Large scale modelling of groundwater contamination from nitrate leaching
Identifieur interne : 001114 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 001113; suivant : 001115Large scale modelling of groundwater contamination from nitrate leaching
Auteurs : J. C. Refsgaard ; M. Thorsen ; J. B. Jensen ; S. Kleeschulte ; S. HansenSource :
- Journal of Hydrology [ 0022-1694 ] ; 1999.
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- KwdEn :
Abstract
Groundwater pollution from non-point sources, such as nitrate from agricultural activities, is a problem of increasing concern. Comprehensive modelling tools of the physically based type are well proven for small-scale applications with good data availability, such as plots or small experimental catchments. The two key problems related to large-scale simulation are data availability at the large scale and model upscaling/aggregation to represent conditions at larger scale. This paper presents a methodology and two case studies for large-scale simulation of aquifer contamination due to nitrate leaching. Readily available data from standard European level databases such as GISCO, EUROSTAT and the European Environment Agency (EEA) have been used as the basis of modelling. These data were supplemented by selected readily available data from national sources. The model parameters were all assessed from these data by use of various transfer functions, and no model calibration was carried out. The adopted upscaling procedure combines upscaling from point to field scale using effective parameters with a statistically based aggregation procedure from field to catchment scale, preserving the areal distribution of soil types, vegetation types and agricultural practices on a catchment basis. The methodology was tested on two Danish catchments with good simulation results on water balance and nitrate concentration distributions in groundwater. The upscaling/aggregation procedure appears to be applicable in many areas with regard to root zone processes such as runoff generation and nitrate leaching, while it has important limitations with regard to hydrograph shape due to its lack of accounting for scale effects in relation to stream aquifer interaction.
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DOI: 10.1016/S0022-1694(99)00081-5
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Jensen</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Danish Hydraulic Institute, Hørsholm, Denmark</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kleeschulte, S" sort="Kleeschulte, S" uniqKey="Kleeschulte S" first="S." last="Kleeschulte">S. Kleeschulte</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>GIM, Luxembourg</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hansen, S" sort="Hansen, S" uniqKey="Hansen S" first="S." last="Hansen">S. 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Refsgaard</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: jcr@dhi.dk</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Danish Hydraulic Institute, Hørsholm, Denmark</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thorsen, M" sort="Thorsen, M" uniqKey="Thorsen M" first="M." last="Thorsen">M. Thorsen</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Danish Hydraulic Institute, Hørsholm, Denmark</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jensen, J B" sort="Jensen, J B" uniqKey="Jensen J" first="J. B." last="Jensen">J. B. Jensen</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Danish Hydraulic Institute, Hørsholm, Denmark</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kleeschulte, S" sort="Kleeschulte, S" uniqKey="Kleeschulte S" first="S." last="Kleeschulte">S. 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Comprehensive modelling tools of the physically based type are well proven for small-scale applications with good data availability, such as plots or small experimental catchments. The two key problems related to large-scale simulation are data availability at the large scale and model upscaling/aggregation to represent conditions at larger scale. This paper presents a methodology and two case studies for large-scale simulation of aquifer contamination due to nitrate leaching. Readily available data from standard European level databases such as GISCO, EUROSTAT and the European Environment Agency (EEA) have been used as the basis of modelling. These data were supplemented by selected readily available data from national sources. The model parameters were all assessed from these data by use of various transfer functions, and no model calibration was carried out. The adopted upscaling procedure combines upscaling from point to field scale using effective parameters with a statistically based aggregation procedure from field to catchment scale, preserving the areal distribution of soil types, vegetation types and agricultural practices on a catchment basis. The methodology was tested on two Danish catchments with good simulation results on water balance and nitrate concentration distributions in groundwater. The upscaling/aggregation procedure appears to be applicable in many areas with regard to root zone processes such as runoff generation and nitrate leaching, while it has important limitations with regard to hydrograph shape due to its lack of accounting for scale effects in relation to stream aquifer interaction.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>elsevier</corpusName><author><json:item><name>J.C. 