Mapping of Bancroftian Filariasis in Cameroon: Prospects for Elimination
Identifieur interne : 007858 ( Ncbi/Merge ); précédent : 007857; suivant : 007859Mapping of Bancroftian Filariasis in Cameroon: Prospects for Elimination
Auteurs : Hugues C. Nana-Djeunga [Cameroun] ; Jules B. Tchatchueng-Mbougua [Cameroun] ; Jean Bopda [Cameroun] ; Steve Mbickmen-Tchana [Cameroun] ; Nathalie Elong-Kana [Cameroun] ; Etienne Nnomzo [Cameroun] ; Julie Akame [Cameroun] ; Ann Tarini [Cameroun] ; Yaobi Zhang [Sénégal] ; Flobert Njiokou [Cameroun] ; Joseph Kamgno [Cameroun]Source :
- PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases [ 1935-2727 ] ; 2015.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- MESH :
- Wicri :
- geographic : Cameroun.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- MESH :
- geographic , epidemiology : Cameroon.
- epidemiology : Elephantiasis, Filarial.
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Child, Child, Preschool, Endemic Diseases, Female, Humans, Immunochromatography, Male, Middle Aged, Topography, Medical, Young Adult.
Abstract
Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is one of the most debilitating neglected tropical diseases (NTDs). It still presents as an important public health problem in many countries in the tropics. In Cameroon, where many NTDs are endemic, only scant data describing the situation regarding LF epidemiology was available. The aim of this study was to describe the current situation regarding LF infection in Cameroon, and to map this infection and accurately delineate areas where mass drug administration (MDA) was required.
The endemicity status and distribution of LF was assessed in eight of the ten Regions of Cameroon by a rapid-format card test for detection of
Among the 120 health districts visited in the eight Regions during ICT survey, 106 (88.3%) were found to be endemic for LF (i.e. had ICT positivity rate ≥ 1%), with infection rate from 1.0% (95% CI: 0.2–5.5) to 20.0% (95% CI: 10–30). The overall infection rate during the night blood survey was 0.11% (95% CI: 0.08–0.16) in 11 health districts out of the 106 surveyed; the arithmetic mean for microfilaria density was 1.19 mf/ml (95% CI: 0.13–2.26) for the total population examined.
ICT card test results showed that LF was endemic in all the Regions and in about 90% of the health districts surveyed. All of these health districts qualified for MDA (i.e. ICT positivity rate ≥ 1%). Microfilariaemia data collected as part of this study provided the national program with baseline data (sentinel sites) necessary to measure the impact of MDA on the endemicity level and transmission of LF important for the 2020 deadline for global elimination.
Url:
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004001
PubMed: 26353087
PubMed Central: 4564182
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PMC:4564182Le document en format XML
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec id="sec001"><title>Background</title>
<p>Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is one of the most debilitating neglected tropical diseases (NTDs). It still presents as an important public health problem in many countries in the tropics. In Cameroon, where many NTDs are endemic, only scant data describing the situation regarding LF epidemiology was available. The aim of this study was to describe the current situation regarding LF infection in Cameroon, and to map this infection and accurately delineate areas where mass drug administration (MDA) was required.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="sec002"><title>Methodology</title>
<p>The endemicity status and distribution of LF was assessed in eight of the ten Regions of Cameroon by a rapid-format card test for detection of <italic>W</italic>
. <italic>bancrofti</italic>
antigen (immunochromatographic test, ICT). The baseline data required to monitor the effectiveness of MDA was collected by assessing microfilariaemia in nocturnal calibrated thick blood smears in sentinel sites selected in the health districts where ICT positivity rate was ≥ 1%.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="sec003"><title>Principal findings</title>
<p>Among the 120 health districts visited in the eight Regions during ICT survey, 106 (88.3%) were found to be endemic for LF (i.e. had ICT positivity rate ≥ 1%), with infection rate from 1.0% (95% CI: 0.2–5.5) to 20.0% (95% CI: 10–30). The overall infection rate during the night blood survey was 0.11% (95% CI: 0.08–0.16) in 11 health districts out of the 106 surveyed; the arithmetic mean for microfilaria density was 1.19 mf/ml (95% CI: 0.13–2.26) for the total population examined.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="sec004"><title>Conclusion/significance</title>
<p>ICT card test results showed that LF was endemic in all the Regions and in about 90% of the health districts surveyed. All of these health districts qualified for MDA (i.e. ICT positivity rate ≥ 1%). Microfilariaemia data collected as part of this study provided the national program with baseline data (sentinel sites) necessary to measure the impact of MDA on the endemicity level and transmission of LF important for the 2020 deadline for global elimination.</p>
</sec>
</div>
</front>
