NUTRIENTS DISCHARGED TO THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER FROM EASTERN IOWA WATERSHEDS, 1996.1997
Identifieur interne : 001243 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 001242; suivant : 001244NUTRIENTS DISCHARGED TO THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER FROM EASTERN IOWA WATERSHEDS, 1996.1997
Auteurs : Kent D. Becher ; Douglas J. Schnoebelen ; Kimberlee K B. AkersSource :
- JAWRA Journal of the American Water Resources Association [ 1093-474X ] ; 2000-02.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
Abstract
ABSTRACT: The introduction of nutrients from chemical fertilizer, animal manure, wastewater, and atmospheric deposition to the eastern Iowa environment creates a large potential for nutrient transport in watersheds. Agriculture constitutes 93 percent of all land use in eastern Iowa. As part of the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Assessment Program, water samples were collected (typically monthly) from six small and six large watersheds in eastern Iowa between March 1996 and September 1997. A Geographic Information System (GIS) was used to determine land use and quantify inputs of nitrogen and phosphorus within the study area. Streamliow from the watersheds is to the Mississippi River. Chemical fertilizer and animal manure account for 92 percent of the estimated total nitrogen and 99.9 percent of the estimated total phosphorus input in the study area. Total nitrogen and total phosphorus loads for 1996 were estimated for nine of the 12 rivers and creeks using a minimum variance unbiased estimator model. A seasonal pattern of concentrations and loads was observed. The greatest concentrations and loads occur in the late spring to early summer in conjunction with row‐crop fertilizer applications and spring nmoff and again in the late fall to early winter as vegetation goes into dormancy and additional fertilizer is applied to row‐crop fields. The three largest rivers in eastern Iowa transported an estimated total of 79,000 metric tons of total nitrogen and 6,800 metric tons of total phosphorus to the Mississippi River in 1996. The estimated mass of total nitrogen and total phosphorus transported to the Mississippi River represents about 19 percent of all estimated nitrogen and 9 percent of all estimated phosphorus input to the study area.
Url:
DOI: 10.1111/j.1752-1688.2000.tb04257.x
Links to Exploration step
ISTEX:C31BF760991C3B438AA260121F56DDDBAA623AD4Le document en format XML
<record><TEI wicri:istexFullTextTei="biblStruct"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">NUTRIENTS DISCHARGED TO THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER FROM EASTERN IOWA WATERSHEDS, 1996.1997</title><author><name sortKey="Becher, Kent D" sort="Becher, Kent D" uniqKey="Becher K" first="Kent D." last="Becher">Kent D. Becher</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Hydrologists, U.S. Geological Survey, 400 South Clinton, Iowa City, Iowa 52240 (E‐Mail/Becker: kdbecher@usgs.gov).</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schnoebelen, Douglas J" sort="Schnoebelen, Douglas J" uniqKey="Schnoebelen D" first="Douglas J." last="Schnoebelen">Douglas J. Schnoebelen</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Hydrologists, U.S. Geological Survey, 400 South Clinton, Iowa City, Iowa 52240 (E‐Mail/Becker: kdbecher@usgs.gov).</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Akers, Kimberlee K B" sort="Akers, Kimberlee K B" uniqKey="Akers K" first="Kimberlee K B." last="Akers">Kimberlee K B. Akers</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Hydrologists, U.S. Geological Survey, 400 South Clinton, Iowa City, Iowa 52240 (E‐Mail/Becker: kdbecher@usgs.gov).</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno><idno type="RBID">ISTEX:C31BF760991C3B438AA260121F56DDDBAA623AD4</idno><date when="2000" year="2000">2000</date><idno type="doi">10.1111/j.1752-1688.2000.tb04257.x</idno><idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/document/C31BF760991C3B438AA260121F56DDDBAA623AD4/fulltext/pdf</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Corpus">001243</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Istex" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="ISTEX">001243</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">NUTRIENTS DISCHARGED TO THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER FROM EASTERN IOWA WATERSHEDS, 1996.1997</title><author><name sortKey="Becher, Kent D" sort="Becher, Kent D" uniqKey="Becher K" first="Kent D." last="Becher">Kent D. Becher</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Hydrologists, U.S. Geological Survey, 400 South Clinton, Iowa City, Iowa 52240 (E‐Mail/Becker: kdbecher@usgs.gov).