Emergence Angles of the Cementoenamel Junction in Natural Maxillary Anterior Teeth
Identifieur interne : 007529 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 007528; suivant : 007530Emergence Angles of the Cementoenamel Junction in Natural Maxillary Anterior Teeth
Auteurs : Je-Kang Du ; Hung-Yuan Li ; Ju-Hui Wu ; Huey-Er Lee ; Chau-Hsiang WangSource :
- Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry [ 1496-4155 ] ; 2011-12.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Anterior teeth, Bers, Cementoenamel junction, Central incisor, Central incisors, Cervical, Clinical considerations, Connective tissue, Contour, Crown contour, Dent, Dentistry, Distal view, Emergence, Emergence angle, Emergence angles, Endodontic failure, Esthetic, Free gingiva, Gingiva, Gingival, Gingival contour, Gingival contours, Gingival health, Healthy gingiva, Ideal emergence, Implant, Implant placement, Implant restoration, Incisor, Kaohsiung, Labial, Labial view, Lateral, Lateral emergence, Lateral incisors, Long axis, Marginal gingiva, Marginal gingival, Master cast, Maxillary, Mesial, Narrow range, Natural maxillary, Natural tooth, Natural tooth contour, Palatal, Periodontal, Periodontal failure, Periodontal probe, Photographic observations, Polygonal mesh model, Proper emergence, Prosthet, Prosthet dent, Provisional restorations, Restorative dentistry, Root apical, Root surface, Soft tissue, Soft tissues, Standard deviation, Standard labiopalatal plane, Standard mesiodistal plane, Standard planes, Straight emergence, Strategic extraction, Subgingival, Taiwan professor, Tooth location, University hospital, Wiley periodicals.
- Teeft :
- Anterior teeth, Bers, Cementoenamel junction, Central incisor, Central incisors, Cervical, Clinical considerations, Connective tissue, Contour, Crown contour, Dent, Dentistry, Distal view, Emergence, Emergence angle, Emergence angles, Endodontic failure, Esthetic, Free gingiva, Gingiva, Gingival, Gingival contour, Gingival contours, Gingival health, Healthy gingiva, Ideal emergence, Implant, Implant placement, Implant restoration, Incisor, Kaohsiung, Labial, Labial view, Lateral, Lateral emergence, Lateral incisors, Long axis, Marginal gingiva, Marginal gingival, Master cast, Maxillary, Mesial, Narrow range, Natural maxillary, Natural tooth, Natural tooth contour, Palatal, Periodontal, Periodontal failure, Periodontal probe, Photographic observations, Polygonal mesh model, Proper emergence, Prosthet, Prosthet dent, Provisional restorations, Restorative dentistry, Root apical, Root surface, Soft tissue, Soft tissues, Standard deviation, Standard labiopalatal plane, Standard mesiodistal plane, Standard planes, Straight emergence, Strategic extraction, Subgingival, Taiwan professor, Tooth location, University hospital, Wiley periodicals.
Abstract
Statement of the Problem: Fabrication of normal crown contour to maintain gingival health is difficult in the absence of emergence angle data. Purpose: The aim of this study was to measure the geometric values of the emergence angles on the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) for natural maxillary anterior teeth. Material and Methods: This study collected 148 natural permanent maxillary anterior teeth (74 central incisors, 59 lateral incisors, and 15 canines) with intact cervixes for this study. The teeth were scanned with a three‐dimensional (3D) scanner to construct 3D models. This study measured the emergence angles of the cervical CEJ on the zenith of labial, palatal, mesial, and distal, for each tooth. Results: Measurements made on 148 maxillary anterior teeth showed the emergence angle to be within a narrow range from 11.30° to 15.26°, irrespective of the tooth location. There were no statistically significant differences between any two groups (p > 0.05). Conclusions: On the basis of measurements taken from natural teeth, we conclude that the emergence angles of the CEJ in natural maxillary anterior teeth should be 15° from the root surface.
