Measurements of turbulent transfer in the near‐surface layer over a rice paddy in China
Identifieur interne : 000D56 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 000D55; suivant : 000D57Measurements of turbulent transfer in the near‐surface layer over a rice paddy in China
Auteurs : Zhiqiu Gao ; Lingen Bian ; Xiuji ZhouSource :
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres [ 0148-0227 ] ; 2003-07-16.
Abstract
Eddy covariance measurements were conducted on fluxes of moisture, heat, and CO2 in a near‐surface layer over a rice paddy in the central plain of China from 10 June to 20 July 2001. During this period, the canopy height increased from 0.16 to 0.65 m. The study site, typical of the agricultural region in China, was ∼600 m × 600 m, was surrounded by similar rice paddies and was flooded throughout the entire experiment. We estimated the zero plane displacement and the roughness length at the end of the experiment to be 0.43 m and 0.027 m, respectively. Aerodynamic roughness length increased with increasing wind speed when the rice height was >0.5 m. On the basis of footprint analysis, we expected >90% of the measured flux (at a height of 3 m above water) to occur within the nearest 600 m of upwind area. We examined daily and seasonal variations in the components of the surface energy balance and in CO2 flux. Results show that the pattern of energy partition had no obvious variation during the season. Daytime absorption and nighttime release of CO2 flux by the rice paddy gradually increased as the rice grew. We examined the energy budget closure and found it to be around 0.91. We tested the extended Louis scheme using eddy covariance techniques. It estimated surface stress in good agreement with direct measurements. However, on average, this scheme underestimated sensible heat flux by 10% and latent heat flux by 11%.
Url:
DOI: 10.1029/2002JD002779
Links to Exploration step
ISTEX:0DC2604FD3614503E42B92B17879729AC9E1BA6CLe document en format XML
<record><TEI wicri:istexFullTextTei="biblStruct"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Measurements of turbulent transfer in the near‐surface layer over a rice paddy in China</title><author><name sortKey="Gao, Zhiqiu" sort="Gao, Zhiqiu" uniqKey="Gao Z" first="Zhiqiu" last="Gao">Zhiqiu Gao</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Chinese Academy of Meteorological Science, Beijing, China</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Now at Department of Meteorology, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, California, USA.</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: zgao@nps.navy.mil</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bian, Lingen" sort="Bian, Lingen" uniqKey="Bian L" first="Lingen" last="Bian">Lingen Bian</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Chinese Academy of Meteorological Science, Beijing, China</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhou, Xiuji" sort="Zhou, Xiuji" uniqKey="Zhou X" first="Xiuji" last="Zhou">Xiuji Zhou</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Chinese Academy of Meteorological Science, Beijing, China</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno><idno type="RBID">ISTEX:0DC2604FD3614503E42B92B17879729AC9E1BA6C</idno><date when="2003" year="2003">2003</date><idno type="doi">10.1029/2002JD002779</idno><idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/document/0DC2604FD3614503E42B92B17879729AC9E1BA6C/fulltext/pdf</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Corpus">000D56</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Istex" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="ISTEX">000D56</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Measurements of turbulent transfer in the near‐surface layer over a rice paddy in China</title><author><name sortKey="Gao, Zhiqiu" sort="Gao, Zhiqiu" uniqKey="Gao Z" first="Zhiqiu" last="Gao">Zhiqiu Gao</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Chinese Academy of Meteorological Science, Beijing, China</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Now at Department of Meteorology, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, California, USA.</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: zgao@nps.navy.mil</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bian, Lingen" sort="Bian, Lingen" uniqKey="Bian L" first="Lingen" last="Bian">Lingen Bian</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Chinese Academy of Meteorological Science, Beijing, China</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhou, Xiuji" sort="Zhou, Xiuji" uniqKey="Zhou X" first="Xiuji" last="Zhou">Xiuji Zhou</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Chinese Academy of Meteorological Science, Beijing, China</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">J. Geophys. Res.