</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schnoebelen, Douglas J" sort="Schnoebelen, Douglas J" uniqKey="Schnoebelen D" first="Douglas J." last="Schnoebelen">Douglas J. Schnoebelen</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Hydrologists, U.S. Geological Survey, 400 South Clinton, Iowa City, Iowa 52240 (E‐Mail/Becker: kdbecher@usgs.gov).</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Akers, Kimberlee K B" sort="Akers, Kimberlee K B" uniqKey="Akers K" first="Kimberlee K B." last="Akers">Kimberlee K B. Akers</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Hydrologists, U.S. Geological Survey, 400 South Clinton, Iowa City, Iowa 52240 (E‐Mail/Becker: kdbecher@usgs.gov).</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">JAWRA Journal of the American Water Resources Association</title><idno type="ISSN">1093-474X</idno><idno type="eISSN">1752-1688</idno><imprint><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><pubPlace>Oxford, UK</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2000-02">2000-02</date><biblScope unit="volume">36</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">1</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="161">161</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="173">173</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">1093-474X</idno></series><idno type="istex">C31BF760991C3B438AA260121F56DDDBAA623AD4</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1111/j.1752-1688.2000.tb04257.x</idno><idno type="ArticleID">JAWR161</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">1093-474X</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>loads</term><term>nitrogen</term><term>nutrients</term><term>phosphorus</term><term>water quality</term><term>yields</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract">ABSTRACT: The introduction of nutrients from chemical fertilizer, animal manure, wastewater, and atmospheric deposition to the eastern Iowa environment creates a large potential for nutrient transport in watersheds. Agriculture constitutes 93 percent of all land use in eastern Iowa. As part of the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Assessment Program, water samples were collected (typically monthly) from six small and six large watersheds in eastern Iowa between March 1996 and September 1997. A Geographic Information System (GIS) was used to determine land use and quantify inputs of nitrogen and phosphorus within the study area. Streamliow from the watersheds is to the Mississippi River. Chemical fertilizer and animal manure account for 92 percent of the estimated total nitrogen and 99.9 percent of the estimated total phosphorus input in the study area. Total nitrogen and total phosphorus loads for 1996 were estimated for nine of the 12 rivers and creeks using a minimum variance unbiased estimator model. A seasonal pattern of concentrations and loads was observed. The greatest concentrations and loads occur in the late spring to early summer in conjunction with row‐crop fertilizer applications and spring nmoff and again in the late fall to early winter as vegetation goes into dormancy and additional fertilizer is applied to row‐crop fields. The three largest rivers in eastern Iowa transported an estimated total of 79,000 metric tons of total nitrogen and 6,800 metric tons of total phosphorus to the Mississippi River in 1996. The estimated mass of total nitrogen and total phosphorus transported to the Mississippi River represents about 19 percent of all estimated nitrogen and 9 percent of all estimated phosphorus input to the study area.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>wiley</corpusName><author><json:item><name>Kent D. Becher</name><affiliations><json:string>Hydrologists, U.S. Geological Survey, 400 South Clinton, Iowa City, Iowa 52240 (E‐Mail/Becker: kdbecher@usgs.gov).</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Douglas J. Schnoebelen</name><affiliations><json:string>Hydrologists, U.S. Geological Survey, 400 South Clinton, Iowa City, Iowa 52240 (E‐Mail/Becker: kdbecher@usgs.gov).</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Kimberlee K B. Akers</name><affiliations><json:string>Hydrologists, U.S. Geological Survey, 400 South Clinton, Iowa City, Iowa 52240 (E‐Mail/Becker: kdbecher@usgs.gov).</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>nutrients</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>nitrogen</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>phosphorus</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>loads</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>yields</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>water quality</value></json:item></subject><articleId><json:string>JAWR161</json:string></articleId><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>ABSTRACT: The introduction of nutrients from chemical fertilizer, animal manure, wastewater, and atmospheric deposition to the eastern Iowa environment creates a large potential for nutrient transport in watersheds. Agriculture constitutes 93 percent of all land