The Comprehensive AOCMF Classification System: Mandible Fractures-Level 3 Tutorial
Identifieur interne : 000006 ( Pmc/Curation ); précédent : 000005; suivant : 000007The Comprehensive AOCMF Classification System: Mandible Fractures-Level 3 Tutorial
Auteurs : Carl-Peter Cornelius ; Laurent Audigé ; Christoph Kunz ; Randal Rudderman ; Carlos H. Buitrago-Téllez ; John Frodel ; Joachim PreinSource :
- Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction [ 1943-3875 ] ; 2014.
Abstract
This tutorial outlines the details of the AOCMF image-based classification system for fractures of the mandibular arch (i.e. the non-condylar mandible) at the precision level 3. It is the logical expansion of the fracture allocation to topographic mandibular sites outlined in level 2, and is based on three-dimensional (3D) imaging techniques/computed tomography (CT)/cone beam CT). Level 3 allows an anatomical description of the individual conditions of the mandibular arch such as the preinjury dental state and the degree of alveolar atrophy. Trauma sequelae are then addressed: (1) tooth injuries and periodontal trauma, (2) fracture involvement of the alveolar process, (3) the degree of fracture fragmentation in three categories (none, minor, and major), and (4) the presence of bone loss. The grading of fragmentation needs a 3D evaluation of the fracture area, allowing visualization of the outer and inner mandibular cortices. To document these fracture features beyond topography the alphanumeric codes are supplied with distinctive appendices. This level 3 tutorial is accompanied by a brief survey of the peculiarities of the edentulous atrophic mandible. Illustrations and a few case examples serve as instruction and reference to improve the understanding and application of the presented features.
Url:
DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1389558
PubMed: 25489389
PubMed Central: 4251719
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>This tutorial outlines the details of the AOCMF image-based classification system for fractures of the mandibular arch (i.e. the non-condylar mandible) at the precision level 3. It is the logical expansion of the fracture allocation to topographic mandibular sites outlined in level 2, and is based on three-dimensional (3D) imaging techniques/computed tomography (CT)/cone beam CT). Level 3 allows an anatomical description of the individual conditions of the mandibular arch such as the preinjury dental state and the degree of alveolar atrophy. Trauma sequelae are then addressed: (1) tooth injuries and periodontal trauma, (2) fracture involvement of the alveolar process, (3) the degree of fracture fragmentation in three categories (none, minor, and major), and (4) the presence of bone loss. The grading of fragmentation needs a 3D evaluation of the fracture area, allowing visualization of the outer and inner mandibular cortices. To document these fracture features beyond topography the alphanumeric codes are supplied with distinctive appendices. This level 3 tutorial is accompanied by a brief survey of the peculiarities of the edentulous atrophic mandible. Illustrations and a few case examples serve as instruction and reference to improve the understanding and application of the presented features.</p>
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<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Craniomaxillofac Trauma Reconstr</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Craniomaxillofac Trauma Reconstr</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="doi">10.1055/s-00000151</journal-id>
<journal-title-group><journal-title>Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction</journal-title>
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<issn pub-type="ppub">1943-3875</issn>
<issn pub-type="epub">1943-3883</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>by AO Foundation AOCMF</publisher-name>
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<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Article</subject>
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<title-group><article-title>The Comprehensive AOCMF Classification System: Mandible Fractures-Level 3 Tutorial</article-title>
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<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Cornelius</surname>
<given-names>Carl-Peter</given-names>
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<xref rid="AF130885-1" ref-type="aff">1</xref>
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<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Audigé</surname>
<given-names>Laurent</given-names>
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<degrees>DVM, PhD</degrees>
<xref rid="AF130885-2" ref-type="aff">2</xref>
<xref rid="AF130885-3" ref-type="aff">3</xref>
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<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kunz</surname>
<given-names>Christoph</given-names>
</name>
<degrees>MD, DDS</degrees>
<xref rid="AF130885-4" ref-type="aff">4</xref>