</title><idno type="ISSN">0148-0227</idno><idno type="eISSN">2156-2202</idno><imprint><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><date type="published" when="2003-07-16">2003-07-16</date><biblScope unit="volume">108</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">D13</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="/">n/a</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="/">n/a</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0148-0227</idno></series><idno type="istex">0DC2604FD3614503E42B92B17879729AC9E1BA6C</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1029/2002JD002779</idno><idno type="ArticleID">2002JD002779</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0148-0227</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract">Eddy covariance measurements were conducted on fluxes of moisture, heat, and CO2 in a near‐surface layer over a rice paddy in the central plain of China from 10 June to 20 July 2001. During this period, the canopy height increased from 0.16 to 0.65 m. The study site, typical of the agricultural region in China, was ∼600 m × 600 m, was surrounded by similar rice paddies and was flooded throughout the entire experiment. We estimated the zero plane displacement and the roughness length at the end of the experiment to be 0.43 m and 0.027 m, respectively. Aerodynamic roughness length increased with increasing wind speed when the rice height was >0.5 m. On the basis of footprint analysis, we expected >90% of the measured flux (at a height of 3 m above water) to occur within the nearest 600 m of upwind area. We examined daily and seasonal variations in the components of the surface energy balance and in CO2 flux. Results show that the pattern of energy partition had no obvious variation during the season. Daytime absorption and nighttime release of CO2 flux by the rice paddy gradually increased as the rice grew. We examined the energy budget closure and found it to be around 0.91. We tested the extended Louis scheme using eddy covariance techniques. It estimated surface stress in good agreement with direct measurements. However, on average, this scheme underestimated sensible heat flux by 10% and latent heat flux by 11%.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>wiley</corpusName><author><json:item><name>Zhiqiu Gao</name><affiliations><json:string>Chinese Academy of Meteorological Science, Beijing, China</json:string><json:string>Now at Department of Meteorology, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, California, USA.</json:string><json:string>E-mail: zgao@nps.navy.mil</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Lingen Bian</name><affiliations><json:string>Chinese Academy of Meteorological Science, Beijing, China</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Xiuji Zhou</name><affiliations><json:string>Chinese Academy of Meteorological Science, Beijing, China</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>measurements</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>turbulent transfer</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>rice paddy</value></json:item></subject><articleId><json:string>2002JD002779</json:string></articleId><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>Eddy covariance measurements were conducted on fluxes of moisture, heat, and CO2 in a near‐surface layer over a rice paddy in the central plain of China from 10 June to 20 July 2001. During this period, the canopy height increased from 0.16 to 0.65 m. The study site, typical of the agricultural region in China, was ∼600 m × 600 m, was surrounded by similar rice paddies and was flooded throughout the entire experiment. We estimated the zero plane displacement and the roughness length at the end of the experiment to be 0.43 m and 0.027 m, respectively. Aerodynamic roughness length increased with increasing wind speed when the rice height was >0.5 m. On the basis of footprint analysis, we expected >90% of the measured flux (at a height of 3 m above water) to occur within the nearest 600 m of upwind area. We examined daily and seasonal variations in the components of the surface energy balance and in CO2 flux. Results show that the pattern of energy partition had no obvious variation during the season. Daytime absorption and nighttime release of CO2 flux by the rice paddy gradually increased as the rice grew. We examined the energy budget closure and found it to be around 0.91. We tested the extended Louis scheme using eddy covariance techniques. It estimated surface stress in good agreement with direct measurements. However, on average, this scheme underestimated sensible heat flux by 10% and latent heat flux by 11%.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>7.94</score><pdfVersion>1.3</pdfVersion><pdfPageSize>592 x 807 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><abstractCharCount>1437</abstractCharCount><pdfWordCount>8079</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>43778</pdfCharCount><pdfPageCount>13</pdfPageCount><abstractWordCount>245</abstractWordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Measurements of turbulent transfer in the near‐surface layer over a rice paddy in China</title><genre><json:string>article</json:string></genre><host><volume>108</volume><publisherId><json:string>JGRD</json:string></publisherId><pages><total>13</total><last>n/a</last><first>n/a</first></pages><issn><json:string>0148-0227</json:string></issn><issue>D13</issue><subject><json:item><value>Climate