Patterns and gradients of diversity in South Patagonian ombrotrophic peat bogs
Identifieur interne : 001A12 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 001A11; suivant : 001A13Patterns and gradients of diversity in South Patagonian ombrotrophic peat bogs
Auteurs : Till Kleinebecker ; Norbert Hölzel ; Andreas VogelSource :
- Austral Ecology [ 1442-9985 ] ; 2010-02.
English descriptors
Abstract
Many north‐hemispherical mires seemingly untouched by drainage and cultivation are influenced by a diffuse sum of man‐made environmental changes, such as atmospherical nitrogen deposition that mask general patterns in species richness and functional group responses along resource gradients. To obtain insights into natural diversity‐environment relationships, we studied the vegetation and the peat chemistry of pristine bog ecosystems in southern Patagonia along a west–east transect across the Andes. The studied bog ecosystems covered a floristic gradient from hyperoceanic blanket bogs dominated by cushion building vascular plants via a transitional mixed type to Sphagnum‐dominated raised bogs east of the mountain range. To test the influence of resource availability on diversity patterns, species richness and functional groups were related to environmental variables by calculating general regression models and generalized additive models. Species richness showed strong linear correlations to peat chemical features and the general regression model resulted in three major environmental variables (water level, total nitrogen, NH4Cl soluble calcium), altogether explaining 76% of variance. Functional group response illustrated a clear separation along environmental gradients. Mosses dominated at the low end of a nitrogen gradient, whereas cushion plants had their optimum at intermediate levels, and graminoids dominated at high nitrogen contents. Further shifts were related to NH4Cl soluble calcium and water level. The models documented partly non‐linear relationships between functional group response and trophical peat properties. Within the three bog types, the calculated models differed remarkably illustrating the scale‐dependency of the explanatory factors. Our findings confirmed several general patterns of species richness and functional shifts along resource gradients in a surprisingly clear way and underpin the significance of undisturbed peatlands as reference systems for testing of ecological theory and for conservation and ecological restoration in landscapes with strong human impact.
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DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-9993.2009.02003.x
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ISTEX:93DC5A0F3367A7B0BD84155C04A116F8B072E231Le document en format XML
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To obtain insights into natural diversity‐environment relationships, we studied the vegetation and the peat chemistry of pristine bog ecosystems in southern Patagonia along a west–east transect across the Andes. The studied bog ecosystems covered a floristic gradient from hyperoceanic blanket bogs dominated by cushion building vascular plants via a transitional mixed type to Sphagnum‐dominated raised bogs east of the mountain range. To test the influence of resource availability on diversity patterns, species richness and functional groups were related to environmental variables by calculating general regression models and generalized additive models. Species richness showed strong linear correlations to peat chemical features and the general regression model resulted in three major environmental variables (water level, total nitrogen, NH4Cl soluble calcium), altogether explaining 76% of variance. Functional group response illustrated a clear separation along environmental gradients. Mosses dominated at the low end of a nitrogen gradient, whereas cushion plants had their optimum at intermediate levels, and graminoids dominated at high nitrogen contents. Further shifts were related to NH4Cl soluble calcium and water level. The models documented partly non‐linear relationships between functional group response and trophical peat properties. Within the three bog types, the calculated models differed remarkably illustrating the scale‐dependency of the explanatory factors. Our findings confirmed several general patterns of species richness and functional shifts along resource gradients in a surprisingly clear way and underpin the significance of undisturbed peatlands as reference systems for testing of ecological theory and for conservation and ecological restoration in landscapes with strong human impact.