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Heparinoids activate a protease, secreted by mucosa and tumors, via tethering supplemented by allostery.

Identifieur interne : 001C41 ( Main/Curation ); précédent : 001C40; suivant : 001C42

Heparinoids activate a protease, secreted by mucosa and tumors, via tethering supplemented by allostery.

Auteurs : Yan G. Fulcher [États-Unis] ; Raghavendar Reddy Sanganna Gari ; Nathan C. Frey ; Fuming Zhang ; Robert J. Linhardt ; Gavin M. King ; Steven R. Van Doren

Source :

RBID : pubmed:24495220

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English descriptors

Abstract

Activation by glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) is an emerging trend among extracellular proteases important in disease. ProMMP-7, the zymogen of a matrix metalloproteinase secreted by mucosal epithelial and tumor cells, is activated at their surfaces by sulfated GAGs, but how? ProMMP-7 is activated in trans by representative heparin oligosaccharides in a length-dependent manner, with a large jump in activation at lengths of 16 monosaccharides. Imaging by atomic force microscopy visualized small complexes of proMMP-7 molecules linked by 8-mer lengths of heparinoids and extended assembles formed with 16-mer lengths of heparin. Complexes of proMMP-7 with polydisperse heparin or heparan sulfate were more diverse. Heparinoids evidently accelerate activation by tethering multiple proMMP-7 molecules together for proteolytic attack among neighbors. Removal of either the prodomain or C-terminal peptide sequence of KRSNSRKK from MMP-7 prevents formation of the long arrays induced by heparin 16-mers or heparan sulfate. The role of the C-terminus in activation assays suggests it contributes to remote, allosteric binding of GAGs. Enhancement of proteolytic velocity of MMP-by GAGs indicates them to be effectors of V-type allostery. GAGs from proteoglycans appear to assemble proMMP-7 molecules for activation, an event preceding its tumorigenic or antibacterial proteolytic activities at cell surfaces.

DOI: 10.1021/cb400898t
PubMed: 24495220

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Le document en format XML

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<nlm:affiliation>Department of Biochemistry and ‡Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri , Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States.</nlm:affiliation>
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<wicri:regionArea>Department of Biochemistry and ‡Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri , Columbia, Missouri 65211</wicri:regionArea>
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<name sortKey="Sanganna Gari, Raghavendar Reddy" sort="Sanganna Gari, Raghavendar Reddy" uniqKey="Sanganna Gari R" first="Raghavendar Reddy" last="Sanganna Gari">Raghavendar Reddy Sanganna Gari</name>
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<name sortKey="Zhang, Fuming" sort="Zhang, Fuming" uniqKey="Zhang F" first="Fuming" last="Zhang">Fuming Zhang</name>
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<term>Allosteric Regulation</term>
<term>Animals</term>
<term>Enzyme Activation</term>
<term>Heparinoids (pharmacology)</term>
<term>Humans</term>
<term>Matrix Metalloproteinase 7 (genetics)</term>
<term>Matrix Metalloproteinase 7 (metabolism)</term>
<term>Microscopy, Atomic Force</term>
<term>Models, Biological</term>
<term>Mucous Membrane (metabolism)</term>
<term>Neoplasms (metabolism)</term>
<term>Peptide Hydrolases (drug effects)</term>
<term>Peptide Hydrolases (metabolism)</term>
<term>Protein Binding</term>
<term>Rats</term>
<term>Surface Properties</term>
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<keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr">
<term>Activation enzymatique</term>
<term>Animaux</term>
<term>Humains</term>
<term>Héparinoïde (pharmacologie)</term>
<term>Liaison aux protéines</term>
<term>Matrix metalloproteinase 7 (génétique)</term>
<term>Matrix metalloproteinase 7 (métabolisme)</term>
<term>Microscopie à force atomique</term>
<term>Modèles biologiques</term>
<term>Muqueuse (métabolisme)</term>
<term>Peptide hydrolases ()</term>
<term>Peptide hydrolases (métabolisme)</term>
<term>Propriétés de surface</term>
<term>Rats</term>
<term>Régulation allostérique</term>
<term>Tumeurs (métabolisme)</term>
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<term>Peptide Hydrolases</term>
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<keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en">
<term>Matrix Metalloproteinase 7</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="metabolism" xml:lang="en">
<term>Matrix Metalloproteinase 7</term>
<term>Peptide Hydrolases</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="pharmacology" xml:lang="en">
<term>Heparinoids</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="génétique" xml:lang="fr">
<term>Matrix metalloproteinase 7</term>
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<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="metabolism" xml:lang="en">
<term>Mucous Membrane</term>
<term>Neoplasms</term>
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<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="métabolisme" xml:lang="fr">
<term>Matrix metalloproteinase 7</term>
<term>Muqueuse</term>
<term>Peptide hydrolases</term>
<term>Tumeurs</term>
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<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="pharmacologie" xml:lang="fr">
<term>Héparinoïde</term>
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<term>Allosteric Regulation</term>
<term>Animals</term>
<term>Enzyme Activation</term>
<term>Humans</term>
<term>Microscopy, Atomic Force</term>
<term>Models, Biological</term>
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<term>Rats</term>
<term>Surface Properties</term>
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<term>Animaux</term>
<term>Humains</term>
<term>Liaison aux protéines</term>
<term>Microscopie à force atomique</term>
<term>Modèles biologiques</term>
<term>Peptide hydrolases</term>
<term>Propriétés de surface</term>
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<term>Régulation allostérique</term>
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<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Activation by glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) is an emerging trend among extracellular proteases important in disease. ProMMP-7, the zymogen of a matrix metalloproteinase secreted by mucosal epithelial and tumor cells, is activated at their surfaces by sulfated GAGs, but how? ProMMP-7 is activated in trans by representative heparin oligosaccharides in a length-dependent manner, with a large jump in activation at lengths of 16 monosaccharides. Imaging by atomic force microscopy visualized small complexes of proMMP-7 molecules linked by 8-mer lengths of heparinoids and extended assembles formed with 16-mer lengths of heparin. Complexes of proMMP-7 with polydisperse heparin or heparan sulfate were more diverse. Heparinoids evidently accelerate activation by tethering multiple proMMP-7 molecules together for proteolytic attack among neighbors. Removal of either the prodomain or C-terminal peptide sequence of KRSNSRKK from MMP-7 prevents formation of the long arrays induced by heparin 16-mers or heparan sulfate. The role of the C-terminus in activation assays suggests it contributes to remote, allosteric binding of GAGs. Enhancement of proteolytic velocity of MMP-by GAGs indicates them to be effectors of V-type allostery. GAGs from proteoglycans appear to assemble proMMP-7 molecules for activation, an event preceding its tumorigenic or antibacterial proteolytic activities at cell surfaces. </div>
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