P">P. Ten Eyck</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Al Mozaini, M A" uniqKey="Al Mozaini M">M.A. Al-Mozaini</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Zhao, J" uniqKey="Zhao J">J. Zhao</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Perlman, S" uniqKey="Perlman S">S. Perlman</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Alagaili, A N" uniqKey="Alagaili A">A.N. Alagaili</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Azhar, E I" uniqKey="Azhar E">E.I. Azhar</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="El Kafrawy, S A" uniqKey="El Kafrawy S">S.A. El-Kafrawy</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Farraj, S A" uniqKey="Farraj S">S.A. Farraj</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hassan, A M" uniqKey="Hassan A">A.M. Hassan</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Al Saeed, M S" uniqKey="Al Saeed M">M.S. Al-Saeed</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hashem, A M" uniqKey="Hashem A">A.M. Hashem</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Madani, T A" uniqKey="Madani T">T.A. Madani</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Chan, J F" uniqKey="Chan J">J.F. Chan</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Sridhar, S" uniqKey="Sridhar S">S. Sridhar</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Yip, C C" uniqKey="Yip C">C.C. Yip</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Lau, S K" uniqKey="Lau S">S.K. Lau</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Woo, P C" uniqKey="Woo P">P.C. Woo</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Chen, Y" uniqKey="Chen Y">Y. Chen</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Chan, K H" uniqKey="Chan K">K.H. Chan</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Kang, Y" uniqKey="Kang Y">Y. Kang</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Chen, H" uniqKey="Chen H">H. Chen</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Luk, H K" uniqKey="Luk H">H.K. Luk</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Poon, R W" uniqKey="Poon R">R.W. Poon</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Chan, J F" uniqKey="Chan J">J.F. Chan</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Yuen, K Y" uniqKey="Yuen K">K.Y. Yuen</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Xia, N" uniqKey="Xia N">N. Xia</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Lau, S K" uniqKey="Lau S">S.K. Lau</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Woo, P C" uniqKey="Woo P">P.C. Woo</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Choe, P G" uniqKey="Choe P">P.G. Choe</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Perera, R A P M" uniqKey="Perera R">R.A.P.M. Perera</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Park, W B" uniqKey="Park W">W.B. Park</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Song, K H" uniqKey="Song K">K.H. Song</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Bang, J H" uniqKey="Bang J">J.H. Bang</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Kim, E S" uniqKey="Kim E">E.S. Kim</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Kim, H B" uniqKey="Kim H">H.B. Kim</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ko, L W R" uniqKey="Ko L">L.W.R. Ko</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Park, S W" uniqKey="Park S">S.W. Park</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Kim, N J" uniqKey="Kim N">N.J. Kim</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Lau, E H Y" uniqKey="Lau E">E.H.Y. Lau</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Poon, L L M" uniqKey="Poon L">L.L.M. Poon</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Peiris, M" uniqKey="Peiris M">M. Peiris</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Oh, M D" uniqKey="Oh M">M.D. Oh</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Coleman, C M" uniqKey="Coleman C">C.M. Coleman</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Frieman, M B" uniqKey="Frieman M">M.B. Frieman</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Corman, V M" uniqKey="Corman V">V.M. Corman</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Albarrak, A M" uniqKey="Albarrak A">A.M. Albarrak</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Omrani, A S" uniqKey="Omrani A">A.S. Omrani</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Albarrak, M M" uniqKey="Albarrak M">M.M. Albarrak</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Farah, M E" uniqKey="Farah M">M.E. Farah</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Almasri, M" uniqKey="Almasri M">M. Almasri</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Muth, D" uniqKey="Muth D">D. Muth</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Sieberg, A" uniqKey="Sieberg A">A. Sieberg</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Meyer, B" uniqKey="Meyer B">B. Meyer</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Assiri, A M" uniqKey="Assiri A">A.M. Assiri</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Binger, T" uniqKey="Binger T">T. Binger</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Steinhagen, K" uniqKey="Steinhagen