Pulmonary cystic keratinizing squamous cell lesions of rats after inhalation/instillation of different particles
Identifieur interne : 000884 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 000883; suivant : 000885Pulmonary cystic keratinizing squamous cell lesions of rats after inhalation/instillation of different particles
Auteurs : S. Rittinghausen ; U. Mohr ; D. L. DungworthSource :
- Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology [ 0940-2993 ] ; 1997.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Aerosol, inhalation, B(a)P, Carbon black, Carcinoma, squamous cell, keratinizing, lung, Coal oven exhaust, Crocidolite instillation, DB (ah) A, Diesel exhaust particles, Epithelioma, cystic, keratinizing, lung, Gas, irritant, Inhalation, different particles, Instillation, different particles, Irritant gas, Keratinizing cysts, lung, Keratinizing squamous cell lesion, pulmonary, Lung, inhalation, different particles, Lung, keratinizing squamous cell lesion, Particles, inhalation, Particles, instillation, Proliferative cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), Pulmonary keratinizing squamous cell lesion, Squamous metaplasia, lun, Tar/pitch condensation aerosol, Titanium dioxide, benzo(a)pyrene, dibenz(ah)antracene.
- Teeft :
- Adjacent alveolar spaces, Appl, Arch environ health, Benign, Cancer risk, Carcinogenic, Carcinogenic effects, Carcinoma, Cell carcinoma, Cell carcinomas, Cell layers, Central keratin, Chronic exposure, Chronic inhalation, Coal oven exhaust, Condensation aerosol, Connective tissue, Crocidolite, Cyst, Cystic, Cystic keratinizing, Cystic keratinizing epithelioma, Cystic keratinizing epitheliomas, Cystic keratinizing lesions, Diesel, Diesel exhaust, Diesel exhaust particles, Different concentrations, Different particles, Dioxide, Dungworth, Environ, Epithelial, Epithelial cells, Epithelial wall, Epithelioma, Epithelium, Exhaust, Fibril, Fund appl, Fund appl toxicol, Great majority, Hannover, Heinrich, High dose, Histologically, Ilsi press washington, Inhalation, Inhalation studies, Inhaled, Inhaled particles, Instillation, Instillation studies, Intratracheal, Intratracheal instillation, Intratracheal instillation study, Invasive growth, Irritant, Keratin, Keratinization, Keratinized, Keratinizing, Keratinizing cyst, Keratinizing cysts, Keratinizing epitheliomas, Lesion, Lesions exposure atmosphere, Leucocyte, Lung cancer, Lung tissue, Macrophage, Mast cells, Mauderly, Mayers haemalaun, Metaplasia, Mitotic figures, Mohr, Muhle, Native diesel exhaust particles, Neoplasm, Neoplastic, Other species, Pathol, Pcna, Peripheral cell layers, Polymorphonuclear, Polymorphonuclear leucocytes, Pott, Printex, Proliferative, Proliferative activity, Proliferative keratin cyst, Pulmonary response, Railroad workers, Rat, Recovery period, Respiratory tract, Solid particles, Squamous, Squamous cell carcinoma, Squamous cell carcinomas, Squamous epithelium, Squamous metaplasia, Titanium, Titanium dioxide, Total dose, Total number, Toxic, Toxic pathol, Toxicol, Toxicology, Transitional stages, Tumour, Tumour cells, Tumour wall, Unfiltered diesel exhaust.