and Dynamics</value></json:item><json:item><value>ATMOSPHERIC COMPOSITION AND STRUCTURE</value></json:item><json:item><value>Biosphere/atmosphere interactions</value></json:item><json:item><value>ATMOSPHERIC PROCESSES</value></json:item><json:item><value>Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics: Boundary layer processes</value></json:item><json:item><value>Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics: Land/atmosphere interactions</value></json:item><json:item><value>Climate and Dynamics</value></json:item></subject><genre><json:string>journal</json:string></genre><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><eissn><json:string>2156-2202</json:string></eissn><title>Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres</title><doi><json:string>10.1002/(ISSN)2156-2202d</json:string></doi></host><categories><wos><json:string>science</json:string><json:string>geosciences, multidisciplinary</json:string></wos><scienceMetrix><json:string>natural sciences</json:string><json:string>earth & environmental sciences</json:string><json:string>meteorology & atmospheric sciences</json:string></scienceMetrix></categories><publicationDate>2003</publicationDate><copyrightDate>2003</copyrightDate><doi><json:string>10.1029/2002JD002779</json:string></doi><id>0DC2604FD3614503E42B92B17879729AC9E1BA6C</id><score>0.040223107</score><fulltext><json:item><extension>pdf</extension><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/0DC2604FD3614503E42B92B17879729AC9E1BA6C/fulltext/pdf</uri></json:item><json:item><extension>zip</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>application/zip</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/0DC2604FD3614503E42B92B17879729AC9E1BA6C/fulltext/zip</uri></json:item><istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/0DC2604FD3614503E42B92B17879729AC9E1BA6C/fulltext/tei"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Measurements of turbulent transfer in the near‐surface layer over a rice paddy in China</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><availability><p>Copyright 2003 by the American Geophysical Union.</p></availability><date>2003</date></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="inbook"><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Measurements of turbulent transfer in the near‐surface layer over a rice paddy in China</title><author xml:id="author-1"><persName><forename type="first">Zhiqiu</forename><surname>Gao</surname></persName><email>zgao@nps.navy.mil</email><affiliation>Chinese Academy of Meteorological Science, Beijing, China</affiliation><affiliation>Now at Department of Meteorology, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, California, USA.</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-2"><persName><forename type="first">Lingen</forename><surname>Bian</surname></persName><affiliation>Chinese Academy of Meteorological Science, Beijing, China</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-3"><persName><forename type="first">Xiuji</forename><surname>Zhou</surname></persName><affiliation>Chinese Academy of Meteorological Science, Beijing, China</affiliation></author></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">J. Geophys. Res.</title><idno type="pISSN">0148-0227</idno><idno type="eISSN">2156-2202</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1002/(ISSN)2156-2202d</idno><imprint><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><date type="published" when="2003-07-16"></date><biblScope unit="volume">108</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">D13</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="/">n/a</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="/">n/a</biblScope></imprint></monogr><idno type="istex">0DC2604FD3614503E42B92B17879729AC9E1BA6C</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1029/2002JD002779</idno><idno type="ArticleID">2002JD002779</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>2003</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract><p>Eddy covariance measurements were conducted on fluxes of moisture, heat, and CO2 in a near‐surface layer over a rice paddy in the central plain of China from 10 June to 20 July 2001. During this period, the canopy height increased from 0.16 to 0.65 m. The study site, typical of the agricultural region in China, was ∼600 m × 600 m, was surrounded by similar rice paddies and was flooded throughout the entire experiment. We estimated the zero plane displacement and the roughness length at the end of the experiment to be 0.43 m and 0.027 m, respectively. Aerodynamic roughness length increased with increasing wind speed when the rice height was >0.5 m. On the basis of footprint analysis, we expected >90% of the measured flux (at a height of 3 m above water) to occur within the nearest 600 m of upwind area. We examined daily and seasonal variations in the components of the surface energy balance and in CO2 flux. Results show that the pattern of energy partition had no obvious variation during the season. Daytime absorption and nighttime release of CO2 flux by the rice paddy gradually increased as the rice grew. We examined the energy budget closure and found it to be around 0.91. We tested the extended Louis scheme using eddy covariance techniques. It estimated surface stress in good agreement with direct measurements. However, on average, this scheme underestimated sensible heat flux by 10% and latent heat flux by 11%.