Exposure assessment for estimation of the global burden of disease attributable to outdoor air pollution
Identifieur interne : 000426 ( Main/Curation ); précédent : 000425; suivant : 000427Exposure assessment for estimation of the global burden of disease attributable to outdoor air pollution
Auteurs : Michael Brauer ; Markus Amann [Autriche] ; Rick T. Burnett [Canada] ; Aaron Cohen ; Frank Dentener [Italie] ; Majid Ezzati ; Sarah B. Henderson ; Michal Krzyzanowski [Allemagne] ; Randall V. Martin [États-Unis] ; Rita Van Dingenen [Italie] ; Aaron Van Donkelaar ; George D. Thurston [États-Unis]Source :
- Environmental science & technology [ 0013-936X ] ; 2012.
Abstract
Ambient air pollution is associated with numerous adverse health impacts. Previous assessments of global attributable disease burden have been limited to urban areas or by coarse spatial resolution of concentration estimates. Recent developments in remote sensing, global chemical-transport models, and improvements in coverage of surface measurements facilitate virtually complete spatially resolved global air pollutant concentration estimates. We combined these data to generate global estimates of long- term average ambient concentrations of fine particles (PM2.5) and ozone at 0.1° × 0.1° spatial resolution for 1990 and 2005. In 2005, 89% of the world’s population lived in areas where the World Health Organization Air Quality Guideline of 10 μg/m3 PM2.5 (annual average) was exceeded. Globally, 32% of the population lived in areas exceeding the WHO Level 1 Interim Target of 35 μg/m3; driven by high proportions in East (76%) and South (26%) Asia. The highest seasonal ozone levels were found in North and Latin America, Europe, South and East Asia, and parts of Africa. Between 1990 and 2005 a 6% increase in global population-weighted PM2.5 and a 1% decrease in global population- weighted ozone concentrations was apparent, highlighted by increased concentrations in East, South and Southeast Asia and decreases in North America and Europe. Combined with spatially resolved population distributions, these estimates expand the evaluation of the global health burden associated with outdoor air pollution.
Url:
DOI: 10.1021/es2025752
PubMed: 22148428
PubMed Central: 4043337
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Michael Brauer<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">School of Population and Public Health, The University of British Columbia, 2206 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T1Z3 Canada</nlm:aff>
<wicri:noCountry code="subfield">V6T1Z3 Canada</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A4">Health Effects Institute, Boston USA</nlm:aff>
<wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Boston USA</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A6">Imperial College London, School of Public Health, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG UK</nlm:aff>
<wicri:noCountry code="subfield">London W2 1PG UK</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7">British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, 655 West 12th Avenue Vancouver, BC V5Z4R4 Canada</nlm:aff>
<wicri:noCountry code="subfield">BC V5Z4R4 Canada</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A9">Dalhousie University, Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, 6310 Coburg Road, Halifax, NS, B3H 3J5 Canada</nlm:aff>
<wicri:noCountry code="subfield">B3H 3J5 Canada</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="A10">Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138 , USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138 </wicri:regionArea>
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<wicri:noCountry code="subfield">B3H 3J5 Canada</wicri:noCountry>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p id="P1">Ambient air pollution is associated with numerous adverse health impacts. Previous assessments of global attributable disease burden have been limited to urban areas or by coarse spatial resolution of concentration estimates. Recent developments in remote sensing, global chemical-transport models, and improvements in coverage of surface measurements facilitate virtually complete spatially resolved global air pollutant concentration estimates. We combined these data to generate global estimates of long- term average ambient concentrations of fine particles (PM<sub>2.5</sub>
) and ozone at 0.1° × 0.1° spatial resolution for 1990 and 2005. In 2005, 89% of the world’s population lived in areas where the World Health Organization Air Quality Guideline of 10 μg/m<sup>3</sup>
PM<sub>2.5</sub>
(annual average) was exceeded. Globally, 32% of the population lived in areas exceeding the WHO Level 1 Interim Target of 35 μg/m<sup>3</sup>
; driven by high proportions in East (76%) and South (26%) Asia. The highest seasonal ozone levels were found in North and Latin America, Europe, South and East Asia, and parts of Africa. Between 1990 and 2005 a 6% increase in global population-weighted PM<sub>2.5</sub>
and a 1% decrease in global population- weighted ozone concentrations was apparent, highlighted by increased concentrations in East, South and Southeast Asia and decreases in North America and Europe. Combined with spatially resolved population distributions, these estimates expand the evaluation of the global health burden associated with outdoor air pollution.</p>
</div>
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