Dynamic evolution of nutrient discharge under stormflow and baseflow conditions in a coastal agricultural watershed in Ishigaki Island, Okinawa, Japan
Identifieur interne : 000E34 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 000E33; suivant : 000E35Dynamic evolution of nutrient discharge under stormflow and baseflow conditions in a coastal agricultural watershed in Ishigaki Island, Okinawa, Japan
Auteurs : Ariel C. Blanco ; Kazuo Nadaoka ; Takahiro Yamamoto ; Koichi KinjoSource :
- Hydrological Processes [ 0885-6087 ] ; 2010-08-30.
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Abstract
Excessive terrestrial nutrient loadings adversely impact coral reefs by primarily enhancing growth of macroalgae, potentially leading to a phase‐shift phenomenon. Hydrological processes and other spatial and temporal factors affecting nutrient discharge must be examined to be able to formulate effective measures for reducing nutrient export to adjacent reefs. During storm events and baseflow periods, water samples were obtained from the tropical Todoroki River, which drains an intensively agricultural watershed into Shiraho coral reef. In situ nutrient analyzers were deployed for 6 months to hourly measure dissolved nutrient (NO3−‐N and PO43−‐P) concentrations. Total phosphorus (TP) and suspended solid concentration (TSS) were increased by higher rainfall intensity (r = 0·94, p < 0·01) and river discharge Q (r = 0·88, p < 0·01). In contrast, NO3−‐N concentration tends to decrease drastically (e.g. from 3 to 1 mg l−1) during flood events. When base flow starts to dominate afterwards, NO3−‐N manifested an increasing trend, but decreases when baseflow discharge becomes low. This counter‐clockwise hysteresis for NO3−‐N highlights the significant influence of groundwater discharge. N delivery can therefore be considered a persistent process compared to sediment and P discharge, which are highly episodic in nature. Based on GIS analysis, nutrient concentration along the Todoroki River was largely affected by the percentage of sugarcane/bare areas and bedrock type. The spatial distribution of N concentration in the river reflects the considerable influence of subsurface geology—higher N levels in limestone‐dominated areas. P concentrations were directly related to the total length of artificial drainage, which enhances sediment transport. The use of high‐resolution monitoring data coupled with GIS‐based spatial analysis therefore enabled the clarification of control factors and the difference in the spatio‐temporal discharge characteristics between N and P. Thus, although erosion‐reduction schemes would reduce P discharge, other approaches (e.g. minimize fertilizer) are needed to reduce N discharge. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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DOI: 10.1002/hyp.7685
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Hydrological processes and other spatial and temporal factors affecting nutrient discharge must be examined to be able to formulate effective measures for reducing nutrient export to adjacent reefs. During storm events and baseflow periods, water samples were obtained from the tropical Todoroki River, which drains an intensively agricultural watershed into Shiraho coral reef. In situ nutrient analyzers were deployed for 6 months to hourly measure dissolved nutrient (NO3−‐N and PO43−‐P) concentrations. Total phosphorus (TP) and suspended solid concentration (TSS) were increased by higher rainfall intensity (r = 0·94, p < 0·01) and river discharge Q (r = 0·88, p < 0·01). In contrast, NO3−‐N concentration tends to decrease drastically (e.g. from 3 to 1 mg l−1) during flood events. When base flow starts to dominate afterwards, NO3−‐N manifested an increasing trend, but decreases when baseflow discharge becomes low. This counter‐clockwise hysteresis for NO3−‐N highlights the significant influence of groundwater discharge. N delivery can therefore be considered a persistent process compared to sediment and P discharge, which are highly episodic in nature. Based on GIS analysis, nutrient concentration along the Todoroki River was largely affected by the percentage of sugarcane/bare areas and bedrock type. The spatial distribution of N concentration in the river reflects the considerable influence of subsurface geology—higher N levels in limestone‐dominated areas. P concentrations were directly related to the total length of artificial drainage, which enhances sediment transport. The use of high‐resolution monitoring data coupled with GIS‐based spatial analysis therefore enabled the clarification of control factors and the difference in the spatio‐temporal discharge characteristics between N and P. 