use in eastern Iowa. As part of the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Assessment Program, water samples were collected (typically monthly) from six small and six large watersheds in eastern Iowa between March 1996 and September 1997. A Geographic Information System (GIS) was used to determine land use and quantify inputs of nitrogen and phosphorus within the study area. Streamliow from the watersheds is to the Mississippi River. Chemical fertilizer and animal manure account for 92 percent of the estimated total nitrogen and 99.9 percent of the estimated total phosphorus input in the study area. Total nitrogen and total phosphorus loads for 1996 were estimated for nine of the 12 rivers and creeks using a minimum variance unbiased estimator model. A seasonal pattern of concentrations and loads was observed. The greatest concentrations and loads occur in the late spring to early summer in conjunction with row‐crop fertilizer applications and spring nmoff and again in the late fall to early winter as vegetation goes into dormancy and additional fertilizer is applied to row‐crop fields. The three largest rivers in eastern Iowa transported an estimated total of 79,000 metric tons of total nitrogen and 6,800 metric tons of total phosphorus to the Mississippi River in 1996. The estimated mass of total nitrogen and total phosphorus transported to the Mississippi River represents about 19 percent of all estimated nitrogen and 9 percent of all estimated phosphorus input to the study area.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>8.5</score><pdfVersion>1.4</pdfVersion><pdfPageSize>597.84 x 788.64 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><abstractCharCount>1777</abstractCharCount><pdfWordCount>5721</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>37226</pdfCharCount><pdfPageCount>13</pdfPageCount><abstractWordCount>274</abstractWordCount></qualityIndicators><title>NUTRIENTS DISCHARGED TO THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER FROM EASTERN IOWA WATERSHEDS, 1996.1997</title><genre><json:string>article</json:string></genre><host><volume>36</volume><publisherId><json:string>JAWR</json:string></publisherId><pages><total>13</total><last>173</last><first>161</first></pages><issn><json:string>1093-474X</json:string></issn><issue>1</issue><genre><json:string>journal</json:string></genre><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><eissn><json:string>1752-1688</json:string></eissn><title>JAWRA Journal of the American Water Resources Association</title><doi><json:string>10.1111/(ISSN)1752-1688</json:string></doi></host><categories><wos><json:string>science</json:string><json:string>water resources</json:string><json:string>geosciences, multidisciplinary</json:string><json:string>engineering, environmental</json:string></wos><scienceMetrix><json:string>applied sciences</json:string><json:string>engineering</json:string><json:string>environmental engineering</json:string></scienceMetrix></categories><publicationDate>2000</publicationDate><copyrightDate>2000</copyrightDate><doi><json:string>10.1111/j.1752-1688.2000.tb04257.x</json:string></doi><id>C31BF760991C3B438AA260121F56DDDBAA623AD4</id><score>0.041990623</score><fulltext><json:item><extension>pdf</extension><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/C31BF760991C3B438AA260121F56DDDBAA623AD4/fulltext/pdf</uri></json:item><json:item><extension>zip</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>application/zip</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/C31BF760991C3B438AA260121F56DDDBAA623AD4/fulltext/zip</uri></json:item><istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/C31BF760991C3B438AA260121F56DDDBAA623AD4/fulltext/tei"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">NUTRIENTS DISCHARGED TO THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER FROM EASTERN IOWA WATERSHEDS, 1996.1997</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><pubPlace>Oxford, UK</pubPlace><availability><p>WILEY</p></availability><date>2000</date></publicationStmt><notesStmt><note type="content">*Paper No. 98147 of the Journal of the American Water Resources Association.Discussions are open until October 1, 2000.</note></notesStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="inbook"><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">NUTRIENTS DISCHARGED TO THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER FROM EASTERN IOWA WATERSHEDS, 1996.1997</title><author xml:id="author-1"><persName><forename type="first">Kent D.</forename><surname>Becher</surname></persName><affiliation>Hydrologists, U.S. Geological Survey, 400 South Clinton, Iowa City, Iowa 52240 (E‐Mail/Becker: kdbecher@usgs.gov).</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-2"><persName><forename type="first">Douglas J.</forename><surname>Schnoebelen</surname></persName><affiliation>Hydrologists, U.S. Geological Survey, 400 South Clinton, Iowa City, Iowa 52240 (E‐Mail/Becker: kdbecher@usgs.gov).