K">K. Steinhagen</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Lattwein, E" uniqKey="Lattwein E">E. Lattwein</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Al Tawfiq, J" uniqKey="Al Tawfiq J">J. Al-Tawfiq</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Muller, M A" uniqKey="Muller M">M.A. Müller</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Drosten, C" uniqKey="Drosten C">C. Drosten</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Memish, Z A" uniqKey="Memish Z">Z.A. Memish</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="De Groot, R J" uniqKey="De Groot R">R.J. de Groot</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Baker, S C" uniqKey="Baker S">S.C. Baker</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Baric, R S" uniqKey="Baric R">R.S. Baric</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Brown, C S" uniqKey="Brown C">C.S. Brown</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Drosten, C" uniqKey="Drosten C">C. Drosten</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Enjuanes, L" uniqKey="Enjuanes L">L. Enjuanes</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Fouchier, R A" uniqKey="Fouchier R">R.A. Fouchier</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Galiano, M" uniqKey="Galiano M">M. Galiano</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Gorbalenya, A E" uniqKey="Gorbalenya A">A.E. Gorbalenya</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Memish, Z A" uniqKey="Memish Z">Z.A. Memish</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Perlman, S" uniqKey="Perlman S">S. Perlman</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Poon, L L" uniqKey="Poon L">L.L. Poon</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Snijder, E J" uniqKey="Snijder E">E.J. Snijder</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Stephens, G M" uniqKey="Stephens G">G.M. Stephens</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Woo, P C" uniqKey="Woo P">P.C. Woo</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Zaki, A M" uniqKey="Zaki A">A.M. Zaki</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Zambon, M" uniqKey="Zambon M">M. Zambon</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ziebuhr, J" uniqKey="Ziebuhr J">J. Ziebuhr</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Drosten, C" uniqKey="Drosten C">C. Drosten</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Meyer, B" uniqKey="Meyer B">B. Meyer</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Muller, M A" uniqKey="Muller M">M.A. Muller</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Corman, V M" uniqKey="Corman V">V.M. Corman</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Al Masri, M" uniqKey="Al Masri M">M. Al-Masri</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hossain, R" uniqKey="Hossain R">R. Hossain</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Madani, H" uniqKey="Madani H">H. Madani</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Sieberg, A" uniqKey="Sieberg A">A. Sieberg</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Bosch, B J" uniqKey="Bosch B">B.J. Bosch</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Lattwein, E" uniqKey="Lattwein E">E. Lattwein</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Alhakeem, R F" uniqKey="Alhakeem R">R.F. Alhakeem</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Assiri, A M" uniqKey="Assiri A">A.M. Assiri</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hajomar, W" uniqKey="Hajomar W">W. Hajomar</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Albarrak, A M" uniqKey="Albarrak A">A.M. Albarrak</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Al Tawfiq, J A" uniqKey="Al Tawfiq J">J.A. Al-Tawfiq</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Zumla, A I" uniqKey="Zumla A">A.I. Zumla</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Memish, Z A" uniqKey="Memish Z">Z.A. Memish</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Fukuma, A" uniqKey="Fukuma A">A. Fukuma</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Tani, H" uniqKey="Tani H">H. Tani</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Taniguchi, S" uniqKey="Taniguchi S">S. Taniguchi</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Shimojima, M" uniqKey="Shimojima M">M. Shimojima</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Saijo, M" uniqKey="Saijo M">M. Saijo</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Fukushi, S" uniqKey="Fukushi S">S. Fukushi</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Fukushi, S" uniqKey="Fukushi S">S. Fukushi</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Fukuma, A" uniqKey="Fukuma A">A. Fukuma</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Kurosu, T" uniqKey="Kurosu T">T. Kurosu</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Watanabe, S" uniqKey="Watanabe S">S. Watanabe</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Shimojima, M" uniqKey="Shimojima M">M. Shimojima</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Shirato, K" uniqKey="Shirato K">K. Shirato</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Iwata