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<wicri:noRegion>Yaoundé</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tchatchueng Mbougua, Jules B" sort="Tchatchueng Mbougua, Jules B" uniqKey="Tchatchueng Mbougua J" first="Jules B." last="Tchatchueng-Mbougua">Jules B. Tchatchueng-Mbougua</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Centre for Research on Filariasis and other Tropical Diseases (CRFilMT), Yaoundé, Cameroon</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Cameroun</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Centre for Research on Filariasis and other Tropical Diseases (CRFilMT), Yaoundé</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Yaoundé</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bopda, Jean" sort="Bopda, Jean" uniqKey="Bopda J" first="Jean" last="Bopda">Jean Bopda</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Centre for Research on Filariasis and other Tropical Diseases (CRFilMT), Yaoundé, Cameroon</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Cameroun</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Centre for Research on Filariasis and other Tropical Diseases (CRFilMT), Yaoundé</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Yaoundé</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mbickmen Tchana, Steve" sort="Mbickmen Tchana, Steve" uniqKey="Mbickmen Tchana S" first="Steve" last="Mbickmen-Tchana">Steve Mbickmen-Tchana</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Centre for Research on Filariasis and other Tropical Diseases (CRFilMT), Yaoundé, Cameroon</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Cameroun</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Centre for Research on Filariasis and other Tropical Diseases (CRFilMT), Yaoundé</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Yaoundé</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Elong Kana, Nathalie" sort="Elong Kana, Nathalie" uniqKey="Elong Kana N" first="Nathalie" last="Elong-Kana">Nathalie Elong-Kana</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Centre for Research on Filariasis and other Tropical Diseases (CRFilMT), Yaoundé, Cameroon</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Cameroun</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Centre for Research on Filariasis and other Tropical Diseases (CRFilMT), Yaoundé</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Yaoundé</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Nnomzo, Etienne" sort="Nnomzo, Etienne" uniqKey="Nnomzo E" first="Etienne" last="Nnomzo">Etienne Nnomzo</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff003"><addr-line>NTD Control Program, Ministry of Public Health, Yaoundé, Cameroon</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Cameroun</country>
<wicri:regionArea>NTD Control Program, Ministry of Public Health, Yaoundé</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Yaoundé</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Akame, Julie" sort="Akame, Julie" uniqKey="Akame J" first="Julie" last="Akame">Julie Akame</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff004"><addr-line>Helen Keller International, Yaoundé, Cameroon</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Cameroun</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Helen Keller International, Yaoundé</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Yaoundé</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tarini, Ann" sort="Tarini, Ann" uniqKey="Tarini A" first="Ann" last="Tarini">Ann Tarini</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff004"><addr-line>Helen Keller International, Yaoundé, Cameroon</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Cameroun</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Helen Keller International, Yaoundé</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Yaoundé</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zhang, Yaobi" sort="Zhang, Yaobi" uniqKey="Zhang Y" first="Yaobi" last="Zhang">Yaobi Zhang</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff005"><addr-line>Helen Keller International, Regional Office for Africa, Dakar, Senegal</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Sénégal</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Helen Keller International, Regional Office for Africa, Dakar</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Dakar</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Njiokou, Flobert" sort="Njiokou, Flobert" uniqKey="Njiokou F" first="Flobert" last="Njiokou">Flobert Njiokou</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Parasitology and Ecology Laboratory, Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Cameroun</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Parasitology and Ecology Laboratory, Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Yaoundé</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kamgno, Joseph" sort="Kamgno, Joseph" uniqKey="Kamgno J" first="Joseph" last="Kamgno">Joseph Kamgno</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Centre for Research on Filariasis and other Tropical Diseases (CRFilMT), Yaoundé, Cameroon</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Cameroun</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Centre for Research on Filariasis and other Tropical Diseases (CRFilMT), Yaoundé</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Yaoundé</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff006"><addr-line>Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Cameroun</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Yaoundé</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j">PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases</title>
<idno type="ISSN">1935-2727</idno>
<idno type="eISSN">1935-2735</idno>
