Methylated Cytosines Mutate to Transcription Factor Binding Sites that Drive Tetrapod Evolution
Identifieur interne : 001330 ( Ncbi/Checkpoint ); précédent : 001329; suivant : 001331Methylated Cytosines Mutate to Transcription Factor Binding Sites that Drive Tetrapod Evolution
Auteurs : Ximiao He ; Desiree Tillo ; Jeff Vierstra ; Khund-Sayeed Syed ; Callie Deng ; G. Jordan Ray ; John Stamatoyannopoulos ; Peter C. Fitzgerald ; Charles VinsonSource :
- Genome Biology and Evolution [ 1759-6653 ] ; 2015.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- MESH :
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- MESH :
- chemical , chemistry : 5-Methylcytosine, Cytosine, Transcription Factors.
- chemical , genetics : Dinucleoside Phosphates, Transcription Factors.
- Animals, Binding Sites, Biological Evolution, DNA Methylation, Humans, Mice, Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, Protein Binding.
Abstract
In mammals, the cytosine in CG dinucleotides is typically methylated producing
5-methylcytosine (5mC), a chemically less stable form of cytosine that can spontaneously
deaminate to thymidine resulting in a T•G mismatched base pair. Unlike other eukaryotes
that efficiently repair this mismatched base pair back to C•G, in mammals, 5mCG
deamination is mutagenic, sometimes producing TG dinucleotides, explaining the depletion
of CG dinucleotides in mammalian genomes. It was suggested that new TG dinucleotides
generate genetic diversity that may be critical for evolutionary change. We tested this
conjecture by examining the DNA sequence properties of regulatory sequences identified by
DNase I hypersensitive sites (DHSs) in human and mouse genomes. We hypothesized that the
new TG dinucleotides generate transcription factor binding sites (TFBS) that become
tissue-specific DHSs (TS-DHSs). We find that 8-mers containing the CG dinucleotide are
enriched in DHSs in both species. However, 8-mers containing a TG and no CG dinucleotide
are preferentially enriched in TS-DHSs when compared with 8-mers with neither a TG nor a
CG dinucleotide. The most enriched 8-mer with a TG and no CG dinucleotide in
tissue-specific regulatory regions in both genomes is the AP-1 motif
(
Url:
DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evv205
PubMed: 26507798
PubMed Central: 4994754
Affiliations:
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Tetrapod Evolution</title><author><name sortKey="He, Ximiao" sort="He, Ximiao" uniqKey="He X" first="Ximiao" last="He">Ximiao He</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="evv205-AFF1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tillo, Desiree" sort="Tillo, Desiree" uniqKey="Tillo D" first="Desiree" last="Tillo">Desiree Tillo</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="evv205-AFF1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vierstra, Jeff" sort="Vierstra, Jeff" uniqKey="Vierstra J" first="Jeff" last="Vierstra">Jeff Vierstra</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="evv205-AFF2"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Syed, Khund Sayeed" sort="Syed, Khund Sayeed" uniqKey="Syed K" first="Khund-Sayeed" last="Syed">Khund-Sayeed Syed</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="evv205-AFF1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Deng, Callie" sort="Deng, Callie" uniqKey="Deng C" first="Callie" last="Deng">Callie Deng</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="evv205-AFF1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ray, G Jordan" sort="Ray, G Jordan" uniqKey="Ray G" first="G. Jordan" last="Ray">G. Jordan Ray</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="evv205-AFF1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stamatoyannopoulos, John" sort="Stamatoyannopoulos, John" uniqKey="Stamatoyannopoulos J" first="John" last="Stamatoyannopoulos">John Stamatoyannopoulos</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="evv205-AFF2"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fitzgerald, Peter C" sort="Fitzgerald, Peter C" uniqKey="Fitzgerald P" first="Peter C." last="Fitzgerald">Peter C. Fitzgerald</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="evv205-AFF3"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vinson, Charles" sort="Vinson, Charles" uniqKey="Vinson C" first="Charles" last="Vinson">Charles Vinson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="evv205-AFF1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Genome Biology and Evolution</title><idno type="eISSN">1759-6653</idno><imprint><date when="2015">2015</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>5-Methylcytosine (chemistry)</term><term>Animals</term><term>Binding Sites</term><term>Biological