Genetic differentiation of the marbled white butterfly, Melanargia galathea, accounts for glacial distribution patterns and postglacial range expansion in southeastern Europe
Identifieur interne : 001978 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 001977; suivant : 001979Genetic differentiation of the marbled white butterfly, Melanargia galathea, accounts for glacial distribution patterns and postglacial range expansion in southeastern Europe
Auteurs : Thomas Schmitt ; Jan Christian Habel ; Marco Zimmermann ; Paul MüllerSource :
- Molecular Ecology [ 0962-1083 ] ; 2006-06.
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Abstract
Isolation of Mediterranean species in the southern European peninsulas during the cold glacial phases often resulted in differentiation of several genetic lineages confined to the respective peninsulas. However, whilst there is good genetic evidence for multiple refugia in Iberia, there are only limited data available for the Balkans. Therefore, we wish to examine the hypothesis of a strong genetic structuring within southeastern Europe for the existence of multiple Balkan differentiation centres and/or several leading edges. As a model we use the marbled white butterfly, Melanargia galathea. We studied 18 allozyme loci of 564 individuals from 16 populations distributed over a large part of southeastern Europe. The single populations showed moderately high genetic diversity and no northward decline of genetic diversity was detected. The overall genetic differentiation between populations was considerable (FST 7.0%). Cluster analysis discriminated three genetic groups: (i) a western flank in the former Yugoslavia, parts of eastern Austria and Hungary; (ii) an eastern flank with populations from Bulgaria and Romania (south of the southern Carpathians and eastern Carpathians); and (iii) the eastern Carpathian Basin. Hierarchical variance analysis distributed 53% of the variance among populations between these three groups. One sample from the Greek–Bulgarian border clustered within the eastern flank, but showed some tendency towards the eastern Carpathian Basin populations. Two populations from Carinthia clustered together with the eastern Carpathian Basin ones and a population from Styria showed an intermediate genetic composition between the three groups. Most probably, the eastern and the western flank groups are due to postglacial range expansion from the northeastern and the northwestern edges of the glacial differentiation centre (so‐called leading edges). The eastern Carpathian Basin group may have resulted from postglacial expansion from northern Greece through valley systems of the central Balkan peninsula, maybe even expanding westwards north of the Balkan mountains reaching some parts of eastern Austria (e.g. Carinthia). Therefore, the Balkanic refugium of M. galathea may or may not have been continuous along the coastal areas of the Mediterranean, but must have been strongly genetically structured.
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DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2006.02900.x
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However, whilst there is good genetic evidence for multiple refugia in Iberia, there are only limited data available for the Balkans. Therefore, we wish to examine the hypothesis of a strong genetic structuring within southeastern Europe for the existence of multiple Balkan differentiation centres and/or several leading edges. As a model we use the marbled white butterfly, Melanargia galathea. We studied 18 allozyme loci of 564 individuals from 16 populations distributed over a large part of southeastern Europe. The single populations showed moderately high genetic diversity and no northward decline of genetic diversity was detected. The overall genetic differentiation between populations was considerable (FST 7.0%). Cluster analysis discriminated three genetic groups: (i) a western flank in the former Yugoslavia, parts of eastern Austria and Hungary; (ii) an eastern flank with populations from Bulgaria and Romania (south of the southern Carpathians and eastern Carpathians); and (iii) the eastern Carpathian Basin. Hierarchical variance analysis distributed 53% of the variance among populations between these three groups. One sample from the Greek–Bulgarian border clustered within the eastern flank, but showed some tendency towards the eastern Carpathian Basin populations. Two populations from Carinthia clustered together with the eastern Carpathian Basin ones and a population from Styria showed an intermediate genetic composition between the three groups. Most probably, the eastern and the western flank groups are due to postglacial range expansion from the northeastern and the northwestern edges of the glacial differentiation centre (so‐called leading edges). The eastern Carpathian Basin group may have resulted from postglacial expansion from northern Greece through valley systems of the central Balkan peninsula, maybe even expanding westwards north of the Balkan mountains reaching some parts of eastern Austria (e.g. Carinthia). Therefore, the Balkanic refugium of M. galathea may or may not have been continuous along the coastal areas of the Mediterranean, but must have been strongly genetically structured.