Deterioration of Norway spruce vitality despite a sharp decline in acid deposition: a long‐term integrated perspective
Identifieur interne : 001182 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 001181; suivant : 001183Deterioration of Norway spruce vitality despite a sharp decline in acid deposition: a long‐term integrated perspective
Auteurs : Mathieu Jonard ; Arnaud Legout ; Manuel Nicolas ; Etienne Dambrine ; Claude Nys ; Erwin Ulrich ; Raphaele Van Der Perre ; Quentin PonetteSource :
- Global Change Biology [ 1354-1013 ] ; 2012-02.
Abstract
Since the late 1970s, several long‐term ecological studies were conducted to better understand the biogeochemical functioning of Norway spruce stands in the Ardennes as these nutrient‐poor ecosystems were subject to high levels of acid deposition and exhibited symptoms of tree health decline. Between 1978 and 2009, acid deposition declined sharply, especially sulfur and to a lesser extent nitrogen deposition. The aim of this study was (i) to determine if the Norway spruce stands recovered after the reduction of acid deposition and (ii) to explain why such a recovery occurred or not. Therefore, we collected data from different projects carried out in the Ardennes to characterize the long‐term temporal trends in soil solution chemistry, foliar nutrition, and crown condition. In parallel, a model describing the nutrient cycling in forests (NuCM) was calibrated and used to check the consistency of the observed temporal trends and to explain them. The soil solution concentration of most of the elements decreased between 1978 and 2002, which was ascribed to a decrease in atmospheric deposition. For potassium, a decline in the exchangeable pool was also showed based on the simulation carried out with NuCM. As nitrogen (N) deposition remained at an elevated level, Norway spruce stands were progressively saturated in N and mineral nutrition became more and more unbalanced. Except the foliar N and Al concentration that remained constant and increased respectively, the foliar concentration of all other nutrients decreased between 1993 and 2009, which can be explained by the decrease in ion concentration in solution. These nutritional disorders weakened trees and were probably exacerbated during the 2003 summer drought, after which symptoms of vitality loss progressively appeared. In these N‐saturated ecosystems, the N cycle was disrupted by this health decline, which increased NO3− leaching reinforcing soil acidification and risk of aluminum (Al) toxicity.
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DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02550.x
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<front><div type="abstract">Since the late 1970s, several long‐term ecological studies were conducted to better understand the biogeochemical functioning of Norway spruce stands in the Ardennes as these nutrient‐poor ecosystems were subject to high levels of acid deposition and exhibited symptoms of tree health decline. Between 1978 and 2009, acid deposition declined sharply, especially sulfur and to a lesser extent nitrogen deposition. The aim of this study was (i) to determine if the Norway spruce stands recovered after the reduction of acid deposition and (ii) to explain why such a recovery occurred or not. Therefore, we collected data from different projects carried out in the Ardennes to characterize the long‐term temporal trends in soil solution chemistry, foliar nutrition, and crown condition. In parallel, a model describing the nutrient cycling in forests (NuCM) was calibrated and used to check the consistency of the observed temporal trends and to explain them. The soil solution concentration of most of the elements decreased between 1978 and 2002, which was ascribed to a decrease in atmospheric deposition. For potassium, a decline in the exchangeable pool was also showed based on the simulation carried out with NuCM. As nitrogen (N) deposition remained at an elevated level, Norway spruce stands were progressively saturated in N and mineral nutrition became more and more unbalanced. Except the foliar N and Al concentration that remained constant and increased respectively, the foliar concentration of all other nutrients decreased between 1993 and 2009, which can be explained by the decrease in ion concentration in solution. These nutritional disorders weakened trees and were probably exacerbated during the 2003 summer drought, after which symptoms of vitality loss progressively appeared. In these N‐saturated ecosystems, the N cycle was disrupted by this health decline, which increased NO3− leaching reinforcing soil acidification and risk of aluminum (Al) toxicity.</div>
