Nesting Habitat of the Lilac‐crowned Parrot in a Modified Landscape in Mexico
Identifieur interne : 001247 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 001246; suivant : 001248Nesting Habitat of the Lilac‐crowned Parrot in a Modified Landscape in Mexico
Auteurs : Tiberio C. Monterrubio-Rico ; Juan Manuel Ortega-Rodríguez ; Ma. Consuelo Marín-Togo ; Alejandro Salinas-Melgoza ; Katherine RentonSource :
- Biotropica [ 0006-3606 ] ; 2009-05.
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- KwdEn :
Abstract
Parrot populations are being increasingly pressured to occupy modified or fragmented landscapes, yet little is known of the habitat requirements of most species, particularly with regard to the effects on breeding habitat. We evaluated nesting habitat of the lilac‐crowned parrot Amazona finschi in the modified landscape of coastal Michoacan in Mexico. We located 90 parrot nests in 12 tree species in Michoacan, with lilac‐crowned parrots presenting a narrow niche‐breadth of tree species used for nesting. Considering an additional 82 nest trees recorded for lilac‐crowned parrots in Jalisco, we determined a 51 percent similarity in cavity resource use by parrots in the two dry forest regions. Overall, the predominant nest tree species with 76 percent of nests were Astronium graveolens, Piranhea mexicana, Brosimum alicastrum, and Tabebuia spp., all characteristic of semi‐deciduous forest. Only 8 percent of nests occurred in trees characteristic of deciduous forest. Parrots utilized large trees with canopy level cavities as nest sites, and preferred conserved semi‐deciduous forest for nesting, with fewer nests than expected in deciduous forest and transformed agricultural land. Nest areas in semi‐deciduous forest occurred on significantly steeper terrain, as remnant semi‐deciduous forest is restricted to steep ridges and canyons. Those parrot nests in modified habitats and forest patches were located near to continuous forest, with nest trees in open agricultural land being significantly closer to continuous forest than nests in disturbed forest patches. These results demonstrate the importance of conserved semi‐deciduous forest as breeding habitat for the threatened, endemic lilac‐crowned parrot, making wild populations of the species vulnerable to the high rate of transformation and fragmentation of tropical dry forest.
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DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-7429.2009.00493.x
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Monterrubio-Rico</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Laboratorio de Conservación y Manejo de Fauna Silvestre, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Michoacan México 58194</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: tiberio@zeus.umich.mx</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ortega Odriguez, Juan Manuel" sort="Ortega Odriguez, Juan Manuel" uniqKey="Ortega Odriguez J" first="Juan Manuel" last="Ortega-Rodríguez">Juan Manuel Ortega-Rodríguez</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Laboratorio de Conservación y Manejo de Fauna Silvestre, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Michoacan México 58194</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Marin Ogo, Ma Consuelo" sort="Marin Ogo, Ma Consuelo" uniqKey="Marin Ogo M" first="Ma. Consuelo" last="Marín-Togo">Ma. Consuelo Marín-Togo</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Laboratorio de Conservación y Manejo de Fauna Silvestre, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Michoacan México 58194</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Salinas Elgoza, Alejandro" sort="Salinas Elgoza, Alejandro" uniqKey="Salinas Elgoza A" first="Alejandro" last="Salinas-Melgoza">Alejandro Salinas-Melgoza</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, U.S.A.</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Renton, Katherine" sort="Renton, Katherine" uniqKey="Renton K" first="Katherine" last="Renton">Katherine Renton</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Estación de Biología Chamela, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 21, Melaque, Jalisco 48980, México</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Biotropica</title><idno type="ISSN">0006-3606</idno><idno type="eISSN">1744-7429</idno><imprint><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Inc</publisher><pubPlace>Malden, USA</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2009-05">2009-05</date><biblScope unit="volume">41</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">3</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="361">361</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="368">368</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0006-3606</idno></series><idno