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>wiley</corpusName><author><json:item><name>THOMAS SCHMITT</name><affiliations><json:string>Department VI‐Biogeography, University of Trier, Am Wissenschaftspark 25‐27, D−54296 Trier, Germany</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>JAN CHRISTIAN HABEL</name><affiliations><json:string>Department VI‐Biogeography, University of Trier, Am Wissenschaftspark 25‐27, D−54296 Trier, Germany</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>MARCO ZIMMERMANN</name><affiliations><json:string>Department VI‐Biogeography, University of Trier, Am Wissenschaftspark 25‐27, D−54296 Trier, Germany</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>PAUL MÜLLER</name><affiliations><json:string>Department VI‐Biogeography, University of Trier, Am Wissenschaftspark 25‐27, D−54296 Trier, Germany</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>allozyme electrophoresis</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>genetic lineages</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>leading edge</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Nymphalidae</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>phylogeography</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>postglacial range expansion</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Satyrinae</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Würm ice age</value></json:item></subject><articleId><json:string>MEC2900</json:string></articleId><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>Isolation of Mediterranean species in the southern European peninsulas during the cold glacial phases often resulted in differentiation of several genetic lineages confined to the respective peninsulas. However, whilst there is good genetic evidence for multiple refugia in Iberia, there are only limited data available for the Balkans. Therefore, we wish to examine the hypothesis of a strong genetic structuring within southeastern Europe for the existence of multiple Balkan differentiation centres and/or several leading edges. As a model we use the marbled white butterfly, Melanargia galathea. We studied 18 allozyme loci of 564 individuals from 16 populations distributed over a large part of southeastern Europe. The single populations showed moderately high genetic diversity and no northward decline of genetic diversity was detected. The overall genetic differentiation between populations was considerable (FST 7.0%). Cluster analysis discriminated three genetic groups: (i) a western flank in the former Yugoslavia, parts of eastern Austria and Hungary; (ii) an eastern flank with populations from Bulgaria and Romania (south of the southern Carpathians and eastern Carpathians); and (iii) the eastern Carpathian Basin. Hierarchical variance analysis distributed 53% of the variance among populations between these three groups. One sample from the Greek–Bulgarian border clustered within the eastern flank, but showed some tendency towards the eastern Carpathian Basin populations. Two populations from Carinthia clustered together with the eastern Carpathian Basin ones and a population from Styria showed an intermediate genetic composition between the three groups. Most probably, the eastern and the western flank groups are due to postglacial range expansion from the northeastern and the northwestern edges of the glacial differentiation centre (so‐called leading edges). The eastern Carpathian Basin group may have resulted from postglacial expansion from northern Greece through valley systems of the central Balkan peninsula, maybe even expanding westwards north of the Balkan mountains reaching some parts of eastern Austria (e.g. Carinthia). Therefore, the Balkanic refugium of M. galathea may or may not have been continuous along the coastal areas of the Mediterranean, but must have been strongly genetically structured.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>8</score><pdfVersion>1.3</pdfVersion><pdfPageSize>595 x 782 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><abstractCharCount>2348</abstractCharCount><pdfWordCount>7913</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>54505</pdfCharCount><pdfPageCount>13</pdfPageCount><abstractWordCount>334</abstractWordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Genetic differentiation of the marbled white butterfly, Melanargia galathea, accounts for glacial distribution patterns and postglacial range expansion in southeastern Europe</title><refBibs><json:item><author><json:item><name>J Alexandrino</name></json:item><json:item><name>JW Arntzen</name></json:item><json:item><name>N Ferrand</name></json:item></author><host><volume>88</volume><pages><last>74</last><first>66</first></pages><author></author><title>Heredity</title></host><title>Nested clade analysis and the genetic evidence for population expansion in the phylogeography on the golden‐striped salamander, Chioglossa lusitanica (Amphibia: Urodela)</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>J Alexandrino</name></json:item><json:item><name>E Froufe</name></json:item><json:item><name>JW Arntzen</name></json:item><json:item><name>N Ferrand</name></json:item></author><host><volume>9</volume><pages><last>781</last><first>771</first></pages><author></author><title>Molecular Ecology</title></host><title>Genetic subdivision, glacial refugia and postglacial recolonization in the golden‐striped salamander, Chioglossa lusitanica (Amphibia: Urodela)</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>TD Als</name></json:item><json:item><name>R Vila</name></json:item><json:item><name>NP Kandul</name></json:item></author><host><volume>432</volume><pages><last>390</last><first>386</first></pages><author></author><title>Nature</title></host><title>The evolution of alternative parasitic life histories in Large Blue butterflies</title></json:item><json:item><host><author></author><title>Asher J, Warren M, Fox R, Harding P, Jeffcoate G, Jeffcoate S (2001) The Millennium Atlas of Butterflies in Britain and Ireland. 