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Denture-Related Stomatitis Is Associated with Endothelial Dysfunction

Identifieur interne : 005311 ( Ncbi/Merge ); précédent : 005310; suivant : 005312

Denture-Related Stomatitis Is Associated with Endothelial Dysfunction

Auteurs : Joanna Maci G [Pologne] ; Grzegorz Osmenda [Pologne] ; Daniel Nowakowski [Pologne] ; Grzegorz Wilk [Pologne] ; Anna Maci G [Pologne] ; Tomasz Mikołajczyk [Pologne] ; Ryszard Nosalski [Pologne] ; Agnieszka Sagan [Pologne, Royaume-Uni] ; Magdalena Filip [Pologne] ; Mirosław Dr D [Pologne] ; Jolanta Loster [Pologne] ; Tomasz J. Guzik [Pologne, Royaume-Uni] ; Marta Cze Nikiewicz-Guzik [Pologne, Royaume-Uni]

Source :

RBID : PMC:4090512

Abstract

Oral inflammation, such as periodontitis, can lead to endothelial dysfunction, accelerated atherosclerosis, and vascular dysfunction. The relationship between vascular dysfunction and other common forms of oral infections such as denture-related stomatitis (DRS) is unknown. Similar risk factors predispose to both conditions including smoking, diabetes, age, and obesity. Accordingly, we aimed to investigate endothelial function and major vascular disease risk factors in 44 consecutive patients with dentures with clinical and microbiological features of DRS (n = 20) and without DRS (n = 24). While there was a tendency for higher occurrence of diabetes and smoking, groups did not differ significantly in respect to major vascular disease risk factors. Groups did not differ in main ambulatory blood pressure, total cholesterol, or even CRP. Importantly, flow mediated dilatation (FMD) was significantly lower in DRS than in non-DRS subjects, while nitroglycerin induced vasorelaxation (NMD) or intima-media thickness (IMT) was similar. Interestingly, while triglyceride levels were normal in both groups, they were higher in DRS subjects, although they did not correlate with either FMD or NMD. Conclusions. Denture related stomatitis is associated with endothelial dysfunction in elderly patients with dentures. This is in part related to the fact that diabetes and smoking increase risk of both DRS and cardiovascular disease.