type="istex">54621BB9D10C9A667F075FD4231E5DE59F90A998</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1111/j.1744-7429.2009.00493.x</idno><idno type="ArticleID">BTP493</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0006-3606</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Amazona finschi</term><term>Chamela</term><term>Michoacan</term><term>habitat fragmentation</term><term>nest site characteristics</term><term>secondary cavity‐nesting</term><term>semi‐deciduous forest</term><term>tropical dry forest</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Parrot populations are being increasingly pressured to occupy modified or fragmented landscapes, yet little is known of the habitat requirements of most species, particularly with regard to the effects on breeding habitat. We evaluated nesting habitat of the lilac‐crowned parrot Amazona finschi in the modified landscape of coastal Michoacan in Mexico. We located 90 parrot nests in 12 tree species in Michoacan, with lilac‐crowned parrots presenting a narrow niche‐breadth of tree species used for nesting. Considering an additional 82 nest trees recorded for lilac‐crowned parrots in Jalisco, we determined a 51 percent similarity in cavity resource use by parrots in the two dry forest regions. Overall, the predominant nest tree species with 76 percent of nests were Astronium graveolens, Piranhea mexicana, Brosimum alicastrum, and Tabebuia spp., all characteristic of semi‐deciduous forest. Only 8 percent of nests occurred in trees characteristic of deciduous forest. Parrots utilized large trees with canopy level cavities as nest sites, and preferred conserved semi‐deciduous forest for nesting, with fewer nests than expected in deciduous forest and transformed agricultural land. Nest areas in semi‐deciduous forest occurred on significantly steeper terrain, as remnant semi‐deciduous forest is restricted to steep ridges and canyons. Those parrot nests in modified habitats and forest patches were located near to continuous forest, with nest trees in open agricultural land being significantly closer to continuous forest than nests in disturbed forest patches. These results demonstrate the importance of conserved semi‐deciduous forest as breeding habitat for the threatened, endemic lilac‐crowned parrot, making wild populations of the species vulnerable to the high rate of transformation and fragmentation of tropical dry forest.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>wiley</corpusName><author><json:item><name>Tiberio C. Monterrubio‐Rico</name><affiliations><json:string>Laboratorio de Conservación y Manejo de Fauna Silvestre, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Michoacan México 58194</json:string><json:string>E-mail: tiberio@zeus.umich.mx</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Juan Manuel Ortega‐Rodríguez</name><affiliations><json:string>Laboratorio de Conservación y Manejo de Fauna Silvestre, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Michoacan México 58194</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Ma. Consuelo Marín‐Togo</name><affiliations><json:string>Laboratorio de Conservación y Manejo de Fauna Silvestre, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Michoacan México 58194</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Alejandro Salinas‐Melgoza</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, U.S.A.</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Katherine Renton</name><affiliations><json:string>Estación de Biología Chamela, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 21, Melaque, Jalisco 48980, México</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Amazona finschi</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Chamela</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>habitat fragmentation</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Michoacan</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>nest site characteristics</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>secondary cavity‐nesting</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>semi‐deciduous forest</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>tropical dry forest</value></json:item></subject><articleId><json:string>BTP493</json:string></articleId><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>Parrot populations are being increasingly pressured to occupy modified or fragmented landscapes, yet little is known of the habitat requirements of most species, particularly with regard to the effects on breeding habitat. We evaluated nesting habitat of the lilac‐crowned