</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-3"><persName><forename type="first">Kimberlee K B.</forename><surname>Akers</surname></persName><affiliation>Hydrologists, U.S. Geological Survey, 400 South Clinton, Iowa City, Iowa 52240 (E‐Mail/Becker: kdbecher@usgs.gov).</affiliation></author></analytic><monogr><title level="j">JAWRA Journal of the American Water Resources Association</title><idno type="pISSN">1093-474X</idno><idno type="eISSN">1752-1688</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1752-1688</idno><imprint><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><pubPlace>Oxford, UK</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2000-02"></date><biblScope unit="volume">36</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">1</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="161">161</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="173">173</biblScope></imprint></monogr><idno type="istex">C31BF760991C3B438AA260121F56DDDBAA623AD4</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1111/j.1752-1688.2000.tb04257.x</idno><idno type="ArticleID">JAWR161</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>2000</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract><p>ABSTRACT: The introduction of nutrients from chemical fertilizer, animal manure, wastewater, and atmospheric deposition to the eastern Iowa environment creates a large potential for nutrient transport in watersheds. Agriculture constitutes 93 percent of all land use in eastern Iowa. As part of the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Assessment Program, water samples were collected (typically monthly) from six small and six large watersheds in eastern Iowa between March 1996 and September 1997. A Geographic Information System (GIS) was used to determine land use and quantify inputs of nitrogen and phosphorus within the study area. Streamliow from the watersheds is to the Mississippi River. Chemical fertilizer and animal manure account for 92 percent of the estimated total nitrogen and 99.9 percent of the estimated total phosphorus input in the study area. Total nitrogen and total phosphorus loads for 1996 were estimated for nine of the 12 rivers and creeks using a minimum variance unbiased estimator model. A seasonal pattern of concentrations and loads was observed. The greatest concentrations and loads occur in the late spring to early summer in conjunction with row‐crop fertilizer applications and spring nmoff and again in the late fall to early winter as vegetation goes into dormancy and additional fertilizer is applied to row‐crop fields. The three largest rivers in eastern Iowa transported an estimated total of 79,000 metric tons of total nitrogen and 6,800 metric tons of total phosphorus to the Mississippi River in 1996. The estimated mass of total nitrogen and total phosphorus transported to the Mississippi River represents about 19 percent of all estimated nitrogen and 9 percent of all estimated phosphorus input to the study area.</p></abstract><textClass xml:lang="en"><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><head>keywords</head><item><term>nutrients</term></item><item><term>nitrogen</term></item><item><term>phosphorus</term></item><item><term>loads</term></item><item><term>yields</term></item><item><term>water quality</term></item></list></keywords></textClass></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="2000-02">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/C31BF760991C3B438AA260121F56DDDBAA623AD4/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Wiley, elements deleted: body"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:document><component version="2.0" type="serialArticle" xml:lang="en"><header><publicationMeta level="product"><publisherInfo><publisherName>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisherName><publisherLoc>Oxford, UK</publisherLoc></publisherInfo><doi origin="wiley" registered="yes">10.1111/(ISSN)1752-1688</doi><issn type="print">1093-474X</issn><issn type="electronic">1752-1688</issn><idGroup><id type="product" value="JAWR"></id><id type="publisherDivision" value="ST"></id></idGroup><titleGroup><title type="main" sort="JOURNAL OF AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION">JAWRA Journal of the American Water Resources Association</title></titleGroup></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="part" position="02001"><doi origin="wiley">10.1111/jawr.2000.36.issue-1</doi><numberingGroup><numbering type="journalVolume" number="36">36</numbering><numbering type="journalIssue" number="1">1</numbering></numberingGroup><coverDate startDate="2000-02">February 2000</coverDate></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="unit" type="article" position="0016100" status="forIssue"><doi origin="wiley">10.1111/j.1752-1688.2000.tb04257.x</doi><idGroup><id