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<abstract>Since the late 1970s, several long‐term ecological studies were conducted to better understand the biogeochemical functioning of Norway spruce stands in the Ardennes as these nutrient‐poor ecosystems were subject to high levels of acid deposition and exhibited symptoms of tree health decline. Between 1978 and 2009, acid deposition declined sharply, especially sulfur and to a lesser extent nitrogen deposition. The aim of this study was (i) to determine if the Norway spruce stands recovered after the reduction of acid deposition and (ii) to explain why such a recovery occurred or not. Therefore, we collected data from different projects carried out in the Ardennes to characterize the long‐term temporal trends in soil solution chemistry, foliar nutrition, and crown condition. In parallel, a model describing the nutrient cycling in forests (NuCM) was calibrated and used to check the consistency of the observed temporal trends and to explain them. The soil solution concentration of most of the elements decreased between 1978 and 2002, which was ascribed to a decrease in atmospheric deposition. For potassium, a decline in the exchangeable pool was also showed based on the simulation carried out with NuCM. As nitrogen (N) deposition remained at an elevated level, Norway spruce stands were progressively saturated in N and mineral nutrition became more and more unbalanced. Except the foliar N and Al concentration that remained constant and increased respectively, the foliar concentration of all other nutrients decreased between 1993 and 2009, which can be explained by the decrease in ion concentration in solution. These nutritional disorders weakened trees and were probably exacerbated during the 2003 summer drought, after which symptoms of vitality loss progressively appeared. In these N‐saturated ecosystems, the N cycle was disrupted by this health decline, which increased NO3− leaching reinforcing soil acidification and risk of aluminum (Al) toxicity.</abstract>
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<title>Deterioration of Norway spruce vitality despite a sharp decline in acid deposition: a long‐term integrated perspective</title>
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<email>mathieu.jonard@uclouvain.be</email>
<affiliation>Earth and Life Institute, Environmental Sciences, Université catholique de Louvain, Croix du sud 2/009, 1348, Louvain‐la‐Neuve, Belgium</affiliation>
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<author xml:id="author-2"><persName><forename type="first">Arnaud</forename>
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<affiliation>Centre INRA de Nancy, Unité Biogéochimie des Ecosystèmes Forestiers (UR 1138), 54280, Champenoux, France</affiliation>
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<author xml:id="author-3"><persName><forename type="first">Manuel</forename>
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<author xml:id="author-4"><persName><forename type="first">Etienne</forename>
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<affiliation>Centre INRA de Nancy, Unité Biogéochimie des Ecosystèmes Forestiers (UR 1138), 54280, Champenoux, France</affiliation>
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<author xml:id="author-5"><persName><forename type="first">Claude</forename>
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<abstract><p>Since the late 1970s, several long‐term ecological studies were conducted to better understand the biogeochemical functioning of Norway spruce stands in the Ardennes as these nutrient‐poor ecosystems were subject to high levels of acid deposition and exhibited symptoms of tree health decline. Between 1978 and 2009, acid deposition declined sharply, especially sulfur and to a lesser extent nitrogen deposition. The aim of this study was (i) to determine if the Norway spruce stands recovered after the reduction of acid deposition and (ii) to explain why such a recovery occurred or not. Therefore, we collected data from different projects carried out in the Ardennes to characterize the long‐term temporal trends in soil solution chemistry, foliar nutrition, and crown condition. In parallel, a model describing the nutrient cycling in forests (NuCM) was calibrated and used to check the consistency of the observed temporal trends and to explain them. The soil solution concentration of most of the elements decreased between 1978 and 2002, which was ascribed to a decrease in atmospheric deposition. For potassium, a decline in the exchangeable pool was also showed based on the simulation carried out with NuCM. As nitrogen (N) deposition remained at an elevated level, Norway spruce stands were progressively saturated in N and mineral nutrition became more and more unbalanced. Except the foliar N and Al concentration that remained constant and increased respectively, the foliar concentration of all other nutrients decreased between 1993 and 2009, which can be explained by the decrease in ion concentration in solution. These nutritional disorders weakened trees and were probably exacerbated during the 2003 summer drought, after which symptoms of vitality loss progressively appeared. In these N‐saturated ecosystems, the N cycle was disrupted by this health decline, which increased NO3− leaching reinforcing soil acidification and risk of aluminum (Al) toxicity.</p>
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<correspondenceTo>Correspondence: Mathieu Jonard, tel. + 003 210 472 548, fax + 003 210 473 697, e‐mail: <email>mathieu.jonard@uclouvain.be</email>
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<creator affiliationRef="#gcb2550-aff-0002" creatorRole="author" xml:id="gcb2550-cr-0005"><personName><givenNames>Claude</givenNames>
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<familyName>Perre</familyName>
