Thermal decomposition of bis (2-chloroethyl) sulphide and bis (2-chloroethyl) ether between 300 and 500°C
Identifieur interne : 000E22 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 000E21; suivant : 000E23Thermal decomposition of bis (2-chloroethyl) sulphide and bis (2-chloroethyl) ether between 300 and 500°C
Auteurs : F. Battin-Leclerc ; F. Baronnet ; G. Paternotte ; J. P. Leclerc ; R. GourhanSource :
- Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis [ 0165-2370 ] ; 2000.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Anal, Appl, Bis (2-chloroethyl) ether, Bis (2-chloroethyl) sulphide, Carbon monoxide, Ch2cl, Chain carriers, Chemical weapons, Chlorine atoms, Clch2, Ether, Ethyl ether, Ethylene, Ethylene sulphide, Experimental results, Hydrochloric acid, Main reaction products, Major products, Methane, Methyl, Methyl chloride, Minor products, Molecular elimination reaction, Molecular sulphur, Monoxide, Organic compounds, Partial pressure, Pyrolysis, Reaction time, Reaction times, Static reactor, Stoichiometric, Sulphide, Thermal decomposition, Thiophene, Vinyl chloride, Yperite.
- Teeft :
- Anal, Appl, Carbon monoxide, Ch2cl, Chain carriers, Chemical weapons, Chlorine atoms, Clch2, Ether, Ethyl ether, Ethylene, Ethylene sulphide, Experimental results, Hydrochloric acid, Main reaction products, Major products, Methane, Methyl, Methyl chloride, Minor products, Molecular elimination reaction, Molecular sulphur, Monoxide, Organic compounds, Partial pressure, Pyrolysis, Reaction time, Reaction times, Static reactor, Stoichiometric, Sulphide, Thermal decomposition, Thiophene, Vinyl chloride, Yperite.
Abstract
Abstract: The gas-phase pyrolysis of bis (2-chloroethyl) sulphide (usually named yperite) has been investigated in a static reactor in the following conditions, temperatures ranging from 300 to 500°C, an initial pressure of 16.67 kPa with a dilution in nitrogen and reaction times ranging from 1 to 10 min. To obtain a better understanding of the mechanism of the thermal decomposition of bis (2-chloroethyl) sulphide, we have also studied the pyrolysis of the oxygenated equivalent compound, bis (2-chloroethyl) ether, under the same conditions. A 99% conversion of bis (2-chloroethyl) sulphide was obtained at 500°C; the major products detected were vinyl chloride and ethylene. In the case of bis (2-chloroethyl) ether, the major products observed were vinyl chloride, methyl chloride, methane, ethylene and carbon monoxide. For both compounds studied, a kinetic mechanism has been proposed which involves a molecular four-centre elimination reaction and free-radical reactions. The study clearly shows the possible industrial use of this process to destroy agents in chemical weapons and a first range of temperatures and reaction times has been selected for a future reactor design.