parrot Amazona finschi in the modified landscape of coastal Michoacan in Mexico. We located 90 parrot nests in 12 tree species in Michoacan, with lilac‐crowned parrots presenting a narrow niche‐breadth of tree species used for nesting. Considering an additional 82 nest trees recorded for lilac‐crowned parrots in Jalisco, we determined a 51 percent similarity in cavity resource use by parrots in the two dry forest regions. Overall, the predominant nest tree species with 76 percent of nests were Astronium graveolens, Piranhea mexicana, Brosimum alicastrum, and Tabebuia spp., all characteristic of semi‐deciduous forest. Only 8 percent of nests occurred in trees characteristic of deciduous forest. Parrots utilized large trees with canopy level cavities as nest sites, and preferred conserved semi‐deciduous forest for nesting, with fewer nests than expected in deciduous forest and transformed agricultural land. Nest areas in semi‐deciduous forest occurred on significantly steeper terrain, as remnant semi‐deciduous forest is restricted to steep ridges and canyons. Those parrot nests in modified habitats and forest patches were located near to continuous forest, with nest trees in open agricultural land being significantly closer to continuous forest than nests in disturbed forest patches. These results demonstrate the importance of conserved semi‐deciduous forest as breeding habitat for the threatened, endemic lilac‐crowned parrot, making wild populations of the species vulnerable to the high rate of transformation and fragmentation of tropical dry forest.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>8.5</score><pdfVersion>1.4</pdfVersion><pdfPageSize>594 x 783 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><abstractCharCount>1848</abstractCharCount><pdfWordCount>5152</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>32357</pdfCharCount><pdfPageCount>8</pdfPageCount><abstractWordCount>265</abstractWordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Nesting Habitat of the Lilac‐crowned Parrot in a Modified Landscape in Mexico</title><genre><json:string>article</json:string></genre><host><volume>41</volume><publisherId><json:string>BTP</json:string></publisherId><pages><total>8</total><last>368</last><first>361</first></pages><issn><json:string>0006-3606</json:string></issn><issue>3</issue><genre><json:string>journal</json:string></genre><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><eissn><json:string>1744-7429</json:string></eissn><title>Biotropica</title><doi><json:string>10.1111/(ISSN)1744-7429</json:string></doi></host><categories><wos><json:string>science</json:string><json:string>ecology</json:string></wos><scienceMetrix><json:string>natural sciences</json:string><json:string>biology</json:string><json:string>ecology</json:string></scienceMetrix></categories><publicationDate>2009</publicationDate><copyrightDate>2009</copyrightDate><doi><json:string>10.1111/j.1744-7429.2009.00493.x</json:string></doi><id>54621BB9D10C9A667F075FD4231E5DE59F90A998</id><score>0.041057356</score><fulltext><json:item><extension>pdf</extension><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/54621BB9D10C9A667F075FD4231E5DE59F90A998/fulltext/pdf</uri></json:item><json:item><extension>zip</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>application/zip</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/54621BB9D10C9A667F075FD4231E5DE59F90A998/fulltext/zip</uri></json:item><istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/54621BB9D10C9A667F075FD4231E5DE59F90A998/fulltext/tei"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Nesting Habitat of the Lilac‐crowned Parrot in a Modified Landscape in Mexico</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Inc</publisher><pubPlace>Malden, USA</pubPlace><availability><p>© 2009 The Author(s) Journal compilation © 2009 by The Association for Tropical Biology and Conservation</p></availability><date>2009</date></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="inbook"><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Nesting Habitat of the Lilac‐crowned Parrot in a Modified Landscape in Mexico</title><author xml:id="author-1"><persName><forename type="first">Tiberio C.