COVID-19: Current Developments and Further Opportunities in Drug Delivery and Therapeutics.
Identifieur interne : 000A90 ( Main/Corpus ); précédent : 000A89; suivant : 000A91COVID-19: Current Developments and Further Opportunities in Drug Delivery and Therapeutics.
Auteurs : Saman Zafar ; Muhammad Sohail Arshad ; Sameen Fatima ; Amna Ali ; Aliyah Zaman ; Elshaimaa Sayed ; Ming-Wei Chang ; Zeeshan AhmadSource :
- Pharmaceutics [ 1999-4923 ] ; 2020.
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 has affected people from all age groups, races and ethnicities. Given that many infected individuals are asymptomatic, they transmit the disease to others unknowingly, which has resulted in the spread of infection at an alarming rate. This review aims to provide an overview of the pathophysiology, preventive measures to reduce the disease spread, therapies currently in use, an update on vaccine development and opportunities for vaccine delivery. The World Health Organization has advised several precautions including social distancing, hand washing and the use of PPE including gloves and face masks for minimizing the spread of SARS-CoV-2 infection. At present, several antiviral therapies previously approved for other infections are being repositioned to study their efficacy against SARS-CoV-2. In addition, some medicines (i.e., remdesivir, chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine) have received emergency use authorisation from the FDA. Plasma therapy has also been authorised for emergency use for the treatment of COVID-19 on a smaller scale. However, no vaccine has been approved so far against this virus. Nevertheless, several potential vaccine targets have been reported, and development of different types of vaccines including DNA, mRNA, viral vector, inactivated, subunit and vaccine-like particles is in process. It is concluded that a suitable candidate delivered through an advanced drug delivery approach would effectively boost the immune system against this coronavirus.
DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12100945
PubMed: 33023033
PubMed Central: PMC7601382
Links to Exploration step
pubmed:33023033Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">COVID-19: Current Developments and Further Opportunities in Drug Delivery and Therapeutics.</title><author><name sortKey="Zafar, Saman" sort="Zafar, Saman" uniqKey="Zafar S" first="Saman" last="Zafar">Saman Zafar</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Arshad, Muhammad Sohail" sort="Arshad, Muhammad Sohail" uniqKey="Arshad M" first="Muhammad Sohail" last="Arshad">Muhammad Sohail Arshad</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fatima, Sameen" sort="Fatima, Sameen" uniqKey="Fatima S" first="Sameen" last="Fatima">Sameen Fatima</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ali, Amna" sort="Ali, Amna" uniqKey="Ali A" first="Amna" last="Ali">Amna Ali</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zaman, Aliyah" sort="Zaman, Aliyah" uniqKey="Zaman A" first="Aliyah" last="Zaman">Aliyah Zaman</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sayed, Elshaimaa" sort="Sayed, Elshaimaa" uniqKey="Sayed E" first="Elshaimaa" last="Sayed">Elshaimaa Sayed</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chang, Ming Wei" sort="Chang, Ming Wei" uniqKey="Chang M" first="Ming-Wei" last="Chang">Ming-Wei Chang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Nanotechnology and Integrated Bioengineering Centre, University of Ulster, Northern Ireland BT37 0QB, UK.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ahmad, Zeeshan" sort="Ahmad, Zeeshan" uniqKey="Ahmad Z" first="Zeeshan" last="Ahmad">Zeeshan Ahmad</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2020">2020</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:33023033</idno><idno type="pmid">33023033</idno><idno type="doi">10.3390/pharmaceutics12100945</idno><idno type="pmc">PMC7601382</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Corpus">000A90</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000A90</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">COVID-19: Current Developments and Further Opportunities in Drug Delivery and Therapeutics.</title><author><name sortKey="Zafar, Saman" sort="Zafar, Saman" uniqKey="Zafar S" first="Saman" last="Zafar">Saman Zafar</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Arshad, Muhammad Sohail" sort="Arshad, Muhammad Sohail" uniqKey="Arshad M" first="Muhammad Sohail" last="Arshad">Muhammad Sohail Arshad</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fatima, Sameen" sort="Fatima, Sameen" uniqKey="Fatima S" first="Sameen" last="Fatima">Sameen Fatima</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ali, Amna" sort="Ali, Amna" uniqKey="Ali A" first="Amna" last="Ali">Amna Ali</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zaman, Aliyah" sort="Zaman, Aliyah" uniqKey="Zaman A" first="Aliyah" last="Zaman">Aliyah Zaman</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sayed, Elshaimaa" sort="Sayed, Elshaimaa" uniqKey="Sayed E" first="Elshaimaa" last="Sayed">Elshaimaa Sayed</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chang, Ming Wei" sort="Chang, Ming Wei" uniqKey="Chang M" first="Ming-Wei" last="Chang">Ming-Wei Chang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Nanotechnology and Integrated Bioengineering Centre, University of Ulster, Northern Ireland BT37 0QB, UK.