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>wiley</corpusName><author><json:item><name>TILL KLEINEBECKER</name><affiliations><json:string>Institute of Landscape Ecology, University of Münster, Robert‐Koch‐Straße 26, 48149 Münster, Germany (Email: tillhan@uni‐muenster.de)</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>NORBERT HÖLZEL</name><affiliations><json:string>Institute of Landscape Ecology, University of Münster, Robert‐Koch‐Straße 26, 48149 Münster, Germany (Email: tillhan@uni‐muenster.de)</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>ANDREAS VOGEL</name><affiliations><json:string>Institute of Landscape Ecology, University of Münster, Robert‐Koch‐Straße 26, 48149 Münster, Germany (Email: tillhan@uni‐muenster.de)</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>biogeochemistry</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>cushion bog</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>functional group</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>ombrotrophic</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>species richness</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Sphagnum</value></json:item></subject><articleId><json:string>AEC2003</json:string></articleId><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>Many north‐hemispherical mires seemingly untouched by drainage and cultivation are influenced by a diffuse sum of man‐made environmental changes, such as atmospherical nitrogen deposition that mask general patterns in species richness and functional group responses along resource gradients. To obtain insights into natural diversity‐environment relationships, we studied the vegetation and the peat chemistry of pristine bog ecosystems in southern Patagonia along a west–east transect across the Andes. The studied bog ecosystems covered a floristic gradient from hyperoceanic blanket bogs dominated by cushion building vascular plants via a transitional mixed type to Sphagnum‐dominated raised bogs east of the mountain range. To test the influence of resource availability on diversity patterns, species richness and functional groups were related to environmental variables by calculating general regression models and generalized additive models. Species richness showed strong linear correlations to peat chemical features and the general regression model resulted in three major environmental variables (water level, total nitrogen, NH4Cl soluble calcium), altogether explaining 76% of variance. Functional group response illustrated a clear separation along environmental gradients. Mosses dominated at the low end of a nitrogen gradient, whereas cushion plants had their optimum at intermediate levels, and graminoids dominated at high nitrogen contents. Further shifts were related to NH4Cl soluble calcium and water level. The models documented partly non‐linear relationships between functional group response and trophical peat properties. Within the three bog types, the calculated models differed remarkably illustrating the scale‐dependency of the explanatory factors. Our findings confirmed several general patterns of species richness and functional shifts along resource gradients in a surprisingly clear way and underpin the significance of undisturbed peatlands as reference systems for testing of ecological theory and for conservation and ecological restoration in landscapes with strong human impact.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>8</score><pdfVersion>1.3</pdfVersion><pdfPageSize>595.276 x 779.528 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><abstractCharCount>2124</abstractCharCount><pdfWordCount>6305</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>40680</pdfCharCount><pdfPageCount>12</pdfPageCount><abstractWordCount>286</abstractWordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Patterns and gradients of diversity in South Patagonian ombrotrophic peat bogs</title><refBibs><json:item><author><json:item><name>R. Bobbink</name></json:item><json:item><name>M. Hornung</name></json:item><json:item><name>J. G. M. 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Ecol.</title></host><title>Measuring the components of competition along productivity gradients</title></json:item></refBibs><genre><json:string>article</json:string></genre><host><volume>35</volume><publisherId><json:string>AEC</json:string></publisherId><pages><total>12</total><last>12</last><first>1</first></pages><issn><json:string>1442-9985</json:string></issn><issue>1</issue><genre><json:string>journal</json:string></genre><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><eissn><json:string>1442-9993</json:string></eissn><title>Austral Ecology</title><doi><json:string>10.1111/(ISSN)1442-9993</json:string></doi></host><categories><wos><json:string>science</json:string><json:string>ecology</json:string></wos><scienceMetrix><json:string>natural sciences</json:string><json:string>biology</json:string><json:string>ecology</json:string></scienceMetrix></categories><publicationDate>2010</publicationDate><copyrightDate>2010</copyrightDate><doi><json:string>10.1111/j.1442-9993.2009.02003.x</json:string></doi><id>93DC5A0F3367A7B0BD84155C04A116F8B072E231</id><score>0.019897927</score><fulltext><json:item><extension>pdf</extension><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/93DC5A0F3367A7B0BD84155C04A116F8B072E231/fulltext/pdf</uri></json:item><json:item><extension>zip</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>application/zip</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/93DC5A0F3367A7B0BD84155C04A116F8B072E231/fulltext/zip</uri></json:item><istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/93DC5A0F3367A7B0BD84155C04A116F8B072E231/fulltext/tei"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Patterns and gradients of diversity in South Patagonian ombrotrophic peat bogs</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Asia</publisher><pubPlace>Melbourne, Australia</pubPlace><availability><p>© 2009 The Authors. Journal compilation © 2010 Ecological Society of Australia</p></availability><date>2010</date></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="inbook"><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Patterns