</forename><surname>Monterrubio‐Rico</surname></persName><email>tiberio@zeus.umich.mx</email><affiliation>Laboratorio de Conservación y Manejo de Fauna Silvestre, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Michoacan México 58194</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-2"><persName><forename type="first">Juan Manuel</forename><surname>Ortega‐Rodríguez</surname></persName><affiliation>Laboratorio de Conservación y Manejo de Fauna Silvestre, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Michoacan México 58194</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-3"><persName><forename type="first">Ma. Consuelo</forename><surname>Marín‐Togo</surname></persName><affiliation>Laboratorio de Conservación y Manejo de Fauna Silvestre, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Michoacan México 58194</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-4"><persName><forename type="first">Alejandro</forename><surname>Salinas‐Melgoza</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, U.S.A.</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-5"><persName><forename type="first">Katherine</forename><surname>Renton</surname></persName><affiliation>Estación de Biología Chamela, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 21, Melaque, Jalisco 48980, México</affiliation></author></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Biotropica</title><idno type="pISSN">0006-3606</idno><idno type="eISSN">1744-7429</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1744-7429</idno><imprint><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Inc</publisher><pubPlace>Malden, USA</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2009-05"></date><biblScope unit="volume">41</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">3</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="361">361</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="368">368</biblScope></imprint></monogr><idno type="istex">54621BB9D10C9A667F075FD4231E5DE59F90A998</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1111/j.1744-7429.2009.00493.x</idno><idno type="ArticleID">BTP493</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>2009</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Parrot populations are being increasingly pressured to occupy modified or fragmented landscapes, yet little is known of the habitat requirements of most species, particularly with regard to the effects on breeding habitat. We evaluated nesting habitat of the lilac‐crowned parrot Amazona finschi in the modified landscape of coastal Michoacan in Mexico. We located 90 parrot nests in 12 tree species in Michoacan, with lilac‐crowned parrots presenting a narrow niche‐breadth of tree species used for nesting. Considering an additional 82 nest trees recorded for lilac‐crowned parrots in Jalisco, we determined a 51 percent similarity in cavity resource use by parrots in the two dry forest regions. Overall, the predominant nest tree species with 76 percent of nests were Astronium graveolens, Piranhea mexicana, Brosimum alicastrum, and Tabebuia spp., all characteristic of semi‐deciduous forest. Only 8 percent of nests occurred in trees characteristic of deciduous forest. Parrots utilized large trees with canopy level cavities as nest sites, and preferred conserved semi‐deciduous forest for nesting, with fewer nests than expected in deciduous forest and transformed agricultural land. Nest areas in semi‐deciduous forest occurred on significantly steeper terrain, as remnant semi‐deciduous forest is restricted to steep ridges and canyons. Those parrot nests in modified habitats and forest patches were located near to continuous forest, with nest trees in open agricultural land being significantly closer to continuous forest than nests in disturbed forest patches. These results demonstrate the importance of conserved semi‐deciduous forest as breeding habitat for the threatened, endemic lilac‐crowned parrot, making wild populations of the species vulnerable to the high rate of transformation and fragmentation of tropical dry forest.</p></abstract><abstract xml:lang="es"><p>Las poblaciones de Psitácidos están siendo presionadas a ocupar paisajes modificados, sin embargo poco se conoce sobre los requerimientos de hábitat para la mayoría de las especies, particularmente con respecto a los efectos sobre sus hábitats de anidación. Evaluamos el hábitat de anidación del loro corona lila (Amazona finschi) en el paisaje modificado de la costa de Michoacán en México. Localizamos 90 sitios de anidación en 12 especies de árboles en Michoacan, encontrando que el loro corona lila presentó una estrecha amplitud de nicho en el uso de especies de árboles para anidar. Considerando un adicional 82 árboles‐nido del loro corona lila en Jalisco, determinamos un 51% de similitud en utilización del recurso de cavidades por los loros en los dos regiones de bosque seco. Los árboles claves, con 76% de los nidos, fueron Astronium graveolens, Piranhea mexicana, Brosimum alicastrum, y Tabebuia spp., todos característicos del bosque subcaducifolio. Solo 8% de los nidos se encontraron en arboles características del bosque caducifolio. Los loros utilizaron árboles grandes