Management of Chyle Leak after Head and Neck Surgery: Review of Current Treatment Strategies
Identifieur interne : 008D33 ( Ncbi/Merge ); précédent : 008D32; suivant : 008D34Management of Chyle Leak after Head and Neck Surgery: Review of Current Treatment Strategies
Auteurs : Sean W. Delaney [États-Unis] ; Haoran Shi [États-Unis] ; Alireza Shokrani [États-Unis] ; Uttam K. Sinha [États-Unis]Source :
- International Journal of Otolaryngology [ 1687-9201 ] ; 2017.
Abstract
Chyle leak formation is an uncommon but serious sequela of head and neck surgery when the thoracic duct is inadvertently injured, particularly with the resection of malignancy low in the neck. The thoracic duct is the primary structure that returns lymph and chyle from the entire left and right lower half of the body. Chyle extravasation can result in delayed wound healing, dehydration, malnutrition, electrolyte disturbances, and immunosuppression. Prompt identification and treatment of a chyle leak are essential for optimal surgical outcome. In this article we will review the current treatment options for iatrogenic cervical chyle leaks.
Url:
DOI: 10.1155/2017/8362874
PubMed: 28203252
PubMed Central: 5288539
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
- to stream Pmc, to step Corpus: 004A78
- to stream Pmc, to step Curation: 004A77
- to stream Pmc, to step Checkpoint: 000197
Links to Exploration step
PMC:5288539Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Management of Chyle Leak after Head and Neck Surgery: Review of Current Treatment Strategies</title><author><name sortKey="Delaney, Sean W" sort="Delaney, Sean W" uniqKey="Delaney S" first="Sean W." last="Delaney">Sean W. Delaney</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="I1">Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1540 Alcazar St, Suite 204Q, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1540 Alcazar St, Suite 204Q, Los Angeles, CA 90033</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Californie du Sud</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Los Angeles</settlement><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shi, Haoran" sort="Shi, Haoran" uniqKey="Shi H" first="Haoran" last="Shi">Haoran Shi</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="I2">Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Californie du Sud</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Los Angeles</settlement><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shokrani, Alireza" sort="Shokrani, Alireza" uniqKey="Shokrani A" first="Alireza" last="Shokrani">Alireza Shokrani</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="I1">Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1540 Alcazar St, Suite 204Q, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1540 Alcazar St, Suite 204Q, Los Angeles, CA 90033</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Californie du Sud</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Los Angeles</settlement><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sinha, Uttam K" sort="Sinha, Uttam K" uniqKey="Sinha U" first="Uttam K." last="Sinha">Uttam K. Sinha</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="I1">Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1540 Alcazar St, Suite 204Q, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1540 Alcazar St, Suite 204Q, Los Angeles, CA 90033</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Californie du Sud</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Los Angeles</settlement><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">28203252</idno><idno type="pmc">5288539</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5288539</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:5288539</idno><idno type="doi">10.1155/2017/8362874</idno><date when="2017">2017</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">004A78</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">004A78</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">004A77</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">004A77</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000197</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000197</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Merge">008D33</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Management of Chyle Leak after Head and Neck Surgery: Review of Current Treatment Strategies</title><author><name sortKey="Delaney, Sean W" sort="Delaney, Sean W" uniqKey="Delaney S" first="Sean W." last="Delaney">Sean W. Delaney</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="I1">Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1540 Alcazar St, Suite 204Q, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1540 Alcazar St, Suite 204Q, Los Angeles, CA 90033</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Californie du Sud</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Los Angeles</settlement><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shi, Haoran" sort="Shi, Haoran" uniqKey="Shi H" first="Haoran" last="Shi">Haoran Shi</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="I2">Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Californie du Sud</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Los Angeles</settlement><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shokrani, Alireza" sort="Shokrani, Alireza" uniqKey="Shokrani A" first="Alireza" last="Shokrani">Alireza Shokrani</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="I1">Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1540 Alcazar St, Suite 204Q, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1540 Alcazar St, Suite 204Q, Los Angeles, CA 90033</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Californie du Sud</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Los Angeles</settlement><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sinha, Uttam K" sort="Sinha, Uttam K" uniqKey="Sinha U" first="Uttam K." last="Sinha">Uttam K. Sinha</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="I1">Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1540 Alcazar St, Suite 204Q, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1540 Alcazar St, Suite 204Q, Los Angeles, CA 90033</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Californie du Sud</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Los Angeles</settlement><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">International Journal of Otolaryngology</title><idno type="ISSN">1687-9201</idno><idno type="eISSN">1687-921X</idno><imprint><date when="2017">2017</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Chyle leak formation is an uncommon but serious sequela of head and neck surgery when the thoracic duct is inadvertently injured, particularly with the resection of malignancy low in the neck. The thoracic duct is the primary structure that returns lymph and chyle from the entire left and right lower half of the body. Chyle extravasation can result in delayed wound healing, dehydration, malnutrition, electrolyte disturbances, and immunosuppression. Prompt identification and treatment of a chyle leak are essential for optimal surgical outcome. In this article we will review the current treatment options for iatrogenic cervical chyle leaks. </p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lee, Y S" uniqKey="Lee Y">Y. S. Lee</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kim, B W" uniqKey="Kim B">B.