Yoshikawa, N" uniqKey="Iwata Yoshikawa N">N. Iwata-Yoshikawa</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Nagata, N" uniqKey="Nagata N">N. Nagata</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ohnishi, K" uniqKey="Ohnishi K">K. Ohnishi</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ato, M" uniqKey="Ato M">M. Ato</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Melaku, S K" uniqKey="Melaku S">S.K. Melaku</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Sentsui, H" uniqKey="Sentsui H">H. Sentsui</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Saijo, M" uniqKey="Saijo M">M. Saijo</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Grehan, K" uniqKey="Grehan K">K. Grehan</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ferrara, F" uniqKey="Ferrara F">F. Ferrara</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Temperton, N" uniqKey="Temperton N">N. Temperton</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hemida, M G" uniqKey="Hemida M">M.G. Hemida</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Perera, R A" uniqKey="Perera R">R.A. Perera</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Al Jassim, R A" uniqKey="Al Jassim R">R.A. Al Jassim</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Kayali, G" uniqKey="Kayali G">G. Kayali</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Siu, L Y" uniqKey="Siu L">L.Y. Siu</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Wang, P" uniqKey="Wang P">P. Wang</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Chu, K W" uniqKey="Chu K">K.W. Chu</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Perlman, S" uniqKey="Perlman S">S. Perlman</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ali, M A" uniqKey="Ali M">M.A. Ali</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Alnaeem, A" uniqKey="Alnaeem A">A. Alnaeem</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Guan, Y" uniqKey="Guan Y">Y. Guan</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Poon, L L" uniqKey="Poon L">L.L. Poon</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Saif, L" uniqKey="Saif L">L. Saif</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Peiris, M" uniqKey="Peiris M">M. Peiris</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Meyer, B" uniqKey="Meyer B">B. Meyer</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Drosten, C" uniqKey="Drosten C">C. Drosten</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Muller, M A" uniqKey="Muller M">M.A. Muller</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Muller, M A" uniqKey="Muller M">M.A. Müller</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Meyer, B" uniqKey="Meyer B">B. Meyer</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Corman, V M" uniqKey="Corman V">V.M. Corman</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Al Masri, M" uniqKey="Al Masri M">M. Al-Masri</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Turkestani, A" uniqKey="Turkestani A">A. Turkestani</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ritz, D" uniqKey="Ritz D">D. Ritz</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Sieberg, A" uniqKey="Sieberg A">A. Sieberg</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Aldabbagh, S" uniqKey="Aldabbagh S">S. Aldabbagh</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Bosch, B J" uniqKey="Bosch B">B.J. Bosch</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Lattwein, E" uniqKey="Lattwein E">E. Lattwein</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Alhakeem, R F" uniqKey="Alhakeem R">R.F. Alhakeem</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Assiri, A M" uniqKey="Assiri A">A.M. Assiri</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Albarrak, A M" uniqKey="Albarrak A">A.M. Albarrak</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Al Shangiti, A M" uniqKey="Al Shangiti A">A.M. Al-Shangiti</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Al Tawfiq, J A" uniqKey="Al Tawfiq J">J.A. Al-Tawfiq</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Wikramaratna, P" uniqKey="Wikramaratna P">P. Wikramaratna</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Alrabeeah, A A" uniqKey="Alrabeeah A">A.A. Alrabeeah</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Drosten, C" uniqKey="Drosten C">C. Drosten</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Memish, Z A" uniqKey="Memish Z">Z.A. Memish</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Muth, D" uniqKey="Muth D">D. Muth</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Corman, V M" uniqKey="Corman V">V.M. Corman</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Meyer, B" uniqKey="Meyer B">B. Meyer</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Assiri, A" uniqKey="Assiri A">A. Assiri</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Al Masri, M" uniqKey="Al Masri M">M. Al-Masri</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Farah, M" uniqKey="Farah M">M. Farah</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Steinhagen, K" uniqKey="Steinhagen K">K. Steinhagen</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Lattwein, E" uniqKey="Lattwein