<imprint><date when="2015">2015</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc><textClass></textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec id="sec001"><title>Background</title>
<p>Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is one of the most debilitating neglected tropical diseases (NTDs). It still presents as an important public health problem in many countries in the tropics. In Cameroon, where many NTDs are endemic, only scant data describing the situation regarding LF epidemiology was available. The aim of this study was to describe the current situation regarding LF infection in Cameroon, and to map this infection and accurately delineate areas where mass drug administration (MDA) was required.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="sec002"><title>Methodology</title>
<p>The endemicity status and distribution of LF was assessed in eight of the ten Regions of Cameroon by a rapid-format card test for detection of <italic>W</italic>
. <italic>bancrofti</italic>
antigen (immunochromatographic test, ICT). The baseline data required to monitor the effectiveness of MDA was collected by assessing microfilariaemia in nocturnal calibrated thick blood smears in sentinel sites selected in the health districts where ICT positivity rate was ≥ 1%.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="sec003"><title>Principal findings</title>
<p>Among the 120 health districts visited in the eight Regions during ICT survey, 106 (88.3%) were found to be endemic for LF (i.e. had ICT positivity rate ≥ 1%), with infection rate from 1.0% (95% CI: 0.2–5.5) to 20.0% (95% CI: 10–30). The overall infection rate during the night blood survey was 0.11% (95% CI: 0.08–0.16) in 11 health districts out of the 106 surveyed; the arithmetic mean for microfilaria density was 1.19 mf/ml (95% CI: 0.13–2.26) for the total population examined.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="sec004"><title>Conclusion/significance</title>
<p>ICT card test results showed that LF was endemic in all the Regions and in about 90% of the health districts surveyed. All of these health districts qualified for MDA (i.e. ICT positivity rate ≥ 1%). Microfilariaemia data collected as part of this study provided the national program with baseline data (sentinel sites) necessary to measure the impact of MDA on the endemicity level and transmission of LF important for the 2020 deadline for global elimination.</p>
</sec>
</div>
</front>
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</TEI>
</pmc>
<pubmed><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Mapping of Bancroftian Filariasis in Cameroon: Prospects for Elimination.</title>
<author><name sortKey="Nana Djeunga, Hugues C" sort="Nana Djeunga, Hugues C" uniqKey="Nana Djeunga H" first="Hugues C" last="Nana-Djeunga">Hugues C. Nana-Djeunga</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Centre for Research on Filariasis and other Tropical Diseases (CRFilMT), Yaoundé, Cameroon; Parasitology and Ecology Laboratory, Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Cameroun</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Centre for Research on Filariasis and other Tropical Diseases (CRFilMT), Yaoundé, Cameroon; Parasitology and Ecology Laboratory, Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Yaoundé</wicri:noRegion>
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<author><name sortKey="Tchatchueng Mbougua, Jules B" sort="Tchatchueng Mbougua, Jules B" uniqKey="Tchatchueng Mbougua J" first="Jules B" last="Tchatchueng-Mbougua">Jules B. Tchatchueng-Mbougua</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Centre for Research on Filariasis and other Tropical Diseases (CRFilMT), Yaoundé, Cameroon.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Cameroun</country>
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<author><name sortKey="Bopda, Jean" sort="Bopda, Jean" uniqKey="Bopda J" first="Jean" last="Bopda">Jean Bopda</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Cameroun</country>
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<author><name sortKey="Mbickmen Tchana, Steve" sort="Mbickmen Tchana, Steve" uniqKey="Mbickmen Tchana S" first="Steve" last="Mbickmen-Tchana">Steve Mbickmen-Tchana</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Cameroun</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Centre for Research on Filariasis and other Tropical Diseases (CRFilMT), Yaoundé</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Yaoundé</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Elong Kana, Nathalie" sort="Elong Kana, Nathalie" uniqKey="Elong Kana N" first="Nathalie" last="Elong-Kana">Nathalie Elong-Kana</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Centre for Research on Filariasis and other Tropical Diseases (CRFilMT), Yaoundé, Cameroon.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Cameroun</country>
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<author><name sortKey="Nnomzo O, Etienne" sort="Nnomzo O, Etienne" uniqKey="Nnomzo O E" first="Etienne" last="Nnomzo'O">Etienne Nnomzo'O</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Cameroun</country>
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</author>
<author><name sortKey="Akame, Julie" sort="Akame, Julie" uniqKey="Akame J" first="Julie" last="Akame">Julie Akame</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Cameroun</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Helen Keller International, Yaoundé</wicri:regionArea>