Evolution</term><term>Cytosine (chemistry)</term><term>DNA Methylation</term><term>Dinucleoside Phosphates (genetics)</term><term>Humans</term><term>Mice</term><term>Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis</term><term>Protein Binding</term><term>Transcription Factors (chemistry)</term><term>Transcription Factors (genetics)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>5-Méthyl-cytosine ()</term><term>Animaux</term><term>Cytosine ()</term><term>Dinucléoside phosphates (génétique)</term><term>Facteurs de transcription ()</term><term>Facteurs de transcription (génétique)</term><term>Humains</term><term>Liaison aux protéines</term><term>Méthylation de l'ADN</term><term>Sites de fixation</term><term>Souris</term><term>Séquençage par oligonucléotides en batterie</term><term>Évolution biologique</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="chemistry" xml:lang="en"><term>5-Methylcytosine</term><term>Cytosine</term><term>Transcription Factors</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en"><term>Dinucleoside Phosphates</term><term>Transcription Factors</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="génétique" xml:lang="fr"><term>Dinucléoside phosphates</term><term>Facteurs de transcription</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Animals</term><term>Binding Sites</term><term>Biological Evolution</term><term>DNA Methylation</term><term>Humans</term><term>Mice</term><term>Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis</term><term>Protein Binding</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>5-Méthyl-cytosine</term><term>Animaux</term><term>Cytosine</term><term>Facteurs de transcription</term><term>Humains</term><term>Liaison aux protéines</term><term>Méthylation de l'ADN</term><term>Sites de fixation</term><term>Souris</term><term>Séquençage par oligonucléotides en batterie</term><term>Évolution biologique</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><title>Abstract</title><p>In mammals, the cytosine in CG dinucleotides is typically methylated producing
5-methylcytosine (5mC), a chemically less stable form of cytosine that can spontaneously
deaminate to thymidine resulting in a T•G mismatched base pair. Unlike other eukaryotes
that efficiently repair this mismatched base pair back to C•G, in mammals, 5mCG
deamination is mutagenic, sometimes producing TG dinucleotides, explaining the depletion
of CG dinucleotides in mammalian genomes. It was suggested that new TG dinucleotides
generate genetic diversity that may be critical for evolutionary change. We tested this
conjecture by examining the DNA sequence properties of regulatory sequences identified by
DNase I hypersensitive sites (DHSs) in human and mouse genomes. We hypothesized that the
new TG dinucleotides generate transcription factor binding sites (TFBS) that become
tissue-specific DHSs (TS-DHSs). We find that 8-mers containing the CG dinucleotide are
enriched in DHSs in both species. However, 8-mers containing a TG and no CG dinucleotide
are preferentially enriched in TS-DHSs when compared with 8-mers with neither a TG nor a
CG dinucleotide. The most enriched 8-mer with a TG and no CG dinucleotide in
tissue-specific regulatory regions in both genomes is the AP-1 motif
(<bold>TG</bold>A<sup>C</sup>/<sub>G</sub>T<bold>CA</bold>N), and we find evidence that
TG dinucleotides in the AP-1 motif arose from CG dinucleotides. Additional TS-DHS-enriched
TFBS containing the TG/CA dinucleotide are the E-Box motif
(G<bold>CA</bold>GC<bold>TG</bold>C), the NF-1 motif (GG<bold>CA—TG</bold>CC), and the
GR (glucocorticoid receptor) motif (G-A<bold>CA—TG</bold>T-C). Our results support the
suggestion that cytosine methylation is mutagenic in tetrapods producing TG dinucleotides
that create TFBS that drive evolution.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Akers, Sn" uniqKey="Akers S">SN Akers</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Amemiya, Ct" uniqKey="Amemiya C">CT Amemiya</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Amoutzias, Gd" uniqKey="Amoutzias G">GD Amoutzias</name></author><author><name sortKey="Robertson, Dl" uniqKey="Robertson D">DL Robertson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Van De Peer, Y" uniqKey="Van De Peer Y">Y Van de Peer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Oliver, Sg" uniqKey="Oliver S">SG Oliver</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Andreucci, Jj" uniqKey="Andreucci J">JJ Andreucci</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Antequera, F" uniqKey="Antequera F">F Antequera</name></author><author><name 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sortKey="Sharrocks, Ad" uniqKey="Sharrocks