Water hardness and sodium trends in Texas aquifers.
Identifieur interne : 001028 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 001027; suivant : 001029Water hardness and sodium trends in Texas aquifers.
Auteurs : P F Hudak [États-Unis]Source :
- Environmental monitoring and assessment [ 0167-6369 ] ; 2001.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- MESH :
- chemical , analysis : Calcium, Sodium.
- chemical : Aluminum Silicates, Silicon Dioxide.
- geographic : Texas.
- analysis : Seawater, Water Supply.
- chemistry : Fresh Water, Seawater.
- Agriculture, Geologic Sediments.
Abstract
Median hardness and sodium levels in groundwater were calculated for 244 Texas counties from measurements at 7728 water wells. The data were mapped and analyzed with a geographic information system (GIS). County median hardness levels varied widely, from 4-2304 mg L-1. More than 60% of the counties had hardness medians above 180 mg L-1. County medium sodium concentrations ranged from 6-1170 mg L-1, with more than 90% of those values exceeding 20 mg L-1. There was a significant positive correlation between hardness and sodium concentrations in six of Texas' nine major aquifers. A significant negative correlation between hardness and sodium was observed in two aquifers. Several factors control hardness and sodium variations in Texas aquifers including rock/sediment composition, groundwater chemical evolution, and seepage from nearby formations. Probable human controls include agricultural return flow and pumping-induced saltwater intrusion.
PubMed: 11411143
Affiliations:
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Le document en format XML
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