Patients awareness and attitude towards dental implants
Identifieur interne : 000296 ( Pmc/Corpus ); précédent : 000295; suivant : 000297Patients awareness and attitude towards dental implants
Auteurs : Shivani Kohli ; Shekhar Bhatia ; Arvinder Kaur ; Tiviya RathakrishnanSource :
- Indian Journal of Dentistry [ 0975-962X ] ; 2015.
Abstract
The aim of the study was to assess the awareness of the patients regarding implant-retained prosthesis as an option for tooth replacement and the knowledge about tooth replacement as a whole including source of information and attitude towards it amongst Malaysian population.
Information on demographic characteristics, knowledge about implant as an option for missing tooth replacement, source of information and knowledge about other options of tooth replacement were obtained from patients visiting various dental outpatient departments of hospital and private dental clinics using nationwide self-explanatory survey.
Amongst the 1013 response retrieved, 27% of respondents felt moderately well informed about the dental implant treatment. Only 9% of the respondents had dental implant treatment before and 17% felt well informed about different alternatives of replacing missing teeth. The dentists were the main source of information regarding dental implant treatment modality followed by friends and electronic media. 55.6% respondents felt implant to be as good as own teeth during function whereas high cost was the major limiting factor for implant treatment.
56% of Malaysian population was aware of dental implant as an alternative for replacing missing teeth. Necessary efforts and measures should be made to raise the awareness of dental implant treatment in the country.
Url:
DOI: 10.4103/0975-962X.168518
PubMed: 26752875
PubMed Central: 4691984
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PMC:4691984Le document en format XML
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<author><name sortKey="Kohli, Shivani" sort="Kohli, Shivani" uniqKey="Kohli S" first="Shivani" last="Kohli">Shivani Kohli</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Bhatia, Shekhar" sort="Bhatia, Shekhar" uniqKey="Bhatia S" first="Shekhar" last="Bhatia">Shekhar Bhatia</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2"><italic>Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, MAHSA University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia</italic>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kaur, Arvinder" sort="Kaur, Arvinder" uniqKey="Kaur A" first="Arvinder" last="Kaur">Arvinder Kaur</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Rathakrishnan, Tiviya" sort="Rathakrishnan, Tiviya" uniqKey="Rathakrishnan T" first="Tiviya" last="Rathakrishnan">Tiviya Rathakrishnan</name>
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<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Patients awareness and attitude towards dental implants</title>
<author><name sortKey="Kohli, Shivani" sort="Kohli, Shivani" uniqKey="Kohli S" first="Shivani" last="Kohli">Shivani Kohli</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bhatia, Shekhar" sort="Bhatia, Shekhar" uniqKey="Bhatia S" first="Shekhar" last="Bhatia">Shekhar Bhatia</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2"><italic>Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, MAHSA University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia</italic>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kaur, Arvinder" sort="Kaur, Arvinder" uniqKey="Kaur A" first="Arvinder" last="Kaur">Arvinder Kaur</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Rathakrishnan, Tiviya" sort="Rathakrishnan, Tiviya" uniqKey="Rathakrishnan T" first="Tiviya" last="Rathakrishnan">Tiviya Rathakrishnan</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff>
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<series><title level="j">Indian Journal of Dentistry</title>
<idno type="ISSN">0975-962X</idno>
<idno type="eISSN">2213-3666</idno>
<imprint><date when="2015">2015</date>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec id="st1"><title>Aims:</title>
<p>The aim of the study was to assess the awareness of the patients regarding implant-retained prosthesis as an option for tooth replacement and the knowledge about tooth replacement as a whole including source of information and attitude towards it amongst Malaysian population.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="st2"><title>Materials and Methods:</title>
<p>Information on demographic characteristics, knowledge about implant as an option for missing tooth replacement, source of information and knowledge about other options of tooth replacement were obtained from patients visiting various dental outpatient departments of hospital and private dental clinics using nationwide self-explanatory survey.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="st3"><title>Results:</title>
<p>Amongst the 1013 response retrieved, 27% of respondents felt moderately well informed about the dental implant treatment. Only 9% of the respondents had dental implant treatment before and 17% felt well informed about different alternatives of replacing missing teeth. The dentists were the main source of information regarding dental implant treatment modality followed by friends and electronic media. 55.6% respondents felt implant to be as good as own teeth during function whereas high cost was the major limiting factor for implant treatment.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="st4"><title>Conclusion:</title>