Abstract
Summary: Cystic keratinizing squamous cell lesions from three inhalation studies (Study A, B, C) and one intratracheal instillation study (Study D) in rats were reclassified and a certain number of lesions examined immunohistochemically for PCNA (proliferating cell nuclear antigen) as a marker of cellular proliferation. The following classification was used: squamous cell metaplasia with marked keratinization, keratinizing cyst, cystic keratinizing epithelioma, cystic keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma, keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma and non-keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma. In study A (inhalation of coal oven exhaust and subcutaneous injection of a high dose of DB (ah)A) 49.3 % of rats developed cystic keratinizing squamous cell carcinomas. Inhalation of coal oven exhaust gas together with intratracheal instillation of crocidolite or subcutaneous injection of a low dose DB(ah)A (dibenz(ah)anthracene) resulted in cystic keratinizing squamous cell carcinomas in 23 % to 24 % of the rats. High incidences of cystic squamous cell carcinomas in the range of 31.9 % to 76.4 % were observed in rats of Study B1 after a 10-months exposure to tar/pitch condensation aerosol (different B(a)P (benzo(a)pyrene) concentrations) with added carbon black in some groups. After a 20-months exposure period to the same inhalation atmospheres (Study B2) the incidence of squamous cell carcinomas was increased up to 95.8 %. Exposure of rats to various concentrations of unfiltered diesel exhaust (Study C) resulted in incidences of cystic keratinizing epitheliomas ranging from 2.5 % (2.5 mg/m3) to 10.7 % (7.5 mg/m3). Epitheliomas were also observed in 16.2 % of carbon black and 16.0 % of titanium dioxide exposed rats. Only a few cystic keratinizing squamous cell carcinomas occurred. In the intratrachel instillation study (Study D) increased incidences of cystic keratinizing epitheliomas occurred in rats exposed to native diesel exhaust particles (16.7 %), high dose of extracted diesel exhaust particles (14.6 %), extracted printex 90-carbon black particles (18.8 %), and extracted printex 90-carbon black particles + B(a)P (18.8 %). High indicences of cystic keratinizing squamous cell carcinomas were noted in rats that received 15 mg B(a)P (14.6 %) or 30 mg B(a)P (72.7 %) intratracheally. Immunohistochemical labeling of nuclei with PCNA demonstrated proliferative activity in one or two (and focally more than two) peripheral cell layers of cystic keratinizing epitheliomas and in more than three peripheral cell layers of cystic keratinizing squamous cell carcinomas and keratinizing squamous cell carcinomas. The wall of keratinizing cysts showed no or a weak reaction.
Url:
DOI: 10.1016/S0940-2993(97)80131-5
Links to Exploration step
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<term>Coal oven exhaust</term>
<term>Crocidolite instillation</term>
<term>DB (ah) A</term>
<term>Diesel exhaust particles</term>
<term>Epithelioma, cystic, keratinizing, lung</term>
<term>Gas, irritant</term>
<term>Inhalation, different particles</term>
<term>Instillation, different particles</term>
<term>Irritant gas</term>
<term>Keratinizing cysts, lung</term>
<term>Keratinizing squamous cell lesion, pulmonary</term>
<term>Lung, inhalation, different particles</term>
<term>Lung, keratinizing squamous cell lesion</term>
<term>Particles, inhalation</term>
<term>Particles, instillation</term>
<term>Proliferative cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)</term>
<term>Pulmonary keratinizing squamous cell lesion</term>
<term>Squamous metaplasia, lun</term>
<term>Tar/pitch condensation aerosol</term>
<term>Titanium dioxide</term>
<term>benzo(a)pyrene</term>
<term>dibenz(ah)antracene</term>
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<keywords scheme="Teeft" xml:lang="en"><term>Adjacent alveolar spaces</term>
<term>Appl</term>
<term>Arch environ health</term>
<term>Benign</term>
<term>Cancer risk</term>
<term>Carcinogenic</term>
<term>Carcinogenic effects</term>
<term>Carcinoma</term>
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<term>Cystic</term>
<term>Cystic keratinizing</term>
<term>Cystic keratinizing epithelioma</term>