Url:
DOI: 10.1016/S0165-2370(99)00098-4
Links to Exploration step
ISTEX:55A4268C5D0A17A2D06DC32233C00913B9F2D373Le document en format XML
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Battin-Leclerc</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: frederique.battin-leclerc@dcpr.ensic.u-nancy.fr</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Departement de Chemie-Physique des Reactions, ENSIC-CNRS, Universite de Nancy, 1 rue Grandville, BP 451, 54001 Nancy Cedex, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Baronnet, F" sort="Baronnet, F" uniqKey="Baronnet F" first="F." last="Baronnet">F. Baronnet</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Departement de Chemie-Physique des Reactions, ENSIC-CNRS, Universite de Nancy, 1 rue Grandville, BP 451, 54001 Nancy Cedex, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Paternotte, G" sort="Paternotte, G" uniqKey="Paternotte G" first="G." last="Paternotte">G. 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To obtain a better understanding of the mechanism of the thermal decomposition of bis (2-chloroethyl) sulphide, we have also studied the pyrolysis of the oxygenated equivalent compound, bis (2-chloroethyl) ether, under the same conditions. A 99% conversion of bis (2-chloroethyl) sulphide was obtained at 500°C; the major products detected were vinyl chloride and ethylene. In the case of bis (2-chloroethyl) ether, the major products observed were vinyl chloride, methyl chloride, methane, ethylene and carbon monoxide. For both compounds studied, a kinetic mechanism has been proposed which involves a molecular four-centre elimination reaction and free-radical reactions. The study clearly shows the possible industrial use of this process to destroy agents in chemical weapons and a first range of temperatures and reaction times has been selected for a future reactor design.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>elsevier</corpusName><keywords><teeft><json:string>sulphide</json:string><json:string>pyrolysis</json:string><json:string>ch2cl</json:string><json:string>ethylene</json:string><json:string>ether</json:string><json:string>appl</json:string><json:string>anal</json:string><json:string>vinyl chloride</json:string><json:string>monoxide</json:string><json:string>methane</json:string><json:string>carbon monoxide</json:string><json:string>thermal decomposition</json:string><json:string>methyl chloride</json:string><json:string>reaction time</json:string><json:string>clch2</json:string><json:string>yperite</json:string><json:string>stoichiometric</json:string><json:string>thiophene</json:string><json:string>chemical weapons</json:string><json:string>major products</json:string><json:string>minor products</json:string><json:string>chain carriers</json:string><json:string>hydrochloric acid</json:string><json:string>ethylene sulphide</json:string><json:string>molecular elimination reaction</json:string><json:string>static reactor</json:string><json:string>ethyl ether</json:string><json:string>reaction times</json:string><json:string>partial pressure</json:string><json:string>chlorine atoms</json:string><json:string>main reaction products</json:string><json:string>experimental results</json:string><json:string>molecular sulphur</json:string><json:string>organic compounds</json:string><json:string>methyl</json:string></teeft></keywords><author><json:item><name>F. Battin-Leclerc</name><affiliations><json:string>E-mail: frederique.battin-leclerc@dcpr.ensic.u-nancy.fr</json:string><json:string>Departement de Chemie-Physique des Reactions, ENSIC-CNRS, Universite de Nancy, 1 rue Grandville, BP 451, 54001 Nancy Cedex, France</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>F. Baronnet</name><affiliations><json:string>Departement de Chemie-Physique des Reactions, ENSIC-CNRS, Universite de Nancy, 1 rue Grandville, BP 451, 54001 Nancy Cedex, France</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>G. Paternotte</name><affiliations><json:string>PROGEPI, 1, rue Grandville, BP 451, 54001 Nancy Cedex, France</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>J.P. Leclerc</name><affiliations><json:string>PROGEPI, 1, rue Grandville, BP 451, 54001 Nancy Cedex, France</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>R. Gourhan</name><affiliations><json:string>51000 Cherbourg, France</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Yperite</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Bis (2-chloroethyl) sulphide</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Bis (2-chloroethyl) ether</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Thermal decomposition</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Chemical weapons</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Pyrolysis</value></json:item></subject><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>Full-length article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>The gas-phase pyrolysis of bis (2-chloroethyl) sulphide (usually named yperite) has been investigated in a static reactor in the following conditions, temperatures ranging from 300 to 500°C, an initial pressure