The Comprehensive AOCMF Classification System: Mandible Fractures-Level 3 Tutorial
Identifieur interne : 001477 ( Ncbi/Merge ); précédent : 001476; suivant : 001478The Comprehensive AOCMF Classification System: Mandible Fractures-Level 3 Tutorial
Auteurs : Carl-Peter Cornelius ; Laurent Audigé ; Christoph Kunz ; Randal Rudderman ; Carlos H. Buitrago-Téllez ; John Frodel ; Joachim PreinSource :
- Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction [ 1943-3875 ] ; 2014.
Abstract
This tutorial outlines the details of the AOCMF image-based classification system for fractures of the mandibular arch (i.e. the non-condylar mandible) at the precision level 3. It is the logical expansion of the fracture allocation to topographic mandibular sites outlined in level 2, and is based on three-dimensional (3D) imaging techniques/computed tomography (CT)/cone beam CT). Level 3 allows an anatomical description of the individual conditions of the mandibular arch such as the preinjury dental state and the degree of alveolar atrophy. Trauma sequelae are then addressed: (1) tooth injuries and periodontal trauma, (2) fracture involvement of the alveolar process, (3) the degree of fracture fragmentation in three categories (none, minor, and major), and (4) the presence of bone loss. The grading of fragmentation needs a 3D evaluation of the fracture area, allowing visualization of the outer and inner mandibular cortices. To document these fracture features beyond topography the alphanumeric codes are supplied with distinctive appendices. This level 3 tutorial is accompanied by a brief survey of the peculiarities of the edentulous atrophic mandible. Illustrations and a few case examples serve as instruction and reference to improve the understanding and application of the presented features.
Url:
DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1389558
PubMed: 25489389
PubMed Central: 4251719
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>This tutorial outlines the details of the AOCMF image-based classification system for fractures of the mandibular arch (i.e. the non-condylar mandible) at the precision level 3. It is the logical expansion of the fracture allocation to topographic mandibular sites outlined in level 2, and is based on three-dimensional (3D) imaging techniques/computed tomography (CT)/cone beam CT). Level 3 allows an anatomical description of the individual conditions of the mandibular arch such as the preinjury dental state and the degree of alveolar atrophy. Trauma sequelae are then addressed: (1) tooth injuries and periodontal trauma, (2) fracture involvement of the alveolar process, (3) the degree of fracture fragmentation in three categories (none, minor, and major), and (4) the presence of bone loss. The grading of fragmentation needs a 3D evaluation of the fracture area, allowing visualization of the outer and inner mandibular cortices. To document these fracture features beyond topography the alphanumeric codes are supplied with distinctive appendices. This level 3 tutorial is accompanied by a brief survey of the peculiarities of the edentulous atrophic mandible. Illustrations and a few case examples serve as instruction and reference to improve the understanding and application of the presented features.</p>
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<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">The Comprehensive AOCMF Classification System: Mandible Fractures-Level 3 Tutorial.</title>
<author><name sortKey="Cornelius, Carl Peter" sort="Cornelius, Carl Peter" uniqKey="Cornelius C" first="Carl-Peter" last="Cornelius">Carl-Peter Cornelius</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ludwig Maximilians Universität, München, Germany.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ludwig Maximilians Universität, München</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bavière</region>
<region type="district" nuts="2">District de Haute-Bavière</region>
<settlement type="city">Munich</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Audige, Laurent" sort="Audige, Laurent" uniqKey="Audige L" first="Laurent" last="Audigé">Laurent Audigé</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>AO Clinical Investigation and Documentation, AO Foundation, Dübendorf, Switzerland ; Research and Development Department, Schulthess Clinic, Zürich, Switzerland.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country>
<wicri:regionArea>AO Clinical Investigation and Documentation, AO Foundation, Dübendorf, Switzerland ; Research and Development Department, Schulthess Clinic, Zürich</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Zurich</settlement>
<region nuts="3" type="region">Canton de Zurich</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kunz, Christoph" sort="Kunz, Christoph" uniqKey="Kunz C" first="Christoph" last="Kunz">Christoph Kunz</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Clinic for Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Clinic for Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Basel</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Rudderman, Randal" sort="Rudderman, Randal" uniqKey="Rudderman R" first="Randal" last="Rudderman">Randal Rudderman</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Plastic, Reconstruction and Maxillofacial Surgery, Alpharetta, Georgia.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Géorgie (pays)</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Plastic, Reconstruction and Maxillofacial Surgery, Alpharetta</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Alpharetta</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Buitrago Tellez, Carlos H" sort="Buitrago Tellez, Carlos H" uniqKey="Buitrago Tellez C" first="Carlos H" last="Buitrago-Téllez">Carlos H. Buitrago-Téllez</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institute of Radiology Zofingen Hospital, Mühletalstrasse, Zofingen, Switzerland ; Hightech Research Center for CMF Surgery, University of Basel, Switzerland.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Institute of Radiology Zofingen Hospital, Mühletalstrasse, Zofingen, Switzerland ; Hightech Research Center for CMF Surgery, University of Basel</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>University of Basel</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Frodel, John" sort="Frodel, John" uniqKey="Frodel J" first="John" last="Frodel">John Frodel</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Geisinger Medical Center, Region of Facial Plastic Surgery, Danville, Pennsylvania.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region>
</placeName>
<wicri:cityArea>Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Geisinger Medical Center, Region of Facial Plastic Surgery, Danville</wicri:cityArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Prein, Joachim" sort="Prein, Joachim" uniqKey="Prein J" first="Joachim" last="Prein">Joachim Prein</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Clinic for Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Clinic for Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Basel</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j">Craniomaxillofacial trauma & reconstruction</title>
<idno type="ISSN">1943-3875</idno>
<imprint><date when="2014" type="published">2014</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
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<profileDesc><textClass></textClass>
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</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">This tutorial outlines the details of the AOCMF image-based classification system for fractures of the mandibular arch (i.e. the non-condylar mandible) at the precision level 3. It is the logical expansion of the fracture allocation to topographic mandibular sites outlined in level 2, and is based on three-dimensional (3D) imaging techniques/computed tomography (CT)/cone beam CT). Level 3 allows an anatomical description of the individual conditions of the mandibular arch such as the preinjury dental state and the degree of alveolar atrophy. Trauma sequelae are then addressed: (1) tooth injuries and periodontal trauma, (2) fracture involvement of the alveolar process, (3) the degree of fracture fragmentation in three categories (none, minor, and major), and (4) the presence of bone loss. The grading of fragmentation needs a 3D evaluation of the fracture area, allowing visualization of the outer and inner mandibular cortices. To document these fracture features beyond topography the alphanumeric codes are supplied with distinctive appendices. This level 3 tutorial is accompanied by a brief survey of the peculiarities of the edentulous atrophic mandible. Illustrations and a few case examples serve as instruction and reference to improve the understanding and application of the presented features.</div>
</front>
</TEI>
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