Complement 3 and Factor H in Human Cerebrospinal Fluid in Parkinson's Disease, Alzheimer's Disease, and Multiple-System Atrophy
Identifieur interne : 000323 ( Ncbi/Merge ); précédent : 000322; suivant : 000324Complement 3 and Factor H in Human Cerebrospinal Fluid in Parkinson's Disease, Alzheimer's Disease, and Multiple-System Atrophy
Auteurs : Yu Wang [États-Unis, République populaire de Chine] ; Aneeka Hancock [États-Unis] ; Joshua Bradner [États-Unis] ; Kathryn Chung [États-Unis] ; Joseph Quinn [États-Unis] ; Elaine Peskind [États-Unis] ; Douglas Galasko [États-Unis] ; Joseph Jankovic [États-Unis] ; Cyrus Zabetian [États-Unis] ; Hojoong Kim [États-Unis] ; James Leverenz [États-Unis] ; Thomas Montine [États-Unis] ; Carmen Ginghina [États-Unis] ; Karen Edwards [États-Unis] ; Katherine Snapinn [États-Unis] ; David Goldstein [États-Unis] ; Min Shi [États-Unis] ; Jing Zhang [États-Unis]Source :
- The American Journal of Pathology [ 0002-9440 ] ; 2011.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Alzheimer Disease (cerebrospinal fluid), Amyloid beta-Peptides (cerebrospinal fluid), Case-Control Studies, Cohort Studies, Complement C3 (cerebrospinal fluid), Complement Factor H (cerebrospinal fluid), Female, Humans, Inflammation, Male, Middle Aged, Multiple System Atrophy (cerebrospinal fluid), Parkinson Disease (cerebrospinal fluid), Peptide Fragments (cerebrospinal fluid), Quality Control, Regression Analysis.
- MESH :
- chemical , cerebrospinal fluid : Amyloid beta-Peptides, Complement C3, Complement Factor H, Peptide Fragments.
- cerebrospinal fluid : Alzheimer Disease, Multiple System Atrophy, Parkinson Disease.
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Case-Control Studies, Cohort Studies, Female, Humans, Inflammation, Male, Middle Aged, Quality Control, Regression Analysis.
Abstract
Complement activation, a key component of neuroinflammation, has been reported in both Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, it is unclear whether complement activation and neuroinflammation in general are distinctly different from each another in major neurodegenerative disorders. In the present study, cerebrospinal fluid complement 3 (C3) and factor H (FH) were measured and evaluated together with amyloid-β42 (Aβ42), which in recent investigations was decreased in patients with PD, in particular those with cognitive impairment. The study included 345 participants: 126 patients with PD at various stages with or without cognitive impairment, 50 with AD, and 32 with multiple-system atrophy, and 137 healthy control individuals. In addition to changes in Aβ42 concentrations, there were clear differences in the patterns of complement profiles among neurodegenerative disorders. The C3/FH ratio demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity in differentiating patients with multiple-system atrophy from those with AD or PD and control individuals. In addition, the C3/Aβ42 and FH/Aβ42 ratios not only correlated with PD severity approximated using the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale but also with the presence of cognitive impairment or dementia in PD. Both C3 and FH correlated with the severity of impairment in AD as indicated using Mini-Mental State Examination scores.