-W. Kim</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chang, H S" uniqKey="Chang H">H.-S. Chang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Park, C S" uniqKey="Park C">C. S. Park</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lorenz, K" uniqKey="Lorenz K">K. Lorenz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Abuazab, M" uniqKey="Abuazab M">M. Abuazab</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sekulla, C" uniqKey="Sekulla C">C. Sekulla</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nguyen Thanh, P" uniqKey="Nguyen Thanh P">P. Nguyen-Thanh</name></author><author><name sortKey="Brauckhoff, M" uniqKey="Brauckhoff M">M. Brauckhoff</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dralle, H" uniqKey="Dralle H">H. Dralle</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Roh, J L" uniqKey="Roh J">J.-L. Roh</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yoon, Y H" uniqKey="Yoon Y">Y.-H. Yoon</name></author><author><name sortKey="Park, C I" uniqKey="Park C">C. I. Park</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Rammal, A" uniqKey="Rammal A">A. Rammal</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zawawi, F" uniqKey="Zawawi F">F. Zawawi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Varshney, R" uniqKey="Varshney R">R. Varshney</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hier, M P" uniqKey="Hier M">M. P. Hier</name></author><author><name sortKey="Payne, R J" uniqKey="Payne R">R. J. Payne</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mlynarek, A M" uniqKey="Mlynarek A">A. M. Mlynarek</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Dhiwakar, M" uniqKey="Dhiwakar M">M. Dhiwakar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nambi, G I" uniqKey="Nambi G">G. I. Nambi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ramanikanth, T V" uniqKey="Ramanikanth T">T. V. Ramanikanth</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Nussenbaum, B" uniqKey="Nussenbaum B">B. Nussenbaum</name></author><author><name sortKey="Liu, J H" uniqKey="Liu J">J. H. Liu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sinard, R J" uniqKey="Sinard R">R. J. Sinard</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Langford, R J" uniqKey="Langford R">R. J. Langford</name></author><author><name sortKey="Daudia, A T" uniqKey="Daudia A">A. T. Daudia</name></author><author><name sortKey="Malins, T J" uniqKey="Malins T">T. J. Malins</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Crumley, R L" uniqKey="Crumley R">R. L. Crumley</name></author><author><name sortKey="Smith, J D" uniqKey="Smith J">J. D. Smith</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Sabin, F" uniqKey="Sabin F">F. Sabin</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Yu, D X" uniqKey="Yu D">D.-X. Yu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ma, X X" uniqKey="Ma X">X.-X. Ma</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, X M" uniqKey="Zhang X">X.-M. Zhang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Q" uniqKey="Wang Q">Q. Wang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Li, C F" uniqKey="Li C">C.-F. Li</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Phang, K L" uniqKey="Phang K">K. L. Phang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bowman, M" uniqKey="Bowman M">M. Bowman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Phillips, A" uniqKey="Phillips A">A. Phillips</name></author><author><name sortKey="Windsor, J" uniqKey="Windsor J">J. Windsor</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Greenfield, J" uniqKey="Greenfield J">J. Greenfield</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gottlieb, M I" uniqKey="Gottlieb M">M. I. Gottlieb</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Davis, H K" uniqKey="Davis H">H. K. Davis</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ammar, K" uniqKey="Ammar K">K. Ammar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tubbs, R S" uniqKey="Tubbs R">R. S. Tubbs</name></author><author><name sortKey="Smyth, M D" uniqKey="Smyth M">M. D. Smyth</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Loukas, M" uniqKey="Loukas M">M. Loukas</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wartmann, C T" uniqKey="Wartmann C">C. T. Wartmann</name></author><author><name sortKey="Louis, R G" uniqKey="Louis R">R. G. Louis</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kwon, S S" uniqKey="Kwon S">S. S. Kwon</name></author><author><name sortKey="Falk, A" uniqKey="Falk A">A. Falk</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mitty, H A" uniqKey="Mitty H">H. A. Mitty</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hart, A K E" uniqKey="Hart A">A. K. E. Hart</name></author><author><name sortKey="Greinwald, J H" uniqKey="Greinwald J">J. H. Greinwald</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shaffrey, C I" uniqKey="Shaffrey C">C. I. Shaffrey</name></author><author><name sortKey="Postma, G N" uniqKey="Postma G">G. N. Postma</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Pernis, P A V" uniqKey="Pernis P">P. A. V. Pernis</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Co Kun, A" uniqKey="Co Kun A">A. Coşkun</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yildirim, M" uniqKey="Yildirim M">M. Yildirim</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ulibarri, J I" uniqKey="Ulibarri J">J. I. Ulíbarri</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sanz, Y" uniqKey="Sanz Y">Y. Sanz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fuentes, C" uniqKey="Fuentes