Polyommatus icarus butterflies in the British Isles: evidence for a bottleneck
Identifieur interne : 001970 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 001969; suivant : 001971Polyommatus icarus butterflies in the British Isles: evidence for a bottleneck
Auteurs : Rien De Keyser ; Tim G. Shreeve ; Casper J. Breuker ; Rosemary S. Hails ; Thomas SchmittSource :
- Biological Journal of the Linnean Society [ 0024-4066 ] ; 2012-09.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
Abstract
Phylogeographical research has revealed several paradigm patterns of postglacial range expansion from the Mediterranean peninsulas to more northern parts of Europe. These range expansions have consequences for the genetic constitution of populations. Although many studies have been performed in mainland Europe, the colonization history of the British Isles is relatively poorly studied; the genetic consequences of the last glacial readvances and the climate optimum conditions, as well as the implications of the recent climatic conditions on the population genetic structures, are little understood. Therefore, we selected the common blue butterfly Polyommatus icarus as a model species for understanding more generally the colonization patterns of the British Isles and the genetic dynamics on these islands. Allozyme analyses of this butterfly show a rather high genetic diversity over continental Europe without major genetic differentiation. The situation on the British Isles is completely different. Here, populations show a much lower genetic diversity compared to mainland Europe. The genetic constitution is well differentiated from that observed on the European mainland, and the genetic differentiation among populations in Britain is stronger than at the European scale. These results support the hypothesis that a relatively cold‐tolerant species such as the common blue could have colonized the British Isles early during the late glacial period and survived the last glacial readvances in small refugia in the South. The retraction of this species in small isolated populations could have caused the genetic impoverishment found. The subsequent forest climax during the climate optimum possibly restricted further expansion of this early succession species to small pockets all over the British Isles, resulting in the genetic patchwork that is still observed. Additionally, the relatively cool and rainy conditions one these islands might have caused bottlenecks, possibly enforcing these genetic patterns. © 2012 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2012, ••, ••–••.
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DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2012.01925.x
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ISTEX:2122DDCF17FB3A342EA7F4C987A6FCC36E518193Le document en format XML
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Shreeve</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Headington, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Breuker, Casper J" sort="Breuker, Casper J" uniqKey="Breuker C" first="Casper J." last="Breuker">Casper J. Breuker</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Headington, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hails, Rosemary S" sort="Hails, Rosemary S" uniqKey="Hails R" first="Rosemary S." last="Hails">Rosemary S. Hails</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Maclean Building, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford OX10 8BB, UK</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schmitt, Thomas" sort="Schmitt, Thomas" uniqKey="Schmitt T" first="Thomas" last="Schmitt">Thomas Schmitt</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Biogeography, FB VI, Trier University, D–54 286 Trier, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: thsh@uni-trier.de</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Biological Journal of the Linnean Society</title><idno type="ISSN">0024-4066</idno><idno type="eISSN">1095-8312</idno><imprint><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><pubPlace>Oxford, UK</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2012-09">2012-09</date><biblScope unit="volume">107</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">1</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="123">123</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="136">136</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0024-4066</idno></series><idno type="istex">2122DDCF17FB3A342EA7F4C987A6FCC36E518193</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1111/j.1095-8312.2012.01925.x</idno><idno type="ArticleID">BIJ1925</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0024-4066</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