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<term>Diesel exhaust</term>
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<term>Inhalation</term>
<term>Inhalation studies</term>
<term>Inhaled</term>
<term>Inhaled particles</term>
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<term>Instillation studies</term>
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<term>Intratracheal instillation</term>
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<front><div type="abstract">Summary: Cystic keratinizing squamous cell lesions from three inhalation studies (Study A, B, C) and one intratracheal instillation study (Study D) in rats were reclassified and a certain number of lesions examined immunohistochemically for PCNA (proliferating cell nuclear antigen) as a marker of cellular proliferation. The following classification was used: squamous cell metaplasia with marked keratinization, keratinizing cyst, cystic keratinizing epithelioma, cystic keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma, keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma and non-keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma. In study A (inhalation of coal oven exhaust and subcutaneous injection of a high dose of DB (ah)A) 49.3 % of rats developed cystic keratinizing squamous cell carcinomas. Inhalation of coal oven exhaust gas together with intratracheal instillation of crocidolite or subcutaneous injection of a low dose DB(ah)A (dibenz(ah)anthracene) resulted in cystic keratinizing squamous cell carcinomas in 23 % to 24 % of the rats. High incidences of cystic squamous cell carcinomas in the range of 31.9 % to 76.4 % were observed in rats of Study B1 after a 10-months exposure to tar/pitch condensation aerosol (different B(a)P (benzo(a)pyrene) concentrations) with added carbon black in some groups. After a 20-months exposure period to the same inhalation atmospheres (Study B2) the incidence of squamous cell carcinomas was increased up to 95.8 %. Exposure of rats to various concentrations of unfiltered diesel exhaust (Study C) resulted in incidences of cystic keratinizing epitheliomas ranging from 2.5 % (2.5 mg/m3) to 10.7 % (7.5 mg/m3). Epitheliomas were also observed in 16.2 % of carbon black and 16.0 % of titanium dioxide exposed rats. Only a few cystic keratinizing squamous cell carcinomas occurred. In the intratrachel instillation study (Study D) increased incidences of cystic keratinizing epitheliomas occurred in rats exposed to native diesel exhaust particles (16.7 %), high dose of extracted diesel exhaust particles (14.6 %), extracted printex 90-carbon black particles (18.8 %), and extracted printex 90-carbon black particles + B(a)P (18.8 %). High indicences of cystic keratinizing squamous cell carcinomas were noted in rats that received 15 mg B(a)P (14.6 %) or 30 mg B(a)P (72.7 %) intratracheally. Immunohistochemical labeling of nuclei with PCNA demonstrated proliferative activity in one or two (and focally more than two) peripheral cell layers of cystic keratinizing epitheliomas and in more than three peripheral cell layers of cystic keratinizing squamous cell carcinomas and keratinizing squamous cell carcinomas. The wall of keratinizing cysts showed no or a weak reaction.</div>
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<abstract>Summary: Cystic keratinizing squamous cell lesions from three inhalation studies (Study A, B, C) and one intratracheal instillation study (Study D) in rats were reclassified and a certain number of lesions examined immunohistochemically for PCNA (proliferating cell nuclear antigen) as a marker of cellular proliferation. The following classification was used: squamous cell metaplasia with marked keratinization, keratinizing cyst, cystic keratinizing epithelioma, cystic keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma, keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma and non-keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma. In study A (inhalation of coal oven exhaust and subcutaneous injection of a high dose of DB (ah)A) 49.3 % of rats developed cystic keratinizing squamous cell carcinomas. Inhalation of coal oven exhaust gas together with intratracheal instillation of crocidolite or subcutaneous injection of a low dose DB(ah)A (dibenz(ah)anthracene) resulted in cystic keratinizing squamous cell carcinomas in 23 % to 24 % of the rats. High incidences of cystic squamous cell carcinomas in the range of 31.9 % to 76.4 % were observed in rats of Study B1 after a 10-months exposure to tar/pitch condensation aerosol (different B(a)P (benzo(a)pyrene) concentrations) with added carbon black in some groups. After a 20-months exposure period to the same inhalation atmospheres (Study B2) the incidence of squamous cell carcinomas was increased up to 95.8 %. Exposure of rats to various concentrations of unfiltered diesel exhaust (Study C) resulted in incidences of cystic keratinizing epitheliomas ranging from 2.5 % (2.5 mg/m3) to 10.7 % (7.5 mg/m3). Epitheliomas were also observed in 16.2 % of carbon black and 16.0 % of titanium dioxide exposed rats. Only a few cystic keratinizing squamous cell carcinomas occurred. In the intratrachel instillation study (Study D) increased incidences of cystic keratinizing epitheliomas occurred in rats exposed to native diesel exhaust particles (16.7 %), high dose of extracted diesel exhaust particles (14.6 %), extracted printex 90-carbon black particles (18.8 %), and extracted printex 90-carbon black particles + B(a)P (18.8 %). High indicences of cystic keratinizing squamous cell carcinomas were noted in rats that received 15 mg B(a)P (14.6 %) or 30 mg B(a)P (72.7 %) intratracheally. Immunohistochemical labeling of nuclei with PCNA demonstrated proliferative activity in one or two (and focally more than two) peripheral cell layers of cystic keratinizing epitheliomas and in more than three peripheral cell layers of cystic keratinizing squamous cell carcinomas and keratinizing squamous cell carcinomas. The wall of keratinizing cysts showed no or a weak reaction.</abstract>
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<author xml:id="author-0001"><persName><forename type="first">U.</forename>
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<author xml:id="author-0002"><persName><forename type="first">D.L.</forename>
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<abstract><p>Summary: Cystic keratinizing squamous cell lesions from three inhalation studies (Study A, B, C) and one intratracheal instillation study (Study D) in rats were reclassified and a certain number of lesions examined immunohistochemically for PCNA (proliferating cell nuclear antigen) as a marker of cellular proliferation. The following classification was used: squamous cell metaplasia with marked keratinization, keratinizing cyst, cystic keratinizing epithelioma, cystic keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma, keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma and non-keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma. In study A (inhalation of coal oven exhaust and subcutaneous injection of a high dose of DB (ah)A) 49.3 % of rats developed cystic keratinizing squamous cell carcinomas. Inhalation of coal oven exhaust gas together with intratracheal instillation of crocidolite or subcutaneous injection of a low dose DB(ah)A (dibenz(ah)anthracene) resulted in cystic keratinizing squamous cell carcinomas in 23 % to 24 % of the rats. High incidences of cystic squamous cell carcinomas in the range of 31.9 % to 76.4 % were observed in rats of Study B1 after a 10-months exposure to tar/pitch condensation aerosol (different B(a)P (benzo(a)pyrene) concentrations) with added carbon black in some groups. After a 20-months exposure period to the same inhalation atmospheres (Study B2) the incidence of squamous cell carcinomas was increased up to 95.8 %. Exposure of rats to various concentrations of unfiltered diesel exhaust (Study C) resulted in incidences of cystic keratinizing epitheliomas ranging from 2.5 % (2.5 mg/m3) to 10.7 % (7.5 mg/m3). Epitheliomas were also observed in 16.2 % of carbon black and 16.0 % of titanium dioxide exposed rats. Only a few cystic keratinizing squamous cell carcinomas occurred. In the intratrachel instillation study (Study D) increased incidences of cystic keratinizing epitheliomas occurred in rats exposed to native diesel exhaust particles (16.7 %), high dose of extracted diesel exhaust particles (14.6 %), extracted printex 90-carbon black particles (18.8 %), and extracted printex 90-carbon black particles + B(a)P (18.8 %). High indicences of cystic keratinizing squamous cell carcinomas were noted in rats that received 15 mg B(a)P (14.6 %) or 30 mg B(a)P (72.7 %) intratracheally. Immunohistochemical labeling of nuclei with PCNA demonstrated proliferative activity in one or two (and focally more than two) peripheral cell layers of cystic keratinizing epitheliomas and in more than three peripheral cell layers of cystic keratinizing squamous cell carcinomas and keratinizing squamous cell carcinomas. The wall of keratinizing cysts showed no or a weak reaction.</p>