Url:
DOI: 10.1155/2014/474016
PubMed: 25045683
PubMed Central: 4090512

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PMC:4090512

Le document en format XML

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<name sortKey="Nosalski, Ryszard" sort="Nosalski, Ryszard" uniqKey="Nosalski R" first="Ryszard" last="Nosalski">Ryszard Nosalski</name>
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<name sortKey="Sagan, Agnieszka" sort="Sagan, Agnieszka" uniqKey="Sagan A" first="Agnieszka" last="Sagan">Agnieszka Sagan</name>
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<name sortKey="Loster, Jolanta" sort="Loster, Jolanta" uniqKey="Loster J" first="Jolanta" last="Loster">Jolanta Loster</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="I5">Department of Dental Prosthetics, Institute of Dentistry at Jagiellonian University Medical Collage, Cracow, Poland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pologne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Dental Prosthetics, Institute of Dentistry at Jagiellonian University Medical Collage, Cracow</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cracow</wicri:noRegion>
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<name sortKey="Guzik, Tomasz J" sort="Guzik, Tomasz J" uniqKey="Guzik T" first="Tomasz J." last="Guzik">Tomasz J. Guzik</name>
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<nlm:aff id="I2">Department of Internal and Agricultural Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pologne</country>
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<name sortKey="Cze Nikiewicz Guzik, Marta" sort="Cze Nikiewicz Guzik, Marta" uniqKey="Cze Nikiewicz Guzik M" first="Marta" last="Cze Nikiewicz-Guzik">Marta Cze Nikiewicz-Guzik</name>
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<nlm:aff id="I1">Department of Prophylaxis and Experimental Dentistry, Institute of Dentistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pologne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Prophylaxis and Experimental Dentistry, Institute of Dentistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Cracow</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
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<nlm:aff id="I4">Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK</nlm:aff>
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<wicri:regionArea>Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Glasgow</settlement>
<region type="country">Écosse</region>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Glasgow</orgName>
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<series>
<title level="j">BioMed Research International</title>
<idno type="ISSN">2314-6133</idno>
<idno type="eISSN">2314-6141</idno>
<imprint>
<date when="2014">2014</date>
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<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">
<p>Oral inflammation, such as periodontitis, can lead to endothelial dysfunction, accelerated atherosclerosis, and vascular dysfunction. The relationship between vascular dysfunction and other common forms of oral infections such as denture-related stomatitis (DRS) is unknown. Similar risk factors predispose to both conditions including smoking, diabetes, age, and obesity. Accordingly, we aimed to investigate endothelial function and major vascular disease risk factors in 44 consecutive patients with dentures with clinical and microbiological features of DRS (
<italic>n</italic>
= 20) and without DRS (
<italic>n</italic>
= 24). While there was a tendency for higher occurrence of diabetes and smoking, groups did not differ significantly in respect to major vascular disease risk factors. Groups did not differ in main ambulatory blood pressure, total cholesterol, or even CRP. Importantly, flow mediated dilatation (FMD) was significantly lower in DRS than in non-DRS subjects, while nitroglycerin induced vasorelaxation (NMD) or intima-media thickness (IMT) was similar. Interestingly, while triglyceride levels were normal in both groups, they were higher in DRS subjects, although they did not correlate with either FMD or NMD.
<italic>Conclusions</italic>
. Denture related stomatitis is associated with endothelial dysfunction in elderly patients with dentures. This is in part related to the fact that diabetes and smoking increase risk of both DRS and cardiovascular disease.</p>
</div>
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<pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Biomed Res Int</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Biomed Res Int</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">BMRI</journal-id>
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<journal-title>BioMed Research International</journal-title>
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<issn pub-type="ppub">2314-6133</issn>
<issn pub-type="epub">2314-6141</issn>
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<publisher-name>Hindawi Publishing Corporation</publisher-name>
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<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmid">25045683</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4090512</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1155/2014/474016</article-id>