type="unit" value="JAWR161"></id></idGroup><countGroup><count type="pageTotal" number="13"></count></countGroup><eventGroup><event type="firstOnline" date="2007-06-08"></event><event type="publishedOnlineFinalForm" date="2007-06-08"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:BPG_TO_WML3G version:2.3.5 mode:FullText source:HeaderRef result:HeaderRef" date="2010-04-07"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WILEY_ML3G_TO_WILEY_ML3GV2 version:3.8.8" date="2014-01-28"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WML3G_To_WML3G version:4.1.7 mode:FullText,remove_FC" date="2014-10-24"></event></eventGroup><numberingGroup><numbering type="pageFirst" number="161">161</numbering><numbering type="pageLast" number="173">173</numbering></numberingGroup><linkGroup><link type="toTypesetVersion" href="file:JAWR.JAWR161.pdf"></link></linkGroup></publicationMeta><contentMeta><countGroup><count type="referenceTotal" number="26"></count><count type="linksCrossRef" number="4"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="main">NUTRIENTS DISCHARGED TO THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER FROM EASTERN IOWA WATERSHEDS, 1996.1997<link href="#fn1"><sup>1</sup></link></title></titleGroup><creators><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr1" affiliationRef="#a1"><personName><givenNames>Kent D.</givenNames><familyName>Becher</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr2" affiliationRef="#a1"><personName><givenNames>Douglas J.</givenNames><familyName>Schnoebelen</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr3" affiliationRef="#a1"><personName><givenNames>Kimberlee K B.</givenNames><familyName>Akers</familyName></personName></creator></creators><affiliationGroup><affiliation xml:id="a1" countryCode="US"><unparsedAffiliation> Hydrologists, U.S. Geological Survey, 400 South Clinton, Iowa City, Iowa 52240 (E‐Mail/Becker: <email>kdbecher@usgs.gov</email>).</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation></affiliationGroup><keywordGroup xml:lang="en"><keyword xml:id="k1">nutrients</keyword><keyword xml:id="k2">nitrogen</keyword><keyword xml:id="k3">phosphorus</keyword><keyword xml:id="k4">loads</keyword><keyword xml:id="k5">yields</keyword><keyword xml:id="k6">water quality</keyword></keywordGroup><abstractGroup><abstract type="main" xml:lang="en"><p><b>ABSTRACT: </b> The introduction of nutrients from chemical fertilizer, animal manure, wastewater, and atmospheric deposition to the eastern Iowa environment creates a large potential for nutrient transport in watersheds. Agriculture constitutes 93 percent of all land use in eastern Iowa. As part of the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Assessment Program, water samples were collected (typically monthly) from six small and six large watersheds in eastern Iowa between March 1996 and September 1997. A Geographic Information System (GIS) was used to determine land use and quantify inputs of nitrogen and phosphorus within the study area. Streamliow from the watersheds is to the Mississippi River. Chemical fertilizer and animal manure account for 92 percent of the estimated total nitrogen and 99.9 percent of the estimated total phosphorus input in the study area. Total nitrogen and total phosphorus loads for 1996 were estimated for nine of the 12 rivers and creeks using a minimum variance unbiased estimator model. A seasonal pattern of concentrations and loads was observed. The greatest concentrations and loads occur in the late spring to early summer in conjunction with row‐crop fertilizer applications and spring nmoff and again in the late fall to early winter as vegetation goes into dormancy and additional fertilizer is applied to row‐crop fields. The three largest rivers in eastern Iowa transported an estimated total of 79,000 metric tons of total nitrogen and 6,800 metric tons of total phosphorus to the Mississippi River in 1996. The estimated mass of total nitrogen and total phosphorus transported to the Mississippi River represents about 19 percent of all estimated nitrogen and 9 percent of all estimated phosphorus input to the study area.</p></abstract></abstractGroup></contentMeta><noteGroup><note xml:id="fn1"><label>1</label><p>Paper No. 98147 of the <i>Journal of the American Water Resources Association.</i><b>Discussions are open until October 1, 2000.</b></p></note></noteGroup></header></component></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>NUTRIENTS DISCHARGED TO THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER FROM EASTERN IOWA WATERSHEDS, 1996.1997</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>NUTRIENTS DISCHARGED TO THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER FROM EASTERN IOWA WATERSHEDS, 1996.19971</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Kent D.</namePart><namePart type="family">Becher</namePart><affiliation>Hydrologists, U.S. Geological Survey, 400 South Clinton, Iowa City, Iowa 52240 (E‐Mail/Becker: kdbecher@usgs.gov).