<p>56% of Malaysian population was aware of dental implant as an alternative for replacing missing teeth. Necessary efforts and measures should be made to raise the awareness of dental implant treatment in the country.</p>
</sec>
</div>
</front>
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<pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Indian J Dent</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Indian J Dent</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">IJDENT</journal-id>
<journal-title-group><journal-title>Indian Journal of Dentistry</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="ppub">0975-962X</issn>
<issn pub-type="epub">2213-3666</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>India</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">26752875</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4691984</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">IJDENT-6-167</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.4103/0975-962X.168518</article-id>
<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Original Article</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group><article-title>Patients awareness and attitude towards dental implants</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kohli</surname>
<given-names>Shivani</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"></xref>
<xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"></xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Bhatia</surname>
<given-names>Shekhar</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">1</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kaur</surname>
<given-names>Arvinder</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"></xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Rathakrishnan</surname>
<given-names>Tiviya</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"></xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="aff1"><italic>Department of Prosthodontics, MAHSA University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia</italic>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2"><label>1</label>
<italic>Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, MAHSA University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia</italic>
</aff>
<author-notes><corresp id="cor1"><bold>Address for correspondence:</bold>
Dr. Shivani Kohli, Faculty of Dentistry, MAHSA Univeristy, Level 6, Block E, Pusat Bandar Damansara 50490, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. E-mail: <email xlink:href="drshivanidentist@gmail.com">drshivanidentist@gmail.com</email>
</corresp>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub"><season>Oct-Dec</season>
<year>2015</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>6</volume>
<issue>4</issue>
<fpage>167</fpage>
<lpage>171</lpage>
<permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright: © 2015 Indian Journal of Dentistry</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2015</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0"><license-p>This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as the author is credited and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<abstract><sec id="st1"><title>Aims:</title>
<p>The aim of the study was to assess the awareness of the patients regarding implant-retained prosthesis as an option for tooth replacement and the knowledge about tooth replacement as a whole including source of information and attitude towards it amongst Malaysian population.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="st2"><title>Materials and Methods:</title>
<p>Information on demographic characteristics, knowledge about implant as an option for missing tooth replacement, source of information and knowledge about other options of tooth replacement were obtained from patients visiting various dental outpatient departments of hospital and private dental clinics using nationwide self-explanatory survey.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="st3"><title>Results:</title>
<p>Amongst the 1013 response retrieved, 27% of respondents felt moderately well informed about the dental implant treatment. Only 9% of the respondents had dental implant treatment before and 17% felt well informed about different alternatives of replacing missing teeth. The dentists were the main source of information regarding dental implant treatment modality followed by friends and electronic media. 55.6% respondents felt implant to be as good as own teeth during function whereas high cost was the major limiting factor for implant treatment.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="st4"><title>Conclusion:</title>
<p>56% of Malaysian population was aware of dental implant as an alternative for replacing missing teeth. Necessary efforts and measures should be made to raise the awareness of dental implant treatment in the country.</p>
</sec>
</abstract>
<kwd-group><kwd>Awareness</kwd>
<kwd>attitude</kwd>
<kwd>dental implants</kwd>