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Comprehensive modelling tools of the physically based type are well proven for small-scale applications with good data availability, such as plots or small experimental catchments. The two key problems related to large-scale simulation are data availability at the large scale and model upscaling/aggregation to represent conditions at larger scale. This paper presents a methodology and two case studies for large-scale simulation of aquifer contamination due to nitrate leaching. Readily available data from standard European level databases such as GISCO, EUROSTAT and the European Environment Agency (EEA) have been used as the basis of modelling. These data were supplemented by selected readily available data from national sources. The model parameters were all assessed from these data by use of various transfer functions, and no model calibration was carried out. The adopted upscaling procedure combines upscaling from point to field scale using effective parameters with a statistically based aggregation procedure from field to catchment scale, preserving the areal distribution of soil types, vegetation types and agricultural practices on a catchment basis. The methodology was tested on two Danish catchments with good simulation results on water balance and nitrate concentration distributions in groundwater. The upscaling/aggregation procedure appears to be applicable in many areas with regard to root zone processes such as runoff generation and nitrate leaching, while it has important limitations with regard to hydrograph shape due to its lack of accounting for scale effects in relation to stream aquifer interaction.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>8</score><pdfVersion>1.2</pdfVersion><pdfPageSize>544 x 743 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><keywordCount>6</keywordCount><abstractCharCount>1770</abstractCharCount><pdfWordCount>11610</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>73030</pdfCharCount><pdfPageCount>24</pdfPageCount><abstractWordCount>255</abstractWordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Large scale modelling of groundwater contamination from nitrate leaching</title><pii><json:string>S0022-1694(99)00081-5</json:string></pii><genre><json:string>research-article</json:string></genre><host><volume>221</volume><pii><json:string>S0022-1694(00)X0072-8</json:string></pii><pages><last>140</last><first>117</first></pages><issn><json:string>0022-1694</json:string></issn><issue>3–4</issue><genre><json:string>journal</json:string></genre><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><title>Journal of Hydrology</title><publicationDate>1999</publicationDate></host><publicationDate>1999</publicationDate><copyrightDate>1999</copyrightDate><doi><json:string>10.1016/S0022-1694(99)00081-5</json:string></doi><id>5B3F7B25B6A48A7F6D866EC84867FAFF689657FF</id><score>0.03916354</score><fulltext><json:item><extension>pdf</extension><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/5B3F7B25B6A48A7F6D866EC84867FAFF689657FF/fulltext/pdf</uri></json:item><json:item><extension>zip</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>application/zip</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/5B3F7B25B6A48A7F6D866EC84867FAFF689657FF/fulltext/zip</uri></json:item><istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/5B3F7B25B6A48A7F6D866EC84867FAFF689657FF/fulltext/tei"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Large scale modelling of groundwater contamination from nitrate leaching</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><availability><p>©1999 Elsevier Science B.V.</p></availability><date>1999</date></publicationStmt><notesStmt><note type="content">Fig. 1: Schematic structure of the MIKE SHE.</note><note type="content">Fig. 2: Schematic representation of upscaling/aggregation procedure.</note><note type="content">Fig. 3: Locations of the Karup and Odense catchments in Denmark.</note><note type="content">Fig. 4: Surface topography, catchment delineation and river network for the Karup-EU model.</note><note type="content">Fig. 5: Comparison of the recorded discharge hydrograph for the Karup catchment with simulations based on 1, 2 and 4km grids. The two simulated curves corresponds to the combined upscaling/aggregation procedure (Distributed) and the simpler upscaling procedure (Uniform).</note><note type="content">Fig. 6: Comparison of the statistical distribution of nitrate concentrations in groundwater for the Karup catchment predicted by the model with 1, 2 and 4km grids and observed in 35 wells. The upper figure corresponds to the upscaling/aggregation procedure resulting in a distributed representation of agricultural crops, while the lower figure is from the run with the upscaling procedure, where all the agricultural area is represented by one uniform crop.</note><note type="content">Fig. 7: Discharge hydrographs for Odense catchment simulated with 1, 2 and 4km grids.</note><note type="content">Fig. 8: Comparison of the statistical distribution of nitrate concentrations in groundwater for the Odense catchment predicted by the model with 1, 2 and 4km grids and observed in 35 wells.</note><note type="content">Table 1: Data sources for European scale hydrological modelling</note><note type="content">Table 2: Water balance in mm/year for the Karup catchment at station 20.05 Hagebro (518km2)</note><note type="content">Table 3: Water balance in mm/year for the Odense catchment at station 45.21 Ejby Mølle (536km2)</note></notesStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="inbook"><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Large scale modelling of groundwater contamination from nitrate leaching</title><author xml:id="author-1"><persName><forename type="first">J.C.