Url:
DOI: 10.1111/j.1708-8240.2011.00471.x
Links to Exploration step
ISTEX:EC8C32F428595AF5D8E68872D3D9616F6F6CF8C9Le document en format XML
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Taiwan</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wu, Ju Ui" sort="Wu, Ju Ui" uniqKey="Wu J" first="Ju-Hui" last="Wu">Ju-Hui Wu</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Director, Division of Prosthodontics, Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, Huey R" sort="Lee, Huey R" uniqKey="Lee H" first="Huey-Er" last="Lee">Huey-Er Lee</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Professor, School of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University; Chairman, Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Chau Siang" sort="Wang, Chau Siang" uniqKey="Wang C" first="Chau-Hsiang" last="Wang">Chau-Hsiang Wang</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Professor, School of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University; Director, Division of Prosthodontics, Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical 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R" uniqKey="Lee H" first="Huey-Er" last="Lee">Huey-Er Lee</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Professor, School of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University; Chairman, Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Chau Siang" sort="Wang, Chau Siang" uniqKey="Wang C" first="Chau-Hsiang" last="Wang">Chau-Hsiang Wang</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Professor, School of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University; Director, Division of Prosthodontics, Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: dujekang@ms31.hinet.net</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j" type="main">Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry</title><title level="j" type="alt">JOURNAL OF ESTHETIC RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY</title><idno type="ISSN">1496-4155</idno><idno type="eISSN">1708-8240</idno><imprint><biblScope unit="vol">23</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">6</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="362">362</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="369">369</biblScope><biblScope unit="page-count">8</biblScope><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Inc</publisher><pubPlace>Malden, USA</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2011-12">2011-12</date></imprint><idno type="ISSN">1496-4155</idno></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">1496-4155</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Anterior teeth</term><term>Bers</term><term>Cementoenamel junction</term><term>Central incisor</term><term>Central incisors</term><term>Cervical</term><term>Clinical considerations</term><term>Connective tissue</term><term>Contour</term><term>Crown contour</term><term>Dent</term><term>Dentistry</term><term>Distal view</term><term>Emergence</term><term>Emergence angle</term><term>Emergence angles</term><term>Endodontic failure</term><term>Esthetic</term><term>Free gingiva</term><term>Gingiva</term><term>Gingival</term><term>Gingival contour</term><term>Gingival contours</term><term>Gingival health</term><term>Healthy gingiva</term><term>Ideal emergence</term><term>Implant</term><term>Implant placement</term><term>Implant restoration</term><term>Incisor</term><term>Kaohsiung</term><term>Labial</term><term>Labial view</term><term>Lateral</term><term>Lateral emergence</term><term>Lateral incisors</term><term>Long axis</term><term>Marginal gingiva</term><term>Marginal gingival</term><term>Master cast</term><term>Maxillary</term><term>Mesial</term><term>Narrow range</term><term>Natural maxillary</term><term>Natural tooth</term><term>Natural tooth contour</term><term>Palatal</term><term>Periodontal</term><term>Periodontal failure</term><term>Periodontal probe</term><term>Photographic observations</term><term>Polygonal mesh model</term><term>Proper emergence</term><term>Prosthet</term><term>Prosthet dent</term><term>Provisional restorations</term><term>Restorative dentistry</term><term>Root apical</term><term>Root surface</term><term>Soft tissue</term><term>Soft tissues</term><term>Standard deviation</term><term>Standard labiopalatal plane</term><term>Standard mesiodistal plane</term><term>Standard planes</term><term>Straight emergence</term><term>Strategic extraction</term><term>Subgingival</term><term>Taiwan professor</term><term>Tooth location</term><term>University hospital</term><term>Wiley periodicals</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Teeft" xml:lang="en"><term>Anterior teeth</term><term>Bers</term><term>Cementoenamel junction</term><term>Central incisor</term><term>Central incisors</term><term>Cervical</term><term>Clinical considerations</term><term>Connective tissue</term><term>Contour</term><term>Crown