A comparative dosimetric study of volumetric-modulated arc therapy vs. fixed field intensity-modulated radiotherapy in postoperative irradiation of stage IB-IIA high-risk cervical cancer
Identifieur interne : 001570 ( Pmc/Checkpoint ); précédent : 001569; suivant : 001571A comparative dosimetric study of volumetric-modulated arc therapy vs. fixed field intensity-modulated radiotherapy in postoperative irradiation of stage IB-IIA high-risk cervical cancer
Auteurs : Lili Qiao [République populaire de Chine] ; Jian Cheng [République populaire de Chine] ; Ning Liang [République populaire de Chine] ; Jian Xie [République populaire de Chine] ; Hui Luo [République populaire de Chine] ; Jiandong Zhang [République populaire de Chine]Source :
- Oncology Letters [ 1792-1074 ] ; 2015.
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to compare the dosimetry features of volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) and fixed field intensity-modulated radiotherapy (f-IMRT) in postoperative irradiation of stage IB-IIA high-risk cervical cancer. Fifteen patients exhibiting stage IB-IIA high-risk cervical cancer, who had been treated with postoperative adjuvant concurrent radiochemotherapy, were selected. The clinical target volume (CTV) and organs at risk (OARs) were delineated according to contrast computed tomography images. The planning target volume (PTV) was subsequently produced by using 1 cm uniform expansion of the CTV. The treatment plans were intended to deliver 50 Gy in 25 fractions. The OARs that were contoured included the bladder, rectum, small bowel and femoral heads. Dose volume histograms were used to evaluate the dose distribution in the PTV and OARs. VMAT and f-IMRT treatment plans resulted in similar dose coverage of the PTV. VMAT was superior to f-IMRT in conformity (P<0.05), and resulted in a reduction of OARs irradiated at high dose levels (V40 and V50) compared with f-IMRT (P<0.05), particularly for the bladder. However, the doses of low levels (V10 and V20) delivered to OARs with f-IMRT were slightly reduced compared with VMAT (P<0.05). For ambilateral femoral heads, VMAT demonstrated improved sparing compared with f-IMRT, with regard to D5 (P<0.05). Furthermore, VMAT treatment plans revealed a significant reduction in monitor units (MU) and treatment time. VMAT techniques exhibited similar PTV coverage compared with f-IMRT. At doses of high levels delivered to OARs, VMAT demonstrated improved sparing compared with f-IMRT, particularly for the bladder, while significantly reducing treatment time and MU number.
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DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.3998
PubMed: 26893675
PubMed Central: 4733947
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China</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Radiation Oncology, Qianfoshan Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Shandong 250014</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cheng, Jian" sort="Cheng, Jian" uniqKey="Cheng J" first="Jian" last="Cheng">Jian Cheng</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af1-ol-0-0-3998">Department of Radiation Oncology, Qianfoshan Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. 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China</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Radiation Oncology, Qianfoshan Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Shandong 250014</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Luo, Hui" sort="Luo, Hui" uniqKey="Luo H" first="Hui" last="Luo">Hui Luo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af2-ol-0-0-3998">Department of Graduate, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. 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China</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Radiation Oncology, Qianfoshan Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Shandong 250014</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cheng, Jian" sort="Cheng, Jian" uniqKey="Cheng J" first="Jian" last="Cheng">Jian Cheng</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af1-ol-0-0-3998">Department of Radiation Oncology, Qianfoshan Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Radiation Oncology, Qianfoshan Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Shandong 250014</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Liang, Ning" sort="Liang, Ning" uniqKey="Liang N" first="Ning" last="Liang">Ning Liang</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af1-ol-0-0-3998">Department of Radiation Oncology, Qianfoshan Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Radiation Oncology, Qianfoshan Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Shandong 250014</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Xie, Jian" sort="Xie, Jian" uniqKey="Xie J" first="Jian" last="Xie">Jian Xie</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af1-ol-0-0-3998">Department of Radiation Oncology, Qianfoshan Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Radiation Oncology, Qianfoshan Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Shandong 250014</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Luo, Hui" sort="Luo, Hui" uniqKey="Luo H" first="Hui" last="Luo">Hui Luo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af2-ol-0-0-3998">Department of Graduate, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Graduate, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Shandong 261053</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, Jiandong" sort="Zhang, Jiandong" uniqKey="Zhang J" first="Jiandong" last="Zhang">Jiandong Zhang</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af1-ol-0-0-3998">Department of Radiation Oncology, Qianfoshan Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Radiation Oncology, Qianfoshan Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Shandong 250014</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Oncology Letters</title><idno type="ISSN">1792-1074</idno><idno type="eISSN">1792-1082</idno><imprint><date when="2015">2015</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of the present study was to compare the dosimetry features of volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) and fixed field intensity-modulated radiotherapy (f-IMRT) in postoperative irradiation of stage IB-IIA high-risk cervical cancer. Fifteen patients exhibiting stage IB-IIA high-risk cervical cancer, who had been treated with postoperative adjuvant concurrent radiochemotherapy, were selected. The clinical target volume (CTV) and organs at risk (OARs) were delineated according to contrast computed tomography images. The planning target volume (PTV) was subsequently produced by using 1 cm uniform expansion of the CTV. The treatment plans