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<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Rudderman</surname>
<given-names>Randal</given-names>
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<degrees>MD, FACS</degrees>
<xref rid="AF130885-5" ref-type="aff">5</xref>
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<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Buitrago-Téllez</surname>
<given-names>Carlos H.</given-names>
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<degrees>MD</degrees>
<xref rid="AF130885-6" ref-type="aff">6</xref>
<xref rid="AF130885-7" ref-type="aff">7</xref>
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<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Frodel</surname>
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<degrees>MD, FACS</degrees>
<xref rid="AF130885-8" ref-type="aff">8</xref>
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<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Prein</surname>
<given-names>Joachim</given-names>
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<degrees>MD, DDS</degrees>
<xref rid="AF130885-4" ref-type="aff">4</xref>
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<aff id="AF130885-1"><label>1</label>
<institution>Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ludwig Maximilians Universität, München, Germany</institution>
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<aff id="AF130885-2"><label>2</label>
<institution>AO Clinical Investigation and Documentation, AO Foundation, Dübendorf, Switzerland</institution>
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<aff id="AF130885-3"><label>3</label>
<institution>Research and Development Department, Schulthess Clinic, Zürich, Switzerland</institution>
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<aff id="AF130885-4"><label>4</label>
<institution>Clinic for Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland</institution>
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<aff id="AF130885-5"><label>5</label>
<institution>Plastic, Reconstruction and Maxillofacial Surgery, Alpharetta, Georgia</institution>
</aff>
<aff id="AF130885-6"><label>6</label>
<institution>Institute of Radiology Zofingen Hospital, Mühletalstrasse, Zofingen, Switzerland</institution>
</aff>
<aff id="AF130885-7"><label>7</label>
<institution>Hightech Research Center for CMF Surgery, University of Basel, Switzerland</institution>
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<aff id="AF130885-8"><label>8</label>
<institution>Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Geisinger Medical Center, Region of Facial Plastic Surgery, Danville, Pennsylvania</institution>
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<author-notes><corresp id="CO130885-1"><bold>Address for correspondence </bold>
Carl–Peter Cornelius, MD, DDS <institution>Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ludwig Maximilians Universität</institution>
<addr-line>Lindwurmstrasse 2A, D-80337 München</addr-line>
<country>Germany</country>
<email>peter.cornelius@med.lmu.de</email>
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<pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>12</month>
<year>2014</year>
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<volume>7</volume>
<issue>Suppl 1</issue>
<fpage>S031</fpage>
<lpage>S043</lpage>
<history></history>
<permissions><copyright-statement>© Thieme Medical Publishers</copyright-statement>
</permissions>
<abstract><p>This tutorial outlines the details of the AOCMF image-based classification system for fractures of the mandibular arch (i.e. the non-condylar mandible) at the precision level 3. It is the logical expansion of the fracture allocation to topographic mandibular sites outlined in level 2, and is based on three-dimensional (3D) imaging techniques/computed tomography (CT)/cone beam CT). Level 3 allows an anatomical description of the individual conditions of the mandibular arch such as the preinjury dental state and the degree of alveolar atrophy. Trauma sequelae are then addressed: (1) tooth injuries and periodontal trauma, (2) fracture involvement of the alveolar process, (3) the degree of fracture fragmentation in three categories (none, minor, and major), and (4) the presence of bone loss. The grading of fragmentation needs a 3D evaluation of the fracture area, allowing visualization of the outer and inner mandibular cortices. To document these fracture features beyond topography the alphanumeric codes are supplied with distinctive appendices. This level 3 tutorial is accompanied by a brief survey of the peculiarities of the edentulous atrophic mandible. Illustrations and a few case examples serve as instruction and reference to improve the understanding and application of the presented features.</p>
</abstract>
<kwd-group xml:lang="en"><title>Keywords</title>
<kwd>mandible</kwd>
<kwd>fracture classification</kwd>
<kwd>dentition</kwd>
<kwd>degrees of alveolar atrophy</kwd>
<kwd>fracture morphology</kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
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