Url:
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2011.01.006
PubMed: 21435440
PubMed Central: 3078443
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(État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff6">Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Washington</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff3">Department of Neurology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Neurology, University of Washington School of Medicine, 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(État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Edwards, Karen L" sort="Edwards, Karen L" uniqKey="Edwards K" first="Karen" last="Edwards">Karen Edwards</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff11">Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, Washington</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Snapinn, Katherine W" sort="Snapinn, Katherine W" uniqKey="Snapinn K" first="Katherine" last="Snapinn">Katherine Snapinn</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff11">Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, Washington</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Goldstein, David S" sort="Goldstein, David S" uniqKey="Goldstein D" first="David" last="Goldstein">David Goldstein</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff12">Clinical Neurocardiology Section, Clinical Neurosciences Program, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Clinical Neurocardiology Section, Clinical Neurosciences Program, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shi, Min" sort="Shi, Min" uniqKey="Shi M" first="Min" last="Shi">Min Shi</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, Jing" sort="Zhang, Jing" uniqKey="Zhang J" first="Jing" last="Zhang">Jing Zhang</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">21435440</idno><idno type="pmc">3078443</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3078443</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:3078443</idno><idno type="doi">10.1016/j.ajpath.2011.01.006</idno><date when="2011">2011</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000222</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000222</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000135</idno><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">000076</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Curation">000076</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Checkpoint">000080</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Merge">000323</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Complement 3 and Factor H in Human Cerebrospinal Fluid in Parkinson's Disease, Alzheimer's Disease, and Multiple-System Atrophy</title><author><name sortKey="Wang, Yu" sort="Wang, Yu" uniqKey="Wang Y" first="Yu" last="Wang">Yu Wang</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff4">Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Wuhan</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hancock, Aneeka M" sort="Hancock, Aneeka M" uniqKey="Hancock A" first="Aneeka" last="Hancock">Aneeka Hancock</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bradner, Joshua" sort="Bradner, Joshua" uniqKey="Bradner J" first="Joshua" last="Bradner">Joshua Bradner</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chung, Kathryn A" sort="Chung, Kathryn A" uniqKey="Chung K" first="Kathryn" last="Chung">Kathryn Chung</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff5">Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Oregon</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Quinn, Joseph F" sort="Quinn, Joseph F" uniqKey="Quinn J" first="Joseph" last="Quinn">Joseph Quinn</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff5">Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Oregon</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Peskind, Elaine R" sort="Peskind, Elaine R" uniqKey="Peskind E" first="Elaine" last="Peskind">Elaine Peskind</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff6">Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Washington</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Galasko, Douglas" sort="Galasko, Douglas" uniqKey="Galasko D" first="Douglas" last="Galasko">Douglas Galasko</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff9">Department of Neurosciences, University of California at San Diego, San Diego, California</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Neurosciences, University of California at San Diego, San Diego</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jankovic, Joseph" sort="Jankovic, Joseph" uniqKey="Jankovic J" first="Joseph" last="Jankovic">Joseph Jankovic</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff10">Parkinson's Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic, Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Texas</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Parkinson's Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic, Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston</wicri:cityArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Houston</settlement><region type="state">Texas</region></placeName><orgName type="university" n="3">Baylor College of Medicine</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zabetian, Cyrus P" sort="Zabetian, Cyrus P" uniqKey="Zabetian C" first="Cyrus" last="Zabetian">Cyrus Zabetian</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff7">Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Washington</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff3">Department of Neurology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Neurology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kim, Hojoong M" sort="Kim, Hojoong M" uniqKey="Kim H" first="Hojoong" last="Kim">Hojoong