C">C. Fuentes</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mancha, A" uniqKey="Mancha A">A. Mancha</name></author><author><name sortKey="Aramendia, M" uniqKey="Aramendia M">M. Aramendia</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sanchez, S" uniqKey="Sanchez S">S. Sánchez</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ahn, D" uniqKey="Ahn D">D. Ahn</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, D J" uniqKey="Lee D">D. J. Lee</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sohn, J H" uniqKey="Sohn J">J. H. Sohn</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yoon, S P" uniqKey="Yoon S">S. P. Yoon</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Al Sebeih, K" uniqKey="Al Sebeih K">K. Al-Sebeih</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sadeghi, N" uniqKey="Sadeghi N">N. Sadeghi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Dhahri, S" uniqKey="Al Dhahri S">S. Al-Dhahri</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Harlak, A" uniqKey="Harlak A">A. Harlak</name></author><author><name sortKey="Karahatay, S" uniqKey="Karahatay S">S. Karahatay</name></author><author><name sortKey="Onguru, O" uniqKey="Onguru O">O. Onguru</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mentes, O" uniqKey="Mentes O">O. Mentes</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gerek, M" uniqKey="Gerek M">M. Gerek</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tufan, T" uniqKey="Tufan T">T. Tufan</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Jain, A" uniqKey="Jain A">A. Jain</name></author><author><name sortKey="Singh, S N" uniqKey="Singh S">S. N. Singh</name></author><author><name sortKey="Singhal, P" uniqKey="Singhal P">P. Singhal</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sharma, M P" uniqKey="Sharma M">M. P. Sharma</name></author><author><name sortKey="Grover, M" uniqKey="Grover M">M. Grover</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Jimenez, P P" uniqKey="Jimenez P">P. P. Jiménez</name></author><author><name sortKey="Guirao, M V C" uniqKey="Guirao M">M. V. C. Guirao</name></author><author><name sortKey="Blanco, R R" uniqKey="Blanco R">R. R. Blanco</name></author><author><name sortKey="Marino, R G" uniqKey="Marino R">R. G. Marino</name></author><author><name sortKey="Velasco, G R" uniqKey="Velasco G">G. R. Velasco</name></author><author><name sortKey="Villanueva, A G" uniqKey="Villanueva A">A. G. Villanueva</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="El Dabe Mikhail, A" uniqKey="El Dabe Mikhail A">A. El Dabe Mikhail</name></author><author><name sortKey="Reoyo Pascual, J F" uniqKey="Reoyo Pascual J">J. F. Reoyo Pascual</name></author><author><name sortKey="Seco Gil, J L" uniqKey="Seco Gil J">J. L. Seco Gil</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Nyquist, G G" uniqKey="Nyquist G">G. G. Nyquist</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hagr, A" uniqKey="Hagr A">A. Hagr</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sobol, S E" uniqKey="Sobol S">S. E. Sobol</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hier, M P" uniqKey="Hier M">M. P. Hier</name></author><author><name sortKey="Black, M J" uniqKey="Black M">M. J. Black</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ogi, K" uniqKey="Ogi K">K. Ogi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Manabe, Y" uniqKey="Manabe Y">Y. Manabe</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kimura, Y" uniqKey="Kimura Y">Y. Kimura</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fujieda, S" uniqKey="Fujieda S">S. Fujieda</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Prabhu, S" uniqKey="Prabhu S">S. Prabhu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Thomas, S" uniqKey="Thomas S">S. Thomas</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Rodier, J F" uniqKey="Rodier J">J.-F. Rodier</name></author><author><name sortKey="Volkmar, P P" uniqKey="Volkmar P">P.-P. Volkmar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bodin, F" uniqKey="Bodin F">F. Bodin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Frigo, S" uniqKey="Frigo S">S. Frigo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ciftci, S" uniqKey="Ciftci S">S. Ciftci</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dahlet, C" uniqKey="Dahlet C">C. Dahlet</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Srikumar, S" uniqKey="Srikumar S">S. Srikumar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Newton, J R" uniqKey="Newton J">J. R. Newton</name></author><author><name sortKey="Westin, T A B" uniqKey="Westin T">T. A. B. Westin</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Suver, D W" uniqKey="Suver D">D. W. Suver</name></author><author><name sortKey="Perkins, J A" uniqKey="Perkins J">J. A. Perkins</name></author><author><name sortKey="Manning, S C" uniqKey="Manning S">S. C. Manning</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Suslu, N" uniqKey="Suslu N">N. Suslu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sozeri, B" uniqKey="Sozeri B">B. Sozeri</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hosal, A S" uniqKey="Hosal A">A. S. Hosal</name></author><author><name sortKey="Demircin, M" uniqKey="Demircin M">M. Demircin</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Swanson, M S" uniqKey="Swanson M">M. S. Swanson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hudson, R L" uniqKey="Hudson R">R. L. Hudson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bhandari, N" uniqKey="Bhandari N">N. Bhandari</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sinha, U K" uniqKey="Sinha U">U. K. Sinha</name></author><author><name sortKey="Maceri, D R" uniqKey="Maceri D">D. R. Maceri</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kokot, N" uniqKey="Kokot N">N. Kokot</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Touska, P" uniqKey="Touska P">P. Touska</name></author><author><name sortKey="Constantinides, V A" uniqKey="Constantinides V">V. A. Constantinides</name></author><author><name sortKey="Palazzo, F F" uniqKey="Palazzo F">F. F. Palazzo</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Valentine, C N" uniqKey="Valentine C">C. N. Valentine</name></author><author><name sortKey="Barresi, R" uniqKey="Barresi R">R. Barresi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Prinz, R A" uniqKey="Prinz R">R. A. Prinz</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Khurana, H" uniqKey="Khurana H">H. Khurana</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mishra, S" uniqKey="Mishra