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<subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
<subject>Research Article</subject>
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<title-group>
<article-title>Denture-Related Stomatitis Is Associated with Endothelial Dysfunction</article-title>
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<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid" authenticated="false">http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9759-011X</contrib-id>
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<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Wilk</surname>
<given-names>Grzegorz</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Maciąg</surname>
<given-names>Anna</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Mikołajczyk</surname>
<given-names>Tomasz</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid" authenticated="false">http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4661-8773</contrib-id>
<name>
<surname>Nosalski</surname>
<given-names>Ryszard</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Sagan</surname>
<given-names>Agnieszka</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I4">
<sup>4</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Filip</surname>
<given-names>Magdalena</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Dróżdż</surname>
<given-names>Mirosław</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid" authenticated="false">http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8759-0810</contrib-id>
<name>
<surname>Loster</surname>
<given-names>Jolanta</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I5">
<sup>5</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Guzik</surname>
<given-names>Tomasz J.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I4">
<sup>4</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid" authenticated="false">http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7444-1373</contrib-id>
<name>
<surname>Cześnikiewicz-Guzik</surname>
<given-names>Marta</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I4">
<sup>4</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1">*</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="I1">
<sup>1</sup>
Department of Prophylaxis and Experimental Dentistry, Institute of Dentistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland</aff>
<aff id="I2">
<sup>2</sup>
Department of Internal and Agricultural Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland</aff>
<aff id="I3">
<sup>3</sup>
Zbigniew Żak Voivodeship Dental Clinic, Cracow, Poland</aff>
<aff id="I4">
<sup>4</sup>
Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK</aff>
<aff id="I5">
<sup>5</sup>
Department of Dental Prosthetics, Institute of Dentistry at Jagiellonian University Medical Collage, Cracow, Poland</aff>
<author-notes>
<corresp id="cor1">*Marta Cześnikiewicz-Guzik:
<email>marta.czesnikiewicz-guzik@glasgow.ac.uk</email>
</corresp>
<fn fn-type="other">
<p>Academic Editor: Grant Drummond</p>
</fn>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub">
<year>2014</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>19</day>
<month>6</month>
<year>2014</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>2014</volume>
<elocation-id>474016</elocation-id>
<history>
<date date-type="received">
<day>28</day>
<month>3</month>
<year>2014</year>
</date>
<date date-type="rev-recd">
<day>28</day>
<month>5</month>
<year>2014</year>
</date>
<date date-type="accepted">
<day>29</day>
<month>5</month>
<year>2014</year>
</date>
</history>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright © 2014 Joanna Maciąg et al.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2014</copyright-year>
<license xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/">
<license-p>This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<abstract>
<p>Oral inflammation, such as periodontitis, can lead to endothelial dysfunction, accelerated atherosclerosis, and vascular dysfunction. The relationship between vascular dysfunction and other common forms of oral infections such as denture-related stomatitis (DRS) is unknown. Similar risk factors predispose to both conditions including smoking, diabetes, age, and obesity. Accordingly, we aimed to investigate endothelial function and major vascular disease risk factors in 44 consecutive patients with dentures with clinical and microbiological features of DRS (
<italic>n</italic>
= 20) and without DRS (
<italic>n</italic>
= 24). While there was a tendency for higher occurrence of diabetes and smoking, groups did not differ significantly in respect to major vascular disease risk factors. Groups did not differ in main ambulatory blood pressure, total cholesterol, or even CRP. Importantly, flow mediated dilatation (FMD) was significantly lower in DRS than in non-DRS subjects, while nitroglycerin induced vasorelaxation (NMD) or intima-media thickness (IMT) was similar. Interestingly, while triglyceride levels were normal in both groups, they were higher in DRS subjects, although they did not correlate with either FMD or NMD.
<italic>Conclusions</italic>
. Denture related stomatitis is associated with endothelial dysfunction in elderly patients with dentures. This is in part related to the fact that diabetes and smoking increase risk of both DRS and cardiovascular disease.</p>