contour</term><term>Dent</term><term>Dentistry</term><term>Distal view</term><term>Emergence</term><term>Emergence angle</term><term>Emergence angles</term><term>Endodontic failure</term><term>Esthetic</term><term>Free gingiva</term><term>Gingiva</term><term>Gingival</term><term>Gingival contour</term><term>Gingival contours</term><term>Gingival health</term><term>Healthy gingiva</term><term>Ideal emergence</term><term>Implant</term><term>Implant placement</term><term>Implant restoration</term><term>Incisor</term><term>Kaohsiung</term><term>Labial</term><term>Labial view</term><term>Lateral</term><term>Lateral emergence</term><term>Lateral incisors</term><term>Long axis</term><term>Marginal gingiva</term><term>Marginal gingival</term><term>Master cast</term><term>Maxillary</term><term>Mesial</term><term>Narrow range</term><term>Natural maxillary</term><term>Natural tooth</term><term>Natural tooth contour</term><term>Palatal</term><term>Periodontal</term><term>Periodontal failure</term><term>Periodontal probe</term><term>Photographic observations</term><term>Polygonal mesh model</term><term>Proper emergence</term><term>Prosthet</term><term>Prosthet dent</term><term>Provisional restorations</term><term>Restorative dentistry</term><term>Root apical</term><term>Root surface</term><term>Soft tissue</term><term>Soft tissues</term><term>Standard deviation</term><term>Standard labiopalatal plane</term><term>Standard mesiodistal plane</term><term>Standard planes</term><term>Straight emergence</term><term>Strategic extraction</term><term>Subgingival</term><term>Taiwan professor</term><term>Tooth location</term><term>University hospital</term><term>Wiley periodicals</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract">Statement of the Problem: Fabrication of normal crown contour to maintain gingival health is difficult in the absence of emergence angle data. Purpose: The aim of this study was to measure the geometric values of the emergence angles on the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) for natural maxillary anterior teeth. Material and Methods: This study collected 148 natural permanent maxillary anterior teeth (74 central incisors, 59 lateral incisors, and 15 canines) with intact cervixes for this study. The teeth were scanned with a three‐dimensional (3D) scanner to construct 3D models. This study measured the emergence angles of the cervical CEJ on the zenith of labial, palatal, mesial, and distal, for each tooth. Results: Measurements made on 148 maxillary anterior teeth showed the emergence angle to be within a narrow range from 11.30° to 15.26°, irrespective of the tooth location. There were no statistically significant differences between any two groups (p > 0.05). Conclusions: On the basis of measurements taken from natural teeth, we conclude that the emergence angles of the CEJ in natural maxillary anterior teeth should be 15° from the root surface.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>wiley</corpusName><keywords><teeft><json:string>gingival</json:string><json:string>maxillary</json:string><json:string>kaohsiung</json:string><json:string>emergence angles</json:string><json:string>prosthet</json:string><json:string>labial</json:string><json:string>incisor</json:string><json:string>cervical</json:string><json:string>palatal</json:string><json:string>gingiva</json:string><json:string>mesial</json:string><json:string>long axis</json:string><json:string>implant</json:string><json:string>wiley periodicals</json:string><json:string>periodontal</json:string><json:string>prosthet dent</json:string><json:string>emergence</json:string><json:string>bers</json:string><json:string>subgingival</json:string><json:string>restorative dentistry</json:string><json:string>dentistry</json:string><json:string>natural maxillary</json:string><json:string>cementoenamel junction</json:string><json:string>dent</json:string><json:string>gingival health</json:string><json:string>root surface</json:string><json:string>university hospital</json:string><json:string>crown contour</json:string><json:string>natural tooth</json:string><json:string>central incisors</json:string><json:string>anterior teeth</json:string><json:string>narrow range</json:string><json:string>lateral</json:string><json:string>natural tooth contour</json:string><json:string>proper emergence</json:string><json:string>standard labiopalatal plane</json:string><json:string>lateral incisors</json:string><json:string>labial view</json:string><json:string>emergence angle</json:string><json:string>healthy gingiva</json:string><json:string>standard deviation</json:string><json:string>contour</json:string><json:string>esthetic</json:string><json:string>marginal gingiva</json:string><json:string>tooth location</json:string><json:string>root apical</json:string><json:string>standard mesiodistal plane</json:string><json:string>distal view</json:string><json:string>standard planes</json:string><json:string>lateral