Structural adaptations to diverse fighting styles in sexually selected weapons
Identifieur interne : 000370 ( Pmc/Corpus ); précédent : 000369; suivant : 000371Structural adaptations to diverse fighting styles in sexually selected weapons
Auteurs : Erin L. Mccullough ; Bret W. Tobalske ; Douglas J. EmlenSource :
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America [ 0027-8424 ] ; 2014.
Abstract
Animal weapons are among nature’s most diverse structures. Intuitively, species have different types of weapons because they fight in different ways, yet no studies have directly tested whether weapons perform better at the animals’ own style of fighting than they do at others. We constructed biomechanical models of the horns of different rhinoceros beetle species to evaluate the functional performance of horns in response to both species-typical and species-atypical fighting loads. We found that horns are both stronger and stiffer in response to species-typical fighting loads, which suggests selection for improved performance under different fighting styles played an important role in the diversification of weapon form.
Url:
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1409585111
PubMed: 25201949
PubMed Central: 4209975
Links to Exploration step
PMC:4209975Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Structural adaptations to diverse fighting styles in sexually selected weapons</title><author><name sortKey="Mccullough, Erin L" sort="Mccullough, Erin L" uniqKey="Mccullough E" first="Erin L." last="Mccullough">Erin L. Mccullough</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tobalske, Bret W" sort="Tobalske, Bret W" uniqKey="Tobalske B" first="Bret W." last="Tobalske">Bret W. Tobalske</name></author><author><name sortKey="Emlen, Douglas J" sort="Emlen, Douglas J" uniqKey="Emlen D" first="Douglas J." last="Emlen">Douglas J. Emlen</name></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">25201949</idno><idno type="pmc">4209975</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4209975</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:4209975</idno><idno type="doi">10.1073/pnas.1409585111</idno><date when="2014">2014</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000370</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000370</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Structural adaptations to diverse fighting styles in sexually selected weapons</title><author><name sortKey="Mccullough, Erin L" sort="Mccullough, Erin L" uniqKey="Mccullough E" first="Erin L." last="Mccullough">Erin L. Mccullough</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tobalske, Bret W" sort="Tobalske, Bret W" uniqKey="Tobalske B" first="Bret W." last="Tobalske">Bret W. Tobalske</name></author><author><name sortKey="Emlen, Douglas J" sort="Emlen, Douglas J" uniqKey="Emlen D" first="Douglas J." last="Emlen">Douglas J. Emlen</name></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</title><idno type="ISSN">0027-8424</idno><idno type="eISSN">1091-6490</idno><imprint><date when="2014">2014</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><title>Significance</title><p>Animal weapons are among nature’s most diverse structures. Intuitively, species have different types of weapons because they fight in different ways, yet no studies have directly tested whether weapons perform better at the animals’ own style of fighting than they do at others. We constructed biomechanical models of the horns of different rhinoceros beetle species to evaluate the functional performance of horns in response to both species-typical and species-atypical fighting loads. We found that horns are both stronger and stiffer in response to species-typical fighting loads, which suggests selection for improved performance under different fighting styles played an important role in the diversification of weapon form.</p></div></front></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="hwp">pnas</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">pnas</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">PNAS</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0027-8424</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1091-6490</issn><publisher><publisher-name>National Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">25201949</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4209975</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">201409585</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1073/pnas.1409585111</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Biological Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Evolution</subject></subj-group></subj-group><series-title>From the Cover</series-title></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Structural adaptations to diverse fighting styles in sexually selected weapons</article-title><alt-title alt-title-type="short">Structural adaptations in beetle horns</alt-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>McCullough</surname><given-names>Erin L.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Tobalske</surname><given-names>Bret W.</given-names></name></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Emlen</surname><given-names>Douglas J.</given-names></name></contrib><aff id="aff1">Division of Biological Sciences,<institution>University of Montana</institution>, Missoula,<addr-line>MT</addr-line> 59812</aff></contrib-group><author-notes><corresp id="cor1"><sup>1</sup>To whom correspondence should be addressed. Email: <email>erin.mccullough@umontana.edu</email>.</corresp><fn fn-type="edited-by"><p>Edited by Sean B. Carroll, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, and approved August 11, 2014 (received for review May 22, 2014)</p></fn><fn fn-type="con"><p>Author contributions: E.L.M., B.W.T., and D.J.E. designed research; E.L.M. performed research; E.L.M. analyzed data; E.L.M. wrote the paper; and E.L.M., B.W.T., and D.J.E. revised the paper.</p></fn></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><day>7</day><month>10</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>8</day><month>9</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><volume>111</volume><issue>40</issue><fpage>14484</fpage><lpage>14488</lpage><self-uri xlink:title="pdf" xlink:href="pnas.201409585.pdf"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="executive-summary"><title>Significance</title><p>Animal weapons are among nature’s most diverse structures. Intuitively, species have different types of weapons because they fight in different ways, yet no studies have directly tested whether weapons perform better at the animals’ own style of fighting than they do at others. We constructed biomechanical models of the horns of different rhinoceros beetle species to evaluate the functional performance of horns in response to both species-typical and species-atypical fighting loads. We found that horns are both stronger and stiffer in response to species-typical fighting loads, which suggests selection for improved performance under different fighting styles played an important role in the diversification of weapon form.</p></abstract><abstract><p>The shapes of sexually selected weapons differ widely among species, but the drivers of this diversity remain poorly understood. Existing explanations suggest weapon shapes reflect structural adaptations to different fighting styles, yet explicit tests of this hypothesis are lacking. We constructed finite element models of the horns of different rhinoceros beetle species to test whether functional specializations for increased performance under species-specific fighting styles could have contributed to the diversification of weapon form. We find that horns are both stronger and stiffer in response to species-typical fighting loads and that they perform more poorly under atypical fighting loads, which suggests weapons are structurally adapted to meet the functional demands of fighting. Our research establishes a critical link between weapon form and function, revealing one way male–male competition can drive the diversification of animal weapons.</p></abstract><kwd-group><kwd>Dynastinae</kwd><kwd>sexual selection</kwd><kwd>functional morphology</kwd><kwd>finite element analysis</kwd></kwd-group><counts><page-count count="5"></page-count></counts></article-meta></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Wicri/Santé/explor/EdenteV1/Data/Pmc/Corpus
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 000370 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Pmc/Corpus/biblio.hfd -nk 000370 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien
|wiki= Wicri/Santé
|area= EdenteV1
|flux= Pmc
|étape= Corpus
|type= RBID
|clé= PMC:4209975
|texte= Structural adaptations to diverse fighting styles in sexually selected weapons
}}
Pour générer des pages wiki
HfdIndexSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Pmc/Corpus/RBID.i -Sk "pubmed:25201949" \
| HfdSelect -Kh $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Pmc/Corpus/biblio.hfd \
| NlmPubMed2Wicri -a EdenteV1
| This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.33. |  |