Therapeutic options for COVID-19: a quick review.
Identifieur interne : 000510 ( Main/Corpus ); précédent : 000509; suivant : 000511Therapeutic options for COVID-19: a quick review.
Auteurs : Muhammad Sani Ismaila ; Faruku Bande ; Aminu Ishaka ; Aminatu Abubakar Sani ; Karla GeorgesSource :
- Journal of chemotherapy (Florence, Italy) [ 1973-9478 ] ; 2021.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Animals (MeSH), Antibodies, Monoclonal (therapeutic use), Antiviral Agents (therapeutic use), Azithromycin (therapeutic use), COVID-19 (drug therapy), Clinical Trials as Topic (MeSH), Dexamethasone (therapeutic use), Drug Therapy, Combination (MeSH), Humans (MeSH), Hydroxychloroquine (therapeutic use), SARS-CoV-2 (MeSH).
- MESH :
- chemical , therapeutic use : Antibodies, Monoclonal, Antiviral Agents, Azithromycin, Dexamethasone, Hydroxychloroquine.
- drug therapy : COVID-19.
- Animals, Clinical Trials as Topic, Drug Therapy, Combination, Humans, SARS-CoV-2.
Abstract
Since the announcement by the World Health Organization (WHO) of an outbreak of a contagious respiratory viral pneumonia in Wuhan, China, in December 2019 (later named as COVID-19), several research works have been carried out to unstitch the therapeutic options and combat the disease using various aproaches and modalities. These works are currently at different clinical trial stages, and their results may be determined by the outcome of the ongoing trial process. There is the need for a collection of information regarding the availlable therapeutic options related to COVID-19. this article therefore reviewed emerging and re-emerging therapeutic compounds/drugs used in COVID-19 management and reports of clinical trials, with the view to summarize and highlight their prospect and possible adverse effects to allow more extensive choice by clinicians, researchers, and policymakers. The approach used involved retrieval of related collections found in selected repositories including, Medline, Scopus, PubMed, and Google scholar. Only experimental or clinical studies were included. Out of the 39 materials retrieved, 26 (66.67%) studies were based on clinical trials, 12 (30.77%) were classified as in vitro studies, and only one (2.56%) involved experimental animal study. Of the agents evaluated for COVID-19 therapeutics, 15 (38.46%) were anti-viral, four (10.26%) antimalarial, four studies were immunotherapeutics (10.26%), two studies (5.13%) were antibacterial, while, one (2.56%) study wasfor antiparasitic , anticoagulant, anti-inflammatory, anti-viral/antimalarial, and anti-viral/herbal combination for each. Also, eight studies (20.51%) were antibiotic/antimalarial.. This review indicates that there is both a race and quest in the test of antiviral agents against COVID-19 and that arbidol seems to have dominated in the studies analyzed. The use of anticoagulants and antibiotics, such as teicoplanin and azithromycin/hydroxychloroquine were reported to also play a leading role in the management of the disease. Likewise, dexamethasone has been recently claimed to be effective in patients in need of respiratory assistance. Based on unresolved controversies and inconclusive findings, it could be said that generally, a single and specific therapeutics to COVID-19 is still a mirage. There is, thus, an urgent need to test more potent compounds and agents to establish much safer and highly efficacious drugs/agents for the disease, even as we continue to learn more about the disease as well as the characteristic of the virus.