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Hydrological processes and other spatial and temporal factors affecting nutrient discharge must be examined to be able to formulate effective measures for reducing nutrient export to adjacent reefs. During storm events and baseflow periods, water samples were obtained from the tropical Todoroki River, which drains an intensively agricultural watershed into Shiraho coral reef. In situ nutrient analyzers were deployed for 6 months to hourly measure dissolved nutrient (NO3−‐N and PO43−‐P) concentrations. Total phosphorus (TP) and suspended solid concentration (TSS) were increased by higher rainfall intensity (r = 0·94, p > 0·01) and river discharge Q (r = 0·88, p > 0·01). In contrast, NO3−‐N concentration tends to decrease drastically (e.g. from 3 to 1 mg l−1) during flood events. When base flow starts to dominate afterwards, NO3−‐N manifested an increasing trend, but decreases when baseflow discharge becomes low. This counter‐clockwise hysteresis for NO3−‐N highlights the significant influence of groundwater discharge. N delivery can therefore be considered a persistent process compared to sediment and P discharge, which are highly episodic in nature. Based on GIS analysis, nutrient concentration along the Todoroki River was largely affected by the percentage of sugarcane/bare areas and bedrock type. The spatial distribution of N concentration in the river reflects the considerable influence of subsurface geology—higher N levels in limestone‐dominated areas. P concentrations were directly related to the total length of artificial drainage, which enhances sediment transport. The use of high‐resolution monitoring data coupled with GIS‐based spatial analysis therefore enabled the clarification of control factors and the difference in the spatio‐temporal discharge characteristics between N and P. Thus, although erosion‐reduction schemes would reduce P discharge, other approaches (e.g. minimize fertilizer) are needed to reduce N discharge. 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Hydrological processes and other spatial and temporal factors affecting nutrient discharge must be examined to be able to formulate effective measures for reducing nutrient export to adjacent reefs. During storm events and baseflow periods, water samples were obtained from the tropical Todoroki River, which drains an intensively agricultural watershed into Shiraho coral reef. In situ nutrient analyzers were deployed for 6 months to hourly measure dissolved nutrient (NO3−‐N and PO43−‐P) concentrations. Total phosphorus (TP) and suspended solid concentration (TSS) were increased by higher rainfall intensity (r = 0·94, p < 0·01) and river discharge Q (r = 0·88, p < 0·01). In contrast, NO3−‐N concentration tends to decrease drastically (e.g. from 3 to 1 mg l−1) during flood events. When base flow starts to dominate afterwards, NO3−‐N manifested an increasing trend, but decreases when baseflow discharge becomes low. This counter‐clockwise hysteresis for NO3−‐N highlights the significant influence of groundwater discharge. N delivery can therefore be considered a persistent process compared to sediment and P discharge, which are highly episodic in nature. Based on GIS analysis, nutrient concentration along the Todoroki River was largely affected by the percentage of sugarcane/bare areas and bedrock type. The spatial distribution of N concentration in the river reflects the considerable influence of subsurface geology—higher N levels in limestone‐dominated areas. P concentrations were directly related to the total length of artificial drainage, which enhances sediment transport. The use of high‐resolution monitoring data coupled with GIS‐based spatial analysis therefore enabled the clarification of control factors and the difference in the spatio‐temporal discharge characteristics between N and P. 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creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af1"><personName><givenNames>Takahiro</givenNames><familyName>Yamamoto</familyName></personName></creator><creator xml:id="au4" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af3"><personName><givenNames>Koichi</givenNames><familyName>Kinjo</familyName></personName></creator></creators><affiliationGroup><affiliation xml:id="af1" countryCode="JP" type="organization"><unparsedAffiliation>Department of Mechanical and Environmental Informatics, Graduate School of Information Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2‐12‐1 O‐okayama, Meguro‐ku, Tokyo 152‐8552, Japan</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="af2" countryCode="PH" type="organization"><unparsedAffiliation>Department of Geodetic Engineering, College of Engineering, University of the Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City 1101, Philippines</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="af3" countryCode="JP" type="organization"><unparsedAffiliation>Department of Environment Sciences, Okinawa Prefectural Institute of Health and Environment, 2085 Ozato, Ozato, Nanjo, Okinawa, 901‐1202, Japan</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation></affiliationGroup><keywordGroup xml:lang="en" type="author"><keyword xml:id="kwd1">hydrochemistry</keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd2">nitrogen</keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd3">phosphorus</keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd4">nitrate</keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd5">agricultural