E">E. Lattwein</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Al Tawfiq, J A" uniqKey="Al Tawfiq J">J.A. Al-Tawfiq</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Albarrak, A" uniqKey="Albarrak A">A. Albarrak</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Muller, M A" uniqKey="Muller M">M.A. Müller</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Drosten, C" uniqKey="Drosten C">C. Drosten</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Memish, Z A" uniqKey="Memish Z">Z.A. Memish</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Park, S W" uniqKey="Park S">S.W. Park</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Perera, R A P M" uniqKey="Perera R">R.A.P.M. Perera</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Choe, P G" uniqKey="Choe P">P.G. Choe</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Lau, E H Y" uniqKey="Lau E">E.H.Y. Lau</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Choi, S J" uniqKey="Choi S">S.J. Choi</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Chun, J Y" uniqKey="Chun J">J.Y. Chun</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Oh, H S" uniqKey="Oh H">H.S. Oh</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Song, K H" uniqKey="Song K">K.H. Song</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Bang, J H" uniqKey="Bang J">J.H. Bang</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Kim, E S" uniqKey="Kim E">E.S. Kim</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Kim, H B" uniqKey="Kim H">H.B. Kim</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Park, W B" uniqKey="Park W">W.B. Park</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Kim, N J" uniqKey="Kim N">N.J. Kim</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Poon, L L M" uniqKey="Poon L">L.L.M. Poon</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Peiris, M" uniqKey="Peiris M">M. Peiris</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Oh, M D" uniqKey="Oh M">M.d. Oh</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Perera, R A" uniqKey="Perera R">R.A. Perera</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Wang, P" uniqKey="Wang P">P. Wang</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Gomaa, M R" uniqKey="Gomaa M">M.R. Gomaa</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="El Shesheny, R" uniqKey="El Shesheny R">R. El-Shesheny</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Kandeil, A" uniqKey="Kandeil A">A. Kandeil</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Bagato, O" uniqKey="Bagato O">O. Bagato</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Siu, L Y" uniqKey="Siu L">L.Y. Siu</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Shehata, M M" uniqKey="Shehata M">M.M. Shehata</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Kayed, A S" uniqKey="Kayed A">A.S. Kayed</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Moatasim, Y" uniqKey="Moatasim Y">Y. Moatasim</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Li, M" uniqKey="Li M">M. Li</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Poon, L L" uniqKey="Poon L">L.L. Poon</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Guan, Y" uniqKey="Guan Y">Y. Guan</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Webby, R J" uniqKey="Webby R">R.J. Webby</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ali, M A" uniqKey="Ali M">M.A. Ali</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Peiris, J S" uniqKey="Peiris J">J.S. Peiris</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Kayali, G" uniqKey="Kayali G">G. Kayali</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Poissy, J" uniqKey="Poissy J">J. Poissy</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Goffard, A" uniqKey="Goffard A">A. Goffard</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Parmentier Decrucq, E" uniqKey="Parmentier Decrucq E">E. Parmentier-Decrucq</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Favory, R" uniqKey="Favory R">R. Favory</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Kauv, M" uniqKey="Kauv M">M. Kauv</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Kipnis, E" uniqKey="Kipnis E">E. Kipnis</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Mathieu, D" uniqKey="Mathieu D">D. Mathieu</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Van Der Werf, S" uniqKey="Van Der Werf S">S. van der Werf</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Guery, B" uniqKey="Guery B">B. Guery</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Reusken, C" uniqKey="Reusken C">C. Reusken</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Mou, H" uniqKey="Mou H">H. Mou</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Godeke, G J" uniqKey="Godeke G">G.J. Godeke</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Van Der Hoek, L" uniqKey="Van Der Hoek L">L. van der Hoek</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Meyer, B" uniqKey="Meyer B">B. Meyer</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Muller, M A" uniqKey="Muller M">M.A. Müller</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Haagmans, B" uniqKey="Haagmans B">B. Haagmans</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="De