S">S. Mishra</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jain, R" uniqKey="Jain R">R. Jain</name></author><author><name sortKey="Goyal, G N" uniqKey="Goyal G">G. N. Goyal</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bhatnagar, S" uniqKey="Bhatnagar S">S. Bhatnagar</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Schuenke, M" uniqKey="Schuenke M">M. Schuenke</name></author><author><name sortKey="Schulte, E" uniqKey="Schulte E">E. Schulte</name></author><author><name sortKey="Schumacher, U" uniqKey="Schumacher U">U. Schumacher</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ross, L M" uniqKey="Ross L">L. M. Ross</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lamperti, E D" uniqKey="Lamperti E">E. D. Lamperti</name></author><author><name sortKey="Voll, M" uniqKey="Voll M">M. Voll</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ilczyszyn, A" uniqKey="Ilczyszyn A">A. Ilczyszyn</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ridha, H" uniqKey="Ridha H">H. Ridha</name></author><author><name sortKey="Durrani, A J" uniqKey="Durrani A">A. J. Durrani</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Bach, A C" uniqKey="Bach A">A. C. Bach</name></author><author><name sortKey="Babayan, V K" uniqKey="Babayan V">V. K. Babayan</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ahn, D" uniqKey="Ahn D">D. Ahn</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sohn, J H" uniqKey="Sohn J">J. H. Sohn</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jeong, J Y" uniqKey="Jeong J">J. Y. Jeong</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Jiang, H" uniqKey="Jiang H">H. Jiang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Deng, X F" uniqKey="Deng X">X. F. Deng</name></author><author><name sortKey="Duan, C M" uniqKey="Duan C">C. M. Duan</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Broughton, G" uniqKey="Broughton G">G. Broughton</name></author><author><name sortKey="Janis, J E" uniqKey="Janis J">J. E. Janis</name></author><author><name sortKey="Attinger, C E" uniqKey="Attinger C">C. E. Attinger</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Cernea, C R" uniqKey="Cernea C">C. R. Cernea</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hojaij, F C" uniqKey="Hojaij F">F. C. Hojaij</name></author><author><name sortKey="De Carlucci, D" uniqKey="De Carlucci D">D. De Carlucci</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Polistena, A" uniqKey="Polistena A">A. Polistena</name></author><author><name sortKey="Monacelli, M" uniqKey="Monacelli M">M. Monacelli</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lucchini, R" uniqKey="Lucchini R">R. Lucchini</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Rodgers, G K" uniqKey="Rodgers G">G. K. Rodgers</name></author><author><name sortKey="Johnson, J T" uniqKey="Johnson J">J. T. Johnson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Petruzzelli, G J" uniqKey="Petruzzelli G">G. J. Petruzzelli</name></author><author><name sortKey="Warty, V S" uniqKey="Warty V">V. S. Warty</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wagner, R L" uniqKey="Wagner R">R. L. Wagner</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Erisen, L" uniqKey="Erisen L">L. Erisen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Coskun, H" uniqKey="Coskun H">H. Coskun</name></author><author><name sortKey="Basut, O" uniqKey="Basut O">O. Basut</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Fitz Hugh, G S" uniqKey="Fitz Hugh G">G. S. Fitz Hugh</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cowgill, R" uniqKey="Cowgill R">R. Cowgill</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="De Gier, H H W" uniqKey="De Gier H">H. H. W. De Gier</name></author><author><name sortKey="Balm, A J M" uniqKey="Balm A">A. J. M. Balm</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bruning, P F" uniqKey="Bruning P">P. F. Bruning</name></author><author><name sortKey="Theo Gregor, R" uniqKey="Theo Gregor R">R. Theo Gregor</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hilgers, F J M" uniqKey="Hilgers F">F. J. M. Hilgers</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lee, Y S" uniqKey="Lee Y">Y. S. Lee</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nam, K H" uniqKey="Nam K">K.-H. Nam</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chung, W Y" uniqKey="Chung W">W. Y. Chung</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chang, H S" uniqKey="Chang H">H.-S. Chang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Park, C S" uniqKey="Park C">C. S. Park</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Campisi, C C" uniqKey="Campisi C">C. C. Campisi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Boccardo, F" uniqKey="Boccardo F">F. Boccardo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Piazza, C" uniqKey="Piazza C">C. Piazza</name></author><author><name sortKey="Campisi, C" uniqKey="Campisi C">C. Campisi</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Martin, I C" uniqKey="Martin I">I. C. Martin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Marinho, L H" uniqKey="Marinho L">L. H. Marinho</name></author><author><name sortKey="Brown, A E" uniqKey="Brown A">A. E. Brown</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mcrobbie, D" uniqKey="Mcrobbie D">D. McRobbie</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Belloso, A" uniqKey="Belloso A">A. Belloso</name></author><author><name sortKey="Saravanan, K" uniqKey="Saravanan K">K. Saravanan</name></author><author><name sortKey="De Carpentier, J" uniqKey="De Carpentier J">J. De Carpentier</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Mccray, S" uniqKey="Mccray S">S. McCray</name></author><author><name sortKey="Parrish, C R" uniqKey="Parrish C">C. R. Parrish</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Knochel, J P" uniqKey="Knochel J">J. P. Knochel</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lucente, F E" uniqKey="Lucente F">F. E. Lucente</name></author><author><name sortKey="Diktaban, T" uniqKey="Diktaban T">T. Diktaban</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lawson, W" uniqKey="Lawson W">W. Lawson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Biller, H F" uniqKey="Biller H">H. F. Biller</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Brazeau, P" uniqKey="Brazeau P">P. Brazeau</name></author><author><name sortKey="Vale, W" uniqKey="Vale W">W. Vale</name></author><author><name sortKey="Burgus, R" uniqKey="Burgus R">R. Burgus</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Buettiker, V" uniqKey="Buettiker