The Use of Sodium Hyaluronate in Freezing Media for Bovine and Murine Embryos
Identifieur interne : 001040 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 001039; suivant : 001041The Use of Sodium Hyaluronate in Freezing Media for Bovine and Murine Embryos
Auteurs : A. Palasz ; S. Alkemade ; R. J. MapletoftSource :
- Cryobiology [ 0011-2240 ] ; 1993.
Abstract
Abstract: Four experiments were designed to determine whether sodium hyaluronate (SH) may be used to replace newborn calf serum (NCS) in murine and bovine embryo freezing media. A total of 780 mouse and 178 cattle embryos were frozen. Freezing media were prepared in Dulbecco's phosphate-buffered saline supplemented with 20% NCS and 10% glycerol (v/v) (medium A). In experintents I and II, NCS was replaced by 0.1% SH (w/v) in medium B and by 0.1% polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) (w/v) in medium C. In experiments III and IV, NCS was replaced in mouse embryo freezing medium by three different molecular weights of SH as follows: 0.1 or 0.2% (SH-1; <3 × 105 Da) in medium B. by 0.1 or 0.05% (SH-2; 5-7.5 × 105 Da) in medium C, and by 0.1 or 0.025% (SH-3; >1.2 × 106 Da) in medium D. Embryos were frozen and thawed using standard procedures. Glycerol was diluted from embryos after thawing in a single step with 1.0 M sucrose. After 48 h in culture (Ham's F-10 medium for cattle embryos and BWW medium for mouse embryos), embryos were evaluated for development to expanded or hatched blastocysts. Survival rates were compared by X2 analysis. In experiment I, there were no significant differences in mouse embryo survival or development between NCS, SH, and PVA groups (84.1, 79.2, and 83.3%, respectively). In experiment II, there were no significant differences in bovine embryo survival between NCS and SH groups (67.2 and 67.7%), but both had significantly higher survival than the PVA group (37.9%: P < 0.05). In experiment III, there was a significantly lower (P < 0.05) embryo survival rate in the low-molecular-weight SH-1 group (18.6%) than in medium (SH-2)- or high (SH-3)-molecular-weight groups (78.6 and 92.5%, respectively). Although doubling the concentration of SH-1 in experiment IV resulted in improved embryo survival (63.4%), survival rates were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the medium-molecular-weight (SH-2; 82.3%) and high-molecular-weight (SH-3; 86.0%) groups despite reduced concentrations of these compounds in the freezing medium. Results suggest that SH can be used to replace biological sera in embryo freezing media.
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DOI: 10.1006/cryo.1993.1016
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<record><TEI wicri:istexFullTextTei="biblStruct"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">The Use of Sodium Hyaluronate in Freezing Media for Bovine and Murine Embryos</title><author><name sortKey="Palasz, A" sort="Palasz, A" uniqKey="Palasz A" first="A." last="Palasz">A. Palasz</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Herd Medicine and Theriogenology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskalchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 0W0; and Vetrepharm Inc., London, Ontario, Canada N6E 2V6</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Alkemade, S" sort="Alkemade, S" uniqKey="Alkemade S" first="S." last="Alkemade">S. Alkemade</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Herd Medicine and Theriogenology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskalchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 0W0; and Vetrepharm Inc., London, Ontario, Canada N6E 2V6</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mapletoft, R J" sort="Mapletoft, R J" uniqKey="Mapletoft R" first="R. J." last="Mapletoft">R. J. Mapletoft</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Herd Medicine and Theriogenology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskalchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 0W0; and Vetrepharm Inc., London, Ontario, Canada N6E 2V6</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno><idno type="RBID">ISTEX:D019CD5051D47BB95787A7AA7ABAB883CD3C6665</idno><date when="1993" year="1993">1993</date><idno type="doi">10.1006/cryo.1993.1016</idno><idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/6H6-3S4T7G12-J/fulltext.pdf</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Corpus">001040</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Istex" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="ISTEX">001040</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">The Use of Sodium Hyaluronate in Freezing Media for Bovine and Murine Embryos</title><author><name sortKey="Palasz, A" sort="Palasz, A" uniqKey="Palasz A" first="A." last="Palasz">A. Palasz</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Herd Medicine and Theriogenology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskalchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 0W0; and Vetrepharm Inc., London, Ontario, Canada N6E 2V6</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Alkemade, S" sort="Alkemade, S" uniqKey="Alkemade