A comparison of two tests for filarial antigenemia in areas in Sri Lanka and Indonesia with low-level persistence of lymphatic filariasis following mass drug administration
Identifieur interne : 001569 ( Pmc/Checkpoint ); précédent : 001568; suivant : 001570A comparison of two tests for filarial antigenemia in areas in Sri Lanka and Indonesia with low-level persistence of lymphatic filariasis following mass drug administration
Auteurs : Thishan C. Yahathugoda [Sri Lanka] ; Taniawati Supali [Indonésie] ; Ramakrishna U. Rao [États-Unis] ; Yenny Djuardi [Indonésie] ; Difa Stefani [Indonésie] ; Femmy Pical [Indonésie] ; Peter U. Fischer [États-Unis] ; Melanie M. Lloyd [États-Unis] ; Prasad H. Premaratne [Sri Lanka] ; Mirani V. Weerasooriya [Sri Lanka] ; Gary J. Weil [États-Unis]Source :
- Parasites & Vectors [ 1756-3305 ] ; 2015.
Abstract
Filarial antigen tests are key tools for mapping the distribution of bancroftian filariasis and for detecting areas with persistent infections following mass drug administration (MDA). A recent study showed that the new Alere Filariasis Test Strip (FTS) has better analytical sensitivity than the BinaxNOW Filariasis card test (Card Test) for detecting circulating filarial antigen, and the FTS detected more positive results than the Card Test in a field study performed in a highly endemic area in Liberia.
The present study compared the performance of the FTS and the Card Test in community surveys that were conducted in southern Sri Lanka and in Indonesia (Central Java) in areas with low-level persistence of LF following multiple rounds of MDA with diethylcarbamazine plus albendazole. The studies were performed in densely populated semi-urban areas where
Antigenemia rates by FTS were 138 % higher in the Sri Lanka study (43/852 vs. 18/852) and 21 % higher in the Indonesia study (50/778 vs. 41/778) than antigenemia rates by Card Test. Antigenemia rates were significantly higher in males than in females and higher in adults than in children in both study sites. Although overall antigenemia rates and test scores were significantly higher by FTS than by Card Test in both study areas, rates in young children were similar with both tests in both areas.
These results extend the previously reported superior sensitivity of the FTS to areas with low residual infection rates following MDA, and this could affect mapping and post-MDA survey results in adults. However, our findings suggest that results of transmission assessment surveys (TAS) performed in school-aged children are likely to be similar with both tests.
Url:
DOI: 10.1186/s13071-015-0979-y
PubMed: 26168919
PubMed Central: 4501213
Affiliations:
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PMC:4501213Le document en format XML
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title>
<p>Filarial antigen tests are key tools for mapping the distribution of bancroftian filariasis and for detecting areas with persistent infections following mass drug administration (MDA). A recent study showed that the new Alere Filariasis Test Strip (FTS) has better analytical sensitivity than the BinaxNOW Filariasis card test (Card Test) for detecting circulating filarial antigen, and the FTS detected more positive results than the Card Test in a field study performed in a highly endemic area in Liberia.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Methods</title>
<p>The present study compared the performance of the FTS and the Card Test in community surveys that were conducted in southern Sri Lanka and in Indonesia (Central Java) in areas with low-level persistence of LF following multiple rounds of MDA with diethylcarbamazine plus albendazole. The studies were performed in densely populated semi-urban areas where <italic>Wuchereria bancrofti</italic>
is transmitted by <italic>Culex quinquefasciatus</italic>
.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Results</title>
<p>Antigenemia rates by FTS were 138 % higher in the Sri Lanka study (43/852 vs. 18/852) and 21 % higher in the Indonesia study (50/778 vs. 41/778) than antigenemia rates by Card Test. Antigenemia rates were significantly higher in males than in females and higher in adults than in children in both study sites. Although overall antigenemia rates and test scores were significantly higher by FTS than by Card Test in both study areas, rates in young children were similar with both tests in both areas.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Conclusions</title>
<p>These results extend the previously reported superior sensitivity of the FTS to areas with low residual infection rates following MDA, and this could affect mapping and post-MDA survey results in adults. However, our findings suggest that results of transmission assessment surveys (TAS) performed in school-aged children are likely to be similar with both tests.</p>