V">V. Buettiker</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hug, M" uniqKey="Hug M">M. Hug</name></author><author><name sortKey="Burger, R" uniqKey="Burger R">R. Burger</name></author><author><name sortKey="Baenziger, O" uniqKey="Baenziger O">O. Baenziger</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Nakabayashi, H" uniqKey="Nakabayashi H">H. Nakabayashi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sagara, H" uniqKey="Sagara H">H. Sagara</name></author><author><name sortKey="Usukura, N" uniqKey="Usukura N">N. Usukura</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Rimensberger, P C" uniqKey="Rimensberger P">P. C. Rimensberger</name></author><author><name sortKey="Muller Schenker, B" uniqKey="Muller Schenker B">B. Müller-Schenker</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kalangos, A" uniqKey="Kalangos A">A. Kalangos</name></author><author><name sortKey="Beghetti, M" uniqKey="Beghetti M">M. Beghetti</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Davis, S N" uniqKey="Davis S">S. N. Davis</name></author><author><name sortKey="Granner, D K" uniqKey="Granner D">D. K. Granner</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kirse, D J" uniqKey="Kirse D">D. J. Kirse</name></author><author><name sortKey="Suen, J Y" uniqKey="Suen J">J. Y. Suen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Stern, S J" uniqKey="Stern S">S. J. Stern</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Muthusami, J C" uniqKey="Muthusami J">J. C. Muthusami</name></author><author><name sortKey="Raj, J P" uniqKey="Raj J">J. P. Raj</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gladwin, D" uniqKey="Gladwin D">D. Gladwin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gaikwad, P" uniqKey="Gaikwad P">P. Gaikwad</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sylvester, S" uniqKey="Sylvester S">S. Sylvester</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Gregor, R T" uniqKey="Gregor R">R. T. Gregor</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Anestis, N" uniqKey="Anestis N">N. Anestis</name></author><author><name sortKey="Christos, F C" uniqKey="Christos F">F.-C. Christos</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ioannis, P" uniqKey="Ioannis P">P. Ioannis</name></author><author><name sortKey="Christos, I" uniqKey="Christos I">I. Christos</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lampros, P" uniqKey="Lampros P">P. Lampros</name></author><author><name sortKey="Stephanos, P" uniqKey="Stephanos P">P. Stephanos</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Gunnlaugsson, C B" uniqKey="Gunnlaugsson C">C. B. Gunnlaugsson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Iannettoni, M D" uniqKey="Iannettoni M">M. D. Iannettoni</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yu, B" uniqKey="Yu B">B. Yu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chepeha, D B" uniqKey="Chepeha D">D. B. Chepeha</name></author><author><name sortKey="Teknos, T N" uniqKey="Teknos T">T. N. Teknos</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Cope, C" uniqKey="Cope C">C. Cope</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lapp, G C" uniqKey="Lapp G">G. C. Lapp</name></author><author><name sortKey="Brown, D H" uniqKey="Brown D">D. H. Brown</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gullane, P J" uniqKey="Gullane P">P. J. Gullane</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mckneally, M" uniqKey="Mckneally M">M. McKneally</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><pmc article-type="review-article"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Int J Otolaryngol</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Int J Otolaryngol</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">IJOTO</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>International Journal of Otolaryngology</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1687-9201</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1687-921X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Hindawi Publishing Corporation</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">28203252</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">5288539</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1155/2017/8362874</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Management of Chyle Leak after Head and Neck Surgery: Review of Current Treatment Strategies</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid" authenticated="false">http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8587-7009</contrib-id><name><surname>Delaney</surname><given-names>Sean W.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1"><sup>1</sup></xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"><sup>*</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Shi</surname><given-names>Haoran</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="I2"><sup>2</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid" authenticated="false">http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3924-892X</contrib-id><name><surname>Shokrani</surname><given-names>Alireza</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Sinha</surname><given-names>Uttam K.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="I1"><sup>1</sup>Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1540 Alcazar St, Suite 204Q, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA</aff><aff id="I2"><sup>2</sup>Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA</aff><author-notes><corresp id="cor1">*Sean W. Delaney: <email>seanwdelaney@gmail.com</email></corresp><fn fn-type="other"><p>Academic Editor: Jan Betka</p></fn></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>1</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>2017</volume><elocation-id>8362874</elocation-id><history><date date-type="received"><day>13</day><month>9</month><year>2016</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>7</day><month>12</month><year>2016</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright © 2017 Sean W. Delaney et al.