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<textClass xml:lang="en"><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><head>Key words</head>
<item><term>Keratinizing squamous cell lesion, pulmonary</term>
</item>
<item><term>Pulmonary keratinizing squamous cell lesion</term>
</item>
<item><term>Inhalation, different particles</term>
</item>
<item><term>Particles, inhalation</term>
</item>
<item><term>Particles, instillation</term>
</item>
<item><term>Instillation, different particles</term>
</item>
<item><term>Diesel exhaust particles</term>
</item>
<item><term>Coal oven exhaust</term>
</item>
<item><term>Crocidolite instillation</term>
</item>
<item><term>DB (ah) A</term>
</item>
<item><term>dibenz(ah)antracene</term>
</item>
<item><term>B(a)P</term>
</item>
<item><term>benzo(a)pyrene</term>
</item>
<item><term>Carbon black</term>
</item>
<item><term>Gas, irritant</term>
</item>
<item><term>Irritant gas</term>
</item>
<item><term>Tar/pitch condensation aerosol</term>
</item>
<item><term>Titanium dioxide</term>
</item>
<item><term>Aerosol, inhalation</term>
</item>
<item><term>Lung, inhalation, different particles</term>
</item>
<item><term>Lung, keratinizing squamous cell lesion</term>
</item>
<item><term>Proliferative cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)</term>
</item>
<item><term>Squamous metaplasia, lun</term>
</item>
<item><term>Keratinizing cysts, lung</term>
</item>
<item><term>Epithelioma, cystic, keratinizing, lung</term>
</item>
<item><term>Carcinoma, squamous cell, keratinizing, lung</term>
</item>
</list>
</keywords>
</textClass>
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<ce:copyright type="other" year="1997">Gustav Fischer Verlag</ce:copyright>
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<head><ce:title>Pulmonary cystic keratinizing squamous cell lesions of rats after inhalation/instillation of different particles</ce:title>
<ce:author-group><ce:author><ce:given-name>S.</ce:given-name>
<ce:surname>Rittinghausen</ce:surname>
<ce:cross-ref refid="aff1"><ce:sup>1</ce:sup>
</ce:cross-ref>
<ce:cross-ref refid="cor1"><ce:sup>*</ce:sup>
</ce:cross-ref>
</ce:author>
<ce:author><ce:given-name>U.</ce:given-name>
<ce:surname>Mohr</ce:surname>
<ce:cross-ref refid="aff2"><ce:sup>2</ce:sup>
</ce:cross-ref>
</ce:author>
<ce:author><ce:given-name>D.L.</ce:given-name>
<ce:surname>Dungworth</ce:surname>
<ce:cross-ref refid="aff3"><ce:sup>3</ce:sup>
</ce:cross-ref>
<ce:cross-ref refid="fn1"><ce:sup>4</ce:sup>
</ce:cross-ref>
</ce:author>
<ce:affiliation id="aff1"><ce:label>1</ce:label>
<ce:textfn>Fraunhofer Institute of Toxicology and Aerosol Research, Hannover, Germany</ce:textfn>
</ce:affiliation>
<ce:affiliation id="aff2"><ce:label>2</ce:label>
<ce:textfn>Hannover Medical School, Department of Experimental Pathology, Hannover, Germany</ce:textfn>
</ce:affiliation>
<ce:affiliation id="aff3"><ce:label>3</ce:label>
<ce:textfn>University of California at Davis, USA</ce:textfn>
</ce:affiliation>
<ce:correspondence id="cor1"><ce:label>*</ce:label>
<ce:text><ce:bold>Address for correspondence:</ce:bold>
Dr. S. <ce:small-caps>Rittinghausen</ce:small-caps>
, Fraunhofer Institute of Toxicology and Aerosol Research, Nikolai-Fuchs-Str. 1, D - 30625 Hannover, Germany.</ce:text>
</ce:correspondence>
<ce:footnote id="fn1"><ce:label>4</ce:label>
<ce:note-para>Professor Emeritus</ce:note-para>
</ce:footnote>
</ce:author-group>
<ce:date-received day="15" month="6" year="1997"></ce:date-received>
<ce:date-accepted day="14" month="7" year="1997"></ce:date-accepted>
<ce:abstract id="ab1"><ce:section-title>Summary</ce:section-title>