were intended to deliver 50 Gy in 25 fractions. The OARs that were contoured included the bladder, rectum, small bowel and femoral heads. Dose volume histograms were used to evaluate the dose distribution in the PTV and OARs. VMAT and f-IMRT treatment plans resulted in similar dose coverage of the PTV. VMAT was superior to f-IMRT in conformity (P<0.05), and resulted in a reduction of OARs irradiated at high dose levels (V40 and V50) compared with f-IMRT (P<0.05), particularly for the bladder. However, the doses of low levels (V10 and V20) delivered to OARs with f-IMRT were slightly reduced compared with VMAT (P<0.05). For ambilateral femoral heads, VMAT demonstrated improved sparing compared with f-IMRT, with regard to D5 (P<0.05). Furthermore, VMAT treatment plans revealed a significant reduction in monitor units (MU) and treatment time. VMAT techniques exhibited similar PTV coverage compared with f-IMRT. At doses of high levels delivered to OARs, VMAT demonstrated improved sparing compared with f-IMRT, particularly for the bladder, while significantly reducing treatment time and MU number.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Jemal, A" uniqKey="Jemal A">A Jemal</name></author><author><name sortKey="Siegel, R" uniqKey="Siegel R">R Siegel</name></author><author><name sortKey="Xu, J" uniqKey="Xu J">J Xu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ward, E" uniqKey="Ward E">E Ward</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kim, Jh" uniqKey="Kim J">JH Kim</name></author><author><name sortKey="Choi, Jh" uniqKey="Choi J">JH Choi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ki, Ey" uniqKey="Ki E">EY Ki</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, Sj" uniqKey="Lee S">SJ Lee</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yoon, Jh" uniqKey="Yoon J">JH Yoon</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, Kh" uniqKey="Lee 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<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Oncol Lett</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Oncol Lett</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">OL</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Oncology Letters</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1792-1074</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1792-1082</issn><publisher><publisher-name>D.A. Spandidos</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">26893675</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4733947</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.3892/ol.2015.3998</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">OL-0-0-3998</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>A comparative dosimetric study of volumetric-modulated arc therapy vs. fixed field intensity-modulated radiotherapy in postoperative irradiation of stage IB-IIA high-risk cervical cancer</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>QIAO</surname><given-names>LILI</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af1-ol-0-0-3998">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>CHENG</surname><given-names>JIAN</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af1-ol-0-0-3998">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>LIANG</surname><given-names>NING</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af1-ol-0-0-3998">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>XIE</surname><given-names>JIAN</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af1-ol-0-0-3998">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>LUO</surname><given-names>HUI</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af2-ol-0-0-3998">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>ZHANG</surname><given-names>JIANDONG</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af1-ol-0-0-3998">1</xref><xref rid="c1-ol-0-0-3998" ref-type="corresp"></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="af1-ol-0-0-3998"><label>1</label>Department of Radiation Oncology, Qianfoshan Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China</aff><aff id="af2-ol-0-0-3998"><label>2</label>Department of Graduate, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China</aff><author-notes><corresp id="c1-ol-0-0-3998"><italic>Correspondence to</italic>: Dr Jiandong Zhang, Department of Radiation Oncology, Qianfoshan Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, 16766 Jingshi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China, E-mail: <email>zhangjd165@sina.com</email></corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>2</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>12</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>03</day><month>12</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><pmc-comment> PMC Release delay is 0 months and 0 days and was based on the
<volume>11</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>959</fpage><lpage>964</lpage><history><date date-type="received"><day>27</day><month>11</month><year>2014</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>28</day><month>10</month><year>2015</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright: © Qiao et al.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><license license-type="open-access"><license-p>This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License</ext-link>, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.</license-p></license></permissions><abstract><p>The aim of the present study was to compare the dosimetry features of volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) and fixed field intensity-modulated radiotherapy (f-IMRT) in postoperative irradiation of stage IB-IIA high-risk cervical cancer. Fifteen patients exhibiting stage IB-IIA high-risk cervical cancer, who had been treated with postoperative adjuvant concurrent radiochemotherapy, were selected. The clinical target volume (CTV) and organs at risk (OARs) were delineated according to contrast computed tomography images. The planning target volume (PTV) was subsequently produced by using 1 cm uniform expansion of the CTV. The treatment plans were intended to deliver 50 Gy in 25 fractions. The OARs that were contoured included the bladder, rectum, small bowel and femoral heads. Dose volume histograms were used to evaluate the dose distribution in the PTV and OARs. VMAT and f-IMRT treatment plans resulted in similar dose coverage of the PTV. VMAT was superior to f-IMRT in conformity (P<0.05), and resulted in a reduction of OARs irradiated at high dose levels (V40 and V50) compared with f-IMRT (P<0.05), particularly for the bladder. However, the doses of low levels (V10 and V20) delivered to OARs with f-IMRT were slightly reduced compared with VMAT (P<0.05). For ambilateral femoral heads, VMAT demonstrated improved sparing compared with f-IMRT, with regard to D5 (P<0.05). Furthermore, VMAT treatment plans revealed a significant reduction in monitor units (MU) and treatment time. VMAT techniques exhibited similar PTV coverage compared with f-IMRT. At doses of high levels delivered to OARs, VMAT demonstrated improved sparing compared with f-IMRT, particularly for the bladder, while significantly reducing treatment time and MU number.