Rates and drivers of mangrove deforestation in Southeast Asia, 2000–2012
Identifieur interne : 000043 ( Pmc/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000042; suivant : 000044Rates and drivers of mangrove deforestation in Southeast Asia, 2000–2012
Auteurs : Daniel R. Richards [Singapour, Royaume-Uni] ; Daniel A. Friess [Singapour]Source :
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America [ 0027-8424 ] ; 2015.
Abstract
This study quantifies the proximate drivers (i.e., replacement land uses) of mangrove deforestation across Southeast Asia between 2000 and 2012. Mangrove forests in the region were lost at an average rate of 0.18% per year. Aquaculture was a major pressure on mangrove systems during this period, but its dominance was lower than expected, contrary to popular development narratives. Rice agriculture has been a major driver of mangrove loss in Myanmar, and oil palm expansion is a key but under-recognized threat in Malaysia and Indonesia. The threat of oil palm to mangroves is likely to increase in the future as new frontiers open up in Papua, Indonesia. Future research and policy responses must consider the diversity of drivers of mangrove deforestation.
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DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1510272113
PubMed: 26712025
PubMed Central: 4720307
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<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="hwp">pnas</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">pnas</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">PNAS</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0027-8424</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1091-6490</issn><publisher><publisher-name>National Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">26712025</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4720307</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">201510272</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1073/pnas.1510272113</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="hwp-journal-coll"><subject>9</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Biological Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Environmental Sciences</subject></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Social Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Sustainability Science</subject></subj-group></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Rates and drivers of mangrove deforestation in Southeast Asia, 2000–2012</article-title><alt-title alt-title-type="short">Drivers of mangrove loss in Southeast Asia</alt-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Richards</surname><given-names>Daniel R.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>b</sup></xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Friess</surname><given-names>Daniel A.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup></xref></contrib><aff id="aff1"><sup>a</sup>Department of Geography,<institution>National University of Singapore</institution>,<country>Singapore</country> 117570</aff><aff id="aff2"><sup>b</sup>Department of Animal and Plant Sciences,<institution>The University of Sheffield</institution>, Sheffield S10 2AS,<country>United Kingdom</country></aff></contrib-group><author-notes><corresp id="cor1"><sup>1</sup>To whom correspondence should be addressed. Email: <email>d.r.richards@nus.edu.sg</email>.</corresp><fn fn-type="edited-by"><p>Edited by Matthew C. Hansen, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, and accepted by the Editorial Board November 24, 2015 (received for review May 26, 2015)</p></fn><fn fn-type="con"><p>Author contributions: D.R.R. and D.A.F. designed research; D.R.R. performed research; D.R.R. analyzed data; and D.R.R. and D.A.F. wrote the paper.</p></fn></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><day>12</day><month>1</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>12</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>113</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>344</fpage><lpage>349</lpage><permissions></permissions><self-uri xlink:title="pdf" xlink:href="pnas.201510272.pdf"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="executive-summary"><title>Significance</title><p>This study quantifies the proximate drivers (i.e., replacement land uses) of mangrove deforestation across Southeast Asia between 2000 and 2012. Mangrove forests in the region were lost at an average rate of 0.18% per year. Aquaculture was a major pressure on mangrove systems during this period, but its dominance was lower than expected, contrary to popular development narratives. Rice agriculture has been a major driver of mangrove loss in Myanmar, and oil palm expansion is a key but under-recognized threat in Malaysia and Indonesia. The threat of oil palm to mangroves is likely to increase in the future as new frontiers open up in Papua, Indonesia. Future research and policy responses must consider the diversity of drivers of mangrove deforestation.</p></abstract><abstract><p>The mangrove forests of Southeast Asia are highly biodiverse and provide multiple ecosystem services upon which millions of people depend. Mangroves enhance fisheries and coastal protection, and store among the highest densities of carbon of any ecosystem globally. Mangrove forests have experienced extensive deforestation owing to global demand for commodities, and previous studies have identified the expansion of aquaculture as largely responsible. The proportional conversion of mangroves to different land use types has not been systematically quantified across Southeast Asia, however, particularly in recent years. In this study we apply a combined geographic information system and remote sensing method to quantify the key proximate drivers (i.e., replacement land uses) of mangrove deforestation in Southeast Asia between 2000 and 2012. Mangrove forests were lost at an average rate of 0.18% per year, which is lower than previously published estimates. In total, more than 100,000 ha of mangroves were removed during the study period, with aquaculture accounting for 30% of this total forest change. The rapid expansion of rice agriculture in Myanmar, and the sustained conversion of mangroves to oil palm plantations in Malaysia and Indonesia, are identified as additional increasing and under-recognized threats to mangrove ecosystems. Our study highlights frontiers of mangrove deforestation in the border states of Myanmar, on Borneo, and in Indonesian Papua. To implement policies that conserve mangrove forests across Southeast Asia, it is essential to consider the national and subnational variation in the land uses that follow deforestation.</p></abstract><kwd-group><kwd>forest loss</kwd><kwd>aquaculture</kwd><kwd>oil palm</kwd><kwd>Myanmar</kwd><kwd>Indonesia</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group id="gs1"><funding-source id="sp1">Ministry of Education - Singapore (MOE)<named-content content-type="funder-id">501100001459</named-content></funding-source><award-id rid="sp1">R-109-000-147-112</award-id></award-group></funding-group><counts><page-count count="6"></page-count></counts></article-meta></front></pmc><affiliations><list><country><li>Royaume-Uni</li><li>Singapour</li></country></list><tree><country name="Singapour"><noRegion><name sortKey="Richards, Daniel R" sort="Richards, Daniel R" uniqKey="Richards D" first="Daniel R." last="Richards">Daniel R. Richards</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Friess, Daniel A" sort="Friess, Daniel A" uniqKey="Friess D" first="Daniel A." last="Friess">Daniel A. Friess</name></country><country name="Royaume-Uni"><noRegion><name sortKey="Richards, Daniel R" sort="Richards, Daniel R" uniqKey="Richards D" first="Daniel R." last="Richards">Daniel R. Richards</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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