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The environments of central and eastern Europe during the last glaciation</title></json:item></refBibs><genre><json:string>article</json:string></genre><host><volume>15</volume><publisherId><json:string>MEC</json:string></publisherId><pages><total>13</total><last>1901</last><first>1889</first></pages><issn><json:string>0962-1083</json:string></issn><issue>7</issue><genre><json:string>journal</json:string></genre><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><eissn><json:string>1365-294X</json:string></eissn><title>Molecular Ecology</title><doi><json:string>10.1111/(ISSN)1365-294X</json:string></doi></host><categories><wos><json:string>science</json:string><json:string>evolutionary biology</json:string><json:string>ecology</json:string><json:string>biochemistry & molecular biology</json:string></wos><scienceMetrix><json:string>natural sciences</json:string><json:string>biology</json:string><json:string>evolutionary biology</json:string></scienceMetrix></categories><publicationDate>2006</publicationDate><copyrightDate>2006</copyrightDate><doi><json:string>10.1111/j.1365-294X.2006.02900.x</json:string></doi><id>A8CAD787BBE3E904CC75075E9AA3E29072BA709B</id><score>1.5556263</score><fulltext><json:item><extension>pdf</extension><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/A8CAD787BBE3E904CC75075E9AA3E29072BA709B/fulltext/pdf</uri></json:item><json:item><extension>zip</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>application/zip</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/A8CAD787BBE3E904CC75075E9AA3E29072BA709B/fulltext/zip</uri></json:item><istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/A8CAD787BBE3E904CC75075E9AA3E29072BA709B/fulltext/tei"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Genetic differentiation of the marbled white butterfly, Melanargia galathea, accounts for glacial distribution patterns and postglacial range expansion in southeastern Europe</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><pubPlace>Oxford, UK</pubPlace><availability><p>WILEY</p></availability><date>2006</date></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="inbook"><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Genetic differentiation of the marbled white butterfly, Melanargia galathea, accounts for glacial distribution patterns and postglacial range expansion in southeastern Europe</title><author xml:id="author-1"><persName><forename type="first">THOMAS</forename><surname>SCHMITT</surname></persName><affiliation>Department VI‐Biogeography, University of Trier, Am Wissenschaftspark 25‐27, D−54296 Trier, Germany</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-2"><persName><forename type="first">JAN CHRISTIAN</forename><surname>HABEL</surname></persName><affiliation>Department VI‐Biogeography, University of Trier, Am Wissenschaftspark 25‐27, D−54296 Trier, Germany</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-3"><persName><forename type="first">MARCO</forename><surname>ZIMMERMANN</surname></persName><affiliation>Department VI‐Biogeography, University of Trier, Am Wissenschaftspark 25‐27, D−54296 Trier, Germany</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-4"><persName><forename type="first">PAUL</forename><surname>MÜLLER</surname></persName><affiliation>Department VI‐Biogeography, University of Trier, Am Wissenschaftspark 25‐27, D−54296 Trier, Germany</affiliation></author></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Molecular Ecology</title><idno type="pISSN">0962-1083</idno><idno type="eISSN">1365-294X</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1365-294X</idno><imprint><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><pubPlace>Oxford, UK</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2006-06"></date><biblScope unit="volume">15</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">7</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="1889">1889</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="1901">1901</biblScope></imprint></monogr><idno type="istex">A8CAD787BBE3E904CC75075E9AA3E29072BA709B</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1111/j.1365-294X.2006.02900.x</idno><idno type="ArticleID">MEC2900</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>2006</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Isolation of Mediterranean species in the southern European peninsulas during the cold glacial phases often resulted in differentiation of several genetic lineages confined to the respective peninsulas. However, whilst there is good genetic evidence for multiple refugia in