con cavidades en el dosel como sitios de anidación, y prefirieron el bosque subcaducifolio conservado para anidar, con un menor número de nidos que lo esperado en el bosque caducifolio y tierras agropecuarias. Las áreas de anidación en bosque subcaducifolio ocurrieron sobre pendientes significativamente más inclinadas, ya que los remanentes de este tipo de vegetación están actualmente restringidos a pendientes inclinadas y cañadas. Aquellos nidos en hábitats modificados y parches pequeños de vegetación se localizaron cerca de áreas de bosque continuo, con los árboles‐nido que ocurrieron en terrenos agropecuarios significativamente más cerca de los bosques continuos, que los que ocurrieron en fragmentos de bosques perturbados. Estos resultados destacan la importancia del bosque subcaducifolio conservado como hábitat de anidación para esta especie de loro endémico y amenazado, haciendo a sus poblaciones silvestres vulnerables al alto nivel de transformación y fragmentación del bosque tropical seco.</p></abstract><textClass xml:lang="en"><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><head>keywords</head><item><term>Amazona finschi</term></item><item><term>Chamela</term></item><item><term>habitat fragmentation</term></item><item><term>Michoacan</term></item><item><term>nest site characteristics</term></item><item><term>secondary cavity‐nesting</term></item><item><term>semi‐deciduous forest</term></item><item><term>tropical dry forest</term></item></list></keywords></textClass></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="2009-05">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/54621BB9D10C9A667F075FD4231E5DE59F90A998/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Wiley, elements deleted: body"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:document><component version="2.0" type="serialArticle" xml:lang="en"><header><publicationMeta level="product"><publisherInfo><publisherName>Blackwell Publishing Inc</publisherName><publisherLoc>Malden, USA</publisherLoc></publisherInfo><doi origin="wiley" registered="yes">10.1111/(ISSN)1744-7429</doi><issn type="print">0006-3606</issn><issn type="electronic">1744-7429</issn><idGroup><id type="product" value="BTP"></id><id type="publisherDivision" value="ST"></id></idGroup><titleGroup><title type="main" sort="BIOTROPICA">Biotropica</title></titleGroup></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="part" position="05003"><doi origin="wiley">10.1111/btp.2009.41.issue-3</doi><numberingGroup><numbering type="journalVolume" number="41">41</numbering><numbering type="journalIssue" number="3">3</numbering></numberingGroup><coverDate startDate="2009-05">May 2009</coverDate></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="unit" type="article" position="13" status="forIssue"><doi origin="wiley">10.1111/j.1744-7429.2009.00493.x</doi><idGroup><id type="unit" value="BTP493"></id></idGroup><countGroup><count type="pageTotal" number="8"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="tocHeading1">PAPERS</title><title type="tocHeading2">Tropical Biology</title></titleGroup><copyright>© 2009 The Author(s) Journal compilation © 2009 by The Association for Tropical Biology and Conservation</copyright><eventGroup><event type="firstOnline" date="2009-02-10"></event><event type="publishedOnlineFinalForm" date="2009-04-22"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:BPG_TO_WML3G version:2.3.6 mode:FullText source:FullText result:FullText" date="2010-04-20"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WILEY_ML3G_TO_WILEY_ML3GV2 version:3.8.8" date="2014-01-08"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WML3G_To_WML3G version:4.1.7 mode:FullText,remove_FC" date="2014-10-15"></event></eventGroup><numberingGroup><numbering type="pageFirst" number="361">361</numbering><numbering type="pageLast" number="368">368</numbering></numberingGroup><correspondenceTo> Corresponding author; e‐mail: <email>tiberio@zeus.umich.mx</email>; <email>tmonter2002@yahoo.com.mx</email></correspondenceTo><linkGroup><link type="toTypesetVersion" href="file:BTP.BTP493.pdf"></link></linkGroup></publicationMeta><contentMeta><unparsedEditorialHistory>Received 19 April 2008; revision accepted 24 October 2008.</unparsedEditorialHistory><countGroup><count type="figureTotal" number="2"></count><count type="tableTotal" number="2"></count><count type="formulaTotal" number="0"></count><count type="referenceTotal" number="45"></count><count type="linksCrossRef" number="97"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="main">Nesting Habitat of the Lilac‐crowned Parrot in a Modified Landscape in Mexico</title><title type="shortAuthors">Monterrubio‐Rico <i>et al</i>.