Ex-Vivo Lymphatic Perfusion System for Independently Controlling Pressure Gradient and Transmural Pressure in Isolated Vessels
Identifieur interne : 002B03 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 002B02; suivant : 002B04Ex-Vivo Lymphatic Perfusion System for Independently Controlling Pressure Gradient and Transmural Pressure in Isolated Vessels
Auteurs : Jeffrey A. Kornuta ; J. Brandon DixonSource :
- Annals of biomedical engineering [ 0090-6964 ] ; 2014.
Abstract
In addition to external forces, collecting lymphatic vessels intrinsically contract to transport lymph from the extremities to the venous circulation. As a result, the lymphatic endothelium is routinely exposed to a wide range of dynamic mechanical forces, primarily fluid shear stress and circumferential stress, which have both been shown to affect lymphatic pumping activity. Although various ex-vivo perfusion systems exist to study this innate pumping activity in response to mechanical stimuli, none are capable of independently controlling the two primary mechanical forces affecting lymphatic contractility: transaxial pressure gradient, Δ
Url:
DOI: 10.1007/s10439-014-1024-6
PubMed: 24809724
PubMed Central: 4437633
Affiliations:
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Le document en format XML
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p id="P1">In addition to external forces, collecting lymphatic vessels intrinsically contract to transport lymph from the extremities to the venous circulation. As a result, the lymphatic endothelium is routinely exposed to a wide range of dynamic mechanical forces, primarily fluid shear stress and circumferential stress, which have both been shown to affect lymphatic pumping activity. Although various ex-vivo perfusion systems exist to study this innate pumping activity in response to mechanical stimuli, none are capable of independently controlling the two primary mechanical forces affecting lymphatic contractility: transaxial pressure gradient, Δ<italic>P</italic>
, which governs fluid shear stress; and average transmural pressure, <italic>P</italic>
<sub>avg</sub>
, which governs circumferential stress. Hence, the authors describe a novel ex-vivo lymphatic perfusion system (ELPS) capable of independently controlling these two outputs using a linear, explicit model predictive control (MPC) algorithm. The ELPS is capable of reproducing arbitrary waveforms within the frequency range observed in the lymphatics in vivo, including a time-varying Δ<italic>P</italic>
with a constant <italic>P</italic>
<sub>avg</sub>
, time-varying Δ<italic>P</italic>
and <italic>P</italic>
<sub>avg</sub>
, and a constant Δ<italic>P</italic>
with a time-varying <italic>P</italic>
<sub>avg</sub>
. In addition, due to its implementation of syringes to actuate the working fluid, a post-hoc method of estimating both the flow rate through the vessel and fluid wall shear stress over multiple, long (5 sec) time windows is also described.</p>
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