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><license xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"><license-p>This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</license-p></license></permissions><abstract><p>Chyle leak formation is an uncommon but serious sequela of head and neck surgery when the thoracic duct is inadvertently injured, particularly with the resection of malignancy low in the neck. The thoracic duct is the primary structure that returns lymph and chyle from the entire left and right lower half of the body. Chyle extravasation can result in delayed wound healing, dehydration, malnutrition, electrolyte disturbances, and immunosuppression. Prompt identification and treatment of a chyle leak are essential for optimal surgical outcome. In this article we will review the current treatment options for iatrogenic cervical chyle leaks. </p></abstract></article-meta></front><floats-group><fig id="fig1" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Figure 1</label><caption><p>Lymphatic division. The right lymphatic duct collects lymph from the right side of the body, above the diaphragm. The thoracic duct receives lymph from the entire left side of the body and the right side of the body below the diaphragm.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="IJOTO2017-8362874.001"></graphic></fig><fig id="fig2" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Figure 2</label><caption><p>Cervical course of the thoracic duct. The thoracic duct enters the neck lateral to the esophagus, ascending superiorly and laterally behind to the carotid and internal jugular vein before turning inferiorly and anteriorly to join the venous circulation at the confluence of the internal jugular vein and subclavian vein.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="IJOTO2017-8362874.002"></graphic></fig><fig id="fig3" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Figure 3</label><caption><p>Proposed treatment algorithm for the postoperative chyle leak.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="IJOTO2017-8362874.003"></graphic></fig><table-wrap id="tab1" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Table 1</label><caption><p>Diagnosing a chyle leak.</p></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Clinical</th><th align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Drain output biochemical assay</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">(i) Sudden increase in drain output, especially immediately following enteral feeding<break></break>(ii) Supraclavicular erythema, lymphedema, or palpable fluid collection<break></break>(iii) Creamy or milky drain output<break></break></td><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">(i) Triglyceride > 100 mg/dL<break></break>(ii) Triglyceride > serum triglyceride level<break></break>(iii) Presence of chylomicrons</td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap><table-wrap id="tab2" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Table 2</label><caption><p>Literature review of somatostatin and octreotide for treatment of chyle leak.</p></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Author</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Year</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Patients</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Surgery</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Treatment dosage</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Treatment duration</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Treatment start to leak cessation</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Additional measures</th><th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Comments</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td colspan="9" align="center" rowspan="1">Somatostatin</td></tr><tr><td align="center" colspan="9" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Coşkun and Yildirim [<xref rid="B59" ref-type="bibr">19</xref>]</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2010</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Thyroidectomy + L MRND</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3 mg iv Qday</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5 days</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1 day</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Suction drainage<break></break>Dietary modifications<break></break></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td></tr><tr><td align="center" colspan="9" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Ulíbarb et al. [<xref rid="B42" ref-type="bibr">20</xref>]</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1990</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Supraglottic laryngectomy + L MRND</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6 mg iv Qday</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">12 days</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5 days</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Suction drainage<break></break>Dietary modifications<break></break>Pressure dressing<break></break></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td></tr><tr><td align="center" colspan="9" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td colspan="9" align="center" rowspan="1">Octreotide</td></tr><tr><td align="center" colspan="9" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Ahn et al. [<xref rid="B60" ref-type="bibr">21</xref>]</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2012</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">L MRND (1) <break></break>Thyroidectomy + R MRND (1)</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">100 <italic>µ</italic>g sc Q8–12</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">11 days</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">11 days</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Suction drainage<break></break>Pressure dressing</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td></tr><tr><td align="center" colspan="9" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Al-Sebeih et al. [<xref rid="B56" ref-type="bibr">22</xref>]</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2001</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Total laryngectomy + B MRND</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">100 <italic>µ</italic>g sc Q8</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Not specified</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3 days</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Suction drainage<break></break>Dietary modifications<break></break></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">B chylothoraces requiring chest tubes</td></tr><tr><td align="center" colspan="9" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Harlak et al. [<xref