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<creator affiliationRef="#gcb2550-aff-0001" creatorRole="author" xml:id="gcb2550-cr-0008"><personName><givenNames>Quentin</givenNames>
<familyName>Ponette</familyName>
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<affiliationGroup><affiliation countryCode="BE" type="organization" xml:id="gcb2550-aff-0001"><orgDiv>Earth and Life Institute, Environmental Sciences</orgDiv>
<orgName>Université catholique de Louvain</orgName>
<address><street>Croix du sud 2/009</street>
<postCode>1348</postCode>
<city>Louvain‐la‐Neuve</city>
<country>Belgium</country>
</address>
</affiliation>
<affiliation countryCode="FR" type="organization" xml:id="gcb2550-aff-0002"><orgDiv>Centre INRA de Nancy</orgDiv>
<orgName>Unité Biogéochimie des Ecosystèmes Forestiers (UR 1138)</orgName>
<address><postCode>54280</postCode>
<city>Champenoux</city>
<country>France</country>
</address>
</affiliation>
<affiliation countryCode="FR" type="organization" xml:id="gcb2550-aff-0003"><orgDiv>Office National des Forêts, Direction technique et commerciale bois</orgDiv>
<orgDiv>Département R&D ‐ Bâtiment B</orgDiv>
<orgName>Office National des Forêts</orgName>
<address><street>Boulevard de Constance</street>
<postCode>77300</postCode>
<city>Fontainebleau</city>
<country>France</country>
</address>
</affiliation>
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<keywordGroup type="author"><keyword xml:id="gcb2550-kwd-0001">atmospheric deposition</keyword>
<keyword xml:id="gcb2550-kwd-0002">crown condition</keyword>
<keyword xml:id="gcb2550-kwd-0003">foliar nutrition</keyword>
<keyword xml:id="gcb2550-kwd-0004"><fc>N</fc>
orway spruce</keyword>
<keyword xml:id="gcb2550-kwd-0005">nutrient cycling</keyword>
<keyword xml:id="gcb2550-kwd-0006">soil acidification</keyword>
<keyword xml:id="gcb2550-kwd-0007">soil solution chemistry</keyword>
<keyword xml:id="gcb2550-kwd-0008">tree vitality</keyword>
<keyword xml:id="gcb2550-kwd-0009">trend analysis</keyword>
</keywordGroup>
<fundingInfo><fundingAgency>Walloon Region (DGARNE/DNF)</fundingAgency>
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<p>Since the late 1970s, several long‐term ecological studies were conducted to better understand the biogeochemical functioning of <fc>N</fc>
orway spruce stands in the <fc>A</fc>
rdennes as these nutrient‐poor ecosystems were subject to high levels of acid deposition and exhibited symptoms of tree health decline. Between 1978 and 2009, acid deposition declined sharply, especially sulfur and to a lesser extent nitrogen deposition. The aim of this study was (i) to determine if the <fc>N</fc>
orway spruce stands recovered after the reduction of acid deposition and (ii) to explain why such a recovery occurred or not. Therefore, we collected data from different projects carried out in the <fc>A</fc>
rdennes to characterize the long‐term temporal trends in soil solution chemistry, foliar nutrition, and crown condition. In parallel, a model describing the nutrient cycling in forests (Nu<fc>CM</fc>
) was calibrated and used to check the consistency of the observed temporal trends and to explain them. The soil solution concentration of most of the elements decreased between 1978 and 2002, which was ascribed to a decrease in atmospheric deposition. For potassium, a decline in the exchangeable pool was also showed based on the simulation carried out with Nu<fc>CM</fc>
. As nitrogen (N) deposition remained at an elevated level, <fc>N</fc>
orway spruce stands were progressively saturated in N and mineral nutrition became more and more unbalanced. Except the foliar N and Al concentration that remained constant and increased respectively, the foliar concentration of all other nutrients decreased between 1993 and 2009, which can be explained by the decrease in ion concentration in solution. These nutritional disorders weakened trees and were probably exacerbated during the 2003 summer drought, after which symptoms of vitality loss progressively appeared. In these N‐saturated ecosystems, the N cycle was disrupted by this health decline, which increased <fc>NO</fc>
<sub>3</sub>
<sup>−</sup>
leaching reinforcing soil acidification and risk of aluminum (Al) toxicity.</p>
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</titleInfo>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Mathieu</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Jonard</namePart>
<affiliation>Earth and Life Institute, Environmental Sciences, Université catholique de Louvain, Croix du sud 2/009, 1348, Louvain‐la‐Neuve, Belgium</affiliation>
<affiliation>E-mail: mathieu.jonard@uclouvain.be</affiliation>
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<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Arnaud</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Legout</namePart>
<affiliation>Centre INRA de Nancy, Unité Biogéochimie des Ecosystèmes Forestiers (UR 1138), 54280, Champenoux, France</affiliation>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
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</name>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Manuel</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Nicolas</namePart>