<ce:abstract-sec><ce:simple-para id="SP0005">Cystic keratinizing squamous cell lesions from three inhalation studies (Study A, B, C) and one intratracheal instillation study (Study D) in rats were reclassified and a certain number of lesions examined immunohistochemically for PCNA (proliferating cell nuclear antigen) as a marker of cellular proliferation. The following classification was used: squamous cell metaplasia with marked keratinization, keratinizing cyst, cystic keratinizing epithelioma, cystic keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma, keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma and non-keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma. In study A (inhalation of coal oven exhaust and subcutaneous injection of a high dose of DB (<ce:italic>ah</ce:italic>
)A) 49.3 % of rats developed cystic keratinizing squamous cell carcinomas. Inhalation of coal oven exhaust gas together with intratracheal instillation of crocidolite or subcutaneous injection of a low dose DB(<ce:italic>ah</ce:italic>
)A (dibenz(<ce:italic>ah</ce:italic>
)anthracene) resulted in cystic keratinizing squamous cell carcinomas in 23 % to 24 % of the rats. High incidences of cystic squamous cell carcinomas in the range of 31.9 % to 76.4 % were observed in rats of Study B1 after a 10-months exposure to tar/pitch condensation aerosol (different B(<ce:italic>a</ce:italic>
)P (benzo(<ce:italic>a</ce:italic>
)pyrene) concentrations) with added carbon black in some groups. After a 20-months exposure period to the same inhalation atmospheres (Study B2) the incidence of squamous cell carcinomas was increased up to 95.8 %. Exposure of rats to various concentrations of unfiltered diesel exhaust (Study C) resulted in incidences of cystic keratinizing epitheliomas ranging from 2.5 % (2.5 mg/m<ce:sup>3</ce:sup>
) to 10.7 % (7.5 mg/m<ce:sup>3</ce:sup>
). Epitheliomas were also observed in 16.2 % of carbon black and 16.0 % of titanium dioxide exposed rats. Only a few cystic keratinizing squamous cell carcinomas occurred. In the intratrachel instillation study (Study D) increased incidences of cystic keratinizing epitheliomas occurred in rats exposed to native diesel exhaust particles (16.7 %), high dose of extracted diesel exhaust particles (14.6 %), extracted printex 90-carbon black particles (18.8 %), and extracted printex 90-carbon black particles + B(<ce:italic>a</ce:italic>
)P (18.8 %). High indicences of cystic keratinizing squamous cell carcinomas were noted in rats that received 15 mg B(<ce:italic>a</ce:italic>
)P (14.6 %) or 30 mg B(<ce:italic>a</ce:italic>
)P (72.7 %) intratracheally. Immunohistochemical labeling of nuclei with PCNA demonstrated proliferative activity in one or two (and focally more than two) peripheral cell layers of cystic keratinizing epitheliomas and in more than three peripheral cell layers of cystic keratinizing squamous cell carcinomas and keratinizing squamous cell carcinomas. The wall of keratinizing cysts showed no or a weak reaction.</ce:simple-para>
</ce:abstract-sec>
</ce:abstract>
<ce:keywords class="keyword"><ce:section-title>Key words</ce:section-title>
<ce:keyword><ce:text>Keratinizing squamous cell lesion, pulmonary</ce:text>
</ce:keyword>
<ce:keyword><ce:text>Pulmonary keratinizing squamous cell lesion</ce:text>
</ce:keyword>
<ce:keyword><ce:text>Inhalation, different particles</ce:text>
</ce:keyword>
<ce:keyword><ce:text>Particles, inhalation</ce:text>
</ce:keyword>
<ce:keyword><ce:text>Particles, instillation</ce:text>
</ce:keyword>
<ce:keyword><ce:text>Instillation, different particles</ce:text>
</ce:keyword>
<ce:keyword><ce:text>Diesel exhaust particles</ce:text>
</ce:keyword>
<ce:keyword><ce:text>Coal oven exhaust</ce:text>
</ce:keyword>
<ce:keyword><ce:text>Crocidolite instillation</ce:text>
</ce:keyword>
<ce:keyword><ce:text>DB (<ce:italic>ah</ce:italic>
) A</ce:text>
</ce:keyword>
<ce:keyword><ce:text>dibenz(<ce:italic>ah</ce:italic>
)antracene</ce:text>
</ce:keyword>
<ce:keyword><ce:text>B(<ce:italic>a</ce:italic>
)P</ce:text>
</ce:keyword>
<ce:keyword><ce:text>benzo(<ce:italic>a</ce:italic>
)pyrene</ce:text>
</ce:keyword>
<ce:keyword><ce:text>Carbon black</ce:text>
</ce:keyword>
<ce:keyword><ce:text>Gas, irritant</ce:text>
</ce:keyword>
<ce:keyword><ce:text>Irritant gas</ce:text>
</ce:keyword>