Iberia, there are only limited data available for the Balkans. Therefore, we wish to examine the hypothesis of a strong genetic structuring within southeastern Europe for the existence of multiple Balkan differentiation centres and/or several leading edges. As a model we use the marbled white butterfly, Melanargia galathea. We studied 18 allozyme loci of 564 individuals from 16 populations distributed over a large part of southeastern Europe. The single populations showed moderately high genetic diversity and no northward decline of genetic diversity was detected. The overall genetic differentiation between populations was considerable (FST 7.0%). Cluster analysis discriminated three genetic groups: (i) a western flank in the former Yugoslavia, parts of eastern Austria and Hungary; (ii) an eastern flank with populations from Bulgaria and Romania (south of the southern Carpathians and eastern Carpathians); and (iii) the eastern Carpathian Basin. Hierarchical variance analysis distributed 53% of the variance among populations between these three groups. One sample from the Greek–Bulgarian border clustered within the eastern flank, but showed some tendency towards the eastern Carpathian Basin populations. Two populations from Carinthia clustered together with the eastern Carpathian Basin ones and a population from Styria showed an intermediate genetic composition between the three groups. Most probably, the eastern and the western flank groups are due to postglacial range expansion from the northeastern and the northwestern edges of the glacial differentiation centre (so‐called leading edges). The eastern Carpathian Basin group may have resulted from postglacial expansion from northern Greece through valley systems of the central Balkan peninsula, maybe even expanding westwards north of the Balkan mountains reaching some parts of eastern Austria (e.g. Carinthia). Therefore, the Balkanic refugium of M. galathea may or may not have been continuous along the coastal areas of the Mediterranean, but must have been strongly genetically structured.</p></abstract><textClass xml:lang="en"><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><head>keywords</head><item><term>allozyme electrophoresis</term></item><item><term>genetic lineages</term></item><item><term>leading edge</term></item><item><term>Nymphalidae</term></item><item><term>phylogeography</term></item><item><term>postglacial range expansion</term></item><item><term>Satyrinae</term></item><item><term>Würm ice age</term></item></list></keywords></textClass></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="2006-06">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/A8CAD787BBE3E904CC75075E9AA3E29072BA709B/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Wiley, elements deleted: body"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:document><component version="2.0" type="serialArticle" xml:lang="en"><header><publicationMeta level="product"><publisherInfo><publisherName>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisherName><publisherLoc>Oxford, UK</publisherLoc></publisherInfo><doi origin="wiley" registered="yes">10.1111/(ISSN)1365-294X</doi><issn type="print">0962-1083</issn><issn type="electronic">1365-294X</issn><idGroup><id type="product" value="MEC"></id><id type="publisherDivision" value="ST"></id></idGroup><titleGroup><title type="main" sort="MOLECULAR ECOLOGY">Molecular Ecology</title></titleGroup></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="part" position="06107"><doi origin="wiley">10.1111/mec.2006.15.issue-7</doi><numberingGroup><numbering type="journalVolume" number="15">15</numbering><numbering type="journalIssue" number="7">7</numbering></numberingGroup><coverDate startDate="2006-06">June 2006</coverDate></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="unit" type="article" position="14" status="forIssue"><doi origin="wiley">10.1111/j.1365-294X.2006.02900.x</doi><idGroup><id type="unit" value="MEC2900"></id></idGroup><countGroup><count type="pageTotal" number="13"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="tocHeading1">ORIGINAL ARTICLES</title><title type="tocHeading2">Phylogeography, Speciation and Hybridization</title></titleGroup><eventGroup><event type="firstOnline" date="2006-04-13"></event><event type="publishedOnlineFinalForm" date="2006-04-13"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:BPG_TO_WML3G version:2.3.17 mode:FullText" date="2010-09-07"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WILEY_ML3G_TO_WILEY_ML3GV2 version:4.0.1" date="2014-03-20"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WML3G_To_WML3G version:4.1.7 mode:FullText,remove_FC" date="2014-10-31"></event></eventGroup><numberingGroup><numbering type="pageFirst" number="1889">1889</numbering><numbering type="pageLast" number="1901">1901</numbering></numberingGroup><correspondenceTo> Thomas Schmitt, Fax: +49‐651‐2013851; E‐mail: <email normalForm="thsh@uni-trier.de">thsh@uni‐trier.de</email></correspondenceTo><objectNameGroup><objectName elementName="appendix">Appendix</objectName></objectNameGroup><linkGroup><link type="toTypesetVersion" href="file:MEC.MEC2900.pdf"></link></linkGroup></publicationMeta><contentMeta><unparsedEditorialHistory>Received 12 October 2005; revision accepted 7 January 2006</unparsedEditorialHistory><countGroup><count type="figureTotal" number="4"></count><count type="tableTotal" number="2"></count><count type="formulaTotal" number="0"></count><count type="referenceTotal" number="116"></count><count type="wordTotal" number="6787"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="main">Genetic differentiation of the marbled white butterfly, <i>Melanargia galathea</i>, accounts for glacial distribution patterns and postglacial range expansion in southeastern Europe</title><title type="shortAuthors">T. SCHMITT <i>ET AL.