Simulating nitrate leaching under crops fertilized with pig slurry in lysimeters
Identifieur interne : 001118 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 001117; suivant : 001119Simulating nitrate leaching under crops fertilized with pig slurry in lysimeters
Auteurs : R. Marchetti ; G. Ponzoni ; P. SpallacciSource :
- Soil Use and Management [ 0266-0032 ] ; 2001-12.
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Abstract
Abstract. Regions in the Po Valley, Northern Italy, are characterized by intensive crop‐livestock farming systems. A simulation model has been chosen for an inter‐regional project, which should help in defining groundwater vulnerability and pollution risk on a regional scale, in relation to agricultural land use, by allowing the prediction of nitrate leaching under different climate, soil, crop and management scenarios. The model derives from the coupling of a hydrological model, MACRO, simulating water flow and solute transport in structured soils, with a model simulating soil N dynamics, SOILN. The aim of this work was to test the model's ability to simulate nitrate leaching through soil after land spreading of pig slurries. A dataset obtained from lysimeter experiments which had been carried out in the period 1976–1981 was used for this purpose. Four soil types were compared (silty clay, sandy loam, loam and sand) in factorial combination with four rates of pig slurry (0, 142, 284, 426 g of N m–2, accumulated values from 1976 to 1979) for a seven crop sequence. The efficiency of the MACRO model ranged from 0.96, in the sandy‐loam soil, to 0.81, in the sand. Percolation was usually under‐estimated, the relative error ranging from 0.7 to 14.6, depending on the soil. The low efficiency of the SOILN model in simulating nitrate leaching is attributed to the lack of knowledge of the mechanisms regulating N transformation processes and especially the mineralization of pig slurry N. This lack of knowledge hampers the correct setting of the N transformation parameter values. A remarkable improvement of the model's performance was obtained by changing a few coefficients which control the mineralization‐immobilization turnover of the faeces‐organic N. The model efficiency, following this recalibration, ranged from –0.62 to 0.84, and the relative error ranged from –56 to 35, depending on soil and treatment. N leaching was under‐estimated at the low pig slurry N application rates and over‐estimated at the high ones.
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DOI: 10.1111/j.1475-2743.2001.tb00034.x
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Marchetti</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Agronomical Research Institute (ISA), Sec. of Modena, Viale Caduti in Guerra, 134, I–41100 Modena, Italy</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: rosamar@pianeta.it</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ponzoni, G" sort="Ponzoni, G" uniqKey="Ponzoni G" first="G." last="Ponzoni">G. Ponzoni</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Consultant, Regione Emilia Romagna, Soil Bureau, Viale Silvani, 4/3, I–40122 Bologna, Italy</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Spallacci, P" sort="Spallacci, P" uniqKey="Spallacci P" first="P." last="Spallacci">P. 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Regions in the Po Valley, Northern Italy, are characterized by intensive crop‐livestock farming systems. A simulation model has been chosen for an inter‐regional project, which should help in defining groundwater vulnerability and pollution risk on a regional scale, in relation to agricultural land use, by allowing the prediction of nitrate leaching under different climate, soil, crop and management scenarios. The model derives from the coupling of a hydrological model, MACRO, simulating water flow and solute transport in structured soils, with a model simulating soil N dynamics, SOILN. The aim of this work was to test the model's ability to simulate nitrate leaching through soil after land spreading of pig slurries. A dataset obtained from lysimeter experiments which had been carried out in the period 1976–1981 was used for this purpose. Four soil types were compared (silty clay, sandy loam, loam and sand) in factorial combination with four rates of pig slurry (0, 142, 284, 426 g of N m–2, accumulated values from 1976 to 1979) for a seven crop sequence. The efficiency of the MACRO model ranged from 0.96, in the sandy‐loam soil, to 0.81, in the sand. Percolation was usually under‐estimated, the relative error ranging from 0.7 to 14.6, depending on the soil. The low efficiency of the SOILN model in simulating nitrate leaching is attributed to the lack of knowledge of the mechanisms regulating N transformation processes and especially the mineralization of pig slurry N. This lack of knowledge hampers the correct setting of the N transformation parameter values. A remarkable improvement of the model's performance was obtained by changing a few coefficients which control the mineralization‐immobilization turnover of the faeces‐organic N. The model efficiency, following this recalibration, ranged from –0.62 to 0.84, and the relative error ranged from –56 to 35, depending on soil and treatment. N leaching was under‐estimated at the low pig slurry N application rates and over‐estimated at the high ones.