emergence</json:string><json:string>endodontic failure</json:string><json:string>periodontal failure</json:string><json:string>straight emergence</json:string><json:string>photographic observations</json:string><json:string>connective tissue</json:string><json:string>taiwan professor</json:string><json:string>central incisor</json:string><json:string>free gingiva</json:string><json:string>soft tissue</json:string><json:string>implant restoration</json:string><json:string>implant placement</json:string><json:string>ideal emergence</json:string><json:string>gingival contours</json:string><json:string>gingival contour</json:string><json:string>provisional restorations</json:string><json:string>marginal gingival</json:string><json:string>periodontal probe</json:string><json:string>strategic extraction</json:string><json:string>polygonal mesh model</json:string><json:string>soft tissues</json:string><json:string>clinical considerations</json:string><json:string>master cast</json:string></teeft></keywords><author><json:item><name>JE‐KANG DU DDS, MDS</name><affiliations><json:string>Director, Division of Prosthodontics, Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan</json:string><json:string>Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>HUNG‐YUAN LI BSC, MS, PhD</name><affiliations><json:string>Associate Professor, Department of Mold and Die Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Applied Sciences, Kaohsiung, Taiwan</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>JU‐HUI WU DDS, MDS</name><affiliations><json:string>Director, Division of Prosthodontics, Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>HUEY‐ER LEE DDS, MDS, PhD, FICD</name><affiliations><json:string>Professor, School of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University; Chairman, Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>CHAU‐HSIANG WANG DDS, MDS, PhD, FICD</name><affiliations><json:string>Professor, School of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University; Director, Division of Prosthodontics, Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan</json:string><json:string>E-mail: dujekang@ms31.hinet.net</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><articleId><json:string>JERD471</json:string></articleId><arkIstex>ark:/67375/WNG-WNDX5R1N-Z</arkIstex><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>Statement of the Problem: Fabrication of normal crown contour to maintain gingival health is difficult in the absence of emergence angle data. Purpose: The aim of this study was to measure the geometric values of the emergence angles on the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) for natural maxillary anterior teeth. Material and Methods: This study collected 148 natural permanent maxillary anterior teeth (74 central incisors, 59 lateral incisors, and 15 canines) with intact cervixes for this study. The teeth were scanned with a three‐dimensional (3D) scanner to construct 3D models. This study measured the emergence angles of the cervical CEJ on the zenith of labial, palatal, mesial, and distal, for each tooth. Results: Measurements made on 148 maxillary anterior teeth showed the emergence angle to be within a narrow range from 11.30° to 15.26°, irrespective of the tooth location. There were no statistically significant differences between any two groups (p > 0.05). Conclusions: On the basis of measurements taken from natural teeth, we conclude that the emergence angles of the CEJ in natural maxillary anterior teeth should be 15° from the root surface.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>7.591</score><pdfWordCount>3443</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>22262</pdfCharCount><pdfVersion>1.3</pdfVersion><pdfPageCount>8</pdfPageCount><pdfPageSize>585.069 x 782.928 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><abstractWordCount>179</abstractWordCount><abstractCharCount>1164</abstractCharCount><keywordCount>0</keywordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Emergence Angles of the Cementoenamel Junction in Natural Maxillary Anterior Teeth</title><pmid><json:string>22142293</json:string></pmid><genre><json:string>article</json:string></genre><host><title>Journal of Esthetic and Restorative 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Division of Prosthodontics, Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan</affiliation><affiliation>Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0001"><persName><forename type="first">HUNG‐YUAN</forename><surname>LI</surname><roleName type="degree">BSC, MS, PhD</roleName></persName><affiliation>Associate Professor, Department of Mold and Die Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Applied Sciences, Kaohsiung, Taiwan</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0002"><persName><forename type="first">JU‐HUI</forename><surname>WU</surname><roleName