of 16.67 kPa with a dilution in nitrogen and reaction times ranging from 1 to 10 min. To obtain a better understanding of the mechanism of the thermal decomposition of bis (2-chloroethyl) sulphide, we have also studied the pyrolysis of the oxygenated equivalent compound, bis (2-chloroethyl) ether, under the same conditions. A 99% conversion of bis (2-chloroethyl) sulphide was obtained at 500°C; the major products detected were vinyl chloride and ethylene. In the case of bis (2-chloroethyl) ether, the major products observed were vinyl chloride, methyl chloride, methane, ethylene and carbon monoxide. For both compounds studied, a kinetic mechanism has been proposed which involves a molecular four-centre elimination reaction and free-radical reactions. The study clearly shows the possible industrial use of this process to destroy agents in chemical weapons and a first range of temperatures and reaction times has been selected for a future reactor design.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>5.838</score><pdfVersion>1.2</pdfVersion><pdfPageSize>542 x 685 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><keywordCount>6</keywordCount><abstractCharCount>1177</abstractCharCount><pdfWordCount>3726</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>22118</pdfCharCount><pdfPageCount>14</pdfPageCount><abstractWordCount>176</abstractWordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Thermal decomposition of bis (2-chloroethyl) sulphide and bis (2-chloroethyl) ether between 300 and 500°C</title><pii><json:string>S0165-2370(99)00098-4</json:string></pii><genre><json:string>research-article</json:string></genre><serie><title>Comprehensive Chemical Kinetics</title><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><volume>5</volume><editor><json:item><name>C.H. Bamford</name></json:item><json:item><name>C.F.H. Tipper</name></json:item></editor></serie><host><title>Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis</title><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><publicationDate>2000</publicationDate><issn><json:string>0165-2370</json:string></issn><pii><json:string>S0165-2370(00)X0040-X</json:string></pii><volume>55</volume><issue>2</issue><pages><first>203</first><last>216</last></pages><genre><json:string>journal</json:string></genre></host><categories><wos><json:string>science</json:string><json:string>spectroscopy</json:string><json:string>chemistry, analytical</json:string></wos><scienceMetrix><json:string>applied sciences</json:string><json:string>enabling & strategic technologies</json:string><json:string>energy</json:string></scienceMetrix><inist><json:string>sciences appliquees, technologies et medecines</json:string><json:string>sciences biologiques et medicales</json:string><json:string>sciences biologiques fondamentales et appliquees. psychologie</json:string></inist></categories><publicationDate>2000</publicationDate><copyrightDate>2000</copyrightDate><doi><json:string>10.1016/S0165-2370(99)00098-4</json:string></doi><id>55A4268C5D0A17A2D06DC32233C00913B9F2D373</id><score>1</score><fulltext><json:item><extension>pdf</extension><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/55A4268C5D0A17A2D06DC32233C00913B9F2D373/fulltext/pdf</uri></json:item><json:item><extension>zip</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>application/zip</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/55A4268C5D0A17A2D06DC32233C00913B9F2D373/fulltext/zip</uri></json:item><istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/55A4268C5D0A17A2D06DC32233C00913B9F2D373/fulltext/tei"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Thermal decomposition of bis (2-chloroethyl) sulphide and bis (2-chloroethyl) ether between 300 and 500°C</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><availability><p>©2000 Elsevier Science B.V.</p></availability><date>2000</date></publicationStmt><notesStmt><note type="content">Fig. 1: Scheme of the static vessel.</note><note type="content">Fig. 2: Typical profiles of the pressure vs. time for the thermal decomposition of bis (2-chloroethyl) sulphide. Theoretical initial pressure, 16.67 kPa.</note><note type="content">Fig. 3: Product formation during the pyrolysis of bis (2-chloroethyl) sulphide vs. temperature. Theoretical initial pressure, 16.67 kPa; reaction time, 10 min.</note><note type="content">Fig. 4: Product formation during the pyrolysis of bis (2-chloroethyl) ether vs. temperature. (a) Major products, (b) minor products. Theoretical initial pressure, 16.67 kPa; reaction time, 10 min.</note><note type="content">Fig. 5: Evolution of the partial pressures of the major products with reaction time during the pyrolysis of bis (2-chloroethyl) at 400°C. Theoretical initial pressure, 16.67 kPa.</note><note type="content">Table 1: Summary of the main experimental resultsa</note></notesStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="inbook"><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Thermal decomposition of bis (2-chloroethyl) sulphide and bis (2-chloroethyl) ether between 300 and 500°C</title><author xml:id="author-0000"><persName><forename type="first">F.