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>wiley</corpusName><author><json:item><name>R. Marchetti</name><affiliations><json:string>Agronomical Research Institute (ISA), Sec. of Modena, Viale Caduti in Guerra, 134, I–41100 Modena, Italy</json:string><json:string>E-mail: rosamar@pianeta.it</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>G. Ponzoni</name><affiliations><json:string>Consultant, Regione Emilia Romagna, Soil Bureau, Viale Silvani, 4/3, I–40122 Bologna, Italy</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>P. 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Regions in the Po Valley, Northern Italy, are characterized by intensive crop‐livestock farming systems. A simulation model has been chosen for an inter‐regional project, which should help in defining groundwater vulnerability and pollution risk on a regional scale, in relation to agricultural land use, by allowing the prediction of nitrate leaching under different climate, soil, crop and management scenarios. The model derives from the coupling of a hydrological model, MACRO, simulating water flow and solute transport in structured soils, with a model simulating soil N dynamics, SOILN. The aim of this work was to test the model's ability to simulate nitrate leaching through soil after land spreading of pig slurries. A dataset obtained from lysimeter experiments which had been carried out in the period 1976–1981 was used for this purpose. Four soil types were compared (silty clay, sandy loam, loam and sand) in factorial combination with four rates of pig slurry (0, 142, 284, 426 g of N m–2, accumulated values from 1976 to 1979) for a seven crop sequence. The efficiency of the MACRO model ranged from 0.96, in the sandy‐loam soil, to 0.81, in the sand. Percolation was usually under‐estimated, the relative error ranging from 0.7 to 14.6, depending on the soil. The low efficiency of the SOILN model in simulating nitrate leaching is attributed to the lack of knowledge of the mechanisms regulating N transformation processes and especially the mineralization of pig slurry N. This lack of knowledge hampers the correct setting of the N transformation parameter values. A remarkable improvement of the model's performance was obtained by changing a few coefficients which control the mineralization‐immobilization turnover of the faeces‐organic N. The model efficiency, following this recalibration, ranged from –0.62 to 0.84, and the relative error ranged from –56 to 35, depending on soil and treatment. 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Regions in the Po Valley, Northern Italy, are characterized by intensive crop‐livestock farming systems. A simulation model has been chosen for an inter‐regional project, which should help in defining groundwater vulnerability and pollution risk on a regional scale, in relation to agricultural land use, by allowing the prediction of nitrate leaching under different climate, soil, crop and management scenarios. The model derives from the coupling of a hydrological model, MACRO, simulating water flow and solute transport in structured soils, with a model simulating soil N dynamics, SOILN. The aim of this work was to test the model's ability to simulate nitrate leaching through soil after land spreading of pig slurries. A dataset obtained from lysimeter experiments which had been carried out in the period 1976–1981 was used for this purpose. Four soil types were compared (silty clay, sandy loam, loam and sand) in factorial combination with four rates of pig slurry (0, 142, 284, 426 g of N m–2, accumulated values from 1976 to 1979) for a seven crop sequence. The efficiency of the MACRO model ranged from 0.96, in the sandy‐loam soil, to 0.81, in the sand. Percolation was usually under‐estimated, the relative error ranging from 0.7 to 14.6, depending on the soil. The low efficiency of the SOILN model in simulating nitrate leaching is attributed to the lack of knowledge of the mechanisms regulating N transformation processes and especially the mineralization of pig slurry N. This lack of knowledge hampers the correct setting of the N transformation parameter values. A remarkable improvement of the model's performance was obtained by changing a few coefficients which control the mineralization‐immobilization turnover of the faeces‐organic N. The model efficiency, following this recalibration, ranged from –0.62 to 0.84, and the relative error ranged from –56 to 35, depending on soil and treatment. N leaching was under‐estimated at the low pig slurry N application rates and over‐estimated at the high ones.</p></abstract><textClass xml:lang="en"><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><head>keywords</head><item><term>Models</term></item><item><term>nitrates</term></item><item><term>leaching</term></item><item><term>pig slurry</term></item><item><term>animal wastes</term></item><item><term>lysimeters</term></item></list></keywords></textClass></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="2001-12">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/A0F97010BF4BD1BF7EC9EBFCDA15A77020126BA1/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Wiley, elements deleted: body"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:document><component version="2.0" type="serialArticle" xml:lang="en"><header><publicationMeta