Early Psychological Correlates Associated With COVID-19 in A Spanish Older Adult Sample.
Identifieur interne : 001647 ( Main/Corpus ); précédent : 001646; suivant : 001648Early Psychological Correlates Associated With COVID-19 in A Spanish Older Adult Sample.
Auteurs : Teresa Bobes-Bascarán ; Pilar A. Sáiz ; Angela Velasco ; Clara Martínez-Cao ; Cristina Pedrosa ; Almudena Portilla ; Lorena De La Fuente-Tomas ; Leticia García-Alvarez ; María P. García-Portilla ; Julio BobesSource :
- The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry [ 1545-7214 ] ; 2020.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Aged (MeSH), Avoidance Learning (MeSH), Betacoronavirus (MeSH), COVID-19 (MeSH), Coronavirus Infections (epidemiology), Coronavirus Infections (psychology), Cross-Sectional Studies (MeSH), Depression (diagnosis), Depression (epidemiology), Female (MeSH), Humans (MeSH), Male (MeSH), Medical History Taking (MeSH), Mental Disorders (epidemiology), Mental Health (trends), Pandemics (MeSH), Pneumonia, Viral (epidemiology), Pneumonia, Viral (psychology), Prevalence (MeSH), Protective Factors (MeSH), Risk Factors (MeSH), SARS-CoV-2 (MeSH), Spain (epidemiology), Stress, Psychological (epidemiology), Stress, Psychological (etiology), Stress, Psychological (prevention & control).
- MESH :
- geographic , epidemiology : Spain.
- diagnosis : Depression.
- epidemiology : Coronavirus Infections, Depression, Mental Disorders, Pneumonia, Viral, Stress, Psychological.
- etiology : Stress, Psychological.
- prevention & control : Stress, Psychological.
- psychology : Coronavirus Infections, Pneumonia, Viral.
- trends : Mental Health.
- Aged, Avoidance Learning, Betacoronavirus, COVID-19, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Medical History Taking, Pandemics, Prevalence, Protective Factors, Risk Factors, SARS-CoV-2.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
Main aims of the study are to examine the early psychological correlates associated with the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown on the mental health of a Spanish older adult sample and to analyze the influence of past mental disorder (PMD) and current mental disorder (CMD) on those correlates.
METHODS
Cross-sectional study based on an online snowball recruiting questionnaire. Psychological correlates assessed with the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) and Impact of Event Scale (IES). Binary and multinomial logistic regression models were used to identify risk and protective factors.
RESULTS
Final sample included 2,194 individuals aged 60 years or more (mean age [SD]: 65.62 [5.05]; females: 1,198 [54.6%]). There were 342 (15.6%) individuals who reported a PMD and 162 (7.4%) who reported a CMD. Avoidant (32.1%) and depressive (25.6%) styles were the most prevalent, regardless of mental health status. Main risk factors for negative affectivity were female gender and history CMD or PMD. However, job stability and the ability to enjoy free time were generally associated with better outcomes. No differences were found in psychological correlates between those with no lifetime history of mental disorder versus PMD on the DASS-21 or IES. However, CMD was associated with higher anxiety scores on the DASS-21 (odds ratio: 1.838, p < .001).
CONCLUSION
Regardless of mental status, avoidant and depressive styles were the most prevalent in this older adult sample. Main protective factor in all subgroups was the ability to enjoy free time, whereas the main risk factors were being female and current or past history of mental disorder.