</title><title type="short">Lilac‐crowned Parrot Nesting in Modified Landscape</title></titleGroup><creators><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr1" affiliationRef="#a1" corresponding="yes"><personName><givenNames>Tiberio C.</givenNames><familyName>Monterrubio‐Rico</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr2" affiliationRef="#a1"><personName><givenNames>Juan Manuel</givenNames><familyName>Ortega‐Rodríguez</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr3" affiliationRef="#a1"><personName><givenNames>Ma. Consuelo</givenNames><familyName>Marín‐Togo</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr4" affiliationRef="#a2"><personName><givenNames>Alejandro</givenNames><familyName>Salinas‐Melgoza</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr5" affiliationRef="#a3"><personName><givenNames>Katherine</givenNames><familyName>Renton</familyName></personName></creator></creators><affiliationGroup><affiliation xml:id="a1"><unparsedAffiliation>Laboratorio de Conservación y Manejo de Fauna Silvestre, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Michoacan México 58194</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="a2" countryCode="US"><unparsedAffiliation>Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, U.S.A.</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="a3"><unparsedAffiliation>Estación de Biología Chamela, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 21, Melaque, Jalisco 48980, México</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation></affiliationGroup><keywordGroup xml:lang="en"><keyword xml:id="k1"><i>Amazona finschi</i></keyword><keyword xml:id="k2">Chamela</keyword><keyword xml:id="k3">habitat fragmentation</keyword><keyword xml:id="k4">Michoacan</keyword><keyword xml:id="k5">nest site characteristics</keyword><keyword xml:id="k6">secondary cavity‐nesting</keyword><keyword xml:id="k7">semi‐deciduous forest</keyword><keyword xml:id="k8">tropical dry forest</keyword></keywordGroup><abstractGroup><abstract type="main" xml:lang="en"><title type="main">ABSTRACT</title><p>Parrot populations are being increasingly pressured to occupy modified or fragmented landscapes, yet little is known of the habitat requirements of most species, particularly with regard to the effects on breeding habitat. We evaluated nesting habitat of the lilac‐crowned parrot <i>Amazona finschi</i> in the modified landscape of coastal Michoacan in Mexico. We located 90 parrot nests in 12 tree species in Michoacan, with lilac‐crowned parrots presenting a narrow niche‐breadth of tree species used for nesting. Considering an additional 82 nest trees recorded for lilac‐crowned parrots in Jalisco, we determined a 51 percent similarity in cavity resource use by parrots in the two dry forest regions. Overall, the predominant nest tree species with 76 percent of nests were <i>Astronium graveolens</i>, <i>Piranhea mexicana</i>, <i>Brosimum alicastrum</i>, and <i>Tabebuia</i> spp., all characteristic of semi‐deciduous forest. Only 8 percent of nests occurred in trees characteristic of deciduous forest. Parrots utilized large trees with canopy level cavities as nest sites, and preferred conserved semi‐deciduous forest for nesting, with fewer nests than expected in deciduous forest and transformed agricultural land. Nest areas in semi‐deciduous forest occurred on significantly steeper terrain, as remnant semi‐deciduous forest is restricted to steep ridges and canyons. Those parrot nests in modified habitats and forest patches were located near to continuous forest, with nest trees in open agricultural land being significantly closer to continuous forest than nests in disturbed forest patches. These results demonstrate the importance of conserved semi‐deciduous forest as breeding habitat for the threatened, endemic lilac‐crowned parrot, making wild populations of the species vulnerable to the high rate of transformation and fragmentation of tropical dry forest.</p></abstract><abstract type="main" xml:lang="es"><title type="main">RESUMEN</title><p>Las poblaciones de Psitácidos están siendo presionadas a ocupar paisajes modificados, sin embargo poco se conoce sobre los requerimientos de hábitat para la mayoría de las especies, particularmente con respecto a los efectos sobre sus hábitats de anidación. Evaluamos el hábitat de anidación del loro corona lila (<i>Amazona finschi</i>) en el paisaje modificado de la costa de Michoacán en México. Localizamos 90 sitios de anidación en 12 especies de árboles en Michoacan, encontrando que el loro corona lila presentó una estrecha amplitud de nicho en el uso de especies de árboles para anidar. Considerando un adicional 82 árboles‐nido del loro corona lila en Jalisco, determinamos un 51% de