Kim</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff3">Department of Neurology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Neurology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff8">Department of Neurology, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Washington</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Neurology, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Leverenz, James B" sort="Leverenz, James B" uniqKey="Leverenz J" first="James" last="Leverenz">James Leverenz</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff6">Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Washington</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff3">Department of Neurology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Neurology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Montine, Thomas J" sort="Montine, Thomas J" uniqKey="Montine T" first="Thomas" last="Montine">Thomas Montine</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ginghina, Carmen" sort="Ginghina, Carmen" uniqKey="Ginghina C" first="Carmen" last="Ginghina">Carmen Ginghina</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Edwards, Karen L" sort="Edwards, Karen L" uniqKey="Edwards K" first="Karen" last="Edwards">Karen Edwards</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff11">Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, Washington</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Snapinn, Katherine W" sort="Snapinn, Katherine W" uniqKey="Snapinn K" first="Katherine" last="Snapinn">Katherine Snapinn</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff11">Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, Washington</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Goldstein, David S" sort="Goldstein, David S" uniqKey="Goldstein D" first="David" last="Goldstein">David Goldstein</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff12">Clinical Neurocardiology Section, Clinical Neurosciences Program, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Clinical Neurocardiology Section, Clinical Neurosciences Program, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shi, Min" sort="Shi, Min" uniqKey="Shi M" first="Min" last="Shi">Min Shi</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, Jing" sort="Zhang, Jing" uniqKey="Zhang J" first="Jing" last="Zhang">Jing Zhang</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">The American Journal of Pathology</title><idno type="ISSN">0002-9440</idno><idno type="e-ISSN">1525-2191</idno><imprint><date when="2011">2011</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Adult</term><term>Aged</term><term>Aged, 80 and over</term><term>Alzheimer Disease (cerebrospinal fluid)</term><term>Amyloid beta-Peptides (cerebrospinal fluid)</term><term>Case-Control Studies</term><term>Cohort Studies</term><term>Complement C3 (cerebrospinal fluid)</term><term>Complement Factor H (cerebrospinal fluid)</term><term>Female</term><term>Humans</term><term>Inflammation</term><term>Male</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Multiple System Atrophy (cerebrospinal fluid)</term><term>Parkinson Disease (cerebrospinal fluid)</term><term>Peptide Fragments (cerebrospinal fluid)</term><term>Quality Control</term><term>Regression Analysis</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="cerebrospinal fluid" xml:lang="en"><term>Amyloid beta-Peptides</term><term>Complement C3</term><term>Complement Factor H</term><term>Peptide Fragments</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="cerebrospinal fluid" xml:lang="en"><term>Alzheimer Disease</term><term>Multiple System Atrophy</term><term>Parkinson Disease</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Adult</term><term>Aged</term><term>Aged, 80 and over</term><term>Case-Control Studies</term><term>Cohort Studies</term><term>Female</term><term>Humans</term><term>Inflammation</term><term>Male</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Quality Control</term><term>Regression Analysis</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Complement activation, a key component of neuroinflammation, has been reported in both Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, it is unclear whether complement activation and neuroinflammation in general are distinctly different from each another in major neurodegenerative disorders. In the present study, cerebrospinal fluid complement 3 (C3) and factor H (FH) were measured and evaluated together with amyloid-β<sub>42</sub> (Aβ<sub>42</sub>), which in recent investigations was decreased in patients with PD, in particular those with cognitive impairment. The study included 345 participants: 126 patients with PD at various stages with or without cognitive impairment, 50 with AD, and 32 with multiple-system atrophy, and 137 healthy control individuals. In addition to changes in Aβ<sub>42</sub> concentrations, there were clear differences in the patterns of complement profiles among neurodegenerative disorders. The C3/FH ratio demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity in differentiating patients with multiple-system atrophy from those with AD or PD and control individuals. In addition, the C3/Aβ<sub>42</sub> and FH/Aβ<sub>42</sub> ratios not only correlated with PD severity approximated using the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale but also with the presence of cognitive impairment or dementia in PD. Both C3 and FH correlated with the severity of impairment in AD as indicated using Mini-Mental State Examination scores.