Sousa, R" uniqKey="De Sousa R">R. de Sousa</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Schuurman, N" uniqKey="Schuurman N">N. Schuurman</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Dittmer, U" uniqKey="Dittmer U">U. Dittmer</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Rottier, P" uniqKey="Rottier P">P. Rottier</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Osterhaus, A" uniqKey="Osterhaus A">A. Osterhaus</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Drosten, C" uniqKey="Drosten C">C. Drosten</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Bosch, B J" uniqKey="Bosch B">B.J. Bosch</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Koopmans, M" uniqKey="Koopmans M">M. Koopmans</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Trivedi, S" uniqKey="Trivedi S">S. Trivedi</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Miao, C" uniqKey="Miao C">C. Miao</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Al Abdallat, M M" uniqKey="Al Abdallat M">M.M. Al-Abdallat</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Haddadin, A" uniqKey="Haddadin A">A. Haddadin</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Alqasrawi, S" uniqKey="Alqasrawi S">S. Alqasrawi</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Iblan, I" uniqKey="Iblan I">I. Iblan</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Nsour, M A" uniqKey="Nsour M">M.A. Nsour</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Alsanouri, T" uniqKey="Alsanouri T">T. Alsanouri</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ali, S S" uniqKey="Ali S">S.S. Ali</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Rha, B" uniqKey="Rha B">B. Rha</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Gerber, S I" uniqKey="Gerber S">S.I. Gerber</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Payne, D C" uniqKey="Payne D">D.C. Payne</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Tamin, A" uniqKey="Tamin A">A. Tamin</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Thornburg, N J" uniqKey="Thornburg N">N.J. Thornburg</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Wang, W" uniqKey="Wang W">W. Wang</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Wang, H" uniqKey="Wang H">H. Wang</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Deng, Y" uniqKey="Deng Y">Y. Deng</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Song, T" uniqKey="Song T">T. Song</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Lan, J" uniqKey="Lan J">J. Lan</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Wu, G" uniqKey="Wu G">G. Wu</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ke, C" uniqKey="Ke C">C. Ke</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Tan, W" uniqKey="Tan W">W. Tan</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Who" uniqKey="Who">WHO</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Zaki, A M" uniqKey="Zaki A">A.M. Zaki</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Van Boheemen, S" uniqKey="Van Boheemen S">S. van Boheemen</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Bestebroer, T M" uniqKey="Bestebroer T">T.M. Bestebroer</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Osterhaus, A D" uniqKey="Osterhaus A">A.D. Osterhaus</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Fouchier, R A" uniqKey="Fouchier R">R.A. Fouchier</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Zhao, G" uniqKey="Zhao G">G. Zhao</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Du, L" uniqKey="Du L">L. Du</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ma, C" uniqKey="Ma C">C. Ma</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Li, Y" uniqKey="Li Y">Y. Li</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Li, L" uniqKey="Li L">L. Li</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Poon, V K" uniqKey="Poon V">V.K. Poon</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Wang, L" uniqKey="Wang L">L. Wang</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Yu, F" uniqKey="Yu F">F. Yu</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Zheng, B J" uniqKey="Zheng B">B.J. Zheng</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Jiang, S" uniqKey="Jiang S">S. Jiang</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Zhou, Y" uniqKey="Zhou Y">Y. Zhou</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Zhao, J" uniqKey="Zhao J">J. Zhao</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Alshukairi, A N" uniqKey="Alshukairi A">A.N. Alshukairi</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Baharoon, S A" uniqKey="Baharoon S">S.A. Baharoon</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ahmed, W A" uniqKey="Ahmed W">W.A. Ahmed</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Bokhari, A A" uniqKey="Bokhari A">A.A. Bokhari</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Nehdi, A M" uniqKey="Nehdi A">A.M. Nehdi</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Layqah, L A" uniqKey="Layqah L">L.A. Layqah</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Alghamdi, M G" uniqKey="Alghamdi M">M.G. Alghamdi</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Al