S" first="S." last="Alkemade">S. Alkemade</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Herd Medicine and Theriogenology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskalchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 0W0; and Vetrepharm Inc., London, Ontario, Canada N6E 2V6</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mapletoft, R J" sort="Mapletoft, R J" uniqKey="Mapletoft R" first="R. J." last="Mapletoft">R. J. Mapletoft</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Herd Medicine and Theriogenology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskalchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 0W0; and Vetrepharm Inc., London, Ontario, Canada N6E 2V6</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Cryobiology</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">YCRYO</title><idno type="ISSN">0011-2240</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="1993">1993</date><biblScope unit="volume">30</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">2</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="172">172</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="178">178</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0011-2240</idno></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0011-2240</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Abstract: Four experiments were designed to determine whether sodium hyaluronate (SH) may be used to replace newborn calf serum (NCS) in murine and bovine embryo freezing media. A total of 780 mouse and 178 cattle embryos were frozen. Freezing media were prepared in Dulbecco's phosphate-buffered saline supplemented with 20% NCS and 10% glycerol (v/v) (medium A). In experintents I and II, NCS was replaced by 0.1% SH (w/v) in medium B and by 0.1% polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) (w/v) in medium C. In experiments III and IV, NCS was replaced in mouse embryo freezing medium by three different molecular weights of SH as follows: 0.1 or 0.2% (SH-1; <3 × 105 Da) in medium B. by 0.1 or 0.05% (SH-2; 5-7.5 × 105 Da) in medium C, and by 0.1 or 0.025% (SH-3; >1.2 × 106 Da) in medium D. Embryos were frozen and thawed using standard procedures. Glycerol was diluted from embryos after thawing in a single step with 1.0 M sucrose. After 48 h in culture (Ham's F-10 medium for cattle embryos and BWW medium for mouse embryos), embryos were evaluated for development to expanded or hatched blastocysts. Survival rates were compared by X2 analysis. In experiment I, there were no significant differences in mouse embryo survival or development between NCS, SH, and PVA groups (84.1, 79.2, and 83.3%, respectively). In experiment II, there were no significant differences in bovine embryo survival between NCS and SH groups (67.2 and 67.7%), but both had significantly higher survival than the PVA group (37.9%: P < 0.05). In experiment III, there was a significantly lower (P < 0.05) embryo survival rate in the low-molecular-weight SH-1 group (18.6%) than in medium (SH-2)- or high (SH-3)-molecular-weight groups (78.6 and 92.5%, respectively). Although doubling the concentration of SH-1 in experiment IV resulted in improved embryo survival (63.4%), survival rates were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the medium-molecular-weight (SH-2; 82.3%) and high-molecular-weight (SH-3; 86.0%) groups despite reduced concentrations of these compounds in the freezing medium. Results suggest that SH can be used to replace biological sera in embryo freezing media.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>elsevier</corpusName><author><json:item><name>A. Palasz</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Herd Medicine and Theriogenology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskalchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 0W0; and Vetrepharm Inc., London, Ontario, Canada N6E 2V6</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>S. Alkemade</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Herd Medicine and Theriogenology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskalchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 0W0; and Vetrepharm Inc., London, Ontario, Canada N6E 2V6</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>R.J. Mapletoft</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Herd Medicine and Theriogenology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskalchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 0W0; and Vetrepharm Inc., London, Ontario, Canada N6E 2V6</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><arkIstex>ark:/67375/6H6-3S4T7G12-J</arkIstex><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>Full-length article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>Abstract: Four experiments were designed to determine whether sodium hyaluronate (SH) may be used to replace newborn calf serum (NCS) in murine and bovine embryo freezing media. A total of 780 mouse and 178 cattle embryos were frozen. Freezing media were prepared in Dulbecco's phosphate-buffered saline supplemented with 20% NCS and 10% glycerol (v/v) (medium A). In experintents I and