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<author><name sortKey="Tarini, Ann" sort="Tarini, Ann" uniqKey="Tarini A" first="Ann" last="Tarini">Ann Tarini</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Helen Keller International, Yaoundé, Cameroon.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Cameroun</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Helen Keller International, Yaoundé</wicri:regionArea>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zhang, Yaobi" sort="Zhang, Yaobi" uniqKey="Zhang Y" first="Yaobi" last="Zhang">Yaobi Zhang</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Helen Keller International, Regional Office for Africa, Dakar, Senegal.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Sénégal</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Helen Keller International, Regional Office for Africa, Dakar</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Dakar</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Njiokou, Flobert" sort="Njiokou, Flobert" uniqKey="Njiokou F" first="Flobert" last="Njiokou">Flobert Njiokou</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Parasitology and Ecology Laboratory, Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon.</nlm:affiliation>
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<wicri:regionArea>Parasitology and Ecology Laboratory, Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Yaoundé</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kamgno, Joseph" sort="Kamgno, Joseph" uniqKey="Kamgno J" first="Joseph" last="Kamgno">Joseph Kamgno</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Centre for Research on Filariasis and other Tropical Diseases (CRFilMT), Yaoundé, Cameroon; Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Cameroun</country>
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<wicri:noRegion>Yaoundé</wicri:noRegion>
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<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Mapping of Bancroftian Filariasis in Cameroon: Prospects for Elimination.</title>
<author><name sortKey="Nana Djeunga, Hugues C" sort="Nana Djeunga, Hugues C" uniqKey="Nana Djeunga H" first="Hugues C" last="Nana-Djeunga">Hugues C. Nana-Djeunga</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Centre for Research on Filariasis and other Tropical Diseases (CRFilMT), Yaoundé, Cameroon; Parasitology and Ecology Laboratory, Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Cameroun</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Centre for Research on Filariasis and other Tropical Diseases (CRFilMT), Yaoundé, Cameroon; Parasitology and Ecology Laboratory, Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Yaoundé</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tchatchueng Mbougua, Jules B" sort="Tchatchueng Mbougua, Jules B" uniqKey="Tchatchueng Mbougua J" first="Jules B" last="Tchatchueng-Mbougua">Jules B. Tchatchueng-Mbougua</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Centre for Research on Filariasis and other Tropical Diseases (CRFilMT), Yaoundé, Cameroon.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Cameroun</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Centre for Research on Filariasis and other Tropical Diseases (CRFilMT), Yaoundé</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Yaoundé</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bopda, Jean" sort="Bopda, Jean" uniqKey="Bopda J" first="Jean" last="Bopda">Jean Bopda</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Centre for Research on Filariasis and other Tropical Diseases (CRFilMT), Yaoundé, Cameroon.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Cameroun</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Centre for Research on Filariasis and other Tropical Diseases (CRFilMT), Yaoundé</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Yaoundé</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mbickmen Tchana, Steve" sort="Mbickmen Tchana, Steve" uniqKey="Mbickmen Tchana S" first="Steve" last="Mbickmen-Tchana">Steve Mbickmen-Tchana</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Centre for Research on Filariasis and other Tropical Diseases (CRFilMT), Yaoundé, Cameroon.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Cameroun</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Centre for Research on Filariasis and other Tropical Diseases (CRFilMT), Yaoundé</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Yaoundé</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Elong Kana, Nathalie" sort="Elong Kana, Nathalie" uniqKey="Elong Kana N" first="Nathalie" last="Elong-Kana">Nathalie Elong-Kana</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Centre for Research on Filariasis and other Tropical Diseases (CRFilMT), Yaoundé, Cameroon.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Cameroun</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Centre for Research on Filariasis and other Tropical Diseases (CRFilMT), Yaoundé</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Yaoundé</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Nnomzo O, Etienne" sort="Nnomzo O, Etienne" uniqKey="Nnomzo O E" first="Etienne" last="Nnomzo'O">Etienne Nnomzo'O</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>NTD Control Program, Ministry of Public Health, Yaoundé, Cameroon.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Cameroun</country>