A">AD Sharrocks</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Simmen, Mw" uniqKey="Simmen M">MW Simmen</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Sjolund, Ab" uniqKey="Sjolund A">AB Sjolund</name></author><author><name sortKey="Senejani, Ag" uniqKey="Senejani A">AG Senejani</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sweasy, Jb" uniqKey="Sweasy J">JB Sweasy</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Stergachis, Ab" uniqKey="Stergachis A">AB Stergachis</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Suske, G" uniqKey="Suske G">G Suske</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Takizawa, T" uniqKey="Takizawa T">T Takizawa</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Tillo, D" uniqKey="Tillo D">D Tillo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hughes, Tr" uniqKey="Hughes T">TR Hughes</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Tillo, D" uniqKey="Tillo D">D Tillo</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Travis, Jm" uniqKey="Travis J">JM Travis</name></author><author><name sortKey="Travis, Er" uniqKey="Travis E">ER Travis</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Vierstra, J" uniqKey="Vierstra J">J Vierstra</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Villar, D" uniqKey="Villar D">D Villar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Flicek, P" uniqKey="Flicek P">P Flicek</name></author><author><name sortKey="Odom, Dt" uniqKey="Odom D">DT Odom</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Vinson, C" uniqKey="Vinson C">C Vinson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chatterjee, R" uniqKey="Chatterjee R">R Chatterjee</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Vinson, C" uniqKey="Vinson C">C Vinson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chatterjee, R" uniqKey="Chatterjee R">R Chatterjee</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fitzgerald, P" uniqKey="Fitzgerald P">P Fitzgerald</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Vinson, Cr" uniqKey="Vinson C">CR Vinson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sigler, Pb" uniqKey="Sigler P">PB Sigler</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mcknight, Sl" uniqKey="Mcknight S">SL McKnight</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Walsh, Cp" uniqKey="Walsh C">CP Walsh</name></author><author><name sortKey="Xu, Gl" uniqKey="Xu G">GL Xu</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Weirauch, Mt" uniqKey="Weirauch M">MT Weirauch</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Weirauch, Mt" uniqKey="Weirauch M">MT Weirauch</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hughes, Tr" uniqKey="Hughes T">TR Hughes</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Whittle, Cm" uniqKey="Whittle C">CM Whittle</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lazakovitch, E" uniqKey="Lazakovitch E">E Lazakovitch</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gronostajski, Rm" uniqKey="Gronostajski R">RM Gronostajski</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lieb, Jd" uniqKey="Lieb J">JD Lieb</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Yamamoto, Kr" uniqKey="Yamamoto K">KR Yamamoto</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Yue, F" uniqKey="Yue F">F Yue</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><affiliations><list></list><tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Deng, Callie" sort="Deng, Callie" uniqKey="Deng C" first="Callie" last="Deng">Callie Deng</name><name sortKey="Fitzgerald, Peter C" sort="Fitzgerald, Peter C" uniqKey="Fitzgerald P" first="Peter C." last="Fitzgerald">Peter C. Fitzgerald</name><name sortKey="He, Ximiao" sort="He, Ximiao" uniqKey="He X" first="Ximiao" last="He">Ximiao He</name><name sortKey="Ray, G Jordan" sort="Ray, G Jordan" uniqKey="Ray G" first="G. Jordan" last="Ray">G. Jordan Ray</name><name sortKey="Stamatoyannopoulos, John" sort="Stamatoyannopoulos, John" uniqKey="Stamatoyannopoulos J" first="John" last="Stamatoyannopoulos">John Stamatoyannopoulos</name><name sortKey="Syed, Khund Sayeed" sort="Syed, Khund Sayeed" uniqKey="Syed K" first="Khund-Sayeed" last="Syed">Khund-Sayeed Syed</name><name sortKey="Tillo, Desiree" sort="Tillo, Desiree" uniqKey="Tillo D" first="Desiree" last="Tillo">Desiree Tillo</name><name sortKey="Vierstra, Jeff" sort="Vierstra, Jeff" uniqKey="Vierstra J" first="Jeff" last="Vierstra">Jeff Vierstra</name><name sortKey="Vinson, Charles" sort="Vinson, Charles" uniqKey="Vinson C" first="Charles" last="Vinson">Charles Vinson</name></noCountry></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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