<affiliation>Office National des Forêts, Direction technique et commerciale bois, Département R&D ‐ Bâtiment B, Office National des Forêts, Boulevard de Constance, 77300, Fontainebleau, France</affiliation>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Etienne</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Dambrine</namePart>
<affiliation>Centre INRA de Nancy, Unité Biogéochimie des Ecosystèmes Forestiers (UR 1138), 54280, Champenoux, France</affiliation>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
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<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Claude</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Nys</namePart>
<affiliation>Centre INRA de Nancy, Unité Biogéochimie des Ecosystèmes Forestiers (UR 1138), 54280, Champenoux, France</affiliation>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Erwin</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Ulrich</namePart>
<affiliation>Office National des Forêts, Direction technique et commerciale bois, Département R&D ‐ Bâtiment B, Office National des Forêts, Boulevard de Constance, 77300, Fontainebleau, France</affiliation>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Raphaele</namePart>
<namePart type="family">van der Perre</namePart>
<affiliation>Earth and Life Institute, Environmental Sciences, Université catholique de Louvain, Croix du sud 2/009, 1348, Louvain‐la‐Neuve, Belgium</affiliation>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Quentin</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Ponette</namePart>
<affiliation>Earth and Life Institute, Environmental Sciences, Université catholique de Louvain, Croix du sud 2/009, 1348, Louvain‐la‐Neuve, Belgium</affiliation>
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<abstract>Since the late 1970s, several long‐term ecological studies were conducted to better understand the biogeochemical functioning of Norway spruce stands in the Ardennes as these nutrient‐poor ecosystems were subject to high levels of acid deposition and exhibited symptoms of tree health decline. Between 1978 and 2009, acid deposition declined sharply, especially sulfur and to a lesser extent nitrogen deposition. The aim of this study was (i) to determine if the Norway spruce stands recovered after the reduction of acid deposition and (ii) to explain why such a recovery occurred or not. Therefore, we collected data from different projects carried out in the Ardennes to characterize the long‐term temporal trends in soil solution chemistry, foliar nutrition, and crown condition. In parallel, a model describing the nutrient cycling in forests (NuCM) was calibrated and used to check the consistency of the observed temporal trends and to explain them. The soil solution concentration of most of the elements decreased between 1978 and 2002, which was ascribed to a decrease in atmospheric deposition. For potassium, a decline in the exchangeable pool was also showed based on the simulation carried out with NuCM. As nitrogen (N) deposition remained at an elevated level, Norway spruce stands were progressively saturated in N and mineral nutrition became more and more unbalanced. Except the foliar N and Al concentration that remained constant and increased respectively, the foliar concentration of all other nutrients decreased between 1993 and 2009, which can be explained by the decrease in ion concentration in solution. These nutritional disorders weakened trees and were probably exacerbated during the 2003 summer drought, after which symptoms of vitality loss progressively appeared. In these N‐saturated ecosystems, the N cycle was disrupted by this health decline, which increased NO3− leaching reinforcing soil acidification and risk of aluminum (Al) toxicity.</abstract>
<note type="funding">Walloon Region (DGARNE/DNF)</note>
<subject><genre>keywords</genre>
<topic>atmospheric deposition</topic>
<topic>crown condition</topic>
<topic>foliar nutrition</topic>
<topic>Norway spruce</topic>
<topic>nutrient cycling</topic>
<topic>soil acidification</topic>
<topic>soil solution chemistry</topic>
<topic>tree vitality</topic>
<topic>trend analysis</topic>
</subject>
<relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Global Change Biology</title>
</titleInfo>
<titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>Glob Change Biol</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre type="journal">journal</genre>
<subject><genre>article-category</genre>
<topic>Primary Research Articles</topic>
</subject>
<identifier type="ISSN">1354-1013</identifier>
<identifier type="eISSN">1365-2486</identifier>
<identifier type="DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1365-2486</identifier>
<identifier type="PublisherID">GCB</identifier>
<part><date>2012</date>
<detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption>
<number>18</number>
</detail>
<detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption>
<number>2</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages"><start>711</start>
<end>725</end>
<total>15</total>
</extent>
</part>
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<accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">Copyright © 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd© 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd</accessCondition>
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