II, NCS was replaced by 0.1% SH (w/v) in medium B and by 0.1% polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) (w/v) in medium C. In experiments III and IV, NCS was replaced in mouse embryo freezing medium by three different molecular weights of SH as follows: 0.1 or 0.2% (SH-1; >3 × 105 Da) in medium B. by 0.1 or 0.05% (SH-2; 5-7.5 × 105 Da) in medium C, and by 0.1 or 0.025% (SH-3; >1.2 × 106 Da) in medium D. Embryos were frozen and thawed using standard procedures. Glycerol was diluted from embryos after thawing in a single step with 1.0 M sucrose. After 48 h in culture (Ham's F-10 medium for cattle embryos and BWW medium for mouse embryos), embryos were evaluated for development to expanded or hatched blastocysts. Survival rates were compared by X2 analysis. In experiment I, there were no significant differences in mouse embryo survival or development between NCS, SH, and PVA groups (84.1, 79.2, and 83.3%, respectively). In experiment II, there were no significant differences in bovine embryo survival between NCS and SH groups (67.2 and 67.7%), but both had significantly higher survival than the PVA group (37.9%: P > 0.05). In experiment III, there was a significantly lower (P > 0.05) embryo survival rate in the low-molecular-weight SH-1 group (18.6%) than in medium (SH-2)- or high (SH-3)-molecular-weight groups (78.6 and 92.5%, respectively). Although doubling the concentration of SH-1 in experiment IV resulted in improved embryo survival (63.4%), survival rates were significantly higher (P > 0.05) in the medium-molecular-weight (SH-2; 82.3%) and high-molecular-weight (SH-3; 86.0%) groups despite reduced concentrations of these compounds in the freezing medium. 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and Vetrepharm Inc., London, Ontario, Canada N6E 2V6</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0001"><persName><forename type="first">S.</forename><surname>Alkemade</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Herd Medicine and Theriogenology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskalchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 0W0; and Vetrepharm Inc., London, Ontario, Canada N6E 2V6</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0002"><persName><forename type="first">R.J.</forename><surname>Mapletoft</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Herd Medicine and Theriogenology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskalchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 0W0; and Vetrepharm Inc., London, Ontario, Canada N6E 2V6</affiliation></author><idno type="istex">D019CD5051D47BB95787A7AA7ABAB883CD3C6665</idno><idno type="ark">ark:/67375/6H6-3S4T7G12-J</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1006/cryo.1993.1016</idno><idno type="PII">S0011-2240(83)71016-3</idno></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Cryobiology</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">YCRYO</title><idno type="pISSN">0011-2240</idno><idno type="PII">S0011-2240(00)X0057-0</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="1993"></date><biblScope unit="volume">30</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">2</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="172">172</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="178">178</biblScope></imprint></monogr></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>1993</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Abstract: Four experiments were designed to determine whether sodium hyaluronate (SH) may be used to replace newborn calf serum (NCS) in murine and bovine embryo freezing media. A total of 780 mouse and 178 cattle embryos were frozen. Freezing media were prepared in Dulbecco's phosphate-buffered saline supplemented with 20% NCS and 10% glycerol (v/v) (medium A). In experintents I and II, NCS was replaced by 0.1% SH (w/v) in medium B and by 0.1% polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) (w/v) in medium C. In experiments III and IV, NCS was replaced in mouse embryo freezing medium by three different molecular weights of SH as follows: 0.1 or 0.2% (SH-1; <3 × 105 Da) in medium B. by 0.1 or 0.05% (SH-2; 5-7.5 × 105 Da) in medium C, and by 0.1 or 0.025% (SH-3; >1.2 × 106 Da) in medium D. Embryos were frozen and thawed using standard procedures. Glycerol was diluted from embryos after thawing in a single step with 1.0 M sucrose. After 48 h in culture (Ham's F-10 medium for cattle embryos and BWW medium for mouse embryos), embryos were evaluated for development to expanded or hatched blastocysts. Survival rates were compared by X2 analysis. In experiment I, there were no significant differences in mouse embryo survival or development between NCS, SH, and PVA groups (84.1, 79.2, and 83.3%, respectively). In experiment II, there were no significant differences in bovine embryo survival between NCS and SH groups (67.2 and 67.7%), but both had significantly higher survival than the PVA group (37.9%: P < 0.05). In experiment III, there was a significantly lower (P < 0.05) embryo survival rate in the low-molecular-weight SH-1 group (18.6%) than in medium (SH-2)- or high (SH-3)-molecular-weight groups (78.6 and 92.5%, respectively). Although doubling the concentration of SH-1 in experiment IV resulted in improved embryo survival (63.4%), survival rates were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the medium-molecular-weight (SH-2; 82.3%) and high-molecular-weight (SH-3; 86.0%) groups despite reduced concentrations of these compounds in the freezing medium. Results suggest that SH can be used to replace biological sera in embryo freezing media.