Gethamy, M M" uniqKey="Al Gethamy M">M.M. Al Gethamy</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Dada, A M" uniqKey="Dada A">A.M. Dada</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Khalid, I" uniqKey="Khalid I">I. Khalid</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Boujelal, M" uniqKey="Boujelal M">M. Boujelal</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Al Johani, S M" uniqKey="Al Johani S">S.M. Al Johani</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Vogel, L" uniqKey="Vogel L">L. Vogel</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Subbarao, K" uniqKey="Subbarao K">K. Subbarao</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Mangalam, A" uniqKey="Mangalam A">A. Mangalam</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Wu, C" uniqKey="Wu C">C. Wu</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ten Eyck, P" uniqKey="Ten Eyck P">P. Ten Eyck</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Perlman, S" uniqKey="Perlman S">S. Perlman</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Zhao, J" uniqKey="Zhao J">J. Zhao</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
</listBibl>
</div1>
</back>
</TEI>
</pmc>
<pubmed>
<TEI>
<teiHeader>
<fileDesc>
<titleStmt>
<title xml:lang="en">Development and validation of different indirect ELISAs for MERS-CoV serological testing.</title>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hashem, Anwar M" sort="Hashem, Anwar M" uniqKey="Hashem A" first="Anwar M" last="Hashem">Anwar M. Hashem</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:affiliation>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: amhashem@kau.edu.sa.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Al Amri, Sawsan S" sort="Al Amri, Sawsan S" uniqKey="Al Amri S" first="Sawsan S" last="Al-Amri">Sawsan S. Al-Amri</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:affiliation>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Al Subhi, Tagreed L" sort="Al Subhi, Tagreed L" uniqKey="Al Subhi T" first="Tagreed L" last="Al-Subhi">Tagreed L. Al-Subhi</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:affiliation>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Siddiq, Loai A" sort="Siddiq, Loai A" uniqKey="Siddiq L" first="Loai A" last="Siddiq">Loai A. Siddiq</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:affiliation>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hassan, Ahmed M" sort="Hassan, Ahmed M" uniqKey="Hassan A" first="Ahmed M" last="Hassan">Ahmed M. Hassan</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:affiliation>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Alawi, Maha M" sort="Alawi, Maha M" uniqKey="Alawi M" first="Maha M" last="Alawi">Maha M. Alawi</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:affiliation>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Infection Control & Environmental Health Unit, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Infection Control & Environmental Health Unit, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Alhabbab, Rowa Y" sort="Alhabbab, Rowa Y" uniqKey="Alhabbab R" first="Rowa Y" last="Alhabbab">Rowa Y. Alhabbab</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:affiliation>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hindawi, Salwa I" sort="Hindawi, Salwa I" uniqKey="Hindawi S" first="Salwa I" last="Hindawi">Salwa I. Hindawi</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:affiliation>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Blood Transfusion Services, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Blood Transfusion Services, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Mohammed, Osama B" sort="Mohammed, Osama B" uniqKey="Mohammed O" first="Osama B" last="Mohammed">Osama B. Mohammed</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:affiliation>KSU Mammals Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>KSU Mammals Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Riyadh</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Amor, Nabil S" sort="Amor, Nabil S" uniqKey="Amor N" first="Nabil S" last="Amor">Nabil S. Amor</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:affiliation>KSU Mammals Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>KSU Mammals Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Riyadh</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Alagaili, Abdulaziz N" sort="Alagaili, Abdulaziz N" uniqKey="Alagaili A" first="Abdulaziz N" last="Alagaili">Abdulaziz N. Alagaili</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:affiliation>KSU Mammals Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>KSU Mammals Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Riyadh</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Mirza, Ahmed A" sort="Mirza, Ahmed A" uniqKey="Mirza A" first="Ahmed A" last="Mirza">Ahmed A. Mirza</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:affiliation>Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Azhar, Esam I" sort="Azhar, Esam I" uniqKey="Azhar E" first="Esam I" last="Azhar">Esam I. Azhar</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:affiliation>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt>
<idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno>
<date when="2019">2019</date>
<idno type="RBID">pubmed:30659836</idno>
<idno type="pmid">30659836</idno>
<idno type="doi">10.1016/j.jim.2019.01.005</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">000665</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000665</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Curation">000665</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Curation">000665</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Checkpoint">000606</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Checkpoint" wicri:step="PubMed">000606</idno>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<title xml:lang="en">Development and validation of different indirect ELISAs for MERS-CoV serological testing.</title>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hashem, Anwar M" sort="Hashem, Anwar M" uniqKey="Hashem A" first="Anwar M" last="Hashem">Anwar M. Hashem</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:affiliation>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: amhashem@kau.edu.sa.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Al Amri, Sawsan S" sort="Al Amri, Sawsan S" uniqKey="Al Amri S" first="Sawsan S" last="Al-Amri">Sawsan S. Al-Amri</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:affiliation>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Al Subhi, Tagreed L" sort="Al Subhi, Tagreed L" uniqKey="Al Subhi T" first="Tagreed L" last="Al-Subhi">Tagreed L. Al-Subhi</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:affiliation>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Siddiq, Loai A" sort="Siddiq, Loai A" uniqKey="Siddiq L" first="Loai A" last="Siddiq">Loai A. Siddiq</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:affiliation>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hassan, Ahmed M" sort="Hassan, Ahmed M" uniqKey="Hassan A" first="Ahmed M" last="Hassan">Ahmed M. Hassan</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:affiliation>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Alawi, Maha M" sort="Alawi, Maha M" uniqKey="Alawi M" first="Maha M" last="Alawi">Maha M. Alawi</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:affiliation>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Infection Control & Environmental Health Unit, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Infection Control & Environmental Health Unit, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Alhabbab, Rowa Y" sort="Alhabbab, Rowa Y" uniqKey="Alhabbab R" first="Rowa Y" last="Alhabbab">Rowa Y. Alhabbab</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:affiliation>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hindawi, Salwa I" sort="Hindawi, Salwa I" uniqKey="Hindawi S" first="Salwa I" last="Hindawi">Salwa I. Hindawi</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:affiliation>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Blood Transfusion Services, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Blood Transfusion Services, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Mohammed, Osama B" sort="Mohammed, Osama B" uniqKey="Mohammed O" first="Osama B" last="Mohammed">Osama B. Mohammed</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:affiliation>KSU Mammals Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>KSU Mammals Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Riyadh</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Amor, Nabil S" sort="Amor, Nabil S" uniqKey="Amor N" first="Nabil S" last="Amor">Nabil S. Amor</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:affiliation>KSU Mammals Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>KSU Mammals Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Riyadh</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Alagaili, Abdulaziz N" sort="Alagaili, Abdulaziz N" uniqKey="Alagaili A" first="Abdulaziz N" last="Alagaili">Abdulaziz N. Alagaili</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:affiliation>KSU Mammals Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>KSU Mammals Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Riyadh</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Mirza, Ahmed A" sort="Mirza, Ahmed A" uniqKey="Mirza A" first="Ahmed A" last="Mirza">Ahmed A. Mirza</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:affiliation>Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Azhar, Esam I" sort="Azhar, Esam I" uniqKey="Azhar E" first="Esam I" last="Azhar">Esam I. Azhar</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:affiliation>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series>
<title level="j">Journal of immunological methods</title>
<idno type="eISSN">1872-7905</idno>
<imprint>
<date when="2019" type="published">2019</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc>
<textClass>
<keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en">
<term>Animals</term>
<term>Antibodies, Viral (blood)</term>
<term>Antibodies, Viral (immunology)</term>
<term>Chlorocebus aethiops</term>
<term>Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay</term>