</i></title><title type="short">MOLECULAR BIOGEOGRAPHY OF <i>M. GALATHEA</i> IN SE EUROPE</title></titleGroup><creators><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr1" affiliationRef="#aff-1-1"><personName><givenNames>THOMAS</givenNames><familyName>SCHMITT</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr2" affiliationRef="#aff-1-1"><personName><givenNames>JAN CHRISTIAN</givenNames><familyName>HABEL</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr3" affiliationRef="#aff-1-1"><personName><givenNames>MARCO</givenNames><familyName>ZIMMERMANN</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr4" affiliationRef="#aff-1-1"><personName><givenNames>PAUL</givenNames><familyName>MÜLLER</familyName></personName></creator></creators><affiliationGroup><affiliation xml:id="aff-1-1" countryCode="DE"><unparsedAffiliation>Department VI‐Biogeography, University of Trier, Am Wissenschaftspark 25‐27, D−54296 Trier, Germany</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation></affiliationGroup><keywordGroup xml:lang="en"><keyword xml:id="k1">allozyme electrophoresis</keyword><keyword xml:id="k2">genetic lineages</keyword><keyword xml:id="k3">leading edge</keyword><keyword xml:id="k4">Nymphalidae</keyword><keyword xml:id="k5">phylogeography</keyword><keyword xml:id="k6">postglacial range expansion</keyword><keyword xml:id="k7">Satyrinae</keyword><keyword xml:id="k8">Würm ice age</keyword></keywordGroup><abstractGroup><abstract type="main" xml:lang="en"><title type="main">Abstract</title><p>Isolation of Mediterranean species in the southern European peninsulas during the cold glacial phases often resulted in differentiation of several genetic lineages confined to the respective peninsulas. However, whilst there is good genetic evidence for multiple refugia in Iberia, there are only limited data available for the Balkans. Therefore, we wish to examine the hypothesis of a strong genetic structuring within southeastern Europe for the existence of multiple Balkan differentiation centres and/or several leading edges. As a model we use the marbled white butterfly, <i>Melanargia galathea</i>. We studied 18 allozyme loci of 564 individuals from 16 populations distributed over a large part of southeastern Europe. The single populations showed moderately high genetic diversity and no northward decline of genetic diversity was detected. The overall genetic differentiation between populations was considerable (<i>F</i><sub>ST</sub> 7.0%). Cluster analysis discriminated three genetic groups: (i) a western flank in the former Yugoslavia, parts of eastern Austria and Hungary; (ii) an eastern flank with populations from Bulgaria and Romania (south of the southern Carpathians and eastern Carpathians); and (iii) the eastern Carpathian Basin. Hierarchical variance analysis distributed 53% of the variance among populations between these three groups. One sample from the Greek–Bulgarian border clustered within the eastern flank, but showed some tendency towards the eastern Carpathian Basin populations. Two populations from Carinthia clustered together with the eastern Carpathian Basin ones and a population from Styria showed an intermediate genetic composition between the three groups. Most probably, the eastern and the western flank groups are due to postglacial range expansion from the northeastern and the northwestern edges of the glacial differentiation centre (so‐called leading edges). The eastern Carpathian Basin group may have resulted from postglacial expansion from northern Greece through valley systems of the central Balkan peninsula, maybe even expanding westwards north of the Balkan mountains reaching some parts of eastern Austria (e.g. Carinthia). Therefore, the Balkanic refugium of <i>M. galathea</i> may or may not have been continuous along the coastal areas of the Mediterranean, but must have been strongly genetically structured.</p></abstract></abstractGroup></contentMeta></header></component></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Genetic differentiation of the marbled white butterfly, Melanargia galathea, accounts for glacial distribution patterns and postglacial range expansion in southeastern Europe</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated" lang="en"><title>MOLECULAR BIOGEOGRAPHY OF M. GALATHEA IN SE EUROPE</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>Genetic differentiation of the marbled white butterfly, Melanargia galathea, accounts for glacial distribution patterns and postglacial range expansion in southeastern Europe</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">THOMAS</namePart><namePart type="family">SCHMITT</namePart><affiliation>Department VI‐Biogeography, University of Trier, Am Wissenschaftspark 25‐27, D−54296 Trier, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">JAN