<kwd>knowledge</kwd>
<kwd>Malaysia</kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
<body><sec sec-type="intro" id="sec1-1"><title>INTRODUCTION</title>
<p>Dental implant is an artificial root that is surgically inserted into the jawbone to support a single tooth replacement, fixed partial, complete denture or maxillofacial prosthesis.</p>
<p>It has become increasingly important[<xref rid="ref1" ref-type="bibr">1</xref>
<xref rid="ref2" ref-type="bibr">2</xref>
] as majority of patients treated with implant-supported prosthesis have reported improvement in their quality of life, assurance, self-confidence[<xref rid="ref3" ref-type="bibr">3</xref>
] including psychological benefits and moreover conservation of the tooth structure adjacent to the teeth to be replaced.[<xref rid="ref4" ref-type="bibr">4</xref>
] Due to its high success rates and predictability, its clinical implication is increasing rapidly.[<xref rid="ref5" ref-type="bibr">5</xref>
]</p>
<p>The perspective and outlook of the population towards dental implants are less known. Several studies have been conducted to show the patients’ awareness about implants in different countries. Pommer <italic>et al</italic>
. reported 79% of the Austrian population expressed desire for implant treatment.[<xref rid="ref1" ref-type="bibr">1</xref>
] A survey from Sweden in 1999, reported a histrionic rise in interest of implant treatment to 95% over a period of 10 years.[<xref rid="ref6" ref-type="bibr">6</xref>
<xref rid="ref7" ref-type="bibr">7</xref>
<xref rid="ref8" ref-type="bibr">8</xref>
] Chawdhary <italic>et al</italic>
. reported that the level of awareness of implant treatment was 23.24% in 2010.[<xref rid="ref9" ref-type="bibr">9</xref>
] Zimmer <italic>et al</italic>
. in 1992 demonstrated a high awareness rate as well as general positive attitude toward oral implant therapy.[<xref rid="ref10" ref-type="bibr">10</xref>
]</p>
<p>Implant treatment is an increasingly popular treatment option with a high success rate. Recently, it has become the focus of the patients’ interest hence for dentist, it is vital to assess their level of knowledge with regards to dental implants and whether their perception of dental implants does in fact reflect reality in order to guide patients who do not have the education or background knowledge to make an informed decision between implant supported dentures and removable dentures.[<xref rid="ref7" ref-type="bibr">7</xref>
<xref rid="ref8" ref-type="bibr">8</xref>
<xref rid="ref9" ref-type="bibr">9</xref>
<xref rid="ref10" ref-type="bibr">10</xref>
] Overall aspiration for improved oral health related quality of life has become a truth after the arrival of dental implants. Replacement of missing teeth with implant supported prosthesis has been accepted and rated as a positive experience by patients who have undergone implant treatment.[<xref rid="ref9" ref-type="bibr">9</xref>
<xref rid="ref11" ref-type="bibr">11</xref>
] Many studies have been done in different parts of the world with regards to the awareness of dental implants as a treatment option. An overwhelming majority of patients with severely compromised local host bone can be offered implant-supported rehabilitation with a very good prognosis and improved esthetics, phonetics and function.[<xref rid="ref2" ref-type="bibr">2</xref>
<xref rid="ref9" ref-type="bibr">9</xref>
<xref rid="ref12" ref-type="bibr">12</xref>
<xref rid="ref13" ref-type="bibr">13</xref>
<xref rid="ref14" ref-type="bibr">14</xref>
<xref rid="ref15" ref-type="bibr">15</xref>
<xref rid="ref16" ref-type="bibr">16</xref>
<xref rid="ref17" ref-type="bibr">17</xref>
] Thus, the aim of the study was to assess the awareness of the patients regarding implant-retained prosthesis as an option for tooth replacement and the knowledge about tooth replacement as a whole including source of information and attitude towards it.</p>
</sec>
<sec sec-type="materials|methods" id="sec1-2"><title>MATERIALS AND METHODS</title>
<p>A survey was conducted through printed and online questionnaire composing of multiple questions with the intention of evaluating dental implant awareness among the Malaysian population in 2012 (May to December). A random sampling method with convenient sample size was used. Questionnaire was prepared both in English and Bahasa Malaysia (local language) to facilitate completion and to get better understanding of the questions by the respondents’.</p>
<p>Most of the hospitals with a dental outpatient department and private dental clinics were included in the study. The questionnaires were handed to the patients during their regular dental visits. All the respondents were informed about the aims and objectives of the study. Those who were not willing to give informed consent were excluded from the study. So out of 1500, only 1013 respondents agreed to participate in the survey with the non-response rate 32.46%.</p>
<p>For the purpose of the study the Malaysian population was grouped according to:</p>
<p>Gender: Male/Female</p>
<p>Age:</p>
<p><list list-type="simple"><list-item><label>a.</label>
<p>16-20 yrs</p>
</list-item>
<list-item><label>b.</label>
<p>21-40 yrs</p>
</list-item>
<list-item><label>c.</label>
<p>41-60 yrs</p>
</list-item>
<list-item><label>d.</label>
<p>61-80 yrs</p>
</list-item>