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ahmad, Zeeshan" sort="Ahmad, Zeeshan" uniqKey="Ahmad Z" first="Zeeshan" last="Ahmad">Zeeshan Ahmad</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Pharmaceutics</title><idno type="ISSN">1999-4923</idno><imprint><date when="2020" type="published">2020</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">SARS-CoV-2 has affected people from all age groups, races and ethnicities. Given that many infected individuals are asymptomatic, they transmit the disease to others unknowingly, which has resulted in the spread of infection at an alarming rate. This review aims to provide an overview of the pathophysiology, preventive measures to reduce the disease spread, therapies currently in use, an update on vaccine development and opportunities for vaccine delivery. The World Health Organization has advised several precautions including social distancing, hand washing and the use of PPE including gloves and face masks for minimizing the spread of SARS-CoV-2 infection. At present, several antiviral therapies previously approved for other infections are being repositioned to study their efficacy against SARS-CoV-2. In addition, some medicines (i.e., remdesivir, chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine) have received emergency use authorisation from the FDA. Plasma therapy has also been authorised for emergency use for the treatment of COVID-19 on a smaller scale. However, no vaccine has been approved so far against this virus. Nevertheless, several potential vaccine targets have been reported, and development of different types of vaccines including DNA, mRNA, viral vector, inactivated, subunit and vaccine-like particles is in process. It is concluded that a suitable candidate delivered through an advanced drug delivery approach would effectively boost the immune system against this coronavirus.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="PubMed-not-MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">33023033</PMID><DateRevised><Year>2020</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>03</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Print">1999-4923</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Print"><Volume>12</Volume><Issue>10</Issue><PubDate><Year>2020</Year><Month>Oct</Month><Day>03</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Pharmaceutics</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Pharmaceutics</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>COVID-19: Current Developments and Further Opportunities in Drug Delivery and Therapeutics.</ArticleTitle><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">E945</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.3390/pharmaceutics12100945</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>SARS-CoV-2 has affected people from all age groups, races and ethnicities. Given that many infected individuals are asymptomatic, they transmit the disease to others unknowingly, which has resulted in the spread of infection at an alarming rate. This review aims to provide an overview of the pathophysiology, preventive measures to reduce the disease spread, therapies currently in use, an update on vaccine development and opportunities for vaccine delivery. The World Health Organization has advised several precautions including social distancing, hand washing and the use of PPE including gloves and face masks for minimizing the spread of SARS-CoV-2 infection. At present, several antiviral therapies previously approved for other infections are being repositioned to study their efficacy against SARS-CoV-2. In addition, some medicines (i.e., remdesivir, chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine) have received emergency use authorisation from the FDA. Plasma therapy has also been authorised for emergency use for the treatment of COVID-19 on a smaller scale. However, no vaccine has been approved so far against this virus. Nevertheless, several potential vaccine targets have been reported, and development of different types of vaccines including DNA, mRNA, viral vector, inactivated, subunit and vaccine-like particles is in process. It is concluded that a suitable candidate delivered through an advanced drug delivery approach would effectively boost the immune system against this coronavirus.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zafar</LastName><ForeName>Saman</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Arshad</LastName><ForeName>Muhammad Sohail</ForeName><Initials>MS</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Fatima</LastName><ForeName>Sameen</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ali</LastName><ForeName>Amna</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zaman</LastName><ForeName>Aliyah</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sayed</LastName><ForeName>Elshaimaa</ForeName><Initials>E</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chang</LastName><ForeName>Ming-Wei</ForeName><Initials>MW</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Nanotechnology and Integrated Bioengineering Centre, University of Ulster, Northern Ireland BT37 0QB, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ahmad</LastName><ForeName>Zeeshan</ForeName><Initials>Z</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D016454">Review</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2020</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>03</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Switzerland</Country><MedlineTA>Pharmaceutics</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101534003</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1999-4923</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">COVID-19</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">SARS-CoV-2</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">coronavirus</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">drug delivery</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">immune response</Keyword><Keyword 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