The role of CD4+FoxP3+ regulatory T cells in the immunopathogenesis of COVID-19: implications for treatment.
Identifieur interne : 000075 ( Main/Corpus ); précédent : 000074; suivant : 000076The role of CD4+FoxP3+ regulatory T cells in the immunopathogenesis of COVID-19: implications for treatment.
Auteurs : Yifei Wang ; Jingbin Zheng ; Md Sahidul Islam ; Yang Yang ; Yuanjia Hu ; Xin ChenSource :
- International journal of biological sciences [ 1449-2288 ] ; 2021.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- MESH :
- chemical , immunology : CD4 Antigens, Forkhead Transcription Factors.
- immunology : COVID-19, T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory.
- isolation & purification : SARS-CoV-2.
- therapy : COVID-19.
- virology : COVID-19.
- Cytokine Release Syndrome, Humans.
Abstract
The severe cases of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) frequently exhibit excessive inflammatory responses, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), coagulopathy, and organ damage. The most striking immunopathology of advanced COVID-19 is cytokine release syndrome or "cytokine storm" that is attributable to the deficiencies in immune regulatory mechanisms. CD4+FoxP3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) are central regulators of immune responses and play an indispensable role in the maintenance of immune homeostasis. Tregs are likely involved in the attenuation of antiviral defense at the early stage of infection and ameliorating inflammation-induced organ injury at the late stage of COVID-19. In this article, we review and summarize the current understanding of the change of Tregs in patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and discuss the potential role of Tregs in the immunopathology of COVID-19. The emerging concept of Treg-targeted therapies, including both adoptive Treg transfer and low dose of IL-2 treatment, is introduced. Furthermore, the potential Treg-boosting effect of therapeutic agents used in the treatment of COVID-19, including dexamethasone, vitamin D, tocilizumab and sarilumab, chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin, adalimumab and tetrandrine, is discussed. The problems in the current study of Treg cells in COVID-19 and future perspectives are also addressed.
DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.59534
PubMed: 33907514
PubMed Central: PMC8071774
Links to Exploration step
pubmed:33907514Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">The role of CD4<sup>+</sup>FoxP3<sup>+</sup> regulatory T cells in the immunopathogenesis of COVID-19: implications for treatment.</title><author><name sortKey="Wang, Yifei" sort="Wang, Yifei" uniqKey="Wang Y" first="Yifei" last="Wang">Yifei Wang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zheng, Jingbin" sort="Zheng, Jingbin" uniqKey="Zheng J" first="Jingbin" last="Zheng">Jingbin Zheng</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Islam, Md Sahidul" sort="Islam, Md Sahidul" uniqKey="Islam M" first="Md Sahidul" last="Islam">Md Sahidul Islam</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yang, Yang" sort="Yang, Yang" uniqKey="Yang Y" first="Yang" last="Yang">Yang Yang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hu, Yuanjia" sort="Hu, Yuanjia" uniqKey="Hu Y" first="Yuanjia" last="Hu">Yuanjia Hu</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chen, Xin" sort="Chen, Xin" uniqKey="Chen X" first="Xin" last="Chen">Xin Chen</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2021">2021</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:33907514</idno><idno type="pmid">33907514</idno><idno type="doi">10.7150/ijbs.59534</idno><idno type="pmc">PMC8071774</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Corpus">000075</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000075</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">The role of CD4<sup>+</sup>FoxP3<sup>+</sup> regulatory T cells in the immunopathogenesis of COVID-19: implications for treatment.</title><author><name sortKey="Wang, Yifei" sort="Wang, Yifei" uniqKey="Wang Y" first="Yifei" last="Wang">Yifei Wang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zheng, Jingbin" sort="Zheng, Jingbin" uniqKey="Zheng J" first="Jingbin" last="Zheng">Jingbin Zheng</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Islam, Md Sahidul" sort="Islam, Md Sahidul" uniqKey="Islam M" first="Md Sahidul" last="Islam">Md Sahidul Islam</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yang, Yang" sort="Yang, Yang" uniqKey="Yang Y" first="Yang" last="Yang">Yang Yang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hu, Yuanjia" sort="Hu, Yuanjia" uniqKey="Hu Y" first="Yuanjia" last="Hu">Yuanjia Hu</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chen, Xin" sort="Chen, Xin" uniqKey="Chen X" first="Xin" last="Chen">Xin Chen</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">International journal of biological sciences</title><idno type="eISSN">1449-2288</idno><imprint><date when="2021" type="published">2021</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>CD4 Antigens (immunology)</term><term>COVID-19 (immunology)</term><term>COVID-19 (therapy)</term><term>COVID-19 (virology)</term><term>Cytokine Release Syndrome (MeSH)</term><term>Forkhead Transcription Factors (immunology)</term><term>Humans (MeSH)</term><term>SARS-CoV-2 (isolation & purification)</term><term>T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory (immunology)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="immunology" xml:lang="en"><term>CD4 Antigens</term><term>Forkhead Transcription Factors</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="immunology" xml:lang="en"><term>COVID-19</term><term>T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="isolation & purification" xml:lang="en"><term>SARS-CoV-2</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="therapy" xml:lang="en"><term>COVID-19</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virology" xml:lang="en"><term>COVID-19</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Cytokine Release Syndrome</term><term>Humans</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The severe cases of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) frequently exhibit excessive inflammatory responses, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), coagulopathy, and organ damage. The most striking immunopathology of advanced COVID-19 is cytokine release syndrome or "cytokine storm" that is attributable to the deficiencies in immune regulatory mechanisms. CD4<sup>+</sup>FoxP3<sup>+</sup> regulatory T cells (Tregs) are central regulators of immune responses and play an indispensable role in the maintenance of immune homeostasis. Tregs are likely involved in the attenuation of antiviral defense at the early stage of infection and ameliorating inflammation-induced organ injury at the late stage of COVID-19. In this article, we review and summarize the current understanding of the change of Tregs in patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and discuss the potential role of Tregs in the immunopathology of COVID-19. The emerging concept of Treg-targeted therapies, including both adoptive Treg transfer and low dose of IL-2 treatment, is introduced. Furthermore, the potential Treg-boosting effect of therapeutic agents used in the treatment of COVID-19, including dexamethasone, vitamin D, tocilizumab and sarilumab, chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin, adalimumab and tetrandrine, is discussed. The problems in the current study of Treg cells in COVID-19 and future perspectives are also addressed.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">33907514</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2021</Year><Month>05</Month><Day>20</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2021</Year><Month>05</Month><Day>20</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic-eCollection"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1449-2288</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>17</Volume><Issue>6</Issue><PubDate><Year>2021</Year></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>International journal of biological sciences</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Int J Biol Sci</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>The role of CD4<sup>+</sup>FoxP3<sup>+</sup> regulatory T cells in the immunopathogenesis of COVID-19: implications for treatment.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>1507-1520</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.7150/ijbs.59534</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>The severe cases of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) frequently exhibit excessive inflammatory responses, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), coagulopathy, and organ damage. The most striking immunopathology of advanced COVID-19 is cytokine release syndrome or "cytokine storm" that is attributable to the deficiencies in immune regulatory mechanisms. CD4<sup>+</sup>FoxP3<sup>+</sup> regulatory T cells (Tregs) are central regulators of immune responses and play an indispensable role in the maintenance of immune homeostasis. Tregs are likely involved in the attenuation of antiviral defense at the early stage of infection and ameliorating inflammation-induced organ injury at the late stage of COVID-19. In this article, we review and summarize the current understanding of the change of Tregs in patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and discuss the potential role of Tregs in the immunopathology of COVID-19. The emerging concept of Treg-targeted therapies, including both adoptive Treg transfer and low dose of IL-2 treatment, is introduced. Furthermore, the potential Treg-boosting effect of therapeutic agents used in the treatment of COVID-19, including dexamethasone, vitamin D, tocilizumab and sarilumab, chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin, adalimumab and tetrandrine, is discussed. The problems in the current study of Treg cells in COVID-19 and future perspectives are also addressed.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>© The author(s).</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wang</LastName><ForeName>Yifei</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zheng</LastName><ForeName>Jingbin</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Islam</LastName><ForeName>Md Sahidul</ForeName><Initials>MS</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Yang</LastName><ForeName>Yang</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hu</LastName><ForeName>Yuanjia</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chen</LastName><ForeName>Xin</ForeName><Initials>X</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D016454">Review</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2021</Year><Month>04</Month><Day>10</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Australia</Country><MedlineTA>Int J Biol Sci</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101235568</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1449-2288</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D015704">CD4 Antigens</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="C418974">FOXP3 protein, human</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D051858">Forkhead 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