</p></abstract></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="1993">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/6H6-3S4T7G12-J/fulltext.txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Elsevier converted-article found"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:docType PUBLIC="-//ES//DTD journal article DTD version 4.5.2//EN//XML" URI="art452.dtd" name="istex:docType"></istex:docType><istex:document><converted-article version="4.5.2" docsubtype="fla" xml:lang="en"><item-info><jid>YCRYO</jid><aid>71016</aid><ce:pii>S0011-2240(83)71016-3</ce:pii><ce:doi>10.1006/cryo.1993.1016</ce:doi><ce:copyright type="full-transfer" year="1993">Academic Press</ce:copyright></item-info><head><ce:dochead><ce:textfn>Regular Article</ce:textfn></ce:dochead><ce:title>The Use of Sodium Hyaluronate in Freezing Media for Bovine and Murine Embryos</ce:title><ce:author-group><ce:author><ce:given-name>A.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Palasz</ce:surname></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>S.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Alkemade</ce:surname></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>R.J.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Mapletoft</ce:surname></ce:author><ce:affiliation><ce:textfn>Department of Herd Medicine and Theriogenology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskalchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 0W0; and Vetrepharm Inc., London, Ontario, Canada N6E 2V6</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation></ce:author-group><ce:abstract><ce:section-title>Abstract</ce:section-title><ce:abstract-sec><ce:simple-para>Four experiments were designed to determine whether sodium hyaluronate (SH) may be used to replace newborn calf serum (NCS) in murine and bovine embryo freezing media. A total of 780 mouse and 178 cattle embryos were frozen. Freezing media were prepared in Dulbecco's phosphate-buffered saline supplemented with 20% NCS and 10% glycerol (v/v) (medium A). In experintents I and II, NCS was replaced by 0.1% SH (w/v) in medium B and by 0.1% polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) (w/v) in medium C. In experiments III and IV, NCS was replaced in mouse embryo freezing medium by three different molecular weights of SH as follows: 0.1 or 0.2% (SH-1; <3 × 10<ce:sup>5</ce:sup> Da) in medium B. by 0.1 or 0.05% (SH-2; 5-7.5 × 10<ce:sup>5</ce:sup> Da) in medium C, and by 0.1 or 0.025% (SH-3; >1.2 × 10<ce:sup>6</ce:sup> Da) in medium D. Embryos were frozen and thawed using standard procedures. Glycerol was diluted from embryos after thawing in a single step with 1.0 <ce:italic>M</ce:italic> sucrose. After 48 h in culture (Ham's F-10 medium for cattle embryos and BWW medium for mouse embryos), embryos were evaluated for development to expanded or hatched blastocysts. Survival rates were compared by X<ce:sup>2</ce:sup> analysis. In experiment I, there were no significant differences in mouse embryo survival or development between NCS, SH, and PVA groups (84.1, 79.2, and 83.3%, respectively). In experiment II, there were no significant differences in bovine embryo survival between NCS and SH groups (67.2 and 67.7%), but both had significantly higher survival than the PVA group (37.9%: <ce:italic>P</ce:italic> < 0.05). In experiment III, there was a significantly lower (<ce:italic>P</ce:italic> < 0.05) embryo survival rate in the low-molecular-weight SH-1 group (18.6%) than in medium (SH-2)- or high (SH-3)-molecular-weight groups (78.6 and 92.5%, respectively). Although doubling the concentration of SH-1 in experiment IV resulted in improved embryo survival (63.4%), survival rates were significantly higher (<ce:italic>P</ce:italic> < 0.05) in the medium-molecular-weight (SH-2; 82.3%) and high-molecular-weight (SH-3; 86.0%) groups despite reduced concentrations of these compounds in the freezing medium. Results suggest that SH can be used to replace biological sera in embryo freezing media.</ce:simple-para></ce:abstract-sec></ce:abstract></head></converted-article></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>The Use of Sodium Hyaluronate in Freezing Media for Bovine and Murine Embryos</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" lang="en" contentType="CDATA"><title>The Use of Sodium Hyaluronate in Freezing Media for Bovine and Murine Embryos</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">A.</namePart><namePart type="family">Palasz</namePart><affiliation>Department of Herd Medicine and Theriogenology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskalchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 0W0; and Vetrepharm Inc., London, Ontario, Canada N6E 2V6</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">S.