DOI: 10.1016/j.jagp.2020.09.005
PubMed: 32951996
PubMed Central: PMC7476442
Links to Exploration step
pubmed:32951996Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Early Psychological Correlates Associated With COVID-19 in A Spanish Older Adult Sample.</title><author><name sortKey="Bobes Bascaran, Teresa" sort="Bobes Bascaran, Teresa" uniqKey="Bobes Bascaran T" first="Teresa" last="Bobes-Bascarán">Teresa Bobes-Bascarán</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Psychology (TBB, LGA), Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain; Servicio de Salud del Principado de Asturias (SESPA) (TBB, PAS, CP, AP, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Saiz, Pilar A" sort="Saiz, Pilar A" uniqKey="Saiz P" first="Pilar A" last="Sáiz">Pilar A. Sáiz</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain; Servicio de Salud del Principado de Asturias (SESPA) (TBB, PAS, CP, AP, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain; Department of Psychiatry (PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain. Electronic address: frank@uniovi.es.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Velasco, Angela" sort="Velasco, Angela" uniqKey="Velasco A" first="Angela" last="Velasco">Angela Velasco</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain; Department of Psychiatry (PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Martinez Cao, Clara" sort="Martinez Cao, Clara" uniqKey="Martinez Cao C" first="Clara" last="Martínez-Cao">Clara Martínez-Cao</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain; Department of Psychiatry (PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pedrosa, Cristina" sort="Pedrosa, Cristina" uniqKey="Pedrosa C" first="Cristina" last="Pedrosa">Cristina Pedrosa</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Servicio de Salud del Principado de Asturias (SESPA) (TBB, PAS, CP, AP, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Portilla, Almudena" sort="Portilla, Almudena" uniqKey="Portilla A" first="Almudena" last="Portilla">Almudena Portilla</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Servicio de Salud del Principado de Asturias (SESPA) (TBB, PAS, CP, AP, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De La Fuente Tomas, Lorena" sort="De La Fuente Tomas, Lorena" uniqKey="De La Fuente Tomas L" first="Lorena" last="De La Fuente-Tomas">Lorena De La Fuente-Tomas</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain; Department of Psychiatry (PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Garcia Alvarez, Leticia" sort="Garcia Alvarez, Leticia" uniqKey="Garcia Alvarez L" first="Leticia" last="García-Alvarez">Leticia García-Alvarez</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Psychology (TBB, LGA), Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Garcia Portilla, Maria P" sort="Garcia Portilla, Maria P" uniqKey="Garcia Portilla M" first="María P" last="García-Portilla">María P. García-Portilla</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain; Servicio de Salud del Principado de Asturias (SESPA) (TBB, PAS, CP, AP, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain; Department of Psychiatry (PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bobes, Julio" sort="Bobes, Julio" uniqKey="Bobes J" first="Julio" last="Bobes">Julio Bobes</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain; Servicio de Salud del Principado de Asturias (SESPA) (TBB, PAS, CP, AP, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain; Department of Psychiatry (PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2020">2020</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:32951996</idno><idno type="pmid">32951996</idno><idno type="doi">10.1016/j.jagp.2020.09.005</idno><idno type="pmc">PMC7476442</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Corpus">001647</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">001647</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Early Psychological Correlates Associated With COVID-19 in A Spanish Older Adult Sample.</title><author><name sortKey="Bobes Bascaran, Teresa" sort="Bobes Bascaran, Teresa" uniqKey="Bobes Bascaran T" first="Teresa" last="Bobes-Bascarán">Teresa Bobes-Bascarán</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Psychology (TBB, LGA), Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain; Servicio de Salud del Principado de Asturias (SESPA) (TBB, PAS, CP, AP, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Saiz, Pilar A" sort="Saiz, Pilar A" uniqKey="Saiz P" first="Pilar A" last="Sáiz">Pilar A. Sáiz</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain; Servicio de Salud del Principado de Asturias (SESPA) (TBB, PAS, CP, AP, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain; Department of Psychiatry (PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain. Electronic address: frank@uniovi.es.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Velasco, Angela" sort="Velasco, Angela" uniqKey="Velasco A" first="Angela" last="Velasco">Angela Velasco</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain; Department of Psychiatry (PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Martinez Cao, Clara" sort="Martinez Cao, Clara" uniqKey="Martinez Cao C" first="Clara" last="Martínez-Cao">Clara Martínez-Cao</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain; Department of Psychiatry (PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pedrosa, Cristina" sort="Pedrosa, Cristina" uniqKey="Pedrosa C" first="Cristina" last="Pedrosa">Cristina Pedrosa</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Servicio de Salud del Principado de Asturias (SESPA) (TBB, PAS, CP, AP, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Portilla, Almudena" sort="Portilla, Almudena" uniqKey="Portilla A" first="Almudena" last="Portilla">Almudena Portilla</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Servicio de Salud del Principado de Asturias (SESPA) (TBB, PAS, CP, AP, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De La Fuente Tomas, Lorena" sort="De La Fuente Tomas, Lorena" uniqKey="De La Fuente Tomas L" first="Lorena" last="De La Fuente-Tomas">Lorena De La Fuente-Tomas</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain; Department of Psychiatry (PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Garcia Alvarez, Leticia" sort="Garcia Alvarez, Leticia" uniqKey="Garcia Alvarez L" first="Leticia" last="García-Alvarez">Leticia García-Alvarez</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Psychology (TBB, LGA), Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Garcia Portilla, Maria P" sort="Garcia Portilla, Maria P" uniqKey="Garcia Portilla M" first="María P" last="García-Portilla">María P. García-Portilla</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain; Servicio de Salud del Principado de Asturias (SESPA) (TBB, PAS, CP, AP, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain; Department of Psychiatry (PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bobes, Julio" sort="Bobes, Julio" uniqKey="Bobes