DOI: 10.1080/1120009X.2020.1868237
PubMed: 33427110
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pubmed:33427110Le document en format XML
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Medical Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sani, Aminatu Abubakar" sort="Sani, Aminatu Abubakar" uniqKey="Sani A" first="Aminatu Abubakar" last="Sani">Aminatu Abubakar Sani</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Georges, Karla" sort="Georges, Karla" uniqKey="Georges K" first="Karla" last="Georges">Karla Georges</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Deparment of Basic Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2021">2021</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:33427110</idno><idno 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University Kano, Kano, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ishaka, Aminu" sort="Ishaka, Aminu" uniqKey="Ishaka A" first="Aminu" last="Ishaka">Aminu Ishaka</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sani, Aminatu Abubakar" sort="Sani, Aminatu Abubakar" uniqKey="Sani A" first="Aminatu Abubakar" last="Sani">Aminatu Abubakar Sani</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Georges, Karla" sort="Georges, Karla" uniqKey="Georges K" first="Karla" last="Georges">Karla Georges</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Deparment of Basic Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Journal of chemotherapy (Florence, Italy)</title><idno type="eISSN">1973-9478</idno><imprint><date when="2021" type="published">2021</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Animals (MeSH)</term><term>Antibodies, Monoclonal (therapeutic use)</term><term>Antiviral Agents (therapeutic use)</term><term>Azithromycin (therapeutic use)</term><term>COVID-19 (drug therapy)</term><term>Clinical Trials as Topic (MeSH)</term><term>Dexamethasone (therapeutic use)</term><term>Drug Therapy, Combination (MeSH)</term><term>Humans (MeSH)</term><term>Hydroxychloroquine (therapeutic use)</term><term>SARS-CoV-2 (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="therapeutic use" xml:lang="en"><term>Antibodies, Monoclonal</term><term>Antiviral Agents</term><term>Azithromycin</term><term>Dexamethasone</term><term>Hydroxychloroquine</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="drug therapy" xml:lang="en"><term>COVID-19</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Animals</term><term>Clinical Trials as Topic</term><term>Drug Therapy, Combination</term><term>Humans</term><term>SARS-CoV-2</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Since the announcement by the World Health Organization (WHO) of an outbreak of a contagious respiratory viral pneumonia in Wuhan, China, in December 2019 (later named as COVID-19), several research works have been carried out to unstitch the therapeutic options and combat the disease using various aproaches and modalities. These works are currently at different clinical trial stages, and their results may be determined by the outcome of the ongoing trial process. There is the need for a collection of information regarding the availlable therapeutic options related to COVID-19. this article therefore reviewed emerging and re-emerging therapeutic compounds/drugs used in COVID-19 management and reports of clinical trials, with the view to summarize and highlight their prospect and possible adverse effects to allow more extensive choice by clinicians, researchers, and policymakers. The approach used involved retrieval of related collections found in selected repositories including, Medline, Scopus, PubMed, and Google scholar. Only experimental or clinical studies were included. Out of the 39 materials retrieved, 26 (66.67%) studies were based on clinical trials, 12 (30.77%) were classified as <i>in vitro</i> studies, and only one (2.56%) involved experimental animal study. Of the agents evaluated for COVID-19 therapeutics, 15 (38.46%) were anti-viral, four (10.26%) antimalarial, four studies were immunotherapeutics (10.26%), two studies (5.13%) were antibacterial, while, one (2.56%) study wasfor antiparasitic , anticoagulant, anti-inflammatory, anti-viral/antimalarial, and anti-viral/herbal combination for each. Also, eight studies (20.51%) were antibiotic/antimalarial.. This review indicates that there is both a race and quest in the test of antiviral agents against COVID-19 and that arbidol seems to have dominated in the studies analyzed. The use of anticoagulants and antibiotics, such as teicoplanin and azithromycin/hydroxychloroquine were reported to also play a leading role in the management of the disease. Likewise, dexamethasone has been recently claimed to be effective in patients in need of respiratory assistance. Based on unresolved controversies and inconclusive findings, it could be said that generally, a single and specific therapeutics to COVID-19 is still a mirage. There is, thus, an urgent need to test more potent compounds and agents to establish much safer and highly efficacious drugs/agents for the disease, even as we continue to learn more about the disease as well as the characteristic of the virus.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">33427110</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2021</Year><Month>03</Month><Day>29</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2021</Year><Month>03</Month><Day>29</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1973-9478</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>33</Volume><Issue>2</Issue><PubDate><Year>2021</Year><Month>Apr</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Journal of chemotherapy (Florence, Italy)</Title><ISOAbbreviation>J Chemother</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Therapeutic options for COVID-19: a quick review.