</p></div></front></TEI><double pmid="21435440"><pmc><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Complement 3 and Factor H in Human Cerebrospinal Fluid in Parkinson's Disease, Alzheimer's Disease, and Multiple-System Atrophy</title><author><name sortKey="Wang, Yu" sort="Wang, Yu" uniqKey="Wang Y" first="Yu" last="Wang">Yu Wang</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff4">Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Wuhan</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hancock, Aneeka M" sort="Hancock, Aneeka M" uniqKey="Hancock A" first="Aneeka" last="Hancock">Aneeka Hancock</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bradner, Joshua" sort="Bradner, Joshua" uniqKey="Bradner J" first="Joshua" last="Bradner">Joshua Bradner</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chung, Kathryn A" sort="Chung, Kathryn A" uniqKey="Chung K" first="Kathryn" last="Chung">Kathryn Chung</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff5">Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Oregon</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Quinn, Joseph F" sort="Quinn, Joseph F" uniqKey="Quinn J" first="Joseph" last="Quinn">Joseph Quinn</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff5">Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Oregon</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Peskind, Elaine R" sort="Peskind, Elaine R" uniqKey="Peskind E" first="Elaine" last="Peskind">Elaine Peskind</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff6">Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Washington</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Galasko, Douglas" sort="Galasko, Douglas" uniqKey="Galasko D" first="Douglas" last="Galasko">Douglas Galasko</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff9">Department of Neurosciences, University of California at San Diego, San Diego, California</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Neurosciences, University of California at San Diego, San Diego</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jankovic, Joseph" sort="Jankovic, Joseph" uniqKey="Jankovic J" first="Joseph" last="Jankovic">Joseph Jankovic</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff10">Parkinson's Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic, Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Texas</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Parkinson's Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic, Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston</wicri:cityArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Houston</settlement><region type="state">Texas</region></placeName><orgName type="university" n="3">Baylor College of Medicine</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zabetian, Cyrus P" sort="Zabetian, Cyrus P" uniqKey="Zabetian C" first="Cyrus" last="Zabetian">Cyrus Zabetian</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff7">Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Washington</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff3">Department of Neurology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Neurology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kim, Hojoong M" sort="Kim, Hojoong M" uniqKey="Kim H" first="Hojoong" last="Kim">Hojoong Kim</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff3">Department of Neurology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Neurology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff8">Department of Neurology, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Washington</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Neurology, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Leverenz, James B" sort="Leverenz, James B" uniqKey="Leverenz J" first="James" last="Leverenz">James Leverenz</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff6">Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Washington</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff3">Department of Neurology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Neurology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Montine, Thomas J" sort="Montine, Thomas J" uniqKey="Montine T" first="Thomas" last="Montine">Thomas Montine</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ginghina, Carmen" sort="Ginghina, Carmen" uniqKey="Ginghina C" first="Carmen" last="Ginghina">Carmen Ginghina</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Edwards, Karen L" sort="Edwards, Karen L" uniqKey="Edwards K" first="Karen" last="Edwards">Karen Edwards</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff11">Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, Washington</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Snapinn, Katherine W" sort="Snapinn, Katherine W" uniqKey="Snapinn K" first="Katherine" last="Snapinn">Katherine Snapinn</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff11">Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, Washington</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Goldstein, David S" sort="Goldstein, David S" uniqKey="Goldstein D" first="David" last="Goldstein">David Goldstein</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff12">Clinical Neurocardiology Section, Clinical Neurosciences Program, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Clinical Neurocardiology Section, Clinical Neurosciences Program, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shi, Min" sort="Shi, Min" uniqKey="Shi M" first="Min" last="Shi">Min Shi</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, Jing" sort="Zhang, Jing" uniqKey="Zhang J" first="Jing" last="Zhang">Jing Zhang</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">21435440</idno><idno type="pmc">3078443</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3078443</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:3078443</idno><idno type="doi">10.1016/j.ajpath.2011.01.006</idno><date when="2011">2011</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000222</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000222</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000135</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Complement 