type="degree">DDS, MDS</roleName></persName><affiliation>Director, Division of Prosthodontics, Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0003"><persName><forename type="first">HUEY‐ER</forename><surname>LEE</surname><roleName type="degree">DDS, MDS, PhD, FICD</roleName></persName><affiliation>Professor, School of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University; Chairman, Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0004" role="corresp"><persName><forename type="first">CHAU‐HSIANG</forename><surname>WANG</surname><roleName type="degree">DDS, MDS, PhD, FICD</roleName></persName><affiliation>Professor, School of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University; Director, Division of Prosthodontics, Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan</affiliation><affiliation>Chau‐Hsiang Wang, DDS, MDS, PhD, FICD, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100, Shih‐Chen 1st Road, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; Tel.: +886‐7‐312‐1101 ext 7003; Fax: +886‐7‐322‐1510; email: dujekang@ms31.hinet.net</affiliation></author><idno 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ABSTRACT
<p><hi rend="bold">Statement of the Problem: </hi> Fabrication of normal crown contour to maintain gingival health is difficult in the absence of emergence angle data.</p><p><hi rend="bold">Purpose: </hi> The aim of this study was to measure the geometric values of the emergence angles on the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) for natural maxillary anterior teeth.</p><p><hi rend="bold">Material and Methods: </hi> This study collected 148 natural permanent maxillary anterior teeth (74 central incisors, 59 lateral incisors, and 15 canines) with intact cervixes for this study. The teeth were scanned with a three‐dimensional (3D) scanner to construct 3D models. This study measured the emergence angles of the cervical CEJ on the zenith of labial, palatal, mesial, and distal, for each tooth.</p><p><hi rend="bold">Results: </hi> Measurements made on 148 maxillary anterior teeth showed the emergence angle to be within a narrow range from 11.30° to 15.26°, irrespective of the tooth location. There were no statistically significant differences between any two groups (<hi rend="italic">p</hi> > 0.05).</p><p><hi rend="bold">Conclusions: </hi> On the basis of measurements taken from natural teeth, we conclude that the emergence angles of the CEJ in natural maxillary anterior teeth should be 15° from the root surface.</p>
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
<p>The information presented in this article may be useful in helping to create dental restorations with optional emergence angles over the CEJ in natural maxillary anterior teeth. Prior to the treatment the dentist should consider not only the fit of the crown, but also the emergence angles and contours of the soft tissues surrounding the involved teeth.</p><p>(J Esthet Restor Dent 23:362–370, 2011)</p></abstract><textClass><keywords rend="tocHeading1"><term>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en"></language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/EC8C32F428595AF5D8E68872D3D9616F6F6CF8C9/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Wiley, elements deleted: body"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:document><component version="2.0" type="serialArticle" xml:lang="en"><header><publicationMeta level="product"><publisherInfo><publisherName>Blackwell Publishing Inc</publisherName><publisherLoc>Malden, USA</publisherLoc></publisherInfo><doi origin="wiley" registered="yes">10.1111/(ISSN)1708-8240</doi><issn type="print">1496-4155</issn><issn type="electronic">1708-8240</issn><idGroup><id type="product" value="JERD"></id><id type="publisherDivision" value="ST"></id></idGroup><titleGroup><title type="main" sort="JOURNAL OF ESTHETIC RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY">Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry</title></titleGroup></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="part" position="12106"><doi origin="wiley">10.1111/jerd.2011.23.issue-6</doi><numberingGroup><numbering type="journalVolume" number="23">23</numbering><numbering type="journalIssue" number="6">6</numbering></numberingGroup><coverDate startDate="2011-12">December 2011</coverDate></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="unit" type="article" position="4" status="forIssue"><doi origin="wiley">10.1111/j.1708-8240.2011.00471.x</doi><idGroup><id type="unit" value="JERD471"></id></idGroup><countGroup><count type="pageTotal" number="8"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="tocHeading1">ORIGINAL ARTICLES</title></titleGroup><copyright>© 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.