</forename><surname>Refsgaard</surname></persName><email>jcr@dhi.dk</email><note type="correspondence"><p>Corresponding author</p></note><affiliation>Danish Hydraulic Institute, Hørsholm, Denmark</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-2"><persName><forename type="first">M.</forename><surname>Thorsen</surname></persName><affiliation>Danish Hydraulic Institute, Hørsholm, Denmark</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-3"><persName><forename type="first">J.B.</forename><surname>Jensen</surname></persName><affiliation>Danish Hydraulic Institute, Hørsholm, Denmark</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-4"><persName><forename type="first">S.</forename><surname>Kleeschulte</surname></persName><affiliation>GIM, Luxembourg</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-5"><persName><forename type="first">S.</forename><surname>Hansen</surname></persName><affiliation>Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Copenhagen, Denmark</affiliation></author></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Journal of Hydrology</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">HYDROL</title><idno type="pISSN">0022-1694</idno><idno type="PII">S0022-1694(00)X0072-8</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="1999"></date><biblScope unit="volume">221</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">3–4</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="117">117</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="140">140</biblScope></imprint></monogr><idno type="istex">5B3F7B25B6A48A7F6D866EC84867FAFF689657FF</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1016/S0022-1694(99)00081-5</idno><idno type="PII">S0022-1694(99)00081-5</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>1999</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Groundwater pollution from non-point sources, such as nitrate from agricultural activities, is a problem of increasing concern. Comprehensive modelling tools of the physically based type are well proven for small-scale applications with good data availability, such as plots or small experimental catchments. The two key problems related to large-scale simulation are data availability at the large scale and model upscaling/aggregation to represent conditions at larger scale. This paper presents a methodology and two case studies for large-scale simulation of aquifer contamination due to nitrate leaching. Readily available data from standard European level databases such as GISCO, EUROSTAT and the European Environment Agency (EEA) have been used as the basis of modelling. These data were supplemented by selected readily available data from national sources. The model parameters were all assessed from these data by use of various transfer functions, and no model calibration was carried out. The adopted upscaling procedure combines upscaling from point to field scale using effective parameters with a statistically based aggregation procedure from field to catchment scale, preserving the areal distribution of soil types, vegetation types and agricultural practices on a catchment basis. The methodology was tested on two Danish catchments with good simulation results on water balance and nitrate concentration distributions in groundwater. The upscaling/aggregation procedure appears to be applicable in many areas with regard to root zone processes such as runoff generation and nitrate leaching, while it has important limitations with regard to hydrograph shape due to its lack of accounting for scale effects in relation to stream aquifer interaction.</p></abstract><textClass xml:lang="en"><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><head>Keywords</head><item><term>Upscaling</term></item><item><term>Databases</term></item><item><term>Non-point pollution</term></item><item><term>Nitrate leaching</term></item><item><term>Distributed model</term></item><item><term>Water balance</term></item></list></keywords></textClass></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="1999-05-03">Modified</change><change when="1999">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/5B3F7B25B6A48A7F6D866EC84867FAFF689657FF/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Elsevier, elements deleted: ce:floats; body; tail"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:docType PUBLIC="-//ES//DTD journal article DTD version 4.5.2//EN//XML" URI="art452.dtd" name="istex:docType"><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr1" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr1"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr2" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr2"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr3" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr3"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr4" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr4"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr5" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr5"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr6" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr6"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr7" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr7"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr8" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr8"></istex:entity></istex:docType><istex:document><converted-article version="4.5.2" docsubtype="fla" xml:lang="en"><item-info><jid>HYDROL</jid><aid>3793</aid><ce:pii>S0022-1694(99)00081-5</ce:pii><ce:doi>10.1016/S0022-1694(99)00081-5</ce:doi><ce:copyright type="full-transfer" year="1999">Elsevier Science B.V.