3 and Factor H in Human Cerebrospinal Fluid in Parkinson's Disease, Alzheimer's Disease, and Multiple-System Atrophy</title><author><name sortKey="Wang, Yu" sort="Wang, Yu" uniqKey="Wang Y" first="Yu" last="Wang">Yu Wang</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff4">Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Wuhan</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hancock, Aneeka M" sort="Hancock, Aneeka M" uniqKey="Hancock A" first="Aneeka" last="Hancock">Aneeka Hancock</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bradner, Joshua" sort="Bradner, Joshua" uniqKey="Bradner J" first="Joshua" last="Bradner">Joshua Bradner</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chung, Kathryn A" sort="Chung, Kathryn A" uniqKey="Chung K" first="Kathryn" last="Chung">Kathryn Chung</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff5">Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Oregon</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Quinn, Joseph F" sort="Quinn, Joseph F" uniqKey="Quinn J" first="Joseph" last="Quinn">Joseph Quinn</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff5">Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Oregon</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Peskind, Elaine R" sort="Peskind, Elaine R" uniqKey="Peskind E" first="Elaine" last="Peskind">Elaine Peskind</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff6">Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Washington</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Galasko, Douglas" sort="Galasko, Douglas" uniqKey="Galasko D" first="Douglas" last="Galasko">Douglas Galasko</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff9">Department of Neurosciences, University of California at San Diego, San Diego, California</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Neurosciences, University of California at San Diego, San Diego</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jankovic, Joseph" sort="Jankovic, Joseph" uniqKey="Jankovic J" first="Joseph" last="Jankovic">Joseph Jankovic</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff10">Parkinson's Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic, Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Texas</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Parkinson's Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic, Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston</wicri:cityArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Houston</settlement><region type="state">Texas</region></placeName><orgName type="university" n="3">Baylor College of Medicine</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zabetian, Cyrus P" sort="Zabetian, Cyrus P" uniqKey="Zabetian C" first="Cyrus" last="Zabetian">Cyrus Zabetian</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff7">Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Washington</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff3">Department of Neurology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Neurology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kim, Hojoong M" sort="Kim, Hojoong M" uniqKey="Kim H" first="Hojoong" last="Kim">Hojoong Kim</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff3">Department of Neurology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Neurology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff8">Department of Neurology, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Washington</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Neurology, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Leverenz, James B" sort="Leverenz, James B" uniqKey="Leverenz J" first="James" last="Leverenz">James Leverenz</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff6">Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Washington</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff3">Department of Neurology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Neurology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Montine, Thomas J" sort="Montine, Thomas J" uniqKey="Montine T" first="Thomas" last="Montine">Thomas Montine</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ginghina, Carmen" sort="Ginghina, Carmen" uniqKey="Ginghina C" first="Carmen" last="Ginghina">Carmen Ginghina</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Edwards, Karen L" sort="Edwards, Karen L" uniqKey="Edwards K" first="Karen" last="Edwards">Karen Edwards</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff11">Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, Washington</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Snapinn, Katherine W" sort="Snapinn, Katherine W" uniqKey="Snapinn K" first="Katherine" last="Snapinn">Katherine Snapinn</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff11">Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, Washington</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Goldstein, David S" sort="Goldstein, David S" uniqKey="Goldstein D" first="David" last="Goldstein">David Goldstein</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff12">Clinical Neurocardiology Section, Clinical Neurosciences Program, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Clinical Neurocardiology Section, Clinical Neurosciences Program, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shi, Min" sort="Shi, Min" uniqKey="Shi M" first="Min" last="Shi">Min Shi</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, Jing" sort="Zhang, Jing" uniqKey="Zhang J" first="Jing" last="Zhang">Jing Zhang</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">The American Journal of Pathology</title><idno type="ISSN">0002-9440</idno><idno type="e-ISSN">1525-2191</idno><imprint><date