</forename><surname>Battin-Leclerc</surname></persName><email>frederique.battin-leclerc@dcpr.ensic.u-nancy.fr</email><note type="correspondence"><p>Corresponding author. Tel.: +33-3-83175125; fax: +33-3-83378120</p></note><affiliation>Departement de Chemie-Physique des Reactions, ENSIC-CNRS, Universite de Nancy, 1 rue Grandville, BP 451, 54001 Nancy Cedex, France</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0001"><persName><forename type="first">F.</forename><surname>Baronnet</surname></persName><affiliation>Departement de Chemie-Physique des Reactions, ENSIC-CNRS, Universite de Nancy, 1 rue Grandville, BP 451, 54001 Nancy Cedex, France</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0002"><persName><forename type="first">G.</forename><surname>Paternotte</surname></persName><affiliation>PROGEPI, 1, rue Grandville, BP 451, 54001 Nancy Cedex, France</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0003"><persName><forename type="first">J.P.</forename><surname>Leclerc</surname></persName><affiliation>PROGEPI, 1, rue Grandville, BP 451, 54001 Nancy Cedex, France</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0004"><persName><forename type="first">R.</forename><surname>Gourhan</surname></persName><affiliation>51000 Cherbourg, France</affiliation></author><idno type="istex">55A4268C5D0A17A2D06DC32233C00913B9F2D373</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1016/S0165-2370(99)00098-4</idno><idno type="PII">S0165-2370(99)00098-4</idno></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">JAAP</title><idno type="pISSN">0165-2370</idno><idno type="PII">S0165-2370(00)X0040-X</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="2000"></date><biblScope unit="volume">55</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">2</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="203">203</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="216">216</biblScope></imprint></monogr></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>2000</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The gas-phase pyrolysis of bis (2-chloroethyl) sulphide (usually named yperite) has been investigated in a static reactor in the following conditions, temperatures ranging from 300 to 500°C, an initial pressure of 16.67 kPa with a dilution in nitrogen and reaction times ranging from 1 to 10 min. To obtain a better understanding of the mechanism of the thermal decomposition of bis (2-chloroethyl) sulphide, we have also studied the pyrolysis of the oxygenated equivalent compound, bis (2-chloroethyl) ether, under the same conditions. A 99% conversion of bis (2-chloroethyl) sulphide was obtained at 500°C; the major products detected were vinyl chloride and ethylene. In the case of bis (2-chloroethyl) ether, the major products observed were vinyl chloride, methyl chloride, methane, ethylene and carbon monoxide. For both compounds studied, a kinetic mechanism has been proposed which involves a molecular four-centre elimination reaction and free-radical reactions. The study clearly shows the possible industrial use of this process to destroy agents in chemical weapons and a first range of temperatures and reaction times has been selected for a future reactor design.</p></abstract><textClass xml:lang="en"><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><head>Keywords</head><item><term>Yperite</term></item><item><term>Bis (2-chloroethyl) sulphide</term></item><item><term>Bis (2-chloroethyl) ether</term></item><item><term>Thermal decomposition</term></item><item><term>Chemical weapons</term></item><item><term>Pyrolysis</term></item></list></keywords></textClass></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="1999-10-25">Modified</change><change when="2000">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/55A4268C5D0A17A2D06DC32233C00913B9F2D373/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Elsevier, elements deleted: ce:floats; body; tail"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:docType PUBLIC="-//ES//DTD journal article DTD version 4.5.2//EN//XML" URI="art452.dtd" name="istex:docType"><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr1" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr1"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr2" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr2"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr3" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr3"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr4" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr4"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr5" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr5"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="fx1" NDATA="IMAGE" name="fx1"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="fx2" NDATA="IMAGE" name="fx2"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="fx3" NDATA="IMAGE" name="fx3"></istex:entity></istex:docType><istex:document><converted-article version="4.5.2" docsubtype="fla" xml:lang="en"><item-info><jid>JAAP</jid><aid>1227</aid><ce:pii>S0165-2370(99)00098-4</ce:pii><ce:doi>10.1016/S0165-2370(99)00098-4</ce:doi><ce:copyright type="full-transfer" year="2000">Elsevier Science B.V.