</ce:copyright></item-info><head><ce:title>Large scale modelling of groundwater contamination from nitrate leaching</ce:title><ce:author-group><ce:author><ce:given-name>J.C.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Refsgaard</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1"><ce:sup>a</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref><ce:cross-ref refid="CORR1">*</ce:cross-ref><ce:e-address>jcr@dhi.dk</ce:e-address></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>M.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Thorsen</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1"><ce:sup>a</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>J.B.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Jensen</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1"><ce:sup>a</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>S.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Kleeschulte</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF2"><ce:sup>b</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>S.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Hansen</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF3"><ce:sup>c</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:affiliation id="AFF1"><ce:label>a</ce:label><ce:textfn>Danish Hydraulic Institute, Hørsholm, Denmark</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="AFF2"><ce:label>b</ce:label><ce:textfn>GIM, Luxembourg</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="AFF3"><ce:label>c</ce:label><ce:textfn>Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Copenhagen, Denmark</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:correspondence id="CORR1"><ce:label>*</ce:label><ce:text>Corresponding author</ce:text></ce:correspondence></ce:author-group><ce:date-received day="20" month="7" year="1998"></ce:date-received><ce:date-revised day="3" month="5" year="1999"></ce:date-revised><ce:date-accepted day="31" month="5" year="1999"></ce:date-accepted><ce:abstract><ce:section-title>Abstract</ce:section-title><ce:abstract-sec><ce:simple-para>Groundwater pollution from non-point sources, such as nitrate from agricultural activities, is a problem of increasing concern. Comprehensive modelling tools of the physically based type are well proven for small-scale applications with good data availability, such as plots or small experimental catchments. The two key problems related to large-scale simulation are data availability at the large scale and model upscaling/aggregation to represent conditions at larger scale. This paper presents a methodology and two case studies for large-scale simulation of aquifer contamination due to nitrate leaching. Readily available data from standard European level databases such as GISCO, EUROSTAT and the European Environment Agency (EEA) have been used as the basis of modelling. These data were supplemented by selected readily available data from national sources. The model parameters were all assessed from these data by use of various transfer functions, and no model calibration was carried out. The adopted upscaling procedure combines upscaling from point to field scale using effective parameters with a statistically based aggregation procedure from field to catchment scale, preserving the areal distribution of soil types, vegetation types and agricultural practices on a catchment basis. The methodology was tested on two Danish catchments with good simulation results on water balance and nitrate concentration distributions in groundwater. The upscaling/aggregation procedure appears to be applicable in many areas with regard to root zone processes such as runoff generation and nitrate leaching, while it has important limitations with regard to hydrograph shape due to its lack of accounting for scale effects in relation to stream aquifer interaction.</ce:simple-para></ce:abstract-sec></ce:abstract><ce:keywords class="keyword" xml:lang="en"><ce:section-title>Keywords</ce:section-title><ce:keyword><ce:text>Upscaling</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Databases</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Non-point pollution</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Nitrate leaching</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Distributed model</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Water balance</ce:text></ce:keyword></ce:keywords></head></converted-article></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Large scale modelling of groundwater contamination from nitrate leaching</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" lang="en" contentType="CDATA"><title>Large scale modelling of groundwater contamination from nitrate leaching</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">J.C.</namePart><namePart type="family">Refsgaard</namePart><affiliation>E-mail: jcr@dhi.dk</affiliation><affiliation>Danish Hydraulic Institute, Hørsholm, Denmark</affiliation><description>Corresponding author</description><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">M.</namePart><namePart type="family">Thorsen</namePart><affiliation>Danish Hydraulic Institute, Hørsholm, Denmark</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">J.B.</namePart><namePart type="family">Jensen</namePart><affiliation>Danish Hydraulic Institute, Hørsholm, Denmark</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">S.</namePart><namePart type="family">Kleeschulte</namePart><affiliation>GIM, Luxembourg</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">S.