similitud en utilización del recurso de cavidades por los loros en los dos regiones de bosque seco. Los árboles claves, con 76% de los nidos, fueron <i>Astronium graveolens</i>, <i>Piranhea mexicana</i>, <i>Brosimum alicastrum</i>, y <i>Tabebuia</i> spp., todos característicos del bosque subcaducifolio. Solo 8% de los nidos se encontraron en arboles características del bosque caducifolio. Los loros utilizaron árboles grandes con cavidades en el dosel como sitios de anidación, y prefirieron el bosque subcaducifolio conservado para anidar, con un menor número de nidos que lo esperado en el bosque caducifolio y tierras agropecuarias. Las áreas de anidación en bosque subcaducifolio ocurrieron sobre pendientes significativamente más inclinadas, ya que los remanentes de este tipo de vegetación están actualmente restringidos a pendientes inclinadas y cañadas. Aquellos nidos en hábitats modificados y parches pequeños de vegetación se localizaron cerca de áreas de bosque continuo, con los árboles‐nido que ocurrieron en terrenos agropecuarios significativamente más cerca de los bosques continuos, que los que ocurrieron en fragmentos de bosques perturbados. Estos resultados destacan la importancia del bosque subcaducifolio conservado como hábitat de anidación para esta especie de loro endémico y amenazado, haciendo a sus poblaciones silvestres vulnerables al alto nivel de transformación y fragmentación del bosque tropical seco.</p></abstract></abstractGroup></contentMeta></header></component></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Nesting Habitat of the Lilac‐crowned Parrot in a Modified Landscape in Mexico</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated" lang="en"><title>Lilac‐crowned Parrot Nesting in Modified Landscape</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>Nesting Habitat of the Lilac‐crowned Parrot in a Modified Landscape in Mexico</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Tiberio C.</namePart><namePart type="family">Monterrubio‐Rico</namePart><affiliation>Laboratorio de Conservación y Manejo de Fauna Silvestre, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Michoacan México 58194</affiliation><affiliation>E-mail: tiberio@zeus.umich.mx</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Juan Manuel</namePart><namePart type="family">Ortega‐Rodríguez</namePart><affiliation>Laboratorio de Conservación y Manejo de Fauna Silvestre, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Michoacan México 58194</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Ma. Consuelo</namePart><namePart type="family">Marín‐Togo</namePart><affiliation>Laboratorio de Conservación y Manejo de Fauna Silvestre, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Michoacan México 58194</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Alejandro</namePart><namePart type="family">Salinas‐Melgoza</namePart><affiliation>Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, U.S.A.</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Katherine</namePart><namePart type="family">Renton</namePart><affiliation>Estación de Biología Chamela, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 21, Melaque, Jalisco 48980, México</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="article" displayLabel="article"></genre><originInfo><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Inc</publisher><place><placeTerm type="text">Malden, USA</placeTerm></place><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2009-05</dateIssued><edition>Received 19 April 2008; revision accepted 24 October 2008.</edition><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2009</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType><extent unit="figures">2</extent><extent unit="tables">2</extent><extent unit="references">45</extent></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">Parrot populations are being increasingly pressured to occupy modified or fragmented landscapes, yet little is known of the habitat requirements of most species, particularly with regard to the effects on breeding habitat. We evaluated nesting habitat of the lilac‐crowned parrot Amazona finschi in the modified landscape of coastal Michoacan in Mexico. We located 90 parrot nests in 12 tree species in Michoacan, with lilac‐crowned parrots presenting a narrow niche‐breadth of tree species used for nesting. Considering an additional 82 nest trees recorded for lilac‐crowned parrots in Jalisco, we determined a 51 percent similarity in cavity resource use by parrots in the two dry forest regions. Overall, the predominant nest tree species with 76 percent of nests were Astronium graveolens, Piranhea mexicana, Brosimum alicastrum, and Tabebuia spp., all