</abstract>
</article-meta>
</front>
<floats-group>
<fig id="fig1" orientation="portrait" position="float">
<label>Figure 1</label>
<caption>
<p>Ambulatory blood pressure parameters in control and DRS patients. Blood pressure parameters were assessed by 24 h measurement with ambulatory blood pressure monitoring system. Results are presented as mean (SD);
<italic>n</italic>
control group = 23,
<italic>n</italic>
DRS group = 20.</p>
</caption>
<graphic xlink:href="BMRI2014-474016.001"></graphic>
</fig>
<fig id="fig2" orientation="portrait" position="float">
<label>Figure 2</label>
<caption>
<p>Vascular dysfunction in control and DRS. Vascular endothelium-dependent flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) and endothelium-independent nitroglycerin-mediated dilatation (NMD) parameters were assessed by ultrasonography. Results presented as median (
<italic>Q</italic>
1;
<italic> Q</italic>
2); ∗
<italic>P</italic>
< 0,005;
<italic>n</italic>
control group = 24,
<italic>n</italic>
DRS group = 20.</p>
</caption>
<graphic xlink:href="BMRI2014-474016.002"></graphic>
</fig>
<fig id="fig3" orientation="portrait" position="float">
<label>Figure 3</label>
<caption>
<p>IMT measurements in DRS and control group. (a) Mean common carotid artery intima-media thickness. Results are presented as mean (SD); (b) maximal common carotid artery intima-media thickness. Results presented as median (
<italic>Q</italic>
1;
<italic> Q</italic>
2). (a) and (b):
<italic>n</italic>
control group = 24,
<italic>n</italic>
DRS group = 20.</p>
</caption>
<graphic xlink:href="BMRI2014-474016.003"></graphic>
</fig>
<fig id="fig4" orientation="portrait" position="float">
<label>Figure 4</label>
<caption>
<p>Plasma lipid profile and C-reactive protein levels in control and DRS patients. (a) Comparison of lipid profiles. Results are presented as median (
<italic>Q</italic>
1;
<italic> Q</italic>
2); ∗
<italic>P</italic>
< 0,05; (b) comparison of plasma CRP concentrations. Results are presented as median (
<italic>Q</italic>
1;
<italic> Q</italic>
2). (a) and (b):
<italic>n</italic>
control group = 24,
<italic>n</italic>
DRS group = 18.</p>
</caption>
<graphic xlink:href="BMRI2014-474016.004"></graphic>
</fig>
<fig id="fig5" orientation="portrait" position="float">
<label>Figure 5</label>
<caption>
<p>Spearman correlation between parameters of vascular function parameters and triglycerides levels. (a) Spearman correlation between FMD and triglycerides levels:
<italic>R</italic>
Spearman = −0,13,
<italic>P</italic>
= 0,42; (b) Spearman correlation between NMD and triglycerides levels:
<italic>R</italic>
Spearman = −0, 025,
<italic>P</italic>
= 0,87; (a) and (b):
<italic>n</italic>
= 42.</p>
</caption>
<graphic xlink:href="BMRI2014-474016.005"></graphic>
</fig>
<table-wrap id="tab1" orientation="portrait" position="float">
<label>Table 1</label>
<caption>
<p>Patient clinical characteristics.</p>
</caption>
<table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
<thead>
<tr>
<th align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></th>
<th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">DRS group
<break></break>
<italic>n</italic>
= 20</th>
<th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></th>
<th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Control group
<break></break>
<italic>n</italic>
= 24</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Gender (M : F)</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2 : 18</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">
<italic>P</italic>
> 0,05</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6 : 18</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Age [mean (SD)]</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">63,9 (6,6)</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">
<italic>P</italic>
> 0,05</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">65,9 (10,3)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">BMI [median (
<italic>Q</italic>
1;
<italic>Q</italic>
2)]</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">28,5 (24,9; 33,6)</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">
<italic>P</italic>
> 0,05</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">27,8 (24,3; 29,3)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Smoking (%)</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6 (30%)</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">
<italic>P</italic>
> 0,05</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3 (12,5%)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diabetes mellitus (%)</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6 (30%)</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">
<italic>P</italic>
> 0,05</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2 (8,3%)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hypertension (%)</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">17 (85%)</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">
<italic>P</italic>
> 0,05</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">19 (79,2%)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hyperlipidemia (%)</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">13 (65%)</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">