<ce:keyword><ce:text>Tar/pitch condensation aerosol</ce:text>
</ce:keyword>
<ce:keyword><ce:text>Titanium dioxide</ce:text>
</ce:keyword>
<ce:keyword><ce:text>Aerosol, inhalation</ce:text>
</ce:keyword>
<ce:keyword><ce:text>Lung, inhalation, different particles</ce:text>
</ce:keyword>
<ce:keyword><ce:text>Lung, keratinizing squamous cell lesion</ce:text>
</ce:keyword>
<ce:keyword><ce:text>Proliferative cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)</ce:text>
</ce:keyword>
<ce:keyword><ce:text>Squamous metaplasia, lun</ce:text>
</ce:keyword>
<ce:keyword><ce:text>Keratinizing cysts, lung</ce:text>
</ce:keyword>
<ce:keyword><ce:text>Epithelioma, cystic, keratinizing, lung</ce:text>
</ce:keyword>
<ce:keyword><ce:text>Carcinoma, squamous cell, keratinizing, lung</ce:text>
</ce:keyword>
</ce:keywords>
</head>
<tail><ce:bibliography id="R0005"><ce:section-title>References</ce:section-title>
<ce:bibliography-sec id="RS0005"><ce:bib-reference id="bib1"><ce:label>Alison et al., 1994</ce:label>
<sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:given-name>RH</ce:given-name>
<ce:surname>Alison</ce:surname>
</sb:author>
<sb:author><ce:given-name>CC</ce:given-name>
<ce:surname>Capen</ce:surname>
</sb:author>
<sb:author><ce:given-name>DE</ce:given-name>
<ce:surname>Prentice</ce:surname>
</sb:author>
</sb:authors>
<sb:title><sb:maintitle>Neoplastic lesions of questionable significance to humans</sb:maintitle>
</sb:title>
</sb:contribution>
<sb:host><sb:issue><sb:series><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Toxicol Pathol</sb:maintitle>
</sb:title>
<sb:volume-nr>22</sb:volume-nr>
</sb:series>
<sb:date>1994</sb:date>
</sb:issue>
<sb:pages><sb:first-page>179</sb:first-page>
<sb:last-page>186</sb:last-page>
</sb:pages>
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<mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Pulmonary cystic keratinizing squamous cell lesions of rats after inhalation/instillation of different particles</title>
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<titleInfo type="alternative" lang="en" contentType="CDATA"><title>Pulmonary cystic keratinizing squamous cell lesions of rats after inhalation/instillation of different particles</title>
</titleInfo>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">S.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Rittinghausen</namePart>
<affiliation>Fraunhofer Institute of Toxicology and Aerosol Research, Hannover, Germany</affiliation>
<affiliation>Address for correspondence: Dr. S. Rittinghausen, Fraunhofer Institute of Toxicology and Aerosol Research, Nikolai-Fuchs-Str. 1, D - 30625 Hannover, Germany.</affiliation>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
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</name>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">U.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Mohr</namePart>
<affiliation>Hannover Medical School, Department of Experimental Pathology, Hannover, Germany</affiliation>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">D.L.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Dungworth</namePart>
<affiliation>University of California at Davis, USA</affiliation>
<affiliation>4Professor Emeritus</affiliation>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
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<dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">1997</dateIssued>
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<abstract>Summary: Cystic keratinizing squamous cell lesions from three inhalation studies (Study A, B, C) and one intratracheal instillation study (Study D) in rats were reclassified and a certain number of lesions examined immunohistochemically for PCNA (proliferating cell nuclear antigen) as a marker of cellular proliferation. The following classification was used: squamous cell metaplasia with marked keratinization, keratinizing cyst, cystic keratinizing epithelioma, cystic keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma, keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma and non-keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma. In study A (inhalation of coal oven exhaust and subcutaneous injection of a high dose of DB (ah)A) 49.3 % of rats developed cystic keratinizing