</namePart><namePart type="family">Hansen</namePart><affiliation>Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Copenhagen, Denmark</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="research-article" displayLabel="Full-length article"></genre><originInfo><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">1999</dateIssued><dateModified encoding="w3cdtf">1999-05-03</dateModified><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">1999</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">Groundwater pollution from non-point sources, such as nitrate from agricultural activities, is a problem of increasing concern. Comprehensive modelling tools of the physically based type are well proven for small-scale applications with good data availability, such as plots or small experimental catchments. The two key problems related to large-scale simulation are data availability at the large scale and model upscaling/aggregation to represent conditions at larger scale. This paper presents a methodology and two case studies for large-scale simulation of aquifer contamination due to nitrate leaching. Readily available data from standard European level databases such as GISCO, EUROSTAT and the European Environment Agency (EEA) have been used as the basis of modelling. These data were supplemented by selected readily available data from national sources. The model parameters were all assessed from these data by use of various transfer functions, and no model calibration was carried out. The adopted upscaling procedure combines upscaling from point to field scale using effective parameters with a statistically based aggregation procedure from field to catchment scale, preserving the areal distribution of soil types, vegetation types and agricultural practices on a catchment basis. The methodology was tested on two Danish catchments with good simulation results on water balance and nitrate concentration distributions in groundwater. The upscaling/aggregation procedure appears to be applicable in many areas with regard to root zone processes such as runoff generation and nitrate leaching, while it has important limitations with regard to hydrograph shape due to its lack of accounting for scale effects in relation to stream aquifer interaction.</abstract><note type="content">Fig. 1: Schematic structure of the MIKE SHE.</note><note type="content">Fig. 2: Schematic representation of upscaling/aggregation procedure.</note><note type="content">Fig. 3: Locations of the Karup and Odense catchments in Denmark.</note><note type="content">Fig. 4: Surface topography, catchment delineation and river network for the Karup-EU model.</note><note type="content">Fig. 5: Comparison of the recorded discharge hydrograph for the Karup catchment with simulations based on 1, 2 and 4km grids. The two simulated curves corresponds to the combined upscaling/aggregation procedure (Distributed) and the simpler upscaling procedure (Uniform).</note><note type="content">Fig. 6: Comparison of the statistical distribution of nitrate concentrations in groundwater for the Karup catchment predicted by the model with 1, 2 and 4km grids and observed in 35 wells. The upper figure corresponds to the upscaling/aggregation procedure resulting in a distributed representation of agricultural crops, while the lower figure is from the run with the upscaling procedure, where all the agricultural area is represented by one uniform crop.</note><note type="content">Fig. 7: Discharge hydrographs for Odense catchment simulated with 1, 2 and 4km grids.</note><note type="content">Fig. 8: Comparison of the statistical distribution of nitrate concentrations in groundwater for the Odense catchment predicted by the model with 1, 2 and 4km grids and observed in 35 wells.</note><note type="content">Table 1: Data sources for European scale hydrological modelling</note><note type="content">Table 2: Water balance in mm/year for the Karup catchment at station 20.05 Hagebro (518km2)</note><note type="content">Table 3: Water balance in mm/year for the Odense catchment at station 45.21 Ejby Mølle (536km2)</note><subject lang="en"><genre>Keywords</genre><topic>Upscaling</topic><topic>Databases</topic><topic>Non-point pollution</topic><topic>Nitrate leaching</topic><topic>Distributed model</topic><topic>Water balance</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Journal of Hydrology</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>HYDROL</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal">journal</genre><originInfo><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">19990830</dateIssued></originInfo><identifier type="ISSN">0022-1694</identifier><identifier type="PII">S0022-1694(00)X0072-8</identifier><part><date>19990830</date><detail type="volume"><number>221</number><caption>vol.</caption></detail><detail type="issue"><number>3–4</number><caption>no.</caption></detail><extent unit="issue pages"><start>97</start><end>178</end></extent><extent unit="pages"><start>117</start><end>140</end></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">5B3F7B25B6A48A7F6D866EC84867FAFF689657FF</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1016/S0022-1694(99)00081-5</identifier><identifier type="PII">S0022-1694(99)00081-5</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">©1999 Elsevier Science B.V.</accessCondition><recordInfo><recordContentSource>ELSEVIER</recordContentSource><recordOrigin>Elsevier Science B.V., ©1999</recordOrigin></recordInfo></mods></metadata><serie></serie></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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