level="product"><publisherInfo><publisherName>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisherName><publisherLoc>Oxford, UK</publisherLoc></publisherInfo><doi origin="wiley" registered="yes">10.1111/(ISSN)1475-2743</doi><issn type="print">0266-0032</issn><issn type="electronic">1475-2743</issn><idGroup><id type="product" value="SUM"></id><id type="publisherDivision" value="ST"></id></idGroup><titleGroup><title type="main" sort="SOIL USE MANAGEMENT">Soil Use and Management</title></titleGroup></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="part" position="12004"><doi origin="wiley">10.1111/sum.2001.17.issue-4</doi><numberingGroup><numbering type="journalVolume" number="17">17</numbering><numbering type="journalIssue" number="4">4</numbering></numberingGroup><coverDate startDate="2001-12">December 2001</coverDate></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="unit" type="article" position="0024500" status="forIssue"><doi origin="wiley">10.1111/j.1475-2743.2001.tb00034.x</doi><idGroup><id type="unit" value="SUM245"></id></idGroup><countGroup><count type="pageTotal" number="9"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="tocHeading1">Research Article</title></titleGroup><eventGroup><event type="firstOnline" date="2006-01-19"></event><event type="publishedOnlineFinalForm" date="2006-01-19"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:BPG_TO_WML3G version:2.3.2 mode:FullText source:HeaderRef result:HeaderRef" date="2010-03-03"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WILEY_ML3G_TO_WILEY_ML3GV2 version:3.8.8" date="2014-02-08"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WML3G_To_WML3G version:4.1.7 mode:FullText,remove_FC" date="2014-11-03"></event></eventGroup><numberingGroup><numbering type="pageFirst" number="245">245</numbering><numbering type="pageLast" number="253">253</numbering></numberingGroup><correspondenceTo> * Corresponding author: Fax 0039 059 214957; E‐mail: <email>rosamar@pianeta.it</email></correspondenceTo><linkGroup><link type="toTypesetVersion" href="file:SUM.SUM245.pdf"></link></linkGroup></publicationMeta><contentMeta><unparsedEditorialHistory>Received December 2000, accepted after revision June 2001.</unparsedEditorialHistory><countGroup><count type="referenceTotal" number="31"></count><count type="linksCrossRef" number="4"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="main">Simulating nitrate leaching under crops fertilized with pig slurry in lysimeters</title></titleGroup><creators><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr1" affiliationRef="#a1" corresponding="yes"><personName><givenNames>R.</givenNames><familyName>Marchetti</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr2" affiliationRef="#a2"><personName><givenNames>G.</givenNames><familyName>Ponzoni</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr3" affiliationRef="#a1"><personName><givenNames>P.</givenNames><familyName>Spallacci</familyName></personName></creator></creators><affiliationGroup><affiliation xml:id="a1" countryCode="IT"><unparsedAffiliation>Agronomical Research Institute (ISA), Sec. of Modena, Viale Caduti in Guerra, 134, I–41100 Modena, Italy</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="a2" countryCode="IT"><unparsedAffiliation>Consultant, Regione Emilia Romagna, Soil Bureau, Viale Silvani, 4/3, I–40122 Bologna, Italy</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation></affiliationGroup><keywordGroup xml:lang="en"><keyword xml:id="k1">Models</keyword><keyword xml:id="k2">nitrates</keyword><keyword xml:id="k3">leaching</keyword><keyword xml:id="k4">pig slurry</keyword><keyword xml:id="k5">animal wastes</keyword><keyword xml:id="k6">lysimeters</keyword></keywordGroup><abstractGroup><abstract type="main" xml:lang="en"><p><b>Abstract. </b> Regions in the Po Valley, Northern Italy, are characterized by intensive crop‐livestock farming systems. A simulation model has been chosen for an inter‐regional project, which should help in defining groundwater vulnerability and pollution risk on a regional scale, in relation to agricultural land use, by allowing the prediction of nitrate leaching under different climate, soil, crop and management scenarios. The model derives from the coupling of a hydrological model, MACRO, simulating water flow and solute transport in structured soils, with a model simulating soil N dynamics, SOILN. The aim of this work was to test the model's ability to simulate nitrate leaching through soil after land spreading of pig slurries. A dataset obtained from lysimeter experiments which had been carried out in the period 1976–1981 was used for this purpose. Four soil types were compared (silty clay, sandy loam, loam and sand) in factorial combination with four rates of pig slurry (0, 142, 284, 426 g of N m<sup>–2</sup>, accumulated values from 1976 to 1979) for a seven crop sequence. The efficiency of the MACRO model ranged from 0.96, in the sandy‐loam soil, to 0.81, in the sand. Percolation was usually under‐estimated, the relative error ranging from 0.7 to 14.6, depending on the soil. The low efficiency of the SOILN model in simulating nitrate leaching is attributed to the lack of knowledge of the mechanisms regulating N transformation processes and especially the mineralization of pig slurry N. This lack of knowledge hampers the correct setting of the N transformation parameter values. A remarkable improvement of the model's performance was obtained by changing a few coefficients which control the mineralization‐immobilization turnover of the faeces‐organic N. The model efficiency, following this recalibration, ranged from –0.62 to 0.84, and the relative error ranged from –56 to 35, depending on soil and treatment. N leaching was under‐estimated at the low pig slurry N application rates and over‐estimated at the high ones.