Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of the Existing Repurposed Pharmacological Agents for Treating COVID-19: A Meta-analysis and Systematic Review of Clinical Trials.
Identifieur interne : 000570 ( Main/Corpus ); précédent : 000569; suivant : 000571Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of the Existing Repurposed Pharmacological Agents for Treating COVID-19: A Meta-analysis and Systematic Review of Clinical Trials.
Auteurs : Nang S. Choupoo ; Saurabh K. Das ; Rudrashish Haldar ; Hillol Sarkar ; Resma Tewari ; Sumit RaySource :
- Indian journal of critical care medicine : peer-reviewed, official publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine [ 0972-5229 ] ; 2020.
Abstract
Purpose
The present study systematically searched important medical databases, assessed the quality of available pieces of evidence, and performed a meta-analysis to test the efficacy of different therapeutic options currently available for treating COVID-19.
Materials and methods
PubMed, CNKI, LILACS, Koreamed, WHO clinical trial registry, and medRxiv were searched since December 2019. Any observational or controlled study that tested the efficacy of any pharmacological intervention in COVID-19 patients either prospectively or retrospectively was included in the qualitative analysis. We assessed outcomes as dichotomous variables, i.e., a patient having a positive clinical outcome. Relative risks/risk ratios (RR) having a 95% confidence interval (CI) were derived. Studies conforming to inclusion criteria were pooled using the random-effect model.
Results
Nine trials on hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), six studies on antiviral, four studies on monoclonal antibodies, two on corticosteroids, two on convalescent plasma (CP), and one on interferon-α2b were included in the systematic review. Meta-analysis containing six scientific trials and analyzing 522 patients revealed that the relative risk of positive clinical outcomes with HCQ treatment was 1.042 (95% CI, 0.884 to 1.874) with a number needed to treat (NNT) of 12.6. A meta-analysis of two studies analyzing 285 patients showed that the relative risk of clinical resolution with lopinavir and ritonavir combination was 1.152 (95% CI 0.709 to 1.87). Out of various antiviral used, the only remdesivir showed a positive result in a case series. Monoclonal antibodies showed decreased C-reactive protein, decreased oxygen, and ventilator requirements. A corticosteroid may increase mortality with increased dose. Two small case series on CP showed some promising results.
Conclusion
The study showed slightly favorable results with HCQ, monoclonal antibodies, remdesivir, and CP in treating COVID-19 patients. Further research is warranted in establishing the efficacy of studied interventions.
PROSPERO identifier
CRD42020180979.
How to cite this article
Choupoo NS, Das SK, Haldar R, Sarkar H, Tewari R, Ray S. Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of the Existing Repurposed Pharmacological Agents for Treating COVID-19: A Meta-analysis and Systematic Review of Clinical Trials. Indian J Crit Care Med 2020;24(11):1106-1113.
DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10071-23664
PubMed: 33384519
PubMed Central: PMC7751050
Links to Exploration step
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>Purpose</b>
</p>
<p>The present study systematically searched important medical databases, assessed the quality of available pieces of evidence, and performed a meta-analysis to test the efficacy of different therapeutic options currently available for treating COVID-19.</p>
</div>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>Materials and methods</b>
</p>
<p>PubMed, CNKI, LILACS, Koreamed, WHO clinical trial registry, and medRxiv were searched since December 2019. Any observational or controlled study that tested the efficacy of any pharmacological intervention in COVID-19 patients either prospectively or retrospectively was included in the qualitative analysis. We assessed outcomes as dichotomous variables, i.e., a patient having a positive clinical outcome. Relative risks/risk ratios (RR) having a 95% confidence interval (CI) were derived. Studies conforming to inclusion criteria were pooled using the random-effect model.</p>
</div>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>Results</b>
</p>
<p>Nine trials on hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), six studies on antiviral, four studies on monoclonal antibodies, two on corticosteroids, two on convalescent plasma (CP), and one on interferon-α2b were included in the systematic review. Meta-analysis containing six scientific trials and analyzing 522 patients revealed that the relative risk of positive clinical outcomes with HCQ treatment was 1.042 (95% CI, 0.884 to 1.874) with a number needed to treat (NNT) of 12.6. A meta-analysis of two studies analyzing 285 patients showed that the relative risk of clinical resolution with lopinavir and ritonavir combination was 1.152 (95% CI 0.709 to 1.87). Out of various antiviral used, the only remdesivir showed a positive result in a case series. Monoclonal antibodies showed decreased C-reactive protein, decreased oxygen, and ventilator requirements. A corticosteroid may increase mortality with increased dose. Two small case series on CP showed some promising results.</p>
</div>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>Conclusion</b>
</p>
<p>The study showed slightly favorable results with HCQ, monoclonal antibodies, remdesivir, and CP in treating COVID-19 patients. Further research is warranted in establishing the efficacy of studied interventions.</p>
</div>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>PROSPERO identifier</b>
</p>
<p>CRD42020180979.</p>
</div>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>How to cite this article</b>
</p>
<p>Choupoo NS, Das SK, Haldar R, Sarkar H, Tewari R, Ray S. Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of the Existing Repurposed Pharmacological Agents for Treating COVID-19: A Meta-analysis and Systematic Review of Clinical Trials. Indian J Crit Care Med 2020;24(11):1106-1113.</p>
</div>
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<Abstract><AbstractText Label="Purpose" NlmCategory="UNASSIGNED">The present study systematically searched important medical databases, assessed the quality of available pieces of evidence, and performed a meta-analysis to test the efficacy of different therapeutic options currently available for treating COVID-19.</AbstractText>
<AbstractText Label="Materials and methods" NlmCategory="UNASSIGNED">PubMed, CNKI, LILACS, Koreamed, WHO clinical trial registry, and medRxiv were searched since December 2019. Any observational or controlled study that tested the efficacy of any pharmacological intervention in COVID-19 patients either prospectively or retrospectively was included in the qualitative analysis. We assessed outcomes as dichotomous variables, i.e., a patient having a positive clinical outcome. Relative risks/risk ratios (RR) having a 95% confidence interval (CI) were derived. Studies conforming to inclusion criteria were pooled using the random-effect model.</AbstractText>
<AbstractText Label="Results" NlmCategory="UNASSIGNED">Nine trials on hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), six studies on antiviral, four studies on monoclonal antibodies, two on corticosteroids, two on convalescent plasma (CP), and one on interferon-α2b were included in the systematic review. Meta-analysis containing six scientific trials and analyzing 522 patients revealed that the relative risk of positive clinical outcomes with HCQ treatment was 1.042 (95% CI, 0.884 to 1.874) with a number needed to treat (NNT) of 12.6. A meta-analysis of two studies analyzing 285 patients showed that the relative risk of clinical resolution with lopinavir and ritonavir combination was 1.152 (95% CI 0.709 to 1.87). Out of various antiviral used, the only remdesivir showed a positive result in a case series. Monoclonal antibodies showed decreased C-reactive protein, decreased oxygen, and ventilator requirements. A corticosteroid may increase mortality with increased dose. Two small case series on CP showed some promising results.</AbstractText>
<AbstractText Label="Conclusion" NlmCategory="UNASSIGNED">The study showed slightly favorable results with HCQ, monoclonal antibodies, remdesivir, and CP in treating COVID-19 patients. Further research is warranted in establishing the efficacy of studied interventions.</AbstractText>
<AbstractText Label="PROSPERO identifier" NlmCategory="UNASSIGNED">CRD42020180979.</AbstractText>
<AbstractText Label="How to cite this article" NlmCategory="UNASSIGNED">Choupoo NS, Das SK, Haldar R, Sarkar H, Tewari R, Ray S. Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of the Existing Repurposed Pharmacological Agents for Treating COVID-19: A Meta-analysis and Systematic Review of Clinical Trials. Indian J Crit Care Med 2020;24(11):1106-1113.</AbstractText>
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