and gradients of diversity in South Patagonian ombrotrophic peat bogs</title><author xml:id="author-1"><persName><forename type="first">TILL</forename><surname>KLEINEBECKER</surname></persName><affiliation>Institute of Landscape Ecology, University of Münster, Robert‐Koch‐Straße 26, 48149 Münster, Germany (Email: tillhan@uni‐muenster.de)</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-2"><persName><forename type="first">NORBERT</forename><surname>HÖLZEL</surname></persName><affiliation>Institute of Landscape Ecology, University of Münster, Robert‐Koch‐Straße 26, 48149 Münster, Germany (Email: tillhan@uni‐muenster.de)</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-3"><persName><forename type="first">ANDREAS</forename><surname>VOGEL</surname></persName><affiliation>Institute of Landscape Ecology, University of Münster, Robert‐Koch‐Straße 26, 48149 Münster, Germany (Email: tillhan@uni‐muenster.de)</affiliation></author></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Austral Ecology</title><idno type="pISSN">1442-9985</idno><idno type="eISSN">1442-9993</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1442-9993</idno><imprint><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Asia</publisher><pubPlace>Melbourne, Australia</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2010-02"></date><biblScope unit="volume">35</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">1</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="1">1</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="12">12</biblScope></imprint></monogr><idno type="istex">93DC5A0F3367A7B0BD84155C04A116F8B072E231</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1111/j.1442-9993.2009.02003.x</idno><idno type="ArticleID">AEC2003</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>2010</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Many north‐hemispherical mires seemingly untouched by drainage and cultivation are influenced by a diffuse sum of man‐made environmental changes, such as atmospherical nitrogen deposition that mask general patterns in species richness and functional group responses along resource gradients. To obtain insights into natural diversity‐environment relationships, we studied the vegetation and the peat chemistry of pristine bog ecosystems in southern Patagonia along a west–east transect across the Andes. The studied bog ecosystems covered a floristic gradient from hyperoceanic blanket bogs dominated by cushion building vascular plants via a transitional mixed type to Sphagnum‐dominated raised bogs east of the mountain range. To test the influence of resource availability on diversity patterns, species richness and functional groups were related to environmental variables by calculating general regression models and generalized additive models. Species richness showed strong linear correlations to peat chemical features and the general regression model resulted in three major environmental variables (water level, total nitrogen, NH4Cl soluble calcium), altogether explaining 76% of variance. Functional group response illustrated a clear separation along environmental gradients. Mosses dominated at the low end of a nitrogen gradient, whereas cushion plants had their optimum at intermediate levels, and graminoids dominated at high nitrogen contents. Further shifts were related to NH4Cl soluble calcium and water level. The models documented partly non‐linear relationships between functional group response and trophical peat properties. Within the three bog types, the calculated models differed remarkably illustrating the scale‐dependency of the explanatory factors. Our findings confirmed several general patterns of species richness and functional shifts along resource gradients in a surprisingly clear way and underpin the significance of undisturbed peatlands as reference systems for testing of ecological theory and for conservation and ecological restoration in landscapes with strong human impact.</p></abstract><textClass xml:lang="en"><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><head>keywords</head><item><term>biogeochemistry</term></item><item><term>cushion bog</term></item><item><term>functional group</term></item><item><term>ombrotrophic</term></item><item><term>species richness</term></item><item><term>Sphagnum</term></item></list></keywords></textClass></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="2010-02">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/93DC5A0F3367A7B0BD84155C04A116F8B072E231/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Wiley, elements deleted: body"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:document><component version="2.0" type="serialArticle" xml:lang="en"><header><publicationMeta level="product"><publisherInfo><publisherName>Blackwell Publishing Asia</publisherName><publisherLoc>Melbourne, Australia</publisherLoc></publisherInfo><doi origin="wiley" registered="yes">10.1111/(ISSN)1442-9993</doi><issn type="print">1442-9985</issn><issn type="electronic">1442-9993</issn><idGroup><id type="product" value="AEC"></id><id type="publisherDivision" value="ST"></id></idGroup><titleGroup><title type="main" sort="AUSTRAL ECOLOGY">Austral Ecology</title></titleGroup></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="part" position="02001"><doi