<term>Humans</term>
<term>Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (genetics)</term>
<term>Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (immunology)</term>
<term>Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (isolation & purification)</term>
<term>Recombinant Proteins (blood)</term>
<term>Recombinant Proteins (immunology)</term>
<term>Serologic Tests</term>
<term>Vero Cells</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr">
<term>Animaux</term>
<term>Anticorps antiviraux (immunologie)</term>
<term>Anticorps antiviraux (sang)</term>
<term>Cellules Vero</term>
<term>Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient (génétique)</term>
<term>Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient (immunologie)</term>
<term>Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient (isolement et purification)</term>
<term>Humains</term>
<term>Protéines recombinantes (immunologie)</term>
<term>Protéines recombinantes (sang)</term>
<term>Test ELISA</term>
<term>Tests sérologiques</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="blood" xml:lang="en">
<term>Antibodies, Viral</term>
<term>Recombinant Proteins</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="immunology" xml:lang="en">
<term>Antibodies, Viral</term>
<term>Recombinant Proteins</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en">
<term>Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="génétique" xml:lang="fr">
<term>Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="immunologie" xml:lang="fr">
<term>Anticorps antiviraux</term>
<term>Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient</term>
<term>Protéines recombinantes</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="immunology" xml:lang="en">
<term>Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="isolation & purification" xml:lang="en">
<term>Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="isolement et purification" xml:lang="fr">
<term>Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="sang" xml:lang="fr">
<term>Anticorps antiviraux</term>
<term>Protéines recombinantes</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en">
<term>Animals</term>
<term>Chlorocebus aethiops</term>
<term>Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay</term>
<term>Humans</term>
<term>Serologic Tests</term>
<term>Vero Cells</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr">
<term>Animaux</term>
<term>Cellules Vero</term>
<term>Humains</term>
<term>Test ELISA</term>
<term>Tests sérologiques</term>
</keywords>
</textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Since 2012, MERS-CoV has caused up to 2220 cases and 790 deaths in 27 countries with Saudi Arabia being the most affected country with ~83.1% of the cases and ~38.8% local death rate. Current serological assays such as microneutralization (MN), plaque reduction neutralization, immunofluorescence, protein microarray or pseudoparticle neutralization assays rely on handling of live MERS-CoV in high containment laboratories or need for expensive and special equipment and reagents and highly trained personnel which represent a technical hurdle for most laboratories in resource-limited MERS-CoV endemic countries. Here, we developed, compared and evaluated three different indirect ELISAs based on MERS-CoV nucleocapsid protein (N), spike (S) ectodomain (amino acids 1-1297) and S1 subunit (amino acids 1-725) and compared them with MN assay. The developed ELISAs were evaluated using large number of confirmed seropositive (79 samples) and seronegative (274 samples) MERS-CoV human serum samples. Both rS1- and rS-ELISAs maintained high sensitivity and specificity (≥90%) across a wider range of OD values compared to rN-ELISA. Moreover, rS1- and rS-based ELISAs showed better agreement and correlation with MN assay in contrast to rN-ELISA. Collectively, our data demonstrate that rS1-ELISA and rS-ELISA are more reliable than rN-ELISA and represent a suitable choice for seroepidemiological testing and surveillance in MERS-CoV endemic regions.</div>
</front>
</TEI>
</pubmed>
</double>
</record>

Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)

EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Sante/explor/MersV1/Data/Ncbi/Merge
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 002086 | SxmlIndent | more

Ou

HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Ncbi/Merge/biblio.hfd -nk 002086 | SxmlIndent | more

Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri

{{Explor lien
   |wiki=    Sante
   |area=    MersV1
   |flux=    Ncbi
   |étape=   Merge
   |type=    RBID
   |clé=     PMC:7094657
   |texte=   Development and validation of different indirect ELISAs for MERS-CoV serological testing
}}

Pour générer des pages wiki

HfdIndexSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Ncbi/Merge/RBID.i   -Sk "pubmed:30659836" \
       | HfdSelect -Kh $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Ncbi/Merge/biblio.hfd   \
       | NlmPubMed2Wicri -a MersV1 

Wicri

This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.33.
Data generation: Mon Apr 20 23:26:43 2020. Site generation: Sat Mar 27 09:06:09 2021