</ce:copyright></item-info><head><ce:title>Thermal decomposition of bis (2-chloroethyl) sulphide and bis (2-chloroethyl) ether between 300 and 500°C</ce:title><ce:author-group><ce:author><ce:given-name>F.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Battin-Leclerc</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1"><ce:sup>a</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref><ce:cross-ref refid="CORR1">*</ce:cross-ref><ce:e-address>frederique.battin-leclerc@dcpr.ensic.u-nancy.fr</ce:e-address></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>F.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Baronnet</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1"><ce:sup>a</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>G.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Paternotte</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF2"><ce:sup>b</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>J.P.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Leclerc</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF2"><ce:sup>b</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>R.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Gourhan</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF3"><ce:sup>c</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:affiliation id="AFF1"><ce:label>a</ce:label><ce:textfn>Departement de Chemie-Physique des Reactions, ENSIC-CNRS, Universite de Nancy, 1 rue Grandville, BP 451, 54001 Nancy Cedex, France</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="AFF2"><ce:label>b</ce:label><ce:textfn>PROGEPI, 1, rue Grandville, BP 451, 54001 Nancy Cedex, France</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="AFF3"><ce:label>c</ce:label><ce:textfn>51000 Cherbourg, France</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:correspondence id="CORR1"><ce:label>*</ce:label><ce:text>Corresponding author. Tel.: +33-3-83175125; fax: +33-3-83378120</ce:text></ce:correspondence></ce:author-group><ce:date-received day="14" month="6" year="1999"></ce:date-received><ce:date-revised day="25" month="10" year="1999"></ce:date-revised><ce:date-accepted day="8" month="12" year="1999"></ce:date-accepted><ce:abstract><ce:section-title>Abstract</ce:section-title><ce:abstract-sec><ce:simple-para>The gas-phase pyrolysis of bis (2-chloroethyl) sulphide (usually named yperite) has been investigated in a static reactor in the following conditions, temperatures ranging from 300 to 500°C, an initial pressure of 16.67 kPa with a dilution in nitrogen and reaction times ranging from 1 to 10 min. To obtain a better understanding of the mechanism of the thermal decomposition of bis (2-chloroethyl) sulphide, we have also studied the pyrolysis of the oxygenated equivalent compound, bis (2-chloroethyl) ether, under the same conditions. A 99% conversion of bis (2-chloroethyl) sulphide was obtained at 500°C; the major products detected were vinyl chloride and ethylene. In the case of bis (2-chloroethyl) ether, the major products observed were vinyl chloride, methyl chloride, methane, ethylene and carbon monoxide. For both compounds studied, a kinetic mechanism has been proposed which involves a molecular four-centre elimination reaction and free-radical reactions. The study clearly shows the possible industrial use of this process to destroy agents in chemical weapons and a first range of temperatures and reaction times has been selected for a future reactor design.</ce:simple-para></ce:abstract-sec></ce:abstract><ce:keywords class="keyword"><ce:section-title>Keywords</ce:section-title><ce:keyword><ce:text>Yperite</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Bis (2-chloroethyl) sulphide</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Bis (2-chloroethyl) ether</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Thermal decomposition</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Chemical weapons</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Pyrolysis</ce:text></ce:keyword></ce:keywords></head></converted-article></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Thermal decomposition of bis (2-chloroethyl) sulphide and bis (2-chloroethyl) ether between 300 and 500°C</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" lang="en" contentType="CDATA"><title>Thermal decomposition of bis (2-chloroethyl) sulphide and bis (2-chloroethyl) ether between 300 and 500°C</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">F.</namePart><namePart type="family">Battin-Leclerc</namePart><affiliation>E-mail: frederique.battin-leclerc@dcpr.ensic.u-nancy.fr</affiliation><affiliation>Departement de Chemie-Physique des Reactions, ENSIC-CNRS, Universite de Nancy, 1 rue Grandville, BP 451, 54001 Nancy Cedex, France</affiliation><description>Corresponding author. Tel.: +33-3-83175125; fax: +33-3-83378120</description><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">F.</namePart><namePart type="family">Baronnet</namePart><affiliation>Departement de Chemie-Physique des Reactions, ENSIC-CNRS, Universite de Nancy, 1 rue Grandville, BP 451, 54001 Nancy Cedex, France</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">G.