</copyright><eventGroup><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:BPG_TO_WML3G version:3.0.1 mode:FullText" date="2011-12-05"></event><event type="publishedOnlineEarlyUnpaginated" date="2011-09-20"></event><event type="firstOnline" date="2011-09-20"></event><event type="publishedOnlineFinalForm" date="2011-12-05"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WILEY_ML3G_TO_WILEY_ML3GV2 version:3.8.8" date="2014-01-30"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WML3G_To_WML3G version:4.1.7 mode:FullText,remove_FC" date="2014-10-30"></event></eventGroup><numberingGroup><numbering type="pageFirst" number="362">362</numbering><numbering type="pageLast" number="369">369</numbering></numberingGroup><correspondenceTo>Chau‐Hsiang Wang, DDS, MDS, PhD, FICD, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100, Shih‐Chen 1st Road, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; Tel.: +886‐7‐312‐1101 ext 7003; Fax: +886‐7‐322‐1510; email: <email>dujekang@ms31.hinet.net</email></correspondenceTo><linkGroup><link type="toTypesetVersion" href="file:JERD.JERD471.pdf"></link></linkGroup></publicationMeta><contentMeta><countGroup><count type="figureTotal" number="5"></count><count type="tableTotal" number="1"></count><count type="formulaTotal" number="0"></count><count type="referenceTotal" number="33"></count><count type="wordTotal" number="3965"></count><count type="linksPubMed" number="0"></count><count type="linksCrossRef" number="0"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="main">Emergence Angles of the Cementoenamel Junction in Natural Maxillary Anterior Teeth</title><title type="shortAuthors">Du <i>et al</i></title><title type="short">EMERGENCE ANGLES</title></titleGroup><creators><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr1" affiliationRef="#a1 #a2"><personName><givenNames>JE‐KANG</givenNames><familyName>DU</familyName><degrees>DDS, MDS</degrees></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr2" affiliationRef="#a3"><personName><givenNames>HUNG‐YUAN</givenNames><familyName>LI</familyName><degrees>BSC, MS, PhD</degrees></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr3" affiliationRef="#a1"><personName><givenNames>JU‐HUI</givenNames><familyName>WU</familyName><degrees>DDS, MDS</degrees></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr4" affiliationRef="#a4"><personName><givenNames>HUEY‐ER</givenNames><familyName>LEE</familyName><degrees>DDS, MDS, PhD, FICD</degrees></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr5" affiliationRef="#a5" corresponding="yes"><personName><givenNames>CHAU‐HSIANG</givenNames><familyName>WANG</familyName><degrees>DDS, MDS, PhD, FICD</degrees></personName></creator></creators><affiliationGroup><affiliation xml:id="a1"><unparsedAffiliation>Director, Division of Prosthodontics, Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="a2"><unparsedAffiliation>Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="a3"><unparsedAffiliation>Associate Professor, Department of Mold and Die Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Applied Sciences, Kaohsiung, Taiwan</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="a4"><unparsedAffiliation>Professor, School of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University; Chairman, Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="a5"><unparsedAffiliation>Professor, School of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University; Director, Division of Prosthodontics, Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation></affiliationGroup><abstractGroup><abstract type="main" xml:lang="en"><section xml:id="abs1-1"><title type="main">ABSTRACT</title><p><b>Statement of the Problem: </b> Fabrication of normal crown contour to maintain gingival health is difficult in the absence of emergence angle data.</p><p><b>Purpose: </b> The aim of this study was to measure the geometric values of the emergence angles on the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) for natural maxillary anterior teeth.</p><p><b>Material and Methods: </b> This study collected 148 natural permanent maxillary anterior teeth (74 central incisors, 59 lateral incisors, and 15 canines) with intact cervixes for this study. The teeth were scanned with a three‐dimensional (3D) scanner to construct 3D models. This study measured the emergence angles of the cervical CEJ on the zenith of labial, palatal, mesial, and distal, for each tooth.</p><p><b>Results: </b> Measurements made on 148 maxillary anterior teeth showed the emergence angle to be within a narrow range from 11.30° to 15.26°, irrespective of the tooth location. There were no statistically significant differences between any two groups (<i>p</i> > 0.05).</p><p><b>Conclusions: </b> On the basis of measurements taken from natural teeth, we conclude that the emergence angles of the CEJ in natural maxillary anterior teeth should be 15° from the root surface.