origin="wiley">10.1111/aec.2010.35.issue-1</doi><numberingGroup><numbering type="journalVolume" number="35">35</numbering><numbering type="journalIssue" number="1">1</numbering></numberingGroup><coverDate startDate="2010-02">February 2010</coverDate></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="unit" type="article" position="1" status="forIssue"><doi origin="wiley">10.1111/j.1442-9993.2009.02003.x</doi><idGroup><id type="unit" value="AEC2003"></id></idGroup><countGroup><count type="pageTotal" number="12"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="tocHeading1">Original Articles</title></titleGroup><copyright>© 2009 The Authors. Journal compilation © 2010 Ecological Society of Australia</copyright><eventGroup><event type="firstOnline" date="2009-09-03"></event><event type="publishedOnlineFinalForm" date="2010-01-21"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:BPG_TO_WML3G version:2.3.2 mode:FullText source:FullText result:FullText" date="2010-03-07"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WILEY_ML3G_TO_WILEY_ML3GV2 version:3.8.8" date="2014-01-01"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WML3G_To_WML3G version:4.1.7 mode:FullText,remove_FC" date="2014-10-15"></event></eventGroup><numberingGroup><numbering type="pageFirst" number="1">1</numbering><numbering type="pageLast" number="12">12</numbering></numberingGroup><linkGroup><link type="toTypesetVersion" href="file:AEC.AEC2003.pdf"></link></linkGroup></publicationMeta><contentMeta><unparsedEditorialHistory>Accepted for publication November 2008.</unparsedEditorialHistory><countGroup><count type="figureTotal" number="5"></count><count type="tableTotal" number="2"></count><count type="formulaTotal" number="0"></count><count type="referenceTotal" number="56"></count><count type="wordTotal" number="6927"></count><count type="linksPubMed" number="0"></count><count type="linksCrossRef" number="0"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="main">Patterns and gradients of diversity in South Patagonian ombrotrophic peat bogs</title><title type="shortAuthors">T. KLEINEBECKER <i>ET AL.</i></title><title type="short">DIVERSITY IN SOUTH PATAGONIAN BOGS</title></titleGroup><creators><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr1" affiliationRef="#aff-1-1"><personName><givenNames>TILL</givenNames><familyName>KLEINEBECKER</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr2" affiliationRef="#aff-1-1"><personName><givenNames>NORBERT</givenNames><familyName>HÖLZEL</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr3" affiliationRef="#aff-1-1"><personName><givenNames>ANDREAS</givenNames><familyName>VOGEL</familyName></personName></creator></creators><affiliationGroup><affiliation xml:id="aff-1-1" countryCode="DE"><unparsedAffiliation>Institute of Landscape Ecology, University of Münster, Robert‐Koch‐Straße 26, 48149 Münster, Germany (Email: <email normalForm="tillhan@uni-muenster.de">tillhan@uni‐muenster.de</email>)</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation></affiliationGroup><keywordGroup xml:lang="en"><keyword xml:id="k1">biogeochemistry</keyword><keyword xml:id="k2">cushion bog</keyword><keyword xml:id="k3">functional group</keyword><keyword xml:id="k4">ombrotrophic</keyword><keyword xml:id="k5">species richness</keyword><keyword xml:id="k6"><i>Sphagnum</i></keyword></keywordGroup><abstractGroup><abstract type="main" xml:lang="en"><title type="main">Abstract</title><p>Many north‐hemispherical mires seemingly untouched by drainage and cultivation are influenced by a diffuse sum of man‐made environmental changes, such as atmospherical nitrogen deposition that mask general patterns in species richness and functional group responses along resource gradients. To obtain insights into natural diversity‐environment relationships, we studied the vegetation and the peat chemistry of pristine bog ecosystems in southern Patagonia along a west–east transect across the Andes. The studied bog ecosystems covered a floristic gradient from hyperoceanic blanket bogs dominated by cushion building vascular plants via a transitional mixed type to <i>Sphagnum</i>‐dominated raised bogs east of the mountain range. To test the influence of resource availability on diversity patterns, species richness and functional groups were related to environmental variables by calculating general regression models and generalized additive models. Species richness showed strong linear correlations to peat chemical features and the general regression model resulted in three major environmental variables (water level, total nitrogen, NH<sub>4</sub>Cl soluble calcium), altogether explaining 76% of variance. Functional group response illustrated a clear separation along environmental gradients. Mosses dominated at the low end of a nitrogen gradient, whereas cushion plants had their optimum at intermediate levels, and graminoids dominated at high nitrogen contents. Further shifts were related to NH<sub>4</sub>Cl soluble calcium and water level. The models documented partly non‐linear relationships between functional group response and trophical peat properties. Within the three bog types, the calculated models differed remarkably illustrating the scale‐dependency of the explanatory factors. Our findings confirmed several general patterns of species richness and functional shifts along resource gradients in a surprisingly clear way and underpin the significance of undisturbed peatlands as reference systems for testing of ecological theory and for conservation and ecological restoration in landscapes with strong human impact.