rid="B49" ref-type="bibr">23</xref>]</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2008</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">R MRND</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">100 <italic>µ</italic>g sc Q8</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">15 days</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">15 days</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Suction drainage<break></break>Dietary modifications<break></break>Pressure dressing<break></break>Surgical exploration w/fibrin glue</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Metastatic breast cancer<break></break>Reexploration for persistent leak</td></tr><tr><td align="center" colspan="9" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Jain et al. [<xref rid="B45" ref-type="bibr">24</xref>]</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2015</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">19</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Left neck dissection (19)</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">100 <italic>µ</italic>g sc Q8</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Low output 5 days<break></break>High output 7 days</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Low output 2–4 days<break></break>High output 5 days</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Suction drainage<break></break>Dietary modifications <break></break>Pressure dressing</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Low output <500 mL/24 hours,<break></break>high output >500 mL/24 hours<break></break></td></tr><tr><td align="center" colspan="9" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Jiménez et al. [<xref rid="B50" ref-type="bibr">25</xref>]</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2008</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Thyroidectomy + B MRND</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">100 <italic>µ</italic>g sc Q8 > somatostatin 6 mg iv Qday</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">11 days</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">N/A</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Suction drainage<break></break>Dietary modifications<break></break>Surgical Exploration<break></break></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Right sided chyle leak<break></break>Leak resolved with definitive surgical intervention<break></break>Switched from octreotide to somatostatin</td></tr><tr><td align="center" colspan="9" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">El Dabe Mikhail et al. [<xref rid="B61" ref-type="bibr">26</xref>]</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2009</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Thyroidectomy</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Not specified</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5 days</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5 days</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Dietary modifications<break></break>Pressure dressing<break></break></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td align="center" colspan="9" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Nyquist et al. [<xref rid="B48" ref-type="bibr">27</xref>]</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2003</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Thyroidectomy + L MRND</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">100 <italic>µ</italic>g sc Q8</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8 days</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1 day</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Suction drainage<break></break>Dietary modifications<break></break>Pressure dressing<break></break></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td></tr><tr><td align="center" colspan="9" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Ogi et al. [<xref rid="B62" ref-type="bibr">28</xref>]</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2013</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Thyroidectomy + B MRND</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">100 <italic>µ</italic>g sc Q12</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3 days</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3 days</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Suction drainage <break></break>Dietary modifications<break></break></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td></tr><tr><td align="center" colspan="9" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Prabhu and Thomas [<xref rid="B63" ref-type="bibr">29</xref>]</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2015</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">L radical neck dissection</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">100 <italic>µ</italic>g sc Q8</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">14 days</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">14 days</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Suction drainage <break></break>Dietary modifications<break></break>Surgical exploration w/tetracycline</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">L chylothorax<break></break>Side effect: vomiting</td></tr><tr><td align="center" colspan="9" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Rodier et al. [<xref rid="B64" ref-type="bibr">30</xref>]</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2011</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Thyroidectomy + central & L MRND (1)</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">100 <italic>µ</italic>g sc Q8</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6 days</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6 days</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Suction drainage <break></break>Dietary modifications</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td></tr><tr><td align="center" colspan="9" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Srikumar et al. [<xref rid="B65" ref-type="bibr">31</xref>]</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2006</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">L radical neck dissection</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">200 <italic>µ</italic>g sc Qday</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">14 days</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">14 days</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Suction drainage<break></break>Dietary modifications</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">B