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Adaptive radiation in miniature: the minute salamanders of the Mexican highlands (Amphibia: Plethodontidae: Thorius)

Identifieur interne : 004491 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 004490; suivant : 004492

Adaptive radiation in miniature: the minute salamanders of the Mexican highlands (Amphibia: Plethodontidae: Thorius)

Auteurs : Sean M. Rovito ; Gabriela Parra-Olea ; James Hanken ; Ronald M. Bonett ; David B. Wake

Source :

RBID : ISTEX:8A6EFCEF4CA0F5C795962F39F6F85431FF20066D

English descriptors

Abstract

The small size and apparent external morphological similarity of the minute salamanders of the genus Thorius have long hindered evolutionary studies of the group. We estimate gene and species trees within the genus using mitochondrial and nuclear DNA from nearly all named and many candidate species and find three main clades. We use this phylogenetic hypothesis to examine patterns of morphological evolution and species coexistence across central and southern Mexico and to test alternative hypotheses of lineage divergence with and without ecomorphological divergence. Sympatric species differ in body size more than expected after accounting for phylogenetic relationship, and morphological traits show no significant phylogenetic signal. Sympatric species tend to differ in a combination of body size, presence or absence of maxillary teeth, and relative limb or tail length, even when they are close relatives. Sister species of Thorius tend to occupy climatically similar environments, which suggests that divergence across climatic gradients does not drive species formation in the genus. Rather than being an example of cryptic species formation, Thorius more closely resembles an adaptive radiation, with ecomorphological divergence that is bounded by organism‐level constraints. © 2013 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2013, 109, 622–643.