<wicri:regionArea>NTD Control Program, Ministry of Public Health, Yaoundé</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Yaoundé</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Akame, Julie" sort="Akame, Julie" uniqKey="Akame J" first="Julie" last="Akame">Julie Akame</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Helen Keller International, Yaoundé, Cameroon.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Cameroun</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Helen Keller International, Yaoundé</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Yaoundé</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tarini, Ann" sort="Tarini, Ann" uniqKey="Tarini A" first="Ann" last="Tarini">Ann Tarini</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Helen Keller International, Yaoundé, Cameroon.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Cameroun</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Helen Keller International, Yaoundé</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Yaoundé</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zhang, Yaobi" sort="Zhang, Yaobi" uniqKey="Zhang Y" first="Yaobi" last="Zhang">Yaobi Zhang</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Helen Keller International, Regional Office for Africa, Dakar, Senegal.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Sénégal</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Helen Keller International, Regional Office for Africa, Dakar</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Dakar</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Njiokou, Flobert" sort="Njiokou, Flobert" uniqKey="Njiokou F" first="Flobert" last="Njiokou">Flobert Njiokou</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Parasitology and Ecology Laboratory, Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Cameroun</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Parasitology and Ecology Laboratory, Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Yaoundé</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kamgno, Joseph" sort="Kamgno, Joseph" uniqKey="Kamgno J" first="Joseph" last="Kamgno">Joseph Kamgno</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Centre for Research on Filariasis and other Tropical Diseases (CRFilMT), Yaoundé, Cameroon; Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Cameroun</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Centre for Research on Filariasis and other Tropical Diseases (CRFilMT), Yaoundé, Cameroon; Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Yaoundé</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j">PLoS neglected tropical diseases</title>
<idno type="eISSN">1935-2735</idno>
<imprint><date when="2015" type="published">2015</date>
</imprint>
</series>
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<profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Adolescent</term>
<term>Adult</term>
<term>Aged</term>
<term>Aged, 80 and over</term>
<term>Cameroon (epidemiology)</term>
<term>Child</term>
<term>Child, Preschool</term>
<term>Elephantiasis, Filarial (epidemiology)</term>
<term>Endemic Diseases</term>
<term>Female</term>
<term>Humans</term>
<term>Immunochromatography</term>
<term>Male</term>
<term>Middle Aged</term>
<term>Topography, Medical</term>
<term>Young Adult</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adolescent</term>
<term>Adulte</term>
<term>Adulte d'âge moyen</term>
<term>Cameroun (épidémiologie)</term>
<term>Enfant</term>
<term>Enfant d'âge préscolaire</term>
<term>Femelle</term>
<term>Filariose lymphatique (épidémiologie)</term>
<term>Humains</term>
<term>Immunochromatographie</term>
<term>Jeune adulte</term>
<term>Maladies endémiques</term>
<term>Mâle</term>
<term>Sujet âgé</term>
<term>Sujet âgé de 80 ans ou plus</term>
<term>Topographie médicale</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" type="geographic" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Cameroon</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Elephantiasis, Filarial</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="épidémiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Cameroun</term>
<term>Filariose lymphatique</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Adolescent</term>
<term>Adult</term>
<term>Aged</term>
<term>Aged, 80 and over</term>
<term>Child</term>
<term>Child, Preschool</term>
<term>Endemic Diseases</term>
<term>Female</term>
<term>Humans</term>
<term>Immunochromatography</term>
<term>Male</term>
<term>Middle Aged</term>
<term>Topography, Medical</term>
<term>Young Adult</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adolescent</term>
<term>Adulte</term>
<term>Adulte d'âge moyen</term>
<term>Enfant</term>
<term>Enfant d'âge préscolaire</term>
<term>Femelle</term>
<term>Humains</term>
<term>Immunochromatographie</term>
<term>Jeune adulte</term>
<term>Maladies endémiques</term>
<term>Mâle</term>
<term>Sujet âgé</term>
<term>Sujet âgé de 80 ans ou plus</term>
<term>Topographie médicale</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="Wicri" type="geographic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Cameroun</term>
</keywords>
</textClass>
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</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is one of the most debilitating neglected tropical diseases (NTDs). It still presents as an important public health problem in many countries in the tropics. In Cameroon, where many NTDs are endemic, only scant data describing the situation regarding LF epidemiology was available. The aim of this study was to describe the current situation regarding LF infection in Cameroon, and to map this infection and accurately delineate areas where mass drug administration (MDA) was required.</div>
</front>
</TEI>
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