</p></abstract><kwd-group><kwd>volumetric-modulated arc radiotherapy</kwd><kwd>cervical cancer</kwd><kwd>dosimetry characteristics</kwd><kwd>intensity-modulated radiotherapy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><floats-group><fig id="f1-ol-0-0-3998" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Figure 1.</label><caption><p>Dose distributions of the VMAT and IMRT plans in a single representative patient by horizontal view (A and D), coronal view (B and E) and sagittal view (C and F). (A-C) VMAT dose distribution. (D-F) IMRT dose distribution. Red line, planning target volume; Orange line, clinical target volume. VMAT, volumetric-modulated arc therapy; IMRT, intensity-modulated radiotherapy.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="ol-11-02-0959-g02"></graphic></fig><fig id="f2-ol-0-0-3998" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Figure 2.</label><caption><p>Dose-volume histogram of a representative patient for VMAT and IMRT. (A) VMAT, (B) IMRT. Red line (−), planning target volume; Orange line (−), clinical target volume; Dark blue line (−), bladder; Magenta line (−), rectum; Yellow line (−), small bowel; Cyan line (−), left femur; Brown line (−), right femur. VMAT, volumetric-modulated arc therapy; IMRT, intensity-modulated radiotherapy.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="ol-11-02-0959-g03"></graphic></fig><table-wrap id="tI-ol-0-0-3998" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Table I.</label><caption><p>Patient characteristics.</p></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th align="left" valign="bottom" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Variable</th><th align="center" valign="bottom" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Value</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Age, years</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Mean</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">43</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Range</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">34–59</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Stage<sup><xref rid="tfn1-ol-0-0-3998" ref-type="table-fn">a</xref></sup>, number of patients</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> IB</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">9</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> IIA</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Histology, number of patients</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Squamous carcinoma</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">10</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Adenocarcinoma</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5</td></tr></tbody></table><table-wrap-foot><fn id="tfn1-ol-0-0-3998"><label>a</label><p>According to the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics.</p></fn></table-wrap-foot></table-wrap><table-wrap id="tII-ol-0-0-3998" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Table II.</label><caption><p>Comparison of the dosimetric parameters of the planning target volume, MU and treatment time.</p></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th align="left" valign="bottom" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Variable</th><th align="center" valign="bottom" rowspan="1" colspan="1">IMRT</th><th align="center" valign="bottom" rowspan="1" colspan="1">VMAT</th><th align="center" valign="bottom" rowspan="1" colspan="1">P-value</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Dmax</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">52.97±0.26</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">52.62±0.32</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.219</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Dmean</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">51.06±0.14</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">50.93±0.24</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.295</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">V95%</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">99.86±0.06</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">99.96±0.03</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.739</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">V105%</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0.33±0.47</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0.24±0.42</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.342</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">CI</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0.78±0.04</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0.82±0.01</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.010</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">HI</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1.04±0.01</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1.03±0.08</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.718</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">MU</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1147.38±107.34</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">377.75±45.83</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.946</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Time</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2.87±0.27</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1.06±0.14</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.552</td></tr></tbody></table><table-wrap-foot><fn id="tfn2-ol-0-0-3998"><p>IMRT, intensity-modulated radiotherapy; VMAT, volumetric-modulated arc therapy; Dmax, maximal dose; Dmean, mean dose; Vx%, target tumor volume covered by X% of the prescribed dose; CI, conformity index; HI, homogeneity index; MU, monitor unit.</p></fn></table-wrap-foot></table-wrap><table-wrap id="tIII-ol-0-0-3998" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Table III.</label><caption><p>Comparison of the dosimetric parameters of the organs at risk.