Epidemiology, ecology and gene pool of influenza A virus in Egypt: Will Egypt be the epicentre of the next influenza pandemic?
Identifieur interne : 000404 ( Pmc/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000403; suivant : 000405Epidemiology, ecology and gene pool of influenza A virus in Egypt: Will Egypt be the epicentre of the next influenza pandemic?
Auteurs : Em Abdelwhab [Égypte, Allemagne] ; Ahmed S. Abdel-Moneim [Égypte, Arabie saoudite]Source :
- Virulence [ 2150-5594 ] ; 2015.
Abstract
Outside Asia, Egypt is considered to be an influenza H5N1 epicentre and presents a far greater pandemic risk than other countries. The long-term endemicity of H5N1 and the recent emergence of H9N2 in poultry call attention to the need for unravelling the epidemiology, ecology and highly diverse gene pool of influenza A virus (IAV) in Egypt which is the aim of this review. Isolation of a considerable number of IAV subtypes from several avian and mammalian hosts was described. Co-infections of poultry with H5N1 and H9N2 and subclinical infections of pigs and humans with H1N1 and H5N1 may raise the potential for the reassortment of these viruses. Moreover, the adjustment of IAV genomes, particularly H5N1, to optimize their evolution toward efficient transmission in human is progressing in Egypt. Understanding the present situation of influenza viruses in Egypt will help in the control of the disease and can potentially prevent a possible pandemic.
Url:
DOI: 10.4161/21505594.2014.992662
PubMed: 25635701
PubMed Central: 4603438
Affiliations:
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Outside Asia, Egypt is considered to be an influenza H5N1 epicentre and presents a far greater pandemic risk than other countries. The long-term endemicity of H5N1 and the recent emergence of H9N2 in poultry call attention to the need for unravelling the epidemiology, ecology and highly diverse gene pool of influenza A virus (IAV) in Egypt which is the aim of this review. Isolation of a considerable number of IAV subtypes from several avian and mammalian hosts was described. Co-infections of poultry with H5N1 and H9N2 and subclinical infections of pigs and humans with H1N1 and H5N1 may raise the potential for the reassortment of these viruses. Moreover, the adjustment of IAV genomes, particularly H5N1, to optimize their evolution toward efficient transmission in human is progressing in Egypt. Understanding the present situation of influenza viruses in Egypt will help in the control of the disease and can potentially prevent a possible pandemic.</p>
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<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Review</subject>
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<title-group><article-title>Epidemiology, ecology and gene pool of influenza A virus in Egypt: Will Egypt be the epicentre of the next influenza pandemic? </article-title>
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<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Abdelwhab</surname>
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<xref ref-type="aff" rid="af0001"><sup>1</sup>
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<xref ref-type="aff" rid="af0002"><sup>2</sup>
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<xref ref-type="corresp" rid="an0001"><sup>*</sup>
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<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Abdel-Moneim</surname>
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<xref ref-type="aff" rid="af0003"><sup>3</sup>
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<xref ref-type="aff" rid="af0004"><sup>4</sup>
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;<addr-line>Greifswald Insel-Riems</addr-line>
, Germany</aff>
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<author-notes><corresp id="an0001"><label>*</label>
Correspondence to: EM Abdelwhab; Email: <email xlink:href="sayed.abdel-whab@fli.bund.de">sayed.abdel-whab@fli.bund.de</email>
; <email xlink:href="sayedabdelwhab@yahoo.com">sayedabdelwhab@yahoo.com</email>
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<volume>6</volume>
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<year>2014</year>
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<date date-type="rev-recd"><day>20</day>
<month>11</month>
<year>2014</year>
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<date date-type="accepted"><day>24</day>
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<year>2014</year>
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<permissions><copyright-statement>© 2015 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC</copyright-statement>
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<abstract><p>Outside Asia, Egypt is considered to be an influenza H5N1 epicentre and presents a far greater pandemic risk than other countries. The long-term endemicity of H5N1 and the recent emergence of H9N2 in poultry call attention to the need for unravelling the epidemiology, ecology and highly diverse gene pool of influenza A virus (IAV) in Egypt which is the aim of this review. Isolation of a considerable number of IAV subtypes from several avian and mammalian hosts was described. Co-infections of poultry with H5N1 and H9N2 and subclinical infections of pigs and humans with H1N1 and H5N1 may raise the potential for the reassortment of these viruses. Moreover, the adjustment of IAV genomes, particularly H5N1, to optimize their evolution toward efficient transmission in human is progressing in Egypt. Understanding the present situation of influenza viruses in Egypt will help in the control of the disease and can potentially prevent a possible pandemic.</p>
</abstract>
<kwd-group kwd-group-type="author"><title>Keywords</title>
<kwd>Egypt</kwd>
<kwd>epidemiology</kwd>
<kwd>H5N1</kwd>
<kwd>H9N2</kwd>
<kwd>influenza</kwd>
<kwd>pandemic</kwd>
<kwd>reassortment</kwd>
<kwd>virulence</kwd>
</kwd-group>
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