</p></abstract><textClass><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><head>keywords</head><item><term>measurements</term></item><item><term>turbulent transfer</term></item><item><term>rice paddy</term></item></list></keywords></textClass><textClass><keywords scheme="Journal Subject"><list><head>index-terms</head><item><term>Climate and Dynamics</term></item><item><term>ATMOSPHERIC COMPOSITION AND STRUCTURE</term></item><item><term>Biosphere/atmosphere interactions</term></item><item><term>ATMOSPHERIC PROCESSES</term></item><item><term>Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics: Boundary layer processes</term></item><item><term>Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics: Land/atmosphere interactions</term></item></list></keywords></textClass><textClass><keywords scheme="Journal Subject"><list><head>article-category</head><item><term>Climate and Dynamics</term></item></list></keywords></textClass></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="2002-07-16">Received</change><change when="2003-03-13">Registration</change><change when="2003-07-16">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/0DC2604FD3614503E42B92B17879729AC9E1BA6C/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Wiley, elements deleted: body"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:document><component type="serialArticle" version="2.0" xml:lang="en" xml:id="jgrd10109"><header><publicationMeta level="product"><doi>10.1002/(ISSN)2156-2202d</doi><issn type="print">0148-0227</issn><issn type="electronic">2156-2202</issn><idGroup><id type="product" value="JGRD"></id><id type="coden" value="JGREA2"></id></idGroup><titleGroup><title type="main" xml:lang="en" sort="JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH: ATMOSPHERES">Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres</title><title type="short">J. Geophys. Res.</title></titleGroup></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="part" position="130"><doi>10.1002/jgrd.v108.D13</doi><idGroup><id type="focusSection" value="4"></id></idGroup><titleGroup><title type="focusSection" xml:lang="en">Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres</title></titleGroup><numberingGroup><numbering type="journalVolume" number="108">108</numbering><numbering type="journalIssue">D13</numbering></numberingGroup><coverDate startDate="2003-07-16">16 July 2003</coverDate></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="unit" position="580" type="article" status="forIssue"><doi>10.1029/2002JD002779</doi><idGroup><id type="editorialOffice" value="2002JD002779"></id><id type="society" value="4387"></id><id type="unit" value="JGRD10109"></id></idGroup><countGroup><count type="pageTotal" number="13"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="articleCategory">Climate and Dynamics</title><title type="tocHeading1">Climate and Dynamics</title></titleGroup><copyright ownership="thirdParty">Copyright 2003 by the American Geophysical Union.</copyright><eventGroup><event type="manuscriptReceived" date="2002-07-16"></event><event type="manuscriptRevised" date="2003-02-23"></event><event type="manuscriptAccepted" date="2003-03-13"></event><event type="firstOnline" date="2003-07-08"></event><event type="publishedOnlineFinalForm" date="2003-07-08"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="SPi Global Converter:AGUv3.42_TO_WileyML3Gv1.0.3 version:1.2; WileyML 3G Packaging Tool v1.0; AGU2WileyML3G Final Clean Up v1.0" date="2012-12-17"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WILEY_ML3G_TO_WILEY_ML3GV2 version:3.8.8" date="2014-01-30"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WML3G_To_WML3G version:4.1.7 mode:FullText,remove_FC" date="2014-10-30"></event></eventGroup><numberingGroup><numbering type="pageFirst">n/a</numbering><numbering type="pageLast">n/a</numbering></numberingGroup><subjectInfo><subject href="http://psi.agu.org/subset/ACL">Climate and Dynamics</subject><subject href="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/0300">ATMOSPHERIC COMPOSITION AND STRUCTURE</subject><subjectInfo><subject href="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/0315">Biosphere/atmosphere interactions</subject></subjectInfo><subject href="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/3300">ATMOSPHERIC PROCESSES</subject><subjectInfo><subject href="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/3307">Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics: Boundary layer processes</subject><subject href="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/3322">Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics: Land/atmosphere interactions</subject></subjectInfo></subjectInfo><selfCitationGroup><citation xml:id="jgrd10109-cit-0000" type="self"><author><familyName>Gao</familyName>, <givenNames>Zhiqiu</givenNames></author>, <author><givenNames>Lingen</givenNames> <familyName>Bian</familyName></author>, and <author><givenNames>Xiuji</givenNames> <familyName>Zhou</familyName></author> (<pubYear year="2003">2003</pubYear>), <articleTitle>Measurements of turbulent transfer in the near‐surface layer over a rice paddy in China</articleTitle>, <journalTitle>J. Geophys. Res.