Url:
DOI: 10.1111/bij.12083

Links to Exploration step

ISTEX:8A6EFCEF4CA0F5C795962F39F6F85431FF20066D

Le document en format XML

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<term>Aire</term>
<term>Allopatric species</term>
<term>Allozyme</term>
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<term>Arboreus</term>
<term>Aureus</term>
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<term>Core development team</term>
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<term>Dubitus</term>
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<term>Elevational gradients</term>
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<term>Linnean society</term>
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<term>Omiltemi</term>
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<term>Pennatulus</term>
<term>Phylogenetic</term>
<term>Phylogenetic analyses</term>
<term>Phylogenetic analysis</term>
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<term>Dubitus</term>
<term>Ebuap</term>
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<term>Ecomorphological divergence</term>
<term>Elevational</term>
<term>Elevational gradients</term>
<term>Evolutionary biology</term>
<term>External morphology</term>
<term>Felipe</term>
<term>Felipe oaxaca</term>
<term>Genbank</term>
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<term>Genus thorius</term>
<term>Grandis</term>
<term>Grandis mzfc</term>
<term>Guerrero</term>
<term>Hanken</term>
<term>Hanken wake</term>
<term>Huautla ebuap</term>
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<term>Kozak wiens</term>
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<term>Lineage</term>
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<term>Linnean society</term>
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<term>Macdougalli</term>
<term>Magnipes</term>
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<term>Many species</term>
<term>Maxillabrochus</term>
<term>Maxillary</term>
<term>Maxillary teeth</term>
<term>Miniaturization</term>
<term>Minute salamanders</term>
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<term>Minydemus</term>
<term>Mitochondrial</term>
<term>Molecular biology</term>
<term>Molecular data</term>
<term>Molecular phylogenetics</term>
<term>Morphological</term>
<term>Morphological characters</term>
<term>Morphological differences</term>
<term>Morphological evolution</term>
<term>Morphology</term>
<term>Mtdna</term>
<term>Multilocus data</term>
<term>Narisovalis</term>
<term>National academy</term>
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<term>Omiltemi</term>
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<term>Phylogenetic analyses</term>
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<term>Rag1</term>
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<term>Several candidate species</term>
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<term>Sister taxa</term>
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<term>Smithi</term>
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<term>Species</term>
<term>Species divergence</term>
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<front>
<div type="abstract">The small size and apparent external morphological similarity of the minute salamanders of the genus Thorius have long hindered evolutionary studies of the group. We estimate gene and species trees within the genus using mitochondrial and nuclear DNA from nearly all named and many candidate species and find three main clades. We use this phylogenetic hypothesis to examine patterns of morphological evolution and species coexistence across central and southern Mexico and to test alternative hypotheses of lineage divergence with and without ecomorphological divergence. Sympatric species differ in body size more than expected after accounting for phylogenetic relationship, and morphological traits show no significant phylogenetic signal. Sympatric species tend to differ in a combination of body size, presence or absence of maxillary teeth, and relative limb or tail length, even when they are close relatives. Sister species of Thorius tend to occupy climatically similar environments, which suggests that divergence across climatic gradients does not drive species formation in the genus. Rather than being an example of cryptic species formation, Thorius more closely resembles an adaptive radiation, with ecomorphological divergence that is bounded by organism‐level constraints. © 2013 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2013, 109, 622–643.</div>
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<abstract>The small size and apparent external morphological similarity of the minute salamanders of the genus Thorius have long hindered evolutionary studies of the group. We estimate gene and species trees within the genus using mitochondrial and nuclear DNA from nearly all named and many candidate species and find three main clades. We use this phylogenetic hypothesis to examine patterns of morphological evolution and species coexistence across central and southern Mexico and to test alternative hypotheses of lineage divergence with and without ecomorphological divergence. Sympatric species differ in body size more than expected after accounting for phylogenetic relationship, and morphological traits show no significant phylogenetic signal. Sympatric species tend to differ in a combination of body size, presence or absence of maxillary teeth, and relative limb or tail length, even when they are close relatives. Sister species of Thorius tend to occupy climatically similar environments, which suggests that divergence across climatic gradients does not drive species formation in the genus. Rather than being an example of cryptic species formation, Thorius more closely resembles an adaptive radiation, with ecomorphological divergence that is bounded by organism‐level constraints. © 2013 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2013, 109, 622–643.</abstract>
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<title>Adaptive radiation in miniature: the minute salamanders of the Mexican highlands (Amphibia: Plethodontidae: Thorius)</title>
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horius</i>
Phylogeny</title>
<title type="shortAuthors">S.
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.
<fc>R</fc>
ovito
<i>et al</i>
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<title type="main">Adaptive radiation in miniature: the minute salamanders of the
<fc>M</fc>
exican highlands (
<fc>A</fc>
mphibia:
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lethodontidae:
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<b>Figure S1.</b>
Mitochondrial phylogeny of
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GTR distances for 16S between species of
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GTR distances for cyt
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GTR distances for ND4 between species of
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GTR distances for RAG1 between species of
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innean
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<abstract>The small size and apparent external morphological similarity of the minute salamanders of the genus Thorius have long hindered evolutionary studies of the group. We estimate gene and species trees within the genus using mitochondrial and nuclear DNA from nearly all named and many candidate species and find three main clades. We use this phylogenetic hypothesis to examine patterns of morphological evolution and species coexistence across central and southern Mexico and to test alternative hypotheses of lineage divergence with and without ecomorphological divergence. Sympatric species differ in body size more than expected after accounting for phylogenetic relationship, and morphological traits show no significant phylogenetic signal. Sympatric species tend to differ in a combination of body size, presence or absence of maxillary teeth, and relative limb or tail length, even when they are close relatives. Sister species of Thorius tend to occupy climatically similar environments, which suggests that divergence across climatic gradients does not drive species formation in the genus. Rather than being an example of cryptic species formation, Thorius more closely resembles an adaptive radiation, with ecomorphological divergence that is bounded by organism‐level constraints. © 2013 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2013, 109, 622–643.</abstract>
<note type="additional physical form">Figure S1. Mitochondrial phylogeny of Thorius showing only those clades with bootstrap support values > 70 and posterior probabilities > 0.95.Table S1. Mean values for morphological measurements used in comparative analyses for named species of Thorius.Table S2. GTR distances for 16S between species of Thorius used in phylogenetic analyses.Table S3. GTR distances for cyt b between species of Thorius used in phylogenetic analyses.Table S4. GTR distances for ND4 between species of Thorius used in phylogenetic analyses.Table S5. GTR distances for RAG1 between species of Thorius used in phylogenetic analyses.</note>
<note type="funding">PAPIIT‐UNAM - No. IN212111; </note>
<note type="funding">U.S. National Science Foundation - No. EF‐0334846; No. EF‐0334939; No. DEB‐0613802; </note>
<note type="funding">Council on Research and Creative Work, University of Colorado at Boulder</note>
<note type="funding">Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, the Center for Latin American Studies, and Sigma Xi (Alpha chapter), University of California at Berkeley</note>
<note type="funding">Putnam Expeditionary Fund of the Museum of Comparative Zoology and the David Rockefeller Center for Latin American Studies, Harvard University</note>
<note type="funding">a UC‐MEXUS CONACyT postdoctoral fellowship</note>
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