CHRISTIAN</namePart><namePart type="family">HABEL</namePart><affiliation>Department VI‐Biogeography, University of Trier, Am Wissenschaftspark 25‐27, D−54296 Trier, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">MARCO</namePart><namePart type="family">ZIMMERMANN</namePart><affiliation>Department VI‐Biogeography, University of Trier, Am Wissenschaftspark 25‐27, D−54296 Trier, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">PAUL</namePart><namePart type="family">MÜLLER</namePart><affiliation>Department VI‐Biogeography, University of Trier, Am Wissenschaftspark 25‐27, D−54296 Trier, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="article" displayLabel="article"></genre><originInfo><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><place><placeTerm type="text">Oxford, UK</placeTerm></place><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2006-06</dateIssued><edition>Received 12 October 2005; revision accepted 7 January 2006</edition><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2006</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType><extent unit="figures">4</extent><extent unit="tables">2</extent><extent unit="references">116</extent><extent unit="words">6787</extent></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">Isolation of Mediterranean species in the southern European peninsulas during the cold glacial phases often resulted in differentiation of several genetic lineages confined to the respective peninsulas. However, whilst there is good genetic evidence for multiple refugia in Iberia, there are only limited data available for the Balkans. Therefore, we wish to examine the hypothesis of a strong genetic structuring within southeastern Europe for the existence of multiple Balkan differentiation centres and/or several leading edges. As a model we use the marbled white butterfly, Melanargia galathea. We studied 18 allozyme loci of 564 individuals from 16 populations distributed over a large part of southeastern Europe. The single populations showed moderately high genetic diversity and no northward decline of genetic diversity was detected. The overall genetic differentiation between populations was considerable (FST 7.0%). Cluster analysis discriminated three genetic groups: (i) a western flank in the former Yugoslavia, parts of eastern Austria and Hungary; (ii) an eastern flank with populations from Bulgaria and Romania (south of the southern Carpathians and eastern Carpathians); and (iii) the eastern Carpathian Basin. Hierarchical variance analysis distributed 53% of the variance among populations between these three groups. One sample from the Greek–Bulgarian border clustered within the eastern flank, but showed some tendency towards the eastern Carpathian Basin populations. Two populations from Carinthia clustered together with the eastern Carpathian Basin ones and a population from Styria showed an intermediate genetic composition between the three groups. Most probably, the eastern and the western flank groups are due to postglacial range expansion from the northeastern and the northwestern edges of the glacial differentiation centre (so‐called leading edges). The eastern Carpathian Basin group may have resulted from postglacial expansion from northern Greece through valley systems of the central Balkan peninsula, maybe even expanding westwards north of the Balkan mountains reaching some parts of eastern Austria (e.g. Carinthia). Therefore, the Balkanic refugium of M. galathea may or may not have been continuous along the coastal areas of the Mediterranean, but must have been strongly genetically structured.</abstract><subject lang="en"><genre>keywords</genre><topic>allozyme electrophoresis</topic><topic>genetic lineages</topic><topic>leading edge</topic><topic>Nymphalidae</topic><topic>phylogeography</topic><topic>postglacial range expansion</topic><topic>Satyrinae</topic><topic>Würm ice age</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Molecular Ecology</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal">journal</genre><identifier type="ISSN">0962-1083</identifier><identifier type="eISSN">1365-294X</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1365-294X</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID">MEC</identifier><part><date>2006</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>15</number></detail><detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption><number>7</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>1889</start><end>1901</end><total>13</total></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">A8CAD787BBE3E904CC75075E9AA3E29072BA709B</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1111/j.1365-294X.2006.02900.x</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">MEC2900</identifier><recordInfo><recordContentSource>WILEY</recordContentSource><recordOrigin>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</recordOrigin></recordInfo></mods></metadata><serie></serie></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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|texte= Genetic differentiation of the marbled white butterfly, Melanargia galathea, accounts for glacial distribution patterns and postglacial range expansion in southeastern Europe
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