watershed</keyword></keywordGroup><fundingInfo><fundingAgency>The Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)</fundingAgency></fundingInfo><fundingInfo><fundingAgency>Grant‐in‐Aid for Scientific Research (A)</fundingAgency><fundingNumber>17206052</fundingNumber><fundingNumber>18254003</fundingNumber></fundingInfo><fundingInfo><fundingAgency>JSPS Core University Program and APN (Asia‐Pacific Network)</fundingAgency><fundingNumber>(ARCP2006‐08NMY‐Nadaoka)</fundingNumber></fundingInfo><abstractGroup><abstract type="main" xml:lang="en"><title type="main">Abstract</title><p>Excessive terrestrial nutrient loadings adversely impact coral reefs by primarily enhancing growth of macroalgae, potentially leading to a phase‐shift phenomenon. Hydrological processes and other spatial and temporal factors affecting nutrient discharge must be examined to be able to formulate effective measures for reducing nutrient export to adjacent reefs. During storm events and baseflow periods, water samples were obtained from the tropical Todoroki River, which drains an intensively agricultural watershed into Shiraho coral reef. <i>In situ</i> nutrient analyzers were deployed for 6 months to hourly measure dissolved nutrient (NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>‐N and PO<sub>4</sub><sup>3−</sup>‐P) concentrations. Total phosphorus (TP) and suspended solid concentration (TSS) were increased by higher rainfall intensity (<i>r</i> = 0·94, <i>p</i> < 0·01) and river discharge <i>Q</i> (<i>r</i> = 0·88, <i>p</i> < 0·01). In contrast, NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>‐N concentration tends to decrease drastically (e.g. from 3 to 1 mg l<sup>−1</sup>) during flood events. When base flow starts to dominate afterwards, NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>‐N manifested an increasing trend, but decreases when baseflow discharge becomes low. This counter‐clockwise hysteresis for NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>‐N highlights the significant influence of groundwater discharge. N delivery can therefore be considered a persistent process compared to sediment and P discharge, which are highly episodic in nature. Based on GIS analysis, nutrient concentration along the Todoroki River was largely affected by the percentage of sugarcane/bare areas and bedrock type. The spatial distribution of N concentration in the river reflects the considerable influence of subsurface geology—higher N levels in limestone‐dominated areas. P concentrations were directly related to the total length of artificial drainage, which enhances sediment transport. The use of high‐resolution monitoring data coupled with GIS‐based spatial analysis therefore enabled the clarification of control factors and the difference in the spatio‐temporal discharge characteristics between N and P. Thus, although erosion‐reduction schemes would reduce P discharge, other approaches (e.g. minimize fertilizer) are needed to reduce N discharge. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</p></abstract></abstractGroup></contentMeta></header></component></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Dynamic evolution of nutrient discharge under stormflow and baseflow conditions in a coastal agricultural watershed in Ishigaki Island, Okinawa, Japan</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated" lang="en"><title>DYNAMIC EVOLUTION OF NUTRIENT DISCHARGE</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>Dynamic evolution of nutrient discharge under stormflow and baseflow conditions in a coastal agricultural watershed in Ishigaki Island, Okinawa, Japan</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Ariel C.</namePart><namePart type="family">Blanco</namePart><affiliation>Department of Mechanical and Environmental Informatics, Graduate School of Information Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2‐12‐1 O‐okayama, Meguro‐ku, Tokyo 152‐8552, Japan</affiliation><affiliation>Department of Geodetic Engineering, College of Engineering, University of the Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City 1101, Philippines</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Kazuo</namePart><namePart type="family">Nadaoka</namePart><affiliation>Department of Mechanical and Environmental Informatics, Graduate School of Information Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2‐12‐1 O‐okayama, Meguro‐ku, Tokyo 152‐8552, Japan</affiliation><affiliation>Department of Mechanical and Environmental Informatics, Graduate School of Information Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2‐12‐1 O‐okayama, Meguro‐ku, Tokyo 152‐8552, Japan.