</journalTitle>, <vol>108</vol>, 4387, doi:<accessionId ref="info:doi/10.1029/2002JD002779">10.1029/2002JD002779</accessionId>, <issue>D13</issue>.</citation></selfCitationGroup><objectNameGroup><objectName elementName="appendix">Appendix</objectName></objectNameGroup><linkGroup><link type="toTypesetVersion" href="file:JGRD.JGRD10109.pdf"></link></linkGroup></publicationMeta><contentMeta><countGroup><count type="figureTotal" number="10"></count><count type="tableTotal" number="1"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="main">Measurements of turbulent transfer in the near‐surface layer over a rice paddy in China</title><title type="short">MEASUREMENTS OF FLUXES OVER RICE PADDY</title><title type="shortAuthors">Gao <i>et al</i>.</title></titleGroup><creators><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="jgrd10109-cr-0001" affiliationRef="#jgrd10109-aff-0001 #jgrd10109-aff-0002"><personName><givenNames>Zhiqiu</givenNames> <familyName>Gao</familyName></personName><contactDetails><email normalForm="zgao@nps.navy.mil">zgao@nps.navy.mil</email></contactDetails></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="jgrd10109-cr-0002" affiliationRef="#jgrd10109-aff-0001"><personName><givenNames>Lingen</givenNames> <familyName>Bian</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="jgrd10109-cr-0003" affiliationRef="#jgrd10109-aff-0001"><personName><givenNames>Xiuji</givenNames> <familyName>Zhou</familyName></personName></creator></creators><affiliationGroup><affiliation countryCode="CN" type="organization" xml:id="jgrd10109-aff-0001"><orgName>Chinese Academy of Meteorological Science</orgName><address><city>Beijing</city><country>China</country></address></affiliation><affiliation type="organization" xml:id="jgrd10109-aff-0002"><unparsedAffiliation>Now at Department of Meteorology, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, California, USA.</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation></affiliationGroup><keywordGroup type="author"><keyword xml:id="jgrd10109-kwd-0001">measurements</keyword><keyword xml:id="jgrd10109-kwd-0002">turbulent transfer</keyword><keyword xml:id="jgrd10109-kwd-0003">rice paddy</keyword></keywordGroup><supportingInformation></supportingInformation><abstractGroup><abstract type="main"><p xml:id="jgrd10109-para-0001" label="1">Eddy covariance measurements were conducted on fluxes of moisture, heat, and CO<sub>2</sub> in a near‐surface layer over a rice paddy in the central plain of China from 10 June to 20 July 2001. During this period, the canopy height increased from 0.16 to 0.65 m. The study site, typical of the agricultural region in China, was ∼600 m × 600 m, was surrounded by similar rice paddies and was flooded throughout the entire experiment. We estimated the zero plane displacement and the roughness length at the end of the experiment to be 0.43 m and 0.027 m, respectively. Aerodynamic roughness length increased with increasing wind speed when the rice height was >0.5 m. On the basis of footprint analysis, we expected >90% of the measured flux (at a height of 3 m above water) to occur within the nearest 600 m of upwind area. We examined daily and seasonal variations in the components of the surface energy balance and in CO<sub>2</sub> flux. Results show that the pattern of energy partition had no obvious variation during the season. Daytime absorption and nighttime release of CO<sub>2</sub> flux by the rice paddy gradually increased as the rice grew. We examined the energy budget closure and found it to be around 0.91. We tested the extended Louis scheme using eddy covariance techniques. It estimated surface stress in good agreement with direct measurements. However, on average, this scheme underestimated sensible heat flux by 10% and latent heat flux by 11%.</p></abstract></abstractGroup></contentMeta></header></component></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Measurements of turbulent transfer in the near‐surface layer over a rice paddy in China</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated" lang="en"><title>MEASUREMENTS OF FLUXES OVER RICE PADDY</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>Measurements of turbulent transfer in the near‐surface layer over a rice paddy in China</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Zhiqiu</namePart><namePart type="family">Gao</namePart><affiliation>Chinese Academy of Meteorological Science, Beijing, China</affiliation><affiliation>Now at Department of Meteorology, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, California, USA.