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>67-84</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1080/1120009X.2020.1868237</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Since the announcement by the World Health Organization (WHO) of an outbreak of a contagious respiratory viral pneumonia in Wuhan, China, in December 2019 (later named as COVID-19), several research works have been carried out to unstitch the therapeutic options and combat the disease using various aproaches and modalities. These works are currently at different clinical trial stages, and their results may be determined by the outcome of the ongoing trial process. There is the need for a collection of information regarding the availlable therapeutic options related to COVID-19. this article therefore reviewed emerging and re-emerging therapeutic compounds/drugs used in COVID-19 management and reports of clinical trials, with the view to summarize and highlight their prospect and possible adverse effects to allow more extensive choice by clinicians, researchers, and policymakers. The approach used involved retrieval of related collections found in selected repositories including, Medline, Scopus, PubMed, and Google scholar. Only experimental or clinical studies were included. Out of the 39 materials retrieved, 26 (66.67%) studies were based on clinical trials, 12 (30.77%) were classified as <i>in vitro</i> studies, and only one (2.56%) involved experimental animal study. Of the agents evaluated for COVID-19 therapeutics, 15 (38.46%) were anti-viral, four (10.26%) antimalarial, four studies were immunotherapeutics (10.26%), two studies (5.13%) were antibacterial, while, one (2.56%) study wasfor antiparasitic , anticoagulant, anti-inflammatory, anti-viral/antimalarial, and anti-viral/herbal combination for each. Also, eight studies (20.51%) were antibiotic/antimalarial.. This review indicates that there is both a race and quest in the test of antiviral agents against COVID-19 and that arbidol seems to have dominated in the studies analyzed. The use of anticoagulants and antibiotics, such as teicoplanin and azithromycin/hydroxychloroquine were reported to also play a leading role in the management of the disease. Likewise, dexamethasone has been recently claimed to be effective in patients in need of respiratory assistance. Based on unresolved controversies and inconclusive findings, it could be said that generally, a single and specific therapeutics to COVID-19 is still a mirage. There is, thus, an urgent need to test more potent compounds and agents to establish much safer and highly efficacious drugs/agents for the disease, even as we continue to learn more about the disease as well as the characteristic of the virus.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ismaila</LastName><ForeName>Muhammad Sani</ForeName><Initials>MS</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0266-8074</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Deparment of Basic Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bande</LastName><ForeName>Faruku</ForeName><Initials>F</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bayero University Kano, Kano, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ishaka</LastName><ForeName>Aminu</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sani</LastName><ForeName>Aminatu Abubakar</ForeName><Initials>AA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Georges</LastName><ForeName>Karla</ForeName><Initials>K</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Deparment of Basic Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D016454">Review</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2021</Year><Month>01</Month><Day>11</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>England</Country><MedlineTA>J Chemother</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>8907348</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1120-009X</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D000911">Antibodies, Monoclonal</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D000998">Antiviral Agents</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>4QWG6N8QKH</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D006886">Hydroxychloroquine</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>7S5I7G3JQL</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D003907">Dexamethasone</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>83905-01-5</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D017963">Azithromycin</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><SupplMeshList><SupplMeshName Type="Protocol" UI="C000705127">COVID-19 drug treatment</SupplMeshName></SupplMeshList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000818" MajorTopicYN="N">Animals</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000911" MajorTopicYN="N">Antibodies, Monoclonal</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000627" MajorTopicYN="N">therapeutic use</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000998" MajorTopicYN="N">Antiviral Agents</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000627" MajorTopicYN="N">therapeutic use</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D017963" MajorTopicYN="N">Azithromycin</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000627" MajorTopicYN="N">therapeutic use</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000086382" MajorTopicYN="N">COVID-19</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000188" MajorTopicYN="Y">drug therapy</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002986" MajorTopicYN="N">Clinical Trials as Topic</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003907" MajorTopicYN="N">Dexamethasone</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000627" MajorTopicYN="N">therapeutic use</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D004359" MajorTopicYN="N">Drug Therapy, Combination</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006886" MajorTopicYN="N">Hydroxychloroquine</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000627" MajorTopicYN="N">therapeutic use</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000086402" MajorTopicYN="Y">SARS-CoV-2</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">COVID-19 therapeutic options</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">arbidol</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">chloroquine</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">clinical trials</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">dexamethasone</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">ivermectin</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">remdesivir</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2021</Year><Month>1</Month><Day>12</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2021</Year><Month>3</Month><Day>30</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2021</Year><Month>1</Month><Day>11</Day><Hour>8</Hour><Minute>42</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId 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