<list-item><label>e.</label>
<p>81 yrs and above</p>
</list-item>
</list>
</p>
<p>Education:</p>
<p><list list-type="simple"><list-item><label>a.</label>
<p>Up to high school</p>
</list-item>
<list-item><label>b.</label>
<p>Up to college</p>
</list-item>
<list-item><label>c.</label>
<p>Up to university and above</p>
</list-item>
</list>
</p>
<p>The survey form included self explanatory questions which were in correspondence to previous studies conducted Chowdhary <italic>et al</italic>
.,[<xref rid="ref9" ref-type="bibr">9</xref>
] and Berge <italic>et al</italic>
.[<xref rid="ref18" ref-type="bibr">18</xref>
]</p>
</sec>
<sec sec-type="results" id="sec1-3"><title>RESULTS</title>
<p><xref ref-type="fig" rid="F1">Figure 1</xref>
[a-c] depicts the characteristics of all the respondents based on their gender, age and education levels. Based on the 1013 responses retrieved, only 9% of the respondents had undergone dental implant treatment before [<xref ref-type="table" rid="T1">Table 1</xref>
]. Respondents with age group of 21 to 40 years were most well informed regarding dental implants.</p>
<fig id="F1" position="float"><label>Figure 1</label>
<caption><p>(a) Demographic profile of the respondents according to gender. (b) Demographic profile of the respondents according to age. (c) Demographic profile of the respondents according to education</p>
</caption>
<graphic xlink:href="IJDENT-6-167-g001"></graphic>
</fig>
<table-wrap id="T1" position="float"><label>Table 1</label>
<caption><p>Have you had dental implant treatment before</p>
</caption>
<graphic xlink:href="IJDENT-6-167-g002"></graphic>
</table-wrap>
<p>Among the 1013 respondents, 17% were well informed, 41% moderately well informed, 36% poorly informed regarding different alternatives for replacing missing teeth. Most were aware of complete dentures (59%), followed closely by implant supported denture (56%) and partial dentures (55%) as an alternative for the replacement of missing teeth. 113 respondents were not aware of any alternatives given [<xref ref-type="table" rid="T2">Table 2</xref>
]. Only 8% of respondents felt very well informed about dental implant, 14% well informed, 27% moderately well informed and 47% poorly informed as mentioned in <xref ref-type="table" rid="T3">Table 3</xref>
.</p>
<table-wrap id="T2" position="float"><label>Table 2</label>
<caption><p>Questions on alternatives for replacing missing teeth</p>
</caption>
<graphic xlink:href="IJDENT-6-167-g003"></graphic>
</table-wrap>
<table-wrap id="T3" position="float"><label>Table 3</label>
<caption><p>How well do you subjectively feel informed about dental implant?</p>
</caption>
<graphic xlink:href="IJDENT-6-167-g004"></graphic>
</table-wrap>
<p>47% of the respondents felt moderately well informed regarding the source of information about alternatives for replacement of missing teeth. Most of them stated their dentist (53.6%) followed by friend, relatives, internet, magazine and newspapers as the various source of information regarding dental implants [<xref ref-type="table" rid="T4">Table 4</xref>
]. 69.9% of the respondents wished to get more information about dental implants and of those 72.16% wished it to get from the dentist, 16.5% from internet and 2.96% from friends and relatives [<xref ref-type="table" rid="T5">Table 5</xref>
].</p>
<table-wrap id="T4" position="float"><label>Table 4</label>
<caption><p>Questions on source of information regarding different alternatives for replacement of missing teeth</p>
</caption>
<graphic xlink:href="IJDENT-6-167-g005"></graphic>
</table-wrap>
<table-wrap id="T5" position="float"><label>Table 5</label>
<caption><p>Questions on expectations about the source of information</p>
</caption>
<graphic xlink:href="IJDENT-6-167-g006"></graphic>
</table-wrap>
<p>80.5% (816) of the respondents were willing to consider dental implant treatment if needed whereas 19.5% (197) refused for it.</p>
<p>Regarding the advantages of the non-removable vs. removable denture, 51.4% reported ‘more comfortable in the mouth’, 47.8% defined better in ‘appearance’ and 55.6% reported that non-removable dentures ‘are as good as own teeth during function’. When all the respondents were questioned on disadvantages of implant supported prosthesis most respondents’ stated high costs (80.2%) followed by long treatment time, need of surgery and inadequate knowledge as the main limitations of dental implant treatment and the major reasons for refusing such treatment options [<xref ref-type="table" rid="T6">Table 6</xref>
].</p>
<table-wrap id="T6" position="float"><label>Table 6</label>
<caption><p>Questions on advantages and disadvantages of different prosthesis</p>
</caption>
<graphic xlink:href="IJDENT-6-167-g007"></graphic>
</table-wrap>
</sec>
<sec sec-type="discussion" id="sec1-4"><title>DISCUSSION</title>
<p>Replacement of missing teeth by means of implant supported prosthesis for esthetic and functional rehabilitation has turn out to be an established and extensively used treatment modality in dentistry. Among the 1013 respondents in the present study, majority of those who had heard of dental implants were amongst the 21-40 year age group (54.5%) and with the education of university level or higher (62.3%). This can be attributed to the increased interest in dental treatment amongst the younger generation and changing attitudes towards the advancements in medical and dental technology.[<xref rid="ref9" ref-type="bibr">9</xref>