</namePart><namePart type="family">Paternotte</namePart><affiliation>PROGEPI, 1, rue Grandville, BP 451, 54001 Nancy Cedex, France</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">J.P.</namePart><namePart type="family">Leclerc</namePart><affiliation>PROGEPI, 1, rue Grandville, BP 451, 54001 Nancy Cedex, France</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">R.</namePart><namePart type="family">Gourhan</namePart><affiliation>51000 Cherbourg, France</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="research-article" displayLabel="Full-length article" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XTP-1JC4F85T-7">research-article</genre><originInfo><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2000</dateIssued><dateModified encoding="w3cdtf">1999-10-25</dateModified><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2000</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm></language><abstract lang="en">Abstract: The gas-phase pyrolysis of bis (2-chloroethyl) sulphide (usually named yperite) has been investigated in a static reactor in the following conditions, temperatures ranging from 300 to 500°C, an initial pressure of 16.67 kPa with a dilution in nitrogen and reaction times ranging from 1 to 10 min. To obtain a better understanding of the mechanism of the thermal decomposition of bis (2-chloroethyl) sulphide, we have also studied the pyrolysis of the oxygenated equivalent compound, bis (2-chloroethyl) ether, under the same conditions. A 99% conversion of bis (2-chloroethyl) sulphide was obtained at 500°C; the major products detected were vinyl chloride and ethylene. In the case of bis (2-chloroethyl) ether, the major products observed were vinyl chloride, methyl chloride, methane, ethylene and carbon monoxide. For both compounds studied, a kinetic mechanism has been proposed which involves a molecular four-centre elimination reaction and free-radical reactions. The study clearly shows the possible industrial use of this process to destroy agents in chemical weapons and a first range of temperatures and reaction times has been selected for a future reactor design.</abstract><note type="content">Fig. 1: Scheme of the static vessel.</note><note type="content">Fig. 2: Typical profiles of the pressure vs. time for the thermal decomposition of bis (2-chloroethyl) sulphide. Theoretical initial pressure, 16.67 kPa.</note><note type="content">Fig. 3: Product formation during the pyrolysis of bis (2-chloroethyl) sulphide vs. temperature. Theoretical initial pressure, 16.67 kPa; reaction time, 10 min.</note><note type="content">Fig. 4: Product formation during the pyrolysis of bis (2-chloroethyl) ether vs. temperature. (a) Major products, (b) minor products. Theoretical initial pressure, 16.67 kPa; reaction time, 10 min.</note><note type="content">Fig. 5: Evolution of the partial pressures of the major products with reaction time during the pyrolysis of bis (2-chloroethyl) at 400°C. Theoretical initial pressure, 16.67 kPa.</note><note type="content">Table 1: Summary of the main experimental resultsa</note><subject lang="en"><genre>Keywords</genre><topic>Yperite</topic><topic>Bis (2-chloroethyl) sulphide</topic><topic>Bis (2-chloroethyl) ether</topic><topic>Thermal decomposition</topic><topic>Chemical weapons</topic><topic>Pyrolysis</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>JAAP</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/JMC-0GLKJH51-B">journal</genre><originInfo><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">200007</dateIssued></originInfo><identifier type="ISSN">0165-2370</identifier><identifier type="PII">S0165-2370(00)X0040-X</identifier><part><date>200007</date><detail type="volume"><number>55</number><caption>vol.</caption></detail><detail type="issue"><number>2</number><caption>no.</caption></detail><extent unit="issue-pages"><start>135</start><end>276</end></extent><extent unit="pages"><start>203</start><end>216</end></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">55A4268C5D0A17A2D06DC32233C00913B9F2D373</identifier><identifier type="ark">ark:/67375/6H6-DRRSWLGP-M</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1016/S0165-2370(99)00098-4</identifier><identifier type="PII">S0165-2370(99)00098-4</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">©2000 Elsevier Science B.V.</accessCondition><recordInfo><recordContentSource authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://loaded-corpus.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://loaded-corpus.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XBH-HKKZVM7B-M">elsevier</recordContentSource><recordOrigin>Elsevier Science B.V., ©2000</recordOrigin></recordInfo></mods><json:item><extension>json</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>application/json</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/55A4268C5D0A17A2D06DC32233C00913B9F2D373/metadata/json</uri></json:item></metadata></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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