when="2011">2011</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Complement activation, a key component of neuroinflammation, has been reported in both Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, it is unclear whether complement activation and neuroinflammation in general are distinctly different from each another in major neurodegenerative disorders. In the present study, cerebrospinal fluid complement 3 (C3) and factor H (FH) were measured and evaluated together with amyloid-β<sub>42</sub> (Aβ<sub>42</sub>), which in recent investigations was decreased in patients with PD, in particular those with cognitive impairment. The study included 345 participants: 126 patients with PD at various stages with or without cognitive impairment, 50 with AD, and 32 with multiple-system atrophy, and 137 healthy control individuals. In addition to changes in Aβ<sub>42</sub> concentrations, there were clear differences in the patterns of complement profiles among neurodegenerative disorders. The C3/FH ratio demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity in differentiating patients with multiple-system atrophy from those with AD or PD and control individuals. In addition, the C3/Aβ<sub>42</sub> and FH/Aβ<sub>42</sub> ratios not only correlated with PD severity approximated using the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale but also with the presence of cognitive impairment or dementia in PD. Both C3 and FH correlated with the severity of impairment in AD as indicated using Mini-Mental State Examination scores.</p></div></front></TEI></pmc><pubmed><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Complement 3 and factor h in human cerebrospinal fluid in Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and multiple-system atrophy.</title><author><name sortKey="Wang, Yu" sort="Wang, Yu" uniqKey="Wang Y" first="Yu" last="Wang">Yu Wang</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98104, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98104</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hancock, Aneeka M" sort="Hancock, Aneeka M" uniqKey="Hancock A" first="Aneeka" last="Hancock">Aneeka. Hancock</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bradner, Joshua" sort="Bradner, Joshua" uniqKey="Bradner J" first="Joshua" last="Bradner">Joshua Bradner</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chung, Kathryn A" sort="Chung, Kathryn A" uniqKey="Chung K" first="Kathryn" last="Chung">Kathryn. Chung</name></author><author><name sortKey="Quinn, Joseph F" sort="Quinn, Joseph F" uniqKey="Quinn J" first="Joseph" last="Quinn">Joseph. Quinn</name></author><author><name sortKey="Peskind, Elaine R" sort="Peskind, Elaine R" uniqKey="Peskind E" first="Elaine" last="Peskind">Elaine. Peskind</name></author><author><name sortKey="Galasko, Douglas" sort="Galasko, Douglas" uniqKey="Galasko D" first="Douglas" last="Galasko">Douglas Galasko</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jankovic, Joseph" sort="Jankovic, Joseph" uniqKey="Jankovic J" first="Joseph" last="Jankovic">Joseph Jankovic</name><affiliation><country>États-Unis</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Houston</settlement><region type="state">Texas</region></placeName><orgName type="university" n="3">Baylor College of Medicine</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zabetian, Cyrus P" sort="Zabetian, Cyrus P" uniqKey="Zabetian C" first="Cyrus" last="Zabetian">Cyrus. Zabetian</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kim, Hojoong M" sort="Kim, Hojoong M" uniqKey="Kim H" first="Hojoong" last="Kim">Hojoong. Kim</name></author><author><name sortKey="Leverenz, James B" sort="Leverenz, James B" uniqKey="Leverenz J" first="James" last="Leverenz">James. Leverenz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Montine, Thomas J" sort="Montine, Thomas J" uniqKey="Montine T" first="Thomas" last="Montine">Thomas. Montine</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ginghina, Carmen" sort="Ginghina, Carmen" uniqKey="Ginghina C" first="Carmen" last="Ginghina">Carmen Ginghina</name></author><author><name sortKey="Edwards, Karen L" sort="Edwards, Karen L" uniqKey="Edwards K" first="Karen" last="Edwards">Karen. Edwards</name></author><author><name sortKey="Snapinn, Katherine W" sort="Snapinn, Katherine W" uniqKey="Snapinn K" first="Katherine" last="Snapinn">Katherine. Snapinn</name></author><author><name sortKey="Goldstein, David S" sort="Goldstein, David S" uniqKey="Goldstein D" first="David" last="Goldstein">David. Goldstein</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shi, Min" sort="Shi, Min" uniqKey="Shi M" first="Min" last="Shi">Min Shi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, Jing" sort="Zhang, Jing" uniqKey="Zhang J" first="Jing" last="Zhang">Jing Zhang</name></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2011">2011</date><idno type="doi">10.1016/j.ajpath.2011.01.006</idno><idno type="RBID">pubmed:21435440</idno><idno type="pmid">21435440</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">000076</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Curation">000076</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Checkpoint">000080</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Complement 3 and factor h in human cerebrospinal fluid in Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and multiple-system atrophy.