</affiliation><affiliation>E-mail: zgao@nps.navy.mil</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Lingen</namePart><namePart type="family">Bian</namePart><affiliation>Chinese Academy of Meteorological Science, Beijing, China</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Xiuji</namePart><namePart type="family">Zhou</namePart><affiliation>Chinese Academy of Meteorological Science, Beijing, China</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="article" displayLabel="article"></genre><originInfo><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2003-07-16</dateIssued><dateCaptured encoding="w3cdtf">2002-07-16</dateCaptured><dateValid encoding="w3cdtf">2003-03-13</dateValid><edition>Gao, Zhiqiu, Lingen Bian, and Xiuji Zhou (2003), Measurements of turbulent transfer in the near‐surface layer over a rice paddy in China, J. Geophys. Res., 108, 4387, doi:10.1029/2002JD002779, D13.</edition><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2003</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType><extent unit="figures">10</extent><extent unit="tables">1</extent></physicalDescription><abstract>Eddy covariance measurements were conducted on fluxes of moisture, heat, and CO2 in a near‐surface layer over a rice paddy in the central plain of China from 10 June to 20 July 2001. During this period, the canopy height increased from 0.16 to 0.65 m. The study site, typical of the agricultural region in China, was ∼600 m × 600 m, was surrounded by similar rice paddies and was flooded throughout the entire experiment. We estimated the zero plane displacement and the roughness length at the end of the experiment to be 0.43 m and 0.027 m, respectively. Aerodynamic roughness length increased with increasing wind speed when the rice height was >0.5 m. On the basis of footprint analysis, we expected >90% of the measured flux (at a height of 3 m above water) to occur within the nearest 600 m of upwind area. We examined daily and seasonal variations in the components of the surface energy balance and in CO2 flux. Results show that the pattern of energy partition had no obvious variation during the season. Daytime absorption and nighttime release of CO2 flux by the rice paddy gradually increased as the rice grew. We examined the energy budget closure and found it to be around 0.91. We tested the extended Louis scheme using eddy covariance techniques. It estimated surface stress in good agreement with direct measurements. However, on average, this scheme underestimated sensible heat flux by 10% and latent heat flux by 11%.</abstract><subject><genre>keywords</genre><topic>measurements</topic><topic>turbulent transfer</topic><topic>rice paddy</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>J. Geophys. Res.</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal">journal</genre><subject><genre>index-terms</genre><topic authorityURI="http://psi.agu.org/subset/ACL">Climate and Dynamics</topic><topic authorityURI="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/0300">ATMOSPHERIC COMPOSITION AND STRUCTURE</topic><topic authorityURI="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/0315">Biosphere/atmosphere interactions</topic><topic authorityURI="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/3300">ATMOSPHERIC PROCESSES</topic><topic authorityURI="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/3307">Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics: Boundary layer processes</topic><topic authorityURI="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/3322">Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics: Land/atmosphere interactions</topic></subject><subject><genre>article-category</genre><topic>Climate and Dynamics</topic></subject><identifier type="ISSN">0148-0227</identifier><identifier type="eISSN">2156-2202</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1002/(ISSN)2156-2202d</identifier><identifier type="CODEN">JGREA2</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID">JGRD</identifier><part><date>2003</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>108</number></detail><detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption><number>D13</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>n/a</start><end>n/a</end><total>13</total></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">0DC2604FD3614503E42B92B17879729AC9E1BA6C</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1029/2002JD002779</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">2002JD002779</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">Copyright 2003 by the American Geophysical Union.</accessCondition><recordInfo><recordContentSource>WILEY</recordContentSource></recordInfo></mods></metadata><serie></serie></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Wicri/Agronomie/explor/SisAgriV1/Data/Istex/Corpus
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 000D56 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Istex/Corpus/biblio.hfd -nk 000D56 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien
|wiki= Wicri/Agronomie
|area= SisAgriV1
|flux= Istex
|étape= Corpus
|type= RBID
|clé= ISTEX:0DC2604FD3614503E42B92B17879729AC9E1BA6C
|texte= Measurements of turbulent transfer in the near‐surface layer over a rice paddy in China
}}
| This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.28. |  |