Azithromycin in the treatment of COVID-19: a review.
Identifieur interne : 000D73 ( Main/Corpus ); précédent : 000D72; suivant : 000D74Azithromycin in the treatment of COVID-19: a review.
Auteurs : Daniel Echeverría-Esnal ; Clara Martin-Ontiyuelo ; María Eugenia Navarrete-Rouco ; Marta De-Antonio Cusc ; Olivia Ferrández ; Juan Pablo Horcajada ; Santiago GrauSource :
- Expert review of anti-infective therapy [ 1744-8336 ] ; 2021.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- MESH :
- chemical , pharmacology : Antiviral Agents, Azithromycin, Immunologic Factors.
- drug effects : SARS-CoV-2.
- drug therapy : COVID-19.
- immunology : COVID-19.
- physiology : SARS-CoV-2.
- Humans, Treatment Outcome.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION
SARS-CoV-2 is a novel virus that causes coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). Antiviral and immunomodulatory agents have been proposed as potential treatments. Azithromycin exhibits both properties and therefore may play a role.
AREAS COVERED
This article reviews the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, clinical efficacy, and safety of azithromycin in viral infections, with emphasis on COVID-19. A literature search of PUBMED was conducted on May 30
EXPERT OPINION
Azithromycin presents
DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2020.1813024
PubMed: 32853038
Links to Exploration step
pubmed:32853038Le document en format XML
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first="María Eugenia" last="Navarrete-Rouco">María Eugenia Navarrete-Rouco</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Service of Pharmacy, Hospital Del Mar, Hospital Del Mar, Infectious Pathology and Antimicrobials Research Group (IPAR), Institut Hospital Del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM) , Barcelona, Spain.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Antonio Cusc, Marta" sort="De Antonio Cusc, Marta" uniqKey="De Antonio Cusc M" first="Marta" last="De-Antonio Cusc">Marta De-Antonio Cusc</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Service of Pharmacy, Hospital Del Mar, Hospital Del Mar, Infectious Pathology and Antimicrobials Research Group (IPAR), Institut Hospital Del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM) , Barcelona, Spain.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ferrandez, Olivia" sort="Ferrandez, Olivia" uniqKey="Ferrandez O" first="Olivia" last="Ferrández">Olivia Ferrández</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Service of Pharmacy, Hospital Del Mar, Hospital Del Mar, Infectious Pathology and Antimicrobials Research Group (IPAR), Institut Hospital Del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM) , Barcelona, Spain.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Horcajada, Juan Pablo" sort="Horcajada, Juan Pablo" uniqKey="Horcajada J" first="Juan Pablo" last="Horcajada">Juan Pablo Horcajada</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Service of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Del Mar, Infectious Pathology and Antimicrobials Research Group (IPAR), Institut Hospital Del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM) , Spain.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pharmacy, Universitat Autònoma De Barcelona , Barcelona, Spain.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Grau, Santiago" sort="Grau, Santiago" uniqKey="Grau S" first="Santiago" last="Grau">Santiago Grau</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Service of Pharmacy, Hospital Del Mar, Hospital Del Mar, Infectious Pathology and Antimicrobials Research Group (IPAR), Institut Hospital Del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM) , Barcelona, Spain.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pharmacy, Universitat Autònoma De Barcelona , Barcelona, Spain.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2021">2021</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:32853038</idno><idno type="pmid">32853038</idno><idno type="doi">10.1080/14787210.2020.1813024</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Corpus">000D73</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000D73</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Azithromycin in the treatment of COVID-19: a review.</title><author><name sortKey="Echeverria Esnal, Daniel" sort="Echeverria Esnal, Daniel" uniqKey="Echeverria Esnal D" first="Daniel" last="Echeverría-Esnal">Daniel Echeverría-Esnal</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Service of Pharmacy, Hospital Del Mar, Hospital Del Mar, Infectious Pathology and Antimicrobials Research Group (IPAR), Institut Hospital Del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM) , Barcelona, Spain.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Martin Ontiyuelo, Clara" sort="Martin Ontiyuelo, Clara" uniqKey="Martin Ontiyuelo C" first="Clara" last="Martin-Ontiyuelo">Clara Martin-Ontiyuelo</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Service of Pneumology, Hospital Del Mar , Barcelona, Spain.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Navarrete Rouco, Maria Eugenia" sort="Navarrete Rouco, Maria Eugenia" uniqKey="Navarrete Rouco M" first="María Eugenia" last="Navarrete-Rouco">María Eugenia Navarrete-Rouco</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Service of Pharmacy, Hospital Del Mar, Hospital Del Mar, Infectious Pathology and Antimicrobials Research Group (IPAR), Institut Hospital Del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM) , Barcelona, Spain.