</p></section><section xml:id="abs1-2"><title type="main">CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE</title><p>The information presented in this article may be useful in helping to create dental restorations with optional emergence angles over the CEJ in natural maxillary anterior teeth. Prior to the treatment the dentist should consider not only the fit of the crown, but also the emergence angles and contours of the soft tissues surrounding the involved teeth.</p><p>(J Esthet Restor Dent 23:362–370, 2011)</p></section></abstract></abstractGroup></contentMeta><noteGroup><note xml:id="fn1"><p>This article is accompanied by commentary, Emergence Angles of the Cementoenamel Junction in Natural Maxillary Anterior Teeth, John C. Kois, DMD, MSD, DOI 10.1111/j.1708‐8240.2011.00472.x</p></note></noteGroup></header></component></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Emergence Angles of the Cementoenamel Junction in Natural Maxillary Anterior Teeth</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated" lang="en"><title>EMERGENCE ANGLES</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>Emergence Angles of the Cementoenamel Junction in Natural Maxillary Anterior Teeth</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">JE‐KANG</namePart><namePart type="family">DU</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">DDS, MDS</namePart><affiliation>Director, Division of Prosthodontics, Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan</affiliation><affiliation>Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">HUNG‐YUAN</namePart><namePart type="family">LI</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">BSC, MS, PhD</namePart><affiliation>Associate Professor, Department of Mold and Die Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Applied Sciences, Kaohsiung, Taiwan</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">JU‐HUI</namePart><namePart type="family">WU</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">DDS, MDS</namePart><affiliation>Director, Division of Prosthodontics, Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">HUEY‐ER</namePart><namePart type="family">LEE</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">DDS, MDS, PhD, FICD</namePart><affiliation>Professor, School of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University; Chairman, Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">CHAU‐HSIANG</namePart><namePart type="family">WANG</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">DDS, MDS, PhD, FICD</namePart><affiliation>Professor, School of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University; Director, Division of Prosthodontics, Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan</affiliation><affiliation>E-mail: dujekang@ms31.hinet.net</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="article" displayLabel="article" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XTP-6N5SZHKN-D">article</genre><originInfo><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Inc</publisher><place><placeTerm type="text">Malden, USA</placeTerm></place><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2011-12</dateIssued><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2011</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><extent unit="figures">5</extent><extent unit="tables">1</extent><extent unit="formulas">0</extent><extent unit="references">33</extent><extent unit="linksCrossRef">0</extent><extent unit="words">3965</extent></physicalDescription><abstract>Statement of the Problem: Fabrication of normal crown contour to maintain gingival health is difficult in the absence of emergence angle data. Purpose: The aim of this study was to measure the geometric values of the emergence angles on the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) for natural maxillary anterior teeth. Material and Methods: This study collected 148 natural permanent maxillary anterior teeth (74 central incisors, 59 lateral incisors, and 15 canines) with intact cervixes for this study. The teeth were scanned with a three‐dimensional (3D) scanner to construct 3D models. This study measured the emergence angles of the cervical CEJ on the zenith of labial, palatal, mesial, and distal, for each tooth. Results: Measurements made on 148 maxillary anterior teeth showed the emergence angle to be within a narrow range from 11.30° to 15.26°, irrespective of the tooth location. There were no statistically significant differences between any two groups (p > 0.05). Conclusions: On the basis of measurements taken from natural teeth, we conclude that the emergence angles of the CEJ in natural maxillary anterior teeth should be 15° from the root surface.</abstract><abstract>The information presented in this article may be useful in helping to create dental restorations with optional emergence angles over the CEJ in natural maxillary anterior teeth. Prior to the treatment the dentist should consider not only the fit of the crown, but also the emergence angles and contours of the soft tissues surrounding the involved teeth. 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