] Factors such as high level of education coupled with a reasonably higher income and age can influence the findings of this research. Berge <italic>et al</italic>
.[<xref rid="ref18" ref-type="bibr">18</xref>
] conducted a study in Norway and claimed people of ages 45 and above with a high level of education were well informed about dental implants, which is concurrent with the findings of Chowdhary <italic>et al</italic>
.,[<xref rid="ref9" ref-type="bibr">9</xref>
] that stated respondents in the age groups of 25 to 44 with a college or university education were more aware of dental implants in India. In the present study, among the different options to rehabilitate missing tooth, 56% knew about dental implants as a treatment option. The results of the present study were significantly different from the results reported by Zimmer <italic>et al</italic>
.[<xref rid="ref10" ref-type="bibr">10</xref>
] and Berge <italic>et al</italic>
.[<xref rid="ref18" ref-type="bibr">18</xref>
] which reported high level of awareness as 77% and 70.1% respectively.</p>
<p>In the present study, only 47% of the respondents felt moderately well informed regarding the different sources of information about alternatives for replacement of missing teeth. Thus it is imperative to endorse dental implant and upsurge the awareness of such advanced treatment modalities in the society. 53.6% of the respondents stated their dentist as their source of hearing about dental implants followed by relatives and friends, internet, someone who has received an implant, newspapers or magazines. This is in agreement with Pommer <italic>et al</italic>
.,[<xref rid="ref1" ref-type="bibr">1</xref>
] Chowdhary <italic>et al</italic>
.,[<xref rid="ref9" ref-type="bibr">9</xref>
] Satpathy <italic>et al</italic>
.,[<xref rid="ref16" ref-type="bibr">16</xref>
<xref rid="ref19" ref-type="bibr">19</xref>
] Mukatash <italic>et al</italic>
.,[<xref rid="ref20" ref-type="bibr">20</xref>
] and Ravi Kumar <italic>et al</italic>
.,[<xref rid="ref21" ref-type="bibr">21</xref>
] all of which stated dentists as the main source of information. This finding is contrary to that reported by a study done in the USA, stating media as the main source.[<xref rid="ref18" ref-type="bibr">18</xref>
<xref rid="ref22" ref-type="bibr">22</xref>
] Thus, it is important to promote dental implant treatment, most importantly by means of effective communication between patients and their dentists and other options such as highlighting the usage of dental implants in health related articles in newspapers or health magazines.[<xref rid="ref23" ref-type="bibr">23</xref>
] As dentist were found to be the major information source, dental education must include suitable implantology courses to provide appropriate and realistic implant knowledge.</p>
<p>51.4% of those questioned reported that non-removable dentures were more comfortable in the mouth, 47.8% defined it to be better in appearance and 55.6% reported it to be as good as own teeth in function. High costs (80.2%), long treatment period (41.2%) and need for surgery (37.9%) were the main disadvantages of the implant treatment according to patients. These results were consistent with the other American and Japanese studies which reported the similar results.[<xref rid="ref10" ref-type="bibr">10</xref>
<xref rid="ref24" ref-type="bibr">24</xref>
] As high costs was the main reason not to choose implant therapy, it is vital to highlight the patients that quality of life overshadows high cost of implants. The benefits and drawbacks of different types of treatment modalities should be properly explained so they can make a learned choice.</p>
</sec>
<sec sec-type="conclusion" id="sec1-5"><title>CONCLUSION</title>
<p>Bearing the results of our study, it is vital to raise the awareness of dental implant treatment in Malaysia. This survey among patients in Malaysia showed that the many of them were unaware about using dental implants as an option for replacing missing teeth. As dentists were the main sources of information regarding dental implants, further efforts should be made by them and the governing bodies to take necessary steps for creating awareness amongst the people. As most of the patients found dental implants treatment to be expensive and unaffordable efforts should be made to reduce the cost of dental implants to a more affordable rate. Adequate awareness and ironic, factual and exhaustive data are the indispensable tools that project dental implant-retained prostheses as the best choice for the tooth and lost maxillofacial tissue replacement. The dentist as a professional has the foremost role to play in this regard, and this can be achieved by executing patient education programmes and counseling centers on dental implant usage and advantages in order to concoct a patient's mind.</p>
<sec id="sec2-1"><title>Financial support and sponsorship</title>
<p>Nil.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="sec2-2"><title>Conflicts of interest</title>
<p>There are no conflicts of interest.</p>
</sec>
</sec>
</body>
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