</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Douglas J.</namePart><namePart type="family">Schnoebelen</namePart><affiliation>Hydrologists, U.S. Geological Survey, 400 South Clinton, Iowa City, Iowa 52240 (E‐Mail/Becker: kdbecher@usgs.gov).</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Kimberlee K B.</namePart><namePart type="family">Akers</namePart><affiliation>Hydrologists, U.S. Geological Survey, 400 South Clinton, Iowa City, Iowa 52240 (E‐Mail/Becker: kdbecher@usgs.gov).</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="article" displayLabel="article"></genre><originInfo><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><place><placeTerm type="text">Oxford, UK</placeTerm></place><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2000-02</dateIssued><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2000</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType><extent unit="references">26</extent></physicalDescription><abstract>ABSTRACT: The introduction of nutrients from chemical fertilizer, animal manure, wastewater, and atmospheric deposition to the eastern Iowa environment creates a large potential for nutrient transport in watersheds. Agriculture constitutes 93 percent of all land use in eastern Iowa. As part of the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Assessment Program, water samples were collected (typically monthly) from six small and six large watersheds in eastern Iowa between March 1996 and September 1997. A Geographic Information System (GIS) was used to determine land use and quantify inputs of nitrogen and phosphorus within the study area. Streamliow from the watersheds is to the Mississippi River. Chemical fertilizer and animal manure account for 92 percent of the estimated total nitrogen and 99.9 percent of the estimated total phosphorus input in the study area. Total nitrogen and total phosphorus loads for 1996 were estimated for nine of the 12 rivers and creeks using a minimum variance unbiased estimator model. A seasonal pattern of concentrations and loads was observed. The greatest concentrations and loads occur in the late spring to early summer in conjunction with row‐crop fertilizer applications and spring nmoff and again in the late fall to early winter as vegetation goes into dormancy and additional fertilizer is applied to row‐crop fields. The three largest rivers in eastern Iowa transported an estimated total of 79,000 metric tons of total nitrogen and 6,800 metric tons of total phosphorus to the Mississippi River in 1996. The estimated mass of total nitrogen and total phosphorus transported to the Mississippi River represents about 19 percent of all estimated nitrogen and 9 percent of all estimated phosphorus input to the study area.</abstract><note type="content">*Paper No. 98147 of the Journal of the American Water Resources Association.Discussions are open until October 1, 2000.</note><subject lang="en"><genre>keywords</genre><topic>nutrients</topic><topic>nitrogen</topic><topic>phosphorus</topic><topic>loads</topic><topic>yields</topic><topic>water quality</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>JAWRA Journal of the American Water Resources Association</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal">journal</genre><identifier type="ISSN">1093-474X</identifier><identifier type="eISSN">1752-1688</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1752-1688</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID">JAWR</identifier><part><date>2000</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>36</number></detail><detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption><number>1</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>161</start><end>173</end><total>13</total></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">C31BF760991C3B438AA260121F56DDDBAA623AD4</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1111/j.1752-1688.2000.tb04257.x</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">JAWR161</identifier><recordInfo><recordContentSource>WILEY</recordContentSource><recordOrigin>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</recordOrigin></recordInfo></mods></metadata><serie></serie></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Wicri/Agronomie/explor/SisAgriV1/Data/Istex/Corpus
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 001243 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Istex/Corpus/biblio.hfd -nk 001243 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien
|wiki= Wicri/Agronomie
|area= SisAgriV1
|flux= Istex
|étape= Corpus
|type= RBID
|clé= ISTEX:C31BF760991C3B438AA260121F56DDDBAA623AD4
|texte= NUTRIENTS DISCHARGED TO THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER FROM EASTERN IOWA WATERSHEDS, 1996.1997
}}
| This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.28. |  |