<italic>P</italic>
> 0,05</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">12 (50%)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Medications (%)</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ACE inhibitor</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7 (35%)</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">
<italic>P</italic>
> 0,05</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">12 (50%)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Acetylsalicylic acid</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3 (15%)</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">
<italic>P</italic>
> 0,05</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4 (17%)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">
<italic>β</italic>
-blocker</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7 (35%)</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">
<italic>P</italic>
> 0,05</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">10 (42%)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Ca antagonist</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3 (15%)</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">
<italic>P</italic>
> 0,05</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8 (34%)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Diuretic</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7 (35%)</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">
<italic>P</italic>
> 0,05</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6 (25%)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Statin</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6 (30%)</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">
<italic>P</italic>
> 0,05</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5 (21%)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Insulin</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2 (10%)</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">
<italic>P</italic>
> 0,05</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2 (8,3%)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Oral antidiabetic agents</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2 (10%)</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">
<italic>P</italic>
> 0,05</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2 (8,3%)</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table-wrap-foot>
<fn>
<p>ACE: angiotensin converting enzyme, BMI: body mass index, DM: diabetes mellitus, SD: standard deviation.</p>
</fn>
</table-wrap-foot>
</table-wrap>
</floats-group>
</pmc>
<affiliations>
<list>
<country>
<li>Pologne</li>
<li>Royaume-Uni</li>
</country>
<region>
<li>Écosse</li>
</region>
<settlement>
<li>Glasgow</li>
</settlement>
<orgName>
<li>Université de Glasgow</li>
</orgName>
</list>
<tree>
<country name="Pologne">
<noRegion>
<name sortKey="Maci G, Joanna" sort="Maci G, Joanna" uniqKey="Maci G J" first="Joanna" last="Maci G">Joanna Maci G</name>
</noRegion>
<name sortKey="Cze Nikiewicz Guzik, Marta" sort="Cze Nikiewicz Guzik, Marta" uniqKey="Cze Nikiewicz Guzik M" first="Marta" last="Cze Nikiewicz-Guzik">Marta Cze Nikiewicz-Guzik</name>
<name sortKey="Dr D, Miroslaw" sort="Dr D, Miroslaw" uniqKey="Dr D M" first="Mirosław" last="Dr D">Mirosław Dr D</name>
<name sortKey="Filip, Magdalena" sort="Filip, Magdalena" uniqKey="Filip M" first="Magdalena" last="Filip">Magdalena Filip</name>
<name sortKey="Guzik, Tomasz J" sort="Guzik, Tomasz J" uniqKey="Guzik T" first="Tomasz J." last="Guzik">Tomasz J. Guzik</name>
<name sortKey="Loster, Jolanta" sort="Loster, Jolanta" uniqKey="Loster J" first="Jolanta" last="Loster">Jolanta Loster</name>
<name sortKey="Maci G, Anna" sort="Maci G, Anna" uniqKey="Maci G A" first="Anna" last="Maci G">Anna Maci G</name>
<name sortKey="Mikolajczyk, Tomasz" sort="Mikolajczyk, Tomasz" uniqKey="Mikolajczyk T" first="Tomasz" last="Mikołajczyk">Tomasz Mikołajczyk</name>
<name sortKey="Nosalski, Ryszard" sort="Nosalski, Ryszard" uniqKey="Nosalski R" first="Ryszard" last="Nosalski">Ryszard Nosalski</name>
<name sortKey="Nowakowski, Daniel" sort="Nowakowski, Daniel" uniqKey="Nowakowski D" first="Daniel" last="Nowakowski">Daniel Nowakowski</name>
<name sortKey="Osmenda, Grzegorz" sort="Osmenda, Grzegorz" uniqKey="Osmenda G" first="Grzegorz" last="Osmenda">Grzegorz Osmenda</name>
<name sortKey="Sagan, Agnieszka" sort="Sagan, Agnieszka" uniqKey="Sagan A" first="Agnieszka" last="Sagan">Agnieszka Sagan</name>
<name sortKey="Wilk, Grzegorz" sort="Wilk, Grzegorz" uniqKey="Wilk G" first="Grzegorz" last="Wilk">Grzegorz Wilk</name>
</country>
<country name="Royaume-Uni">
<region name="Écosse">
<name sortKey="Sagan, Agnieszka" sort="Sagan, Agnieszka" uniqKey="Sagan A" first="Agnieszka" last="Sagan">Agnieszka Sagan</name>
</region>
<name sortKey="Cze Nikiewicz Guzik, Marta" sort="Cze Nikiewicz Guzik, Marta" uniqKey="Cze Nikiewicz Guzik M" first="Marta" last="Cze Nikiewicz-Guzik">Marta Cze Nikiewicz-Guzik</name>
<name sortKey="Guzik, Tomasz J" sort="Guzik, Tomasz J" uniqKey="Guzik T" first="Tomasz J." last="Guzik">Tomasz J. Guzik</name>
</country>
</tree>
</affiliations>
</record>

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