</p></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th align="left" valign="bottom" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Variable</th><th align="center" valign="bottom" rowspan="1" colspan="1">IMRT</th><th align="center" valign="bottom" rowspan="1" colspan="1">VMAT</th><th align="center" valign="bottom" rowspan="1" colspan="1">P-value</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Bladder, %</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> V10</td><td char="±" align="char" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">99.96±0.11</td><td char="±" align="char" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">100.00±0.00</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.344</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> V20</td><td char="±" align="char" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">97.62±5.09</td><td char="±" align="char" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">99.79±0.49</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.000</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> V30</td><td char="±" align="char" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">84.32±8.64</td><td char="±" align="char" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">84.42±14.89</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.003</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> V40</td><td char="±" align="char" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">55.30±9.38</td><td char="±" align="char" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">51.40±8.90</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.199</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> V50</td><td char="±" align="char" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">21.79±5.71</td><td char="±" align="char" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">17.82±7.15</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.012</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Rectum, %</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> V10</td><td char="±" align="char" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">97.92±3.38</td><td char="±" align="char" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">98.34±2.78</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.012</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> V20</td><td char="±" align="char" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">96.65±3.90</td><td char="±" align="char" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">97.52±2.57</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.063</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> V30</td><td char="±" align="char" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">88.45±9.82</td><td char="±" align="char" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">91.87±7.99</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.000</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> V40</td><td char="±" align="char" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">66.65±13.41</td><td char="±" align="char" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">65.34±13.30</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.000</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> V50</td><td char="±" align="char" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">22.08±7.58</td><td char="±" align="char" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">22.37±8.30</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.000</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Small bowel, %</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> V10</td><td char="±" align="char" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">78.53±14.30</td><td char="±" align="char" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">80.27±23.14</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.003</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> V20</td><td char="±" align="char" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">57.78±16.77</td><td char="±" align="char" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">56.59±18.69</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.001</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> V30</td><td char="±" align="char" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">38.22±11.89</td><td char="±" align="char" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">34.64±12.54</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.000</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> V40</td><td char="±" align="char" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">20.65±8.79</td><td char="±" align="char" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">19.42±11.87</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.000</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> V50</td><td char="±" align="char" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7.81±5.25</td><td char="±" align="char" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7.40±5.40</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.000</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Left femoral head, Gy</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> D5</td><td char="±" align="char" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">38.26±4.35</td><td char="±" align="char" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">37.80±4.36</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.000</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Right femoral head, Gy</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> D5</td><td char="±" align="char" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">37.27±4.49</td><td char="±" align="char" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">36.13±4.35</td><td align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.005</td></tr></tbody></table><table-wrap-foot><fn id="tfn3-ol-0-0-3998"><p>IMRT, intensity-modulated radiotherapy; VMAT, volumetric-modulated arc therapy; Vx, target tumor volume covered by X Gy; D5, dose delivered to 5% of the femoral head.</p></fn></table-wrap-foot></table-wrap></floats-group></pmc><affiliations><list><country><li>République populaire de Chine</li></country></list><tree><country name="République populaire de Chine"><noRegion><name sortKey="Qiao, Lili" sort="Qiao, Lili" uniqKey="Qiao L" first="Lili" last="Qiao">Lili Qiao</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Cheng, Jian" sort="Cheng, Jian" uniqKey="Cheng J" first="Jian" last="Cheng">Jian Cheng</name><name sortKey="Liang, Ning" sort="Liang, Ning" uniqKey="Liang N" first="Ning" last="Liang">Ning Liang</name><name sortKey="Luo, Hui" sort="Luo, Hui" uniqKey="Luo H" first="Hui" last="Luo">Hui Luo</name><name sortKey="Xie, Jian" sort="Xie, Jian" uniqKey="Xie J" first="Jian" last="Xie">Jian Xie</name><name sortKey="Zhang, Jiandong" sort="Zhang, Jiandong" uniqKey="Zhang J" first="Jiandong" last="Zhang">Jiandong Zhang</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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