The Comprehensive AOCMF Classification System: Midface Fractures - Level 3 Tutorial.
Identifieur interne : 000B79 ( PubMed/Curation ); précédent : 000B78; suivant : 000B80The Comprehensive AOCMF Classification System: Midface Fractures - Level 3 Tutorial.
Auteurs : Carl-Peter Cornelius [Allemagne] ; Laurent Audigé [Suisse] ; Christoph Kunz [Suisse] ; Carlos H. Buitrago-Téllez [Suisse] ; Randal Rudderman [Géorgie (pays)] ; Joachim Prein [Suisse]Source :
- Craniomaxillofacial trauma & reconstruction [ 1943-3875 ] ; 2014.
Abstract
This tutorial outlines the details of the AOCMF image-based classification system for fractures of the midface at the precision level 3. The topography of the different midface regions (central midface-upper central midface, intermediate central midface, lower central midface-incorporating the naso-orbito-ethmoid region; lateral midface-zygoma and zygomatic arch, palate) is subdivided in much greater detail than in level 2 going beyond the Le Fort fracture types and its analogs. The level 3 midface classification system is presented along with guidelines to precisely delineate the fracture patterns in these specific subregions. It is easy to plot common fracture entities, such as nasal and naso-orbito-ethmoid, and their variants due to the refined structural layout of the subregions. As a key attribute, this focused approach permits to document the occurrence of fragmentation (i.e., single vs. multiple fracture lines), displacement, and bone loss. Moreover, the preinjury dental state and the degree of alveolar atrophy in edentulous maxillary regions can be recorded. On the basis of these individual features, tooth injuries, periodontal trauma, and fracture involvement of the alveolar process can be assessed. Coding rules are given to set up a distinctive formula for typical midface fractures and their combinations. The instructions and illustrations are elucidated by a series of radiographic imaging examples. A critical appraisal of the design of this level 3 midface classification is made.
DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1389561
PubMed: 25489392
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Buitrago-Téllez</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Imaging Center Aarau, Institute of Radiology Zofingen Hospital, Zofingen, Switzerland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>Imaging Center Aarau, Institute of Radiology Zofingen Hospital, Zofingen</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rudderman, Randal" sort="Rudderman, Randal" uniqKey="Rudderman R" first="Randal" last="Rudderman">Randal Rudderman</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Plastic, Reconstruction & Maxillofacial Surgery, Alpharetta, Georgia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Géorgie (pays)</country><wicri:regionArea>Plastic, Reconstruction & Maxillofacial Surgery, Alpharetta</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Prein, Joachim" sort="Prein, Joachim" uniqKey="Prein J" first="Joachim" last="Prein">Joachim Prein</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Clinic for Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>Clinic for Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Craniomaxillofacial trauma & reconstruction</title><idno type="ISSN">1943-3875</idno><imprint><date when="2014" type="published">2014</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">This tutorial outlines the details of the AOCMF image-based classification system for fractures of the midface at the precision level 3. The topography of the different midface regions (central midface-upper central midface, intermediate central midface, lower central midface-incorporating the naso-orbito-ethmoid region; lateral midface-zygoma and zygomatic arch, palate) is subdivided in much greater detail than in level 2 going beyond the Le Fort fracture types and its analogs. The level 3 midface classification system is presented along with guidelines to precisely delineate the fracture patterns in these specific subregions. It is easy to plot common fracture entities, such as nasal and naso-orbito-ethmoid, and their variants due to the refined structural layout of the subregions. As a key attribute, this focused approach permits to document the occurrence of fragmentation (i.e., single vs. multiple fracture lines), displacement, and bone loss. Moreover, the preinjury dental state and the degree of alveolar atrophy in edentulous maxillary regions can be recorded. On the basis of these individual features, tooth injuries, periodontal trauma, and fracture involvement of the alveolar process can be assessed. Coding rules are given to set up a distinctive formula for typical midface fractures and their combinations. The instructions and illustrations are elucidated by a series of radiographic imaging examples. A critical appraisal of the design of this level 3 midface classification is made.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="PubMed-not-MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">25489392</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2014</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>09</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2017</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>20</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Print">1943-3875</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Print"><Volume>7</Volume><Issue>Suppl 1</Issue><PubDate><Year>2014</Year><Month>Dec</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Craniomaxillofacial trauma & reconstruction</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Craniomaxillofac Trauma Reconstr</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>The Comprehensive AOCMF Classification System: Midface Fractures - Level 3 Tutorial.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>S068-91</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1055/s-0034-1389561</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>This tutorial outlines the details of the AOCMF image-based classification system for fractures of the midface at the precision level 3. The topography of the different midface regions (central midface-upper central midface, intermediate central midface, lower central midface-incorporating the naso-orbito-ethmoid region; lateral midface-zygoma and zygomatic arch, palate) is subdivided in much greater detail than in level 2 going beyond the Le Fort fracture types and its analogs. The level 3 midface classification system is presented along with guidelines to precisely delineate the fracture patterns in these specific subregions. It is easy to plot common fracture entities, such as nasal and naso-orbito-ethmoid, and their variants due to the refined structural layout of the subregions. As a key attribute, this focused approach permits to document the occurrence of fragmentation (i.e., single vs. multiple fracture lines), displacement, and bone loss. Moreover, the preinjury dental state and the degree of alveolar atrophy in edentulous maxillary regions can be recorded. On the basis of these individual features, tooth injuries, periodontal trauma, and fracture involvement of the alveolar process can be assessed. Coding rules are given to set up a distinctive formula for typical midface fractures and their combinations. The instructions and illustrations are elucidated by a series of radiographic imaging examples. A critical appraisal of the design of this level 3 midface classification is made.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Cornelius</LastName><ForeName>Carl-Peter</ForeName><Initials>CP</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ludwig Maximilians Universität München, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Audigé</LastName><ForeName>Laurent</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>AO Clinical Investigation and Documentation, AO Foundation, Dübendorf, Switzerland ; Research and Development Department, Schulthess Clinic, Zürich, Switzerland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kunz</LastName><ForeName>Christoph</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Clinic for Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Buitrago-Téllez</LastName><ForeName>Carlos H</ForeName><Initials>CH</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Imaging Center Aarau, Institute of Radiology Zofingen Hospital, Zofingen, Switzerland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Rudderman</LastName><ForeName>Randal</ForeName><Initials>R</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Plastic, Reconstruction & Maxillofacial Surgery, Alpharetta, Georgia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Prein</LastName><ForeName>Joachim</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Clinic for Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal 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