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Antonio Cusc, Marta" sort="De Antonio Cusc, Marta" uniqKey="De Antonio Cusc M" first="Marta" last="De-Antonio Cusc">Marta De-Antonio Cusc</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Service of Pharmacy, Hospital Del Mar, Hospital Del Mar, Infectious Pathology and Antimicrobials Research Group (IPAR), Institut Hospital Del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM) , Barcelona, Spain.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ferrandez, Olivia" sort="Ferrandez, Olivia" uniqKey="Ferrandez O" first="Olivia" last="Ferrández">Olivia Ferrández</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Service of Pharmacy, Hospital Del Mar, Hospital Del Mar, Infectious Pathology and Antimicrobials Research Group (IPAR), Institut Hospital Del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM) , Barcelona, Spain.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Horcajada, Juan Pablo" sort="Horcajada, Juan Pablo" uniqKey="Horcajada J" first="Juan Pablo" last="Horcajada">Juan Pablo Horcajada</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Service of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Del Mar, Infectious Pathology and Antimicrobials Research Group (IPAR), Institut Hospital Del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM) , Spain.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pharmacy, Universitat Autònoma De Barcelona , Barcelona, Spain.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Grau, Santiago" sort="Grau, Santiago" uniqKey="Grau S" first="Santiago" last="Grau">Santiago Grau</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Service of Pharmacy, Hospital Del Mar, Hospital Del Mar, Infectious Pathology and Antimicrobials Research Group (IPAR), Institut Hospital Del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM) , Barcelona, Spain.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pharmacy, Universitat Autònoma De Barcelona , Barcelona, Spain.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Expert review of anti-infective therapy</title><idno type="eISSN">1744-8336</idno><imprint><date when="2021" type="published">2021</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Antiviral Agents (pharmacology)</term><term>Azithromycin (pharmacology)</term><term>COVID-19 (drug therapy)</term><term>COVID-19 (immunology)</term><term>Humans (MeSH)</term><term>Immunologic Factors (pharmacology)</term><term>SARS-CoV-2 (drug effects)</term><term>SARS-CoV-2 (physiology)</term><term>Treatment Outcome (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="pharmacology" xml:lang="en"><term>Antiviral Agents</term><term>Azithromycin</term><term>Immunologic Factors</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="drug effects" xml:lang="en"><term>SARS-CoV-2</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="drug therapy" xml:lang="en"><term>COVID-19</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="immunology" xml:lang="en"><term>COVID-19</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiology" xml:lang="en"><term>SARS-CoV-2</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Humans</term><term>Treatment Outcome</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>INTRODUCTION</b></p><p>SARS-CoV-2 is a novel virus that causes coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). Antiviral and immunomodulatory agents have been proposed as potential treatments. Azithromycin exhibits both properties and therefore may play a role.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>AREAS COVERED</b></p><p>This article reviews the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, clinical efficacy, and safety of azithromycin in viral infections, with emphasis on COVID-19. A literature search of PUBMED was conducted on May 30</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>EXPERT OPINION</b></p><p>Azithromycin presents </p></div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">32853038</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2021</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>15</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2021</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>15</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1744-8336</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>19</Volume><Issue>2</Issue><PubDate><Year>2021</Year><Month>02</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Expert review of anti-infective therapy</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Azithromycin in the treatment of COVID-19: a review.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>147-163</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1080/14787210.2020.1813024</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="INTRODUCTION">SARS-CoV-2 is a novel virus that causes coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). Antiviral and immunomodulatory agents have been proposed as potential treatments. Azithromycin exhibits both properties and therefore may play a role.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="AREAS COVERED">This article reviews the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, clinical efficacy, and safety of azithromycin in viral infections, with emphasis on COVID-19. A literature search of PUBMED was conducted on May 30<sup>th</sup> and updated on July 28<sup>th</sup>.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="EXPERT OPINION">Azithromycin presents <i>in vitro</i> activity against SARS-CoV-2 and could act in different points of the viral cycle. Its immunomodulatory properties include the ability to downregulate cytokine production, maintain epithelial cell integrity or prevent lung fibrosis. Azithromycin use was associated with a reduction in mortality and ventilation days in other viral infections. These properties could be beneficial throughout the COVID-19. However, the evidence of its use is scarce and of low quality. Azithromycin has been assessed in retrospective observational studies mainly in combination with hydroxychloroquine, which has shown to provide no benefit. This macrolide presents a well-known safety profile. Upcoming clinical trials will determine the role of azithromycin in the COVID-19 (including the stage of the disease where it offers the greatest benefits and the effect of its combination with other drugs).