===</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Takahiro</namePart><namePart type="family">Yamamoto</namePart><affiliation>Department of Mechanical and Environmental Informatics, Graduate School of Information Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2‐12‐1 O‐okayama, Meguro‐ku, Tokyo 152‐8552, Japan</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Koichi</namePart><namePart type="family">Kinjo</namePart><affiliation>Department of Environment Sciences, Okinawa Prefectural Institute of Health and Environment, 2085 Ozato, Ozato, Nanjo, Okinawa, 901‐1202, Japan</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="article" displayLabel="article"></genre><originInfo><publisher>John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</publisher><place><placeTerm type="text">Chichester, UK</placeTerm></place><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2010-08-30</dateIssued><dateCaptured encoding="w3cdtf">2008-11-08</dateCaptured><dateValid encoding="w3cdtf">2010-03-09</dateValid><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2010</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType><extent unit="figures">9</extent><extent unit="tables">1</extent><extent unit="references">34</extent></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">Excessive terrestrial nutrient loadings adversely impact coral reefs by primarily enhancing growth of macroalgae, potentially leading to a phase‐shift phenomenon. Hydrological processes and other spatial and temporal factors affecting nutrient discharge must be examined to be able to formulate effective measures for reducing nutrient export to adjacent reefs. During storm events and baseflow periods, water samples were obtained from the tropical Todoroki River, which drains an intensively agricultural watershed into Shiraho coral reef. In situ nutrient analyzers were deployed for 6 months to hourly measure dissolved nutrient (NO3−‐N and PO43−‐P) concentrations. Total phosphorus (TP) and suspended solid concentration (TSS) were increased by higher rainfall intensity (r = 0·94, p < 0·01) and river discharge Q (r = 0·88, p < 0·01). In contrast, NO3−‐N concentration tends to decrease drastically (e.g. from 3 to 1 mg l−1) during flood events. When base flow starts to dominate afterwards, NO3−‐N manifested an increasing trend, but decreases when baseflow discharge becomes low. This counter‐clockwise hysteresis for NO3−‐N highlights the significant influence of groundwater discharge. N delivery can therefore be considered a persistent process compared to sediment and P discharge, which are highly episodic in nature. Based on GIS analysis, nutrient concentration along the Todoroki River was largely affected by the percentage of sugarcane/bare areas and bedrock type. The spatial distribution of N concentration in the river reflects the considerable influence of subsurface geology—higher N levels in limestone‐dominated areas. P concentrations were directly related to the total length of artificial drainage, which enhances sediment transport. The use of high‐resolution monitoring data coupled with GIS‐based spatial analysis therefore enabled the clarification of control factors and the difference in the spatio‐temporal discharge characteristics between N and P. Thus, although erosion‐reduction schemes would reduce P discharge, other approaches (e.g. minimize fertilizer) are needed to reduce N discharge. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</abstract><note type="funding">The Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)</note><note type="funding">Grant‐in‐Aid for Scientific Research (A) - No. 17206052; No. 18254003; </note><note type="funding">JSPS Core University Program and APN (Asia‐Pacific Network) - No. (ARCP2006‐08NMY‐Nadaoka); </note><subject lang="en"><genre>keywords</genre><topic>hydrochemistry</topic><topic>nitrogen</topic><topic>phosphorus</topic><topic>nitrate</topic><topic>agricultural watershed</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Hydrological Processes</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>Hydrol. Process.</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal">journal</genre><subject><genre>article-category</genre><topic>Research Article</topic></subject><identifier type="ISSN">0885-6087</identifier><identifier type="eISSN">1099-1085</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1002/(ISSN)1099-1085</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID">HYP</identifier><part><date>2010</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>24</number></detail><detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption><number>18</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>2601</start><end>2616</end><total>16</total></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">ABB69A450B76007F1FAE1F848DB4AAF624069EC8</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1002/hyp.7685</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">HYP7685</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</accessCondition><recordInfo><recordContentSource>WILEY</recordContentSource><recordOrigin>John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</recordOrigin></recordInfo></mods></metadata><serie></serie></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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