squamous cell carcinomas. Inhalation of coal oven exhaust gas together with intratracheal instillation of crocidolite or subcutaneous injection of a low dose DB(ah)A (dibenz(ah)anthracene) resulted in cystic keratinizing squamous cell carcinomas in 23 % to 24 % of the rats. High incidences of cystic squamous cell carcinomas in the range of 31.9 % to 76.4 % were observed in rats of Study B1 after a 10-months exposure to tar/pitch condensation aerosol (different B(a)P (benzo(a)pyrene) concentrations) with added carbon black in some groups. After a 20-months exposure period to the same inhalation atmospheres (Study B2) the incidence of squamous cell carcinomas was increased up to 95.8 %. Exposure of rats to various concentrations of unfiltered diesel exhaust (Study C) resulted in incidences of cystic keratinizing epitheliomas ranging from 2.5 % (2.5 mg/m3) to 10.7 % (7.5 mg/m3). Epitheliomas were also observed in 16.2 % of carbon black and 16.0 % of titanium dioxide exposed rats. Only a few cystic keratinizing squamous cell carcinomas occurred. In the intratrachel instillation study (Study D) increased incidences of cystic keratinizing epitheliomas occurred in rats exposed to native diesel exhaust particles (16.7 %), high dose of extracted diesel exhaust particles (14.6 %), extracted printex 90-carbon black particles (18.8 %), and extracted printex 90-carbon black particles + B(a)P (18.8 %). High indicences of cystic keratinizing squamous cell carcinomas were noted in rats that received 15 mg B(a)P (14.6 %) or 30 mg B(a)P (72.7 %) intratracheally. Immunohistochemical labeling of nuclei with PCNA demonstrated proliferative activity in one or two (and focally more than two) peripheral cell layers of cystic keratinizing epitheliomas and in more than three peripheral cell layers of cystic keratinizing squamous cell carcinomas and keratinizing squamous cell carcinomas. The wall of keratinizing cysts showed no or a weak reaction.</abstract>
<subject lang="en"><genre>Key words</genre>
<topic>Keratinizing squamous cell lesion, pulmonary</topic>
<topic>Pulmonary keratinizing squamous cell lesion</topic>
<topic>Inhalation, different particles</topic>
<topic>Particles, inhalation</topic>
<topic>Particles, instillation</topic>
<topic>Instillation, different particles</topic>
<topic>Diesel exhaust particles</topic>
<topic>Coal oven exhaust</topic>
<topic>Crocidolite instillation</topic>
<topic>DB (ah) A</topic>
<topic>dibenz(ah)antracene</topic>
<topic>B(a)P</topic>
<topic>benzo(a)pyrene</topic>
<topic>Carbon black</topic>
<topic>Gas, irritant</topic>
<topic>Irritant gas</topic>
<topic>Tar/pitch condensation aerosol</topic>
<topic>Titanium dioxide</topic>
<topic>Aerosol, inhalation</topic>
<topic>Lung, inhalation, different particles</topic>
<topic>Lung, keratinizing squamous cell lesion</topic>
<topic>Proliferative cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)</topic>
<topic>Squamous metaplasia, lun</topic>
<topic>Keratinizing cysts, lung</topic>
<topic>Epithelioma, cystic, keratinizing, lung</topic>
<topic>Carcinoma, squamous cell, keratinizing, lung</topic>
</subject>
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<originInfo><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher>
<dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">1997</dateIssued>
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<identifier type="ISSN">0940-2993</identifier>
<identifier type="PII">S0940-2993(97)X8129-1</identifier>
<part><date>1997</date>
<detail type="volume"><number>49</number>
<caption>vol.</caption>
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<detail type="issue"><number>6</number>
<caption>no.</caption>
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<extent unit="issue-pages"><start>409</start>
<end>512</end>
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<extent unit="pages"><start>433</start>
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<identifier type="DOI">10.1016/S0940-2993(97)80131-5</identifier>
<identifier type="PII">S0940-2993(97)80131-5</identifier>
<identifier type="ArticleID">80131</identifier>
<accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">©1997 Gustav Fischer Verlag</accessCondition>
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