</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Echeverría-Esnal</LastName><ForeName>Daniel</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0003-4975-8798</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Service of Pharmacy, Hospital Del Mar, Hospital Del Mar, Infectious Pathology and Antimicrobials Research Group (IPAR), Institut Hospital Del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM) , Barcelona, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Martin-Ontiyuelo</LastName><ForeName>Clara</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Service of Pneumology, Hospital Del Mar , Barcelona, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Navarrete-Rouco</LastName><ForeName>María Eugenia</ForeName><Initials>ME</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Service of Pharmacy, Hospital Del Mar, Hospital Del Mar, Infectious Pathology and Antimicrobials Research Group (IPAR), Institut Hospital Del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM) , Barcelona, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>De-Antonio Cuscó</LastName><ForeName>Marta</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Service of Pharmacy, Hospital Del Mar, Hospital Del Mar, Infectious Pathology and Antimicrobials Research Group (IPAR), Institut Hospital Del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM) , Barcelona, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ferrández</LastName><ForeName>Olivia</ForeName><Initials>O</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Service of Pharmacy, Hospital Del Mar, Hospital Del Mar, Infectious Pathology and Antimicrobials Research Group (IPAR), Institut Hospital Del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM) , Barcelona, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Horcajada</LastName><ForeName>Juan Pablo</ForeName><Initials>JP</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Service of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Del Mar, Infectious Pathology and Antimicrobials Research Group (IPAR), Institut Hospital Del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM) , Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pharmacy, Universitat Autònoma De Barcelona , Barcelona, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Grau</LastName><ForeName>Santiago</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Service of Pharmacy, Hospital Del Mar, Hospital Del Mar, Infectious Pathology and Antimicrobials Research Group (IPAR), Institut Hospital Del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM) , Barcelona, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pharmacy, Universitat Autònoma De Barcelona , Barcelona, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D016454">Review</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2020</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>06</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>England</Country><MedlineTA>Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101181284</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1478-7210</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D000998">Antiviral Agents</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D007155">Immunologic Factors</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>83905-01-5</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D017963">Azithromycin</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000998" MajorTopicYN="N">Antiviral Agents</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000494" MajorTopicYN="N">pharmacology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D017963" MajorTopicYN="N">Azithromycin</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000494" MajorTopicYN="Y">pharmacology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000086382" MajorTopicYN="Y">COVID-19</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000188" MajorTopicYN="N">drug therapy</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="N">immunology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D007155" MajorTopicYN="N">Immunologic Factors</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000494" MajorTopicYN="N">pharmacology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000086402" MajorTopicYN="Y">SARS-CoV-2</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000187" MajorTopicYN="N">drug effects</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000502" MajorTopicYN="N">physiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D016896" MajorTopicYN="N">Treatment Outcome</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">Azithromycin</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">COVID-19</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">SARS-CoV-2</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">antivirals</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">cytokine release syndrome</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">immunomodulation</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">pneumonia</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2020</Year><Month>8</Month><Day>28</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate 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