Heterosubtypic T-Cell Immunity to Influenza in Humans: Challenges for Universal T-Cell Influenza Vaccines
Identifieur interne : 000080 ( Pmc/Curation ); précédent : 000079; suivant : 000081Heterosubtypic T-Cell Immunity to Influenza in Humans: Challenges for Universal T-Cell Influenza Vaccines
Auteurs : Saranya Sridhar [Royaume-Uni]Source :
- Frontiers in Immunology [ 1664-3224 ] ; 2016.
Abstract
Influenza A virus (IAV) remains a significant global health issue causing annual epidemics, pandemics, and sporadic human infections with highly pathogenic avian or swine influenza viruses. Current inactivated and live vaccines are the mainstay of the public health response to influenza, although vaccine efficacy is lower against antigenically distinct viral strains. The first pandemic of the twenty-first century underlined the urgent need to develop new vaccines capable of protecting against a broad range of influenza strains. Such “universal” influenza vaccines are based on the idea of heterosubtypic immunity, wherein immune responses to epitopes conserved across IAV strains can confer protection against subsequent infection and disease. T-cells recognizing conserved antigens are a key contributor in reducing viral load and limiting disease severity during heterosubtypic infection in animal models. Recent studies undertaken during the 2009 H1N1 pandemic provided key insights into the role of cross-reactive T-cells in mediating heterosubtypic protection in humans. This review focuses on human influenza to discuss the epidemiological observations that underpin cross-protective immunity, the role of T-cells as key players in mediating heterosubtypic immunity including recent data from natural history cohort studies and the ongoing clinical development of T-cell-inducing universal influenza vaccines. The challenges and knowledge gaps for developing vaccines to generate long-lived protective T-cell responses is discussed.
Url:
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00195
PubMed: 27242800
PubMed Central: 4871858
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Heterosubtypic T-Cell Immunity to Influenza in Humans: Challenges for Universal T-Cell Influenza Vaccines</title><author><name sortKey="Sridhar, Saranya" sort="Sridhar, Saranya" uniqKey="Sridhar S" first="Saranya" last="Sridhar">Saranya Sridhar</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution>Jenner Institute, University of Oxford</institution>,<addr-line>Oxford</addr-line>,<country>UK</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">27242800</idno><idno type="pmc">4871858</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4871858</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:4871858</idno><idno type="doi">10.3389/fimmu.2016.00195</idno><date when="2016">2016</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000080</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000080</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000080</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">000080</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Heterosubtypic T-Cell Immunity to Influenza in Humans: Challenges for Universal T-Cell Influenza Vaccines</title><author><name sortKey="Sridhar, Saranya" sort="Sridhar, Saranya" uniqKey="Sridhar S" first="Saranya" last="Sridhar">Saranya Sridhar</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution>Jenner Institute, University of Oxford</institution>,<addr-line>Oxford</addr-line>,<country>UK</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Frontiers in Immunology</title><idno type="eISSN">1664-3224</idno><imprint><date when="2016">2016</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Influenza A virus (IAV) remains a significant global health issue causing annual epidemics, pandemics, and sporadic human infections with highly pathogenic avian or swine influenza viruses. Current inactivated and live vaccines are the mainstay of the public health response to influenza, although vaccine efficacy is lower against antigenically distinct viral strains. The first pandemic of the twenty-first century underlined the urgent need to develop new vaccines capable of protecting against a broad range of influenza strains. Such “universal” influenza vaccines are based on the idea of heterosubtypic immunity, wherein immune responses to epitopes conserved across IAV strains can confer protection against subsequent infection and disease. T-cells recognizing conserved antigens are a key contributor in reducing viral load and limiting disease severity during heterosubtypic infection in animal models. Recent studies undertaken during the 2009 H1N1 pandemic provided key insights into the role of cross-reactive T-cells in mediating heterosubtypic protection in humans. This review focuses on human influenza to discuss the epidemiological observations that underpin cross-protective immunity, the role of T-cells as key players in mediating heterosubtypic immunity including recent data from natural history cohort studies and the ongoing clinical development of T-cell-inducing universal influenza vaccines. 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article-type="review-article"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Front Immunol</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Front Immunol</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Front. Immunol.</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Frontiers in Immunology</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">1664-3224</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Frontiers Media S.A.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">27242800</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4871858</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.3389/fimmu.2016.00195</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Immunology</subject><subj-group><subject>Review</subject></subj-group></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Heterosubtypic T-Cell Immunity to Influenza in Humans: Challenges for Universal T-Cell Influenza Vaccines</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Sridhar</surname><given-names>Saranya</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1">*</xref><uri xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://frontiersin.org/people/u/65126"></uri></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff1"><sup>1</sup><institution>Jenner Institute, University of Oxford</institution>,<addr-line>Oxford</addr-line>,<country>UK</country></aff><author-notes><fn fn-type="edited-by"><p>Edited by: Liisa Kaarina Selin, University of Massachusetts Medical School, USA</p></fn><fn fn-type="edited-by"><p>Reviewed by: Linda S. Cauley, University of Connecticut, USA; Tara Marlene Strutt, University of Central Florida, USA</p></fn><corresp content-type="corresp" id="cor1">*Correspondence: Saranya Sridhar, <email>saranya.sridhar@ndm.ox.ac.uk</email></corresp><fn fn-type="other" id="fn001"><p>Specialty section: This article was submitted to Immunological Memory, a section of the journal Frontiers in Immunology</p></fn></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>5</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>7</volume><elocation-id>195</elocation-id><history><date date-type="received"><day>18</day><month>2</month><year>2016</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>03</day><month>5</month><year>2016</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright © 2016 Sridhar.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder>Sridhar</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"><license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.</license-p></license></permissions><abstract><p>Influenza A virus (IAV) remains a significant global health issue causing annual epidemics, pandemics, and sporadic human infections with highly pathogenic avian or swine influenza viruses. Current inactivated and live vaccines are the mainstay of the public health response to influenza, although vaccine efficacy is lower against antigenically distinct viral strains. The first pandemic of the twenty-first century underlined the urgent need to develop new vaccines capable of protecting against a broad range of influenza strains. Such “universal” influenza vaccines are based on the idea of heterosubtypic immunity, wherein immune responses to epitopes conserved across IAV strains can confer protection against subsequent infection and disease. T-cells recognizing conserved antigens are a key contributor in reducing viral load and limiting disease severity during heterosubtypic infection in animal models. Recent studies undertaken during the 2009 H1N1 pandemic provided key insights into the role of cross-reactive T-cells in mediating heterosubtypic protection in humans. This review focuses on human influenza to discuss the epidemiological observations that underpin cross-protective immunity, the role of T-cells as key players in mediating heterosubtypic immunity including recent data from natural history cohort studies and the ongoing clinical development of T-cell-inducing universal influenza vaccines. The challenges and knowledge gaps for developing vaccines to generate long-lived protective T-cell responses is discussed.</p></abstract><kwd-group><kwd>influenza</kwd><kwd>T-cells</kwd><kwd>universal vaccine</kwd><kwd>pandemic influenza</kwd><kwd>heterosubtypic immunity</kwd><kwd>correlates of protection</kwd></kwd-group><counts><fig-count count="0"></fig-count><table-count count="2"></table-count><equation-count count="0"></equation-count><ref-count count="145"></ref-count><page-count count="12"></page-count><word-count count="11053"></word-count></counts></article-meta></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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