</namePart><namePart type="family">Alkemade</namePart><affiliation>Department of Herd Medicine and Theriogenology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskalchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 0W0; and Vetrepharm Inc., London, Ontario, Canada N6E 2V6</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">R.J.</namePart><namePart type="family">Mapletoft</namePart><affiliation>Department of Herd Medicine and Theriogenology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskalchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 0W0; and Vetrepharm Inc., London, Ontario, Canada N6E 2V6</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="research-article" displayLabel="Full-length article" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XTP-1JC4F85T-7">research-article</genre><originInfo><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">1993</dateIssued><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">1993</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm></language><abstract lang="en">Abstract: Four experiments were designed to determine whether sodium hyaluronate (SH) may be used to replace newborn calf serum (NCS) in murine and bovine embryo freezing media. A total of 780 mouse and 178 cattle embryos were frozen. Freezing media were prepared in Dulbecco's phosphate-buffered saline supplemented with 20% NCS and 10% glycerol (v/v) (medium A). In experintents I and II, NCS was replaced by 0.1% SH (w/v) in medium B and by 0.1% polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) (w/v) in medium C. In experiments III and IV, NCS was replaced in mouse embryo freezing medium by three different molecular weights of SH as follows: 0.1 or 0.2% (SH-1; <3 × 105 Da) in medium B. by 0.1 or 0.05% (SH-2; 5-7.5 × 105 Da) in medium C, and by 0.1 or 0.025% (SH-3; >1.2 × 106 Da) in medium D. Embryos were frozen and thawed using standard procedures. Glycerol was diluted from embryos after thawing in a single step with 1.0 M sucrose. After 48 h in culture (Ham's F-10 medium for cattle embryos and BWW medium for mouse embryos), embryos were evaluated for development to expanded or hatched blastocysts. Survival rates were compared by X2 analysis. In experiment I, there were no significant differences in mouse embryo survival or development between NCS, SH, and PVA groups (84.1, 79.2, and 83.3%, respectively). In experiment II, there were no significant differences in bovine embryo survival between NCS and SH groups (67.2 and 67.7%), but both had significantly higher survival than the PVA group (37.9%: P < 0.05). In experiment III, there was a significantly lower (P < 0.05) embryo survival rate in the low-molecular-weight SH-1 group (18.6%) than in medium (SH-2)- or high (SH-3)-molecular-weight groups (78.6 and 92.5%, respectively). Although doubling the concentration of SH-1 in experiment IV resulted in improved embryo survival (63.4%), survival rates were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the medium-molecular-weight (SH-2; 82.3%) and high-molecular-weight (SH-3; 86.0%) groups despite reduced concentrations of these compounds in the freezing medium. Results suggest that SH can be used to replace biological sera in embryo freezing media.</abstract><note type="content">Section title: Regular Article</note><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Cryobiology</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>YCRYO</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/JMC-0GLKJH51-B">journal</genre><originInfo><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">1993</dateIssued></originInfo><identifier type="ISSN">0011-2240</identifier><identifier type="PII">S0011-2240(00)X0057-0</identifier><part><date>1993</date><detail type="volume"><number>30</number><caption>vol.</caption></detail><detail type="issue"><number>2</number><caption>no.</caption></detail><extent unit="issue-pages"><start>107</start><end>241</end></extent><extent unit="pages"><start>172</start><end>178</end></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">D019CD5051D47BB95787A7AA7ABAB883CD3C6665</identifier><identifier type="ark">ark:/67375/6H6-3S4T7G12-J</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1006/cryo.1993.1016</identifier><identifier type="PII">S0011-2240(83)71016-3</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">©1993 Academic Press</accessCondition><recordInfo><recordContentSource authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://loaded-corpus.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://loaded-corpus.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XBH-HKKZVM7B-M">elsevier</recordContentSource><recordOrigin>Academic Press, ©1993</recordOrigin></recordInfo></mods><json:item><extension>json</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>application/json</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/6H6-3S4T7G12-J/record.json</uri></json:item></metadata><serie></serie></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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