J" first="Julio" last="Bobes">Julio Bobes</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain; Servicio de Salud del Principado de Asturias (SESPA) (TBB, PAS, CP, AP, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain; Department of Psychiatry (PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry</title><idno type="eISSN">1545-7214</idno><imprint><date when="2020" type="published">2020</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Aged (MeSH)</term><term>Avoidance Learning (MeSH)</term><term>Betacoronavirus (MeSH)</term><term>COVID-19 (MeSH)</term><term>Coronavirus Infections (epidemiology)</term><term>Coronavirus Infections (psychology)</term><term>Cross-Sectional Studies (MeSH)</term><term>Depression (diagnosis)</term><term>Depression (epidemiology)</term><term>Female (MeSH)</term><term>Humans (MeSH)</term><term>Male (MeSH)</term><term>Medical History Taking (MeSH)</term><term>Mental Disorders (epidemiology)</term><term>Mental Health (trends)</term><term>Pandemics (MeSH)</term><term>Pneumonia, Viral (epidemiology)</term><term>Pneumonia, Viral (psychology)</term><term>Prevalence (MeSH)</term><term>Protective Factors (MeSH)</term><term>Risk Factors (MeSH)</term><term>SARS-CoV-2 (MeSH)</term><term>Spain (epidemiology)</term><term>Stress, Psychological (epidemiology)</term><term>Stress, Psychological (etiology)</term><term>Stress, Psychological (prevention & control)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="geographic" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Spain</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="diagnosis" xml:lang="en"><term>Depression</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Coronavirus Infections</term><term>Depression</term><term>Mental Disorders</term><term>Pneumonia, Viral</term><term>Stress, Psychological</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="etiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Stress, Psychological</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="prevention & control" xml:lang="en"><term>Stress, Psychological</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="psychology" xml:lang="en"><term>Coronavirus Infections</term><term>Pneumonia, Viral</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="trends" xml:lang="en"><term>Mental Health</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Aged</term><term>Avoidance Learning</term><term>Betacoronavirus</term><term>COVID-19</term><term>Cross-Sectional Studies</term><term>Female</term><term>Humans</term><term>Male</term><term>Medical History Taking</term><term>Pandemics</term><term>Prevalence</term><term>Protective Factors</term><term>Risk Factors</term><term>SARS-CoV-2</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>OBJECTIVE</b></p><p>Main aims of the study are to examine the early psychological correlates associated with the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown on the mental health of a Spanish older adult sample and to analyze the influence of past mental disorder (PMD) and current mental disorder (CMD) on those correlates.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>METHODS</b></p><p>Cross-sectional study based on an online snowball recruiting questionnaire. Psychological correlates assessed with the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) and Impact of Event Scale (IES). Binary and multinomial logistic regression models were used to identify risk and protective factors.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>RESULTS</b></p><p>Final sample included 2,194 individuals aged 60 years or more (mean age [SD]: 65.62 [5.05]; females: 1,198 [54.6%]). There were 342 (15.6%) individuals who reported a PMD and 162 (7.4%) who reported a CMD. Avoidant (32.1%) and depressive (25.6%) styles were the most prevalent, regardless of mental health status. Main risk factors for negative affectivity were female gender and history CMD or PMD. However, job stability and the ability to enjoy free time were generally associated with better outcomes. No differences were found in psychological correlates between those with no lifetime history of mental disorder versus PMD on the DASS-21 or IES. However, CMD was associated with higher anxiety scores on the DASS-21 (odds ratio: 1.838, p < .001).</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>CONCLUSION</b></p><p>Regardless of mental status, avoidant and depressive styles were the most prevalent in this older adult sample. Main protective factor in all subgroups was the ability to enjoy free time, whereas the main risk factors were being female and current or past history of mental disorder.</p></div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">32951996</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2020</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>30</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2021</Year><Month>01</Month><Day>10</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1545-7214</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>28</Volume><Issue>12</Issue><PubDate><Year>2020</Year><Month>12</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Am J Geriatr Psychiatry</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Early Psychological Correlates Associated With COVID-19 in A Spanish Older Adult Sample.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>1287-1298</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">S1064-7481(20)30475-9</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1016/j.jagp.2020.09.005</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="OBJECTIVE">Main aims of the study are to examine the early psychological correlates associated with the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown on the mental health of a Spanish older adult sample and to analyze the influence of past mental disorder (PMD) and current mental disorder (CMD) on those correlates.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="METHODS">Cross-sectional study based on an online snowball recruiting questionnaire. Psychological correlates assessed with the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) and Impact of Event Scale (IES). Binary and multinomial logistic regression models were used to identify risk and protective factors.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="RESULTS">Final sample included 2,194 individuals aged 60 years or more (mean age [SD]: 65.62 [5.05]; females: 1,198 [54.6%]). There were 342 (15.6%) individuals who reported a PMD and 162 (7.4%) who reported a CMD. Avoidant (32.1%) and depressive (25.6%) styles were the most prevalent, regardless of mental health status. Main risk factors for negative affectivity were female gender and history CMD or PMD. However, job stability and the ability to enjoy free time were generally associated with better outcomes. No differences were found in psychological correlates between those with no lifetime history of mental disorder versus PMD on the DASS-21 or IES. However, CMD was associated with higher anxiety scores on the DASS-21 (odds ratio: 1.838, p < .001).