characteristic of semi‐deciduous forest. Only 8 percent of nests occurred in trees characteristic of deciduous forest. Parrots utilized large trees with canopy level cavities as nest sites, and preferred conserved semi‐deciduous forest for nesting, with fewer nests than expected in deciduous forest and transformed agricultural land. Nest areas in semi‐deciduous forest occurred on significantly steeper terrain, as remnant semi‐deciduous forest is restricted to steep ridges and canyons. Those parrot nests in modified habitats and forest patches were located near to continuous forest, with nest trees in open agricultural land being significantly closer to continuous forest than nests in disturbed forest patches. These results demonstrate the importance of conserved semi‐deciduous forest as breeding habitat for the threatened, endemic lilac‐crowned parrot, making wild populations of the species vulnerable to the high rate of transformation and fragmentation of tropical dry forest.</abstract><abstract lang="es">Las poblaciones de Psitácidos están siendo presionadas a ocupar paisajes modificados, sin embargo poco se conoce sobre los requerimientos de hábitat para la mayoría de las especies, particularmente con respecto a los efectos sobre sus hábitats de anidación. Evaluamos el hábitat de anidación del loro corona lila (Amazona finschi) en el paisaje modificado de la costa de Michoacán en México. Localizamos 90 sitios de anidación en 12 especies de árboles en Michoacan, encontrando que el loro corona lila presentó una estrecha amplitud de nicho en el uso de especies de árboles para anidar. Considerando un adicional 82 árboles‐nido del loro corona lila en Jalisco, determinamos un 51% de similitud en utilización del recurso de cavidades por los loros en los dos regiones de bosque seco. Los árboles claves, con 76% de los nidos, fueron Astronium graveolens, Piranhea mexicana, Brosimum alicastrum, y Tabebuia spp., todos característicos del bosque subcaducifolio. Solo 8% de los nidos se encontraron en arboles características del bosque caducifolio. Los loros utilizaron árboles grandes con cavidades en el dosel como sitios de anidación, y prefirieron el bosque subcaducifolio conservado para anidar, con un menor número de nidos que lo esperado en el bosque caducifolio y tierras agropecuarias. Las áreas de anidación en bosque subcaducifolio ocurrieron sobre pendientes significativamente más inclinadas, ya que los remanentes de este tipo de vegetación están actualmente restringidos a pendientes inclinadas y cañadas. Aquellos nidos en hábitats modificados y parches pequeños de vegetación se localizaron cerca de áreas de bosque continuo, con los árboles‐nido que ocurrieron en terrenos agropecuarios significativamente más cerca de los bosques continuos, que los que ocurrieron en fragmentos de bosques perturbados. Estos resultados destacan la importancia del bosque subcaducifolio conservado como hábitat de anidación para esta especie de loro endémico y amenazado, haciendo a sus poblaciones silvestres vulnerables al alto nivel de transformación y fragmentación del bosque tropical seco.</abstract><subject lang="en"><genre>keywords</genre><topic>Amazona finschi</topic><topic>Chamela</topic><topic>habitat fragmentation</topic><topic>Michoacan</topic><topic>nest site characteristics</topic><topic>secondary cavity‐nesting</topic><topic>semi‐deciduous forest</topic><topic>tropical dry forest</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Biotropica</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal">journal</genre><identifier type="ISSN">0006-3606</identifier><identifier type="eISSN">1744-7429</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1744-7429</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID">BTP</identifier><part><date>2009</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>41</number></detail><detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption><number>3</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>361</start><end>368</end><total>8</total></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">54621BB9D10C9A667F075FD4231E5DE59F90A998</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1111/j.1744-7429.2009.00493.x</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">BTP493</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">© 2009 The Author(s) Journal compilation © 2009 by The Association for Tropical Biology and Conservation</accessCondition><recordInfo><recordContentSource>WILEY</recordContentSource><recordOrigin>Blackwell Publishing Inc</recordOrigin></recordInfo></mods></metadata><serie></serie></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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