</title><author><name sortKey="Wang, Yu" sort="Wang, Yu" uniqKey="Wang Y" first="Yu" last="Wang">Yu Wang</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98104, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98104</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hancock, Aneeka M" sort="Hancock, Aneeka M" uniqKey="Hancock A" first="Aneeka" last="Hancock">Aneeka. Hancock</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bradner, Joshua" sort="Bradner, Joshua" uniqKey="Bradner J" first="Joshua" last="Bradner">Joshua Bradner</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chung, Kathryn A" sort="Chung, Kathryn A" uniqKey="Chung K" first="Kathryn" last="Chung">Kathryn. Chung</name></author><author><name sortKey="Quinn, Joseph F" sort="Quinn, Joseph F" uniqKey="Quinn J" first="Joseph" last="Quinn">Joseph. Quinn</name></author><author><name sortKey="Peskind, Elaine R" sort="Peskind, Elaine R" uniqKey="Peskind E" first="Elaine" last="Peskind">Elaine. Peskind</name></author><author><name sortKey="Galasko, Douglas" sort="Galasko, Douglas" uniqKey="Galasko D" first="Douglas" last="Galasko">Douglas Galasko</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jankovic, Joseph" sort="Jankovic, Joseph" uniqKey="Jankovic J" first="Joseph" last="Jankovic">Joseph Jankovic</name><affiliation><country>États-Unis</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Houston</settlement><region type="state">Texas</region></placeName><orgName type="university" n="3">Baylor College of Medicine</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zabetian, Cyrus P" sort="Zabetian, Cyrus P" uniqKey="Zabetian C" first="Cyrus" last="Zabetian">Cyrus. Zabetian</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kim, Hojoong M" sort="Kim, Hojoong M" uniqKey="Kim H" first="Hojoong" last="Kim">Hojoong. Kim</name></author><author><name sortKey="Leverenz, James B" sort="Leverenz, James B" uniqKey="Leverenz J" first="James" last="Leverenz">James. Leverenz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Montine, Thomas J" sort="Montine, Thomas J" uniqKey="Montine T" first="Thomas" last="Montine">Thomas. Montine</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ginghina, Carmen" sort="Ginghina, Carmen" uniqKey="Ginghina C" first="Carmen" last="Ginghina">Carmen Ginghina</name></author><author><name sortKey="Edwards, Karen L" sort="Edwards, Karen L" uniqKey="Edwards K" first="Karen" last="Edwards">Karen. Edwards</name></author><author><name sortKey="Snapinn, Katherine W" sort="Snapinn, Katherine W" uniqKey="Snapinn K" first="Katherine" last="Snapinn">Katherine. Snapinn</name></author><author><name sortKey="Goldstein, David S" sort="Goldstein, David S" uniqKey="Goldstein D" first="David" last="Goldstein">David. Goldstein</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shi, Min" sort="Shi, Min" uniqKey="Shi M" first="Min" last="Shi">Min Shi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, Jing" sort="Zhang, Jing" uniqKey="Zhang J" first="Jing" last="Zhang">Jing Zhang</name></author></analytic><series><title level="j">The American journal of pathology</title><idno type="e-ISSN">1525-2191</idno><imprint><date when="2011" type="published">2011</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Adult</term><term>Aged</term><term>Aged, 80 and over</term><term>Alzheimer Disease (cerebrospinal fluid)</term><term>Amyloid beta-Peptides (cerebrospinal fluid)</term><term>Case-Control Studies</term><term>Cohort Studies</term><term>Complement C3 (cerebrospinal fluid)</term><term>Complement Factor H (cerebrospinal fluid)</term><term>Female</term><term>Humans</term><term>Inflammation</term><term>Male</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Multiple System Atrophy (cerebrospinal fluid)</term><term>Parkinson Disease (cerebrospinal fluid)</term><term>Peptide Fragments (cerebrospinal fluid)</term><term>Quality Control</term><term>Regression Analysis</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="cerebrospinal fluid" xml:lang="en"><term>Amyloid beta-Peptides</term><term>Complement C3</term><term>Complement Factor H</term><term>Peptide Fragments</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="cerebrospinal fluid" xml:lang="en"><term>Alzheimer Disease</term><term>Multiple System Atrophy</term><term>Parkinson Disease</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Adult</term><term>Aged</term><term>Aged, 80 and over</term><term>Case-Control Studies</term><term>Cohort Studies</term><term>Female</term><term>Humans</term><term>Inflammation</term><term>Male</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Quality Control</term><term>Regression Analysis</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Complement activation, a key component of neuroinflammation, has been reported in both Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, it is unclear whether complement activation and neuroinflammation in general are distinctly different from each another in major neurodegenerative disorders. In the present study, cerebrospinal fluid complement 3 (C3) and factor H (FH) were measured and evaluated together with amyloid-β(42) (Aβ(42)), which in recent investigations was decreased in patients with PD, in particular those with cognitive impairment. The study included 345 participants: 126 patients with PD at various stages with or without cognitive impairment, 50 with AD, and 32 with multiple-system atrophy, and 137 healthy control individuals. In addition to changes in Aβ(42) concentrations, there were clear differences in the patterns of complement profiles among neurodegenerative disorders. The C3/FH ratio demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity in differentiating patients with multiple-system atrophy from those with AD or PD and control individuals. In addition, the C3/Aβ(42) and FH/Aβ(42) ratios not only correlated with PD severity approximated using the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale but also with the presence of cognitive impairment or dementia in PD. Both C3 and FH correlated with the severity of impairment in AD as indicated using Mini-Mental State Examination scores.</div></front></TEI></pubmed></double></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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