</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="CONCLUSION">Regardless of mental status, avoidant and depressive styles were the most prevalent in this older adult sample. Main protective factor in all subgroups was the ability to enjoy free time, whereas the main risk factors were being female and current or past history of mental disorder.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>Copyright © 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bobes-Bascarán</LastName><ForeName>Teresa</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Psychology (TBB, LGA), Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain; Servicio de Salud del Principado de Asturias (SESPA) (TBB, PAS, CP, AP, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sáiz</LastName><ForeName>Pilar A</ForeName><Initials>PA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain; Servicio de Salud del Principado de Asturias (SESPA) (TBB, PAS, CP, AP, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain; Department of Psychiatry (PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain. Electronic address: frank@uniovi.es.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Velasco</LastName><ForeName>Angela</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain; Department of Psychiatry (PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Martínez-Cao</LastName><ForeName>Clara</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain; Department of Psychiatry (PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pedrosa</LastName><ForeName>Cristina</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Servicio de Salud del Principado de Asturias (SESPA) (TBB, PAS, CP, AP, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Portilla</LastName><ForeName>Almudena</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Servicio de Salud del Principado de Asturias (SESPA) (TBB, PAS, CP, AP, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>de la Fuente-Tomas</LastName><ForeName>Lorena</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain; Department of Psychiatry (PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>García-Alvarez</LastName><ForeName>Leticia</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Psychology (TBB, LGA), Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>García-Portilla</LastName><ForeName>María P</ForeName><Initials>MP</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain; Servicio de Salud del Principado de Asturias (SESPA) (TBB, PAS, CP, AP, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain; Department of Psychiatry (PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bobes</LastName><ForeName>Julio</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain; Servicio de Salud del Principado de Asturias (SESPA) (TBB, PAS, CP, AP, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain; Department of Psychiatry (PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2020</Year><Month>09</Month><Day>07</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>England</Country><MedlineTA>Am J Geriatr Psychiatry</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>9309609</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1064-7481</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000368" MajorTopicYN="N">Aged</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D001362" MajorTopicYN="Y">Avoidance Learning</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000073640" MajorTopicYN="N">Betacoronavirus</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000086382" MajorTopicYN="N">COVID-19</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D018352" MajorTopicYN="Y">Coronavirus Infections</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000523" MajorTopicYN="N">psychology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003430" MajorTopicYN="N">Cross-Sectional Studies</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003863" MajorTopicYN="Y">Depression</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000175" MajorTopicYN="N">diagnosis</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005260" MajorTopicYN="N">Female</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008297" MajorTopicYN="N">Male</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008487" MajorTopicYN="N">Medical History Taking</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D001523" MajorTopicYN="N">Mental Disorders</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="Y">epidemiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008603" MajorTopicYN="N">Mental Health</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000639" MajorTopicYN="Y">trends</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D058873" MajorTopicYN="Y">Pandemics</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011024" MajorTopicYN="Y">Pneumonia, Viral</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000523" MajorTopicYN="N">psychology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015995" MajorTopicYN="N">Prevalence</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D065840" MajorTopicYN="N">Protective Factors</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012307" MajorTopicYN="N">Risk Factors</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000086402" MajorTopicYN="N">SARS-CoV-2</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D013030" MajorTopicYN="N" Type="Geographic">Spain</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D013315" MajorTopicYN="Y">Stress, Psychological</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000209" MajorTopicYN="N">etiology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000517" MajorTopicYN="N">prevention & control</QualifierName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">COVID-19</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">anxiety</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">avoidant behavior</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">depression</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">older adults</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">psychological correlates</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">stress</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2020</Year><Month>04</Month><Day>27</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="revised"><Year>2020</Year><Month>09</Month><Day>01</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2020</Year><Month>09</Month><Day>02</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2020</Year><Month>9</Month><Day>22</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2020</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>1</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2020</Year><Month>9</Month><Day>21</Day><Hour>5</Hour><Minute>36</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">32951996</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">S1064-7481(20)30475-9</ArticleId><ArticleId 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