</p></abstract></abstractGroup></contentMeta></header></component></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Simulating nitrate leaching under crops fertilized with pig slurry in lysimeters</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>Simulating nitrate leaching under crops fertilized with pig slurry in lysimeters</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">R.</namePart><namePart type="family">Marchetti</namePart><affiliation>Agronomical Research Institute (ISA), Sec. of Modena, Viale Caduti in Guerra, 134, I–41100 Modena, Italy</affiliation><affiliation>E-mail: rosamar@pianeta.it</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">G.</namePart><namePart type="family">Ponzoni</namePart><affiliation>Consultant, Regione Emilia Romagna, Soil Bureau, Viale Silvani, 4/3, I–40122 Bologna, Italy</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">P.</namePart><namePart type="family">Spallacci</namePart><affiliation>Agronomical Research Institute (ISA), Sec. of Modena, Viale Caduti in Guerra, 134, I–41100 Modena, Italy</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="article" displayLabel="article"></genre><originInfo><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><place><placeTerm type="text">Oxford, UK</placeTerm></place><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2001-12</dateIssued><edition>Received December 2000, accepted after revision June 2001.</edition><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2001</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType><extent unit="references">31</extent></physicalDescription><abstract>Abstract. Regions in the Po Valley, Northern Italy, are characterized by intensive crop‐livestock farming systems. A simulation model has been chosen for an inter‐regional project, which should help in defining groundwater vulnerability and pollution risk on a regional scale, in relation to agricultural land use, by allowing the prediction of nitrate leaching under different climate, soil, crop and management scenarios. The model derives from the coupling of a hydrological model, MACRO, simulating water flow and solute transport in structured soils, with a model simulating soil N dynamics, SOILN. The aim of this work was to test the model's ability to simulate nitrate leaching through soil after land spreading of pig slurries. A dataset obtained from lysimeter experiments which had been carried out in the period 1976–1981 was used for this purpose. Four soil types were compared (silty clay, sandy loam, loam and sand) in factorial combination with four rates of pig slurry (0, 142, 284, 426 g of N m–2, accumulated values from 1976 to 1979) for a seven crop sequence. The efficiency of the MACRO model ranged from 0.96, in the sandy‐loam soil, to 0.81, in the sand. Percolation was usually under‐estimated, the relative error ranging from 0.7 to 14.6, depending on the soil. The low efficiency of the SOILN model in simulating nitrate leaching is attributed to the lack of knowledge of the mechanisms regulating N transformation processes and especially the mineralization of pig slurry N. This lack of knowledge hampers the correct setting of the N transformation parameter values. A remarkable improvement of the model's performance was obtained by changing a few coefficients which control the mineralization‐immobilization turnover of the faeces‐organic N. The model efficiency, following this recalibration, ranged from –0.62 to 0.84, and the relative error ranged from –56 to 35, depending on soil and treatment. N leaching was under‐estimated at the low pig slurry N application rates and over‐estimated at the high ones.</abstract><subject lang="en"><genre>keywords</genre><topic>Models</topic><topic>nitrates</topic><topic>leaching</topic><topic>pig slurry</topic><topic>animal wastes</topic><topic>lysimeters</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Soil Use and Management</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal">journal</genre><identifier type="ISSN">0266-0032</identifier><identifier type="eISSN">1475-2743</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1475-2743</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID">SUM</identifier><part><date>2001</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>17</number></detail><detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption><number>4</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>245</start><end>253</end><total>9</total></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">A0F97010BF4BD1BF7EC9EBFCDA15A77020126BA1</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1111/j.1475-2743.2001.tb00034.x</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">SUM245</identifier><recordInfo><recordContentSource>WILEY</recordContentSource><recordOrigin>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</recordOrigin></recordInfo></mods></metadata><serie></serie></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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