</sec>
</div>
</front>
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<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research</subject>
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<title-group><article-title>A comparison of two tests for filarial antigenemia in areas in Sri Lanka and Indonesia with low-level persistence of lymphatic filariasis following mass drug administration</article-title>
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<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" equal-contrib="yes"><name><surname>Yahathugoda</surname>
<given-names>Thishan C.</given-names>
</name>
<address><email>tcyahath@yahoo.co.uk</email>
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<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff1"></xref>
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<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Supali</surname>
<given-names>Taniawati</given-names>
</name>
<address><email>taniawati.supali@gmail.com</email>
</address>
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<contrib contrib-type="author" equal-contrib="yes"><name><surname>Rao</surname>
<given-names>Ramakrishna U.</given-names>
</name>
<address><email>rrao@dom.wustl.edu</email>
</address>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff3"></xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Djuardi</surname>
<given-names>Yenny</given-names>
</name>
<address><email>yenny_djuardi@yahoo.com</email>
</address>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff2"></xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Stefani</surname>
<given-names>Difa</given-names>
</name>
<address><email>difastefanie@gmail.com</email>
</address>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff2"></xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Pical</surname>
<given-names>Femmy</given-names>
</name>
<address><email>femmy.pical@gmail.com</email>
</address>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff2"></xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Fischer</surname>
<given-names>Peter U.</given-names>
</name>
<address><email>PUfische@DOM.wustl.edu</email>
</address>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff3"></xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Lloyd</surname>
<given-names>Melanie M.</given-names>
</name>
<address><email>mlloyd@DOM.wustl.edu</email>
</address>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff3"></xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Premaratne</surname>
<given-names>Prasad H.</given-names>
</name>
<address><email>prasadpremaratne@yahoo.com</email>
</address>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff4"></xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Weerasooriya</surname>
<given-names>Mirani V.</given-names>
</name>
<address><email>miraniweera@yahoo.co.uk</email>
</address>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff1"></xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name><surname>Weil</surname>
<given-names>Gary J.</given-names>
</name>
<address><email>gweil@dom.wustl.edu</email>
</address>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff3"></xref>
</contrib>
<aff id="Aff1"><label></label>
Filariasis Research, Training and Service Unit, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ruhuna, Galle, Sri Lanka</aff>
<aff id="Aff2"><label></label>
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia</aff>
<aff id="Aff3"><label></label>
Department of Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases Division, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO USA</aff>
<aff id="Aff4"><label></label>
Department of Para Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, General Sir John Kotelawala Defence University, Kandawala Estate, Ratmalana, Sri Lanka</aff>
</contrib-group>
<pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day>
<month>7</month>
<year>2015</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>15</day>
<month>7</month>
<year>2015</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>8</volume>
<elocation-id>369</elocation-id>
<history><date date-type="received"><day>18</day>
<month>5</month>
<year>2015</year>
</date>
<date date-type="accepted"><day>1</day>
<month>7</month>
<year>2015</year>
</date>
</history>
<permissions><copyright-statement>© Yahathugoda et al. 2015</copyright-statement>
<license license-type="open-access"><license-p>This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ext-link>
), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/">http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/</ext-link>
) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<abstract id="Abs1"><sec><title>Background</title>
<p>Filarial antigen tests are key tools for mapping the distribution of bancroftian filariasis and for detecting areas with persistent infections following mass drug administration (MDA). A recent study showed that the new Alere Filariasis Test Strip (FTS) has better analytical sensitivity than the BinaxNOW Filariasis card test (Card Test) for detecting circulating filarial antigen, and the FTS detected more positive results than the Card Test in a field study performed in a highly endemic area in Liberia.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Methods</title>
<p>The present study compared the performance of the FTS and the Card Test in community surveys that were conducted in southern Sri Lanka and in Indonesia (Central Java) in areas with low-level persistence of LF following multiple rounds of MDA with diethylcarbamazine plus albendazole. The studies were performed in densely populated semi-urban areas where <italic>Wuchereria bancrofti</italic>
is transmitted by <italic>Culex quinquefasciatus</italic>
.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Results</title>
<p>Antigenemia rates by FTS were 138 % higher in the Sri Lanka study (43/852 vs. 18/852) and 21 % higher in the Indonesia study (50/778 vs. 41/778) than antigenemia rates by Card Test. Antigenemia rates were significantly higher in males than in females and higher in adults than in children in both study sites. Although overall antigenemia rates and test scores were significantly higher by FTS than by Card Test in both study areas, rates in young children were similar with both tests in both areas.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Conclusions</title>
<p>These results extend the previously reported superior sensitivity of the FTS to areas with low residual infection rates following MDA, and this could affect mapping and post-MDA survey results in adults. However, our findings suggest that results of transmission assessment surveys (TAS) performed in school-aged children are likely to be similar with both tests.</p>
</sec>
</abstract>
<kwd-group xml:lang="en"><title>Keywords</title>
<kwd>Lymphatic filariasis</kwd>
<kwd><italic>Wuchereria bancrofti</italic>
</kwd>
<kwd>Diagnosis</kwd>
<kwd>Antigenemia</kwd>
<kwd>Elimination</kwd>
<kwd>Mass drug administration</kwd>
<kwd>Sri Lanka</kwd>
<kwd>Indonesia</kwd>
</kwd-group>
<custom-meta-group><custom-meta><meta-name>issue-copyright-statement</meta-name>
<meta-value>© The Author(s) 2015</meta-value>
</custom-meta>
</custom-meta-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
</pmc>
<affiliations><list><country><li>Indonésie</li>
<li>Sri Lanka</li>
<li>États-Unis</li>
</country>
<region><li>Missouri (État)</li>
</region>
</list>
<tree><country name="Sri Lanka"><noRegion><name sortKey="Yahathugoda, Thishan C" sort="Yahathugoda, Thishan C" uniqKey="Yahathugoda T" first="Thishan C." last="Yahathugoda">Thishan C. Yahathugoda</name>
</noRegion>
<name sortKey="Premaratne, Prasad H" sort="Premaratne, Prasad H" uniqKey="Premaratne P" first="Prasad H." last="Premaratne">Prasad H. Premaratne</name>
<name sortKey="Weerasooriya, Mirani V" sort="Weerasooriya, Mirani V" uniqKey="Weerasooriya M" first="Mirani V." last="Weerasooriya">Mirani V. Weerasooriya</name>
</country>
<country name="Indonésie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Supali, Taniawati" sort="Supali, Taniawati" uniqKey="Supali T" first="Taniawati" last="Supali">Taniawati Supali</name>
</noRegion>
<name sortKey="Djuardi, Yenny" sort="Djuardi, Yenny" uniqKey="Djuardi Y" first="Yenny" last="Djuardi">Yenny Djuardi</name>
<name sortKey="Pical, Femmy" sort="Pical, Femmy" uniqKey="Pical F" first="Femmy" last="Pical">Femmy Pical</name>
<name sortKey="Stefani, Difa" sort="Stefani, Difa" uniqKey="Stefani D" first="Difa" last="Stefani">Difa Stefani</name>
</country>
<country name="États-Unis"><region name="Missouri (État)"><name sortKey="Rao, Ramakrishna U" sort="Rao, Ramakrishna U" uniqKey="Rao R" first="Ramakrishna U." last="Rao">Ramakrishna U. Rao</name>
</region>
<name sortKey="Fischer, Peter U" sort="Fischer, Peter U" uniqKey="Fischer P" first="Peter U." last="Fischer">Peter U. Fischer</name>
<name sortKey="Lloyd, Melanie M" sort="Lloyd, Melanie M" uniqKey="Lloyd M" first="Melanie M." last="Lloyd">Melanie M. Lloyd</name>
<name sortKey="Weil, Gary J" sort="Weil, Gary J" uniqKey="Weil G" first="Gary J." last="Weil">Gary J. Weil</name>
</country>
</tree>
</affiliations>
</record>
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