</p></abstract></abstractGroup></contentMeta></header></component></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Patterns and gradients of diversity in South Patagonian ombrotrophic peat bogs</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated" lang="en"><title>DIVERSITY IN SOUTH PATAGONIAN BOGS</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>Patterns and gradients of diversity in South Patagonian ombrotrophic peat bogs</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">TILL</namePart><namePart type="family">KLEINEBECKER</namePart><affiliation>Institute of Landscape Ecology, University of Münster, Robert‐Koch‐Straße 26, 48149 Münster, Germany (Email: tillhan@uni‐muenster.de)</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">NORBERT</namePart><namePart type="family">HÖLZEL</namePart><affiliation>Institute of Landscape Ecology, University of Münster, Robert‐Koch‐Straße 26, 48149 Münster, Germany (Email: tillhan@uni‐muenster.de)</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">ANDREAS</namePart><namePart type="family">VOGEL</namePart><affiliation>Institute of Landscape Ecology, University of Münster, Robert‐Koch‐Straße 26, 48149 Münster, Germany (Email: tillhan@uni‐muenster.de)</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="article" displayLabel="article"></genre><originInfo><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Asia</publisher><place><placeTerm type="text">Melbourne, Australia</placeTerm></place><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2010-02</dateIssued><edition>Accepted for publication November 2008.</edition><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2010</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType><extent unit="figures">5</extent><extent unit="tables">2</extent><extent unit="references">56</extent><extent unit="words">6927</extent></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">Many north‐hemispherical mires seemingly untouched by drainage and cultivation are influenced by a diffuse sum of man‐made environmental changes, such as atmospherical nitrogen deposition that mask general patterns in species richness and functional group responses along resource gradients. To obtain insights into natural diversity‐environment relationships, we studied the vegetation and the peat chemistry of pristine bog ecosystems in southern Patagonia along a west–east transect across the Andes. The studied bog ecosystems covered a floristic gradient from hyperoceanic blanket bogs dominated by cushion building vascular plants via a transitional mixed type to Sphagnum‐dominated raised bogs east of the mountain range. To test the influence of resource availability on diversity patterns, species richness and functional groups were related to environmental variables by calculating general regression models and generalized additive models. Species richness showed strong linear correlations to peat chemical features and the general regression model resulted in three major environmental variables (water level, total nitrogen, NH4Cl soluble calcium), altogether explaining 76% of variance. Functional group response illustrated a clear separation along environmental gradients. Mosses dominated at the low end of a nitrogen gradient, whereas cushion plants had their optimum at intermediate levels, and graminoids dominated at high nitrogen contents. Further shifts were related to NH4Cl soluble calcium and water level. The models documented partly non‐linear relationships between functional group response and trophical peat properties. Within the three bog types, the calculated models differed remarkably illustrating the scale‐dependency of the explanatory factors. Our findings confirmed several general patterns of species richness and functional shifts along resource gradients in a surprisingly clear way and underpin the significance of undisturbed peatlands as reference systems for testing of ecological theory and for conservation and ecological restoration in landscapes with strong human impact.</abstract><subject lang="en"><genre>keywords</genre><topic>biogeochemistry</topic><topic>cushion bog</topic><topic>functional group</topic><topic>ombrotrophic</topic><topic>species richness</topic><topic>Sphagnum</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Austral Ecology</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal">journal</genre><identifier type="ISSN">1442-9985</identifier><identifier type="eISSN">1442-9993</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1442-9993</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID">AEC</identifier><part><date>2010</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>35</number></detail><detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption><number>1</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>1</start><end>12</end><total>12</total></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">93DC5A0F3367A7B0BD84155C04A116F8B072E231</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1111/j.1442-9993.2009.02003.x</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">AEC2003</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">© 2009 The Authors. 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