chylothoraces requiring chest tubes<break></break></td></tr><tr><td align="center" colspan="9" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Suver et al. [<xref rid="B66" ref-type="bibr">32</xref>]</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2004</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">B MRND + mediastinal dissection</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4 <italic>µ</italic>g/kg/hr</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Suction drainage<break></break>Dietary modifications</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Lymphatic malformation in 10-month-old child</td></tr><tr><td align="center" colspan="9" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Suslu et al. [<xref rid="B67" ref-type="bibr">33</xref>]</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2014</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Thyroidectomy + L MRND (1) Thyroidectomy + B MRND (1)<break></break>Radical neck dissection (1)</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">100 <italic>µ</italic>g sc Q8</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7.5</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6.5</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Suction drainage <break></break>Dietary modifications<break></break>Surgical exploration</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">L chylothorax (1)<break></break>Failed surgical exploration (2)<break></break>Laterality not specified</td></tr><tr><td align="center" colspan="9" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Swanson et al. [<xref rid="B22" ref-type="bibr">34</xref>]</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2015</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">12</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">L MRND (3) <break></break>R MRND (1) <break></break>Thyroidectomy + B MRND (3) Thyroidectomy (4) <break></break>Parathyroidectomy (1)</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">100 <italic>µ</italic>g sc Q8</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">9.4</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5.5</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Suction drainage <break></break>Dietary modifications</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td></tr><tr><td align="center" colspan="9" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Touska et al. [<xref rid="B46" ref-type="bibr">35</xref>]</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2002</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">R completion thyroid lobectomy</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">200 <italic>µ</italic>g sc Q8</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">17</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">10</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Suction drainage <break></break>Dietary modifications</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No suction drain initially<break></break>Reoperation for suspected abscess<break></break>Discharged with 7-day course of octreotide</td></tr><tr><td align="center" colspan="9" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Valentine et al. [<xref rid="B44" ref-type="bibr">36</xref>]</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2002</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Thyroidectomy + L MRND</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">50–100 <italic>µ</italic>g sc Q8</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">24</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">24</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Suction drainage <break></break>Dietary modifications<break></break></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Octreotide dose increased from 50 ug to 100 <italic>µ</italic>g sc Q8 not effective</td></tr><tr><td align="center" colspan="9" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Khurana et al. [<xref rid="B68" ref-type="bibr">37</xref>]</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2009</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Thyroidectomy + B MRND</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">100 <italic>µ</italic>g sc Q8</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Not specified</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Not specified</td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Suction drainage<break></break>Dietary modifications<break></break>Surgical exploration<break></break></td><td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">B chylothoraces requiring chest tubes<break></break>Leak site not identified</td></tr></tbody></table><table-wrap-foot><fn><p>L = left; R = right; B = bilateral; MRND = modified radical neck dissection.</p></fn></table-wrap-foot></table-wrap></floats-group></pmc><affiliations><list><country><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Californie</li></region><settlement><li>Los Angeles</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université de Californie du Sud</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="États-Unis"><region name="Californie"><name sortKey="Delaney, Sean W" sort="Delaney, Sean W" uniqKey="Delaney S" first="Sean W." last="Delaney">Sean W. Delaney</name></region><name sortKey="Shi, Haoran" sort="Shi, Haoran" uniqKey="Shi H" first="Haoran" last="Shi">Haoran Shi</name><name sortKey="Shokrani, Alireza" sort="Shokrani, Alireza" uniqKey="Shokrani A" first="Alireza" last="Shokrani">Alireza Shokrani</name><name sortKey="Sinha, Uttam K" sort="Sinha, Uttam K" uniqKey="Sinha U" first="Uttam K." last="Sinha">Uttam K. Sinha</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Wicri/Sante/explor/LymphedemaV1/Data/Ncbi/Merge
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 008D33 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Ncbi/Merge/biblio.hfd -nk 008D33 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien
|wiki= Wicri/Sante
|area= LymphedemaV1
|flux= Ncbi
|étape= Merge
|type= RBID
|clé= PMC:5288539
|texte= Management of Chyle Leak after Head and Neck Surgery: Review of Current Treatment Strategies
}}
Pour générer des pages wiki
HfdIndexSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Ncbi/Merge/RBID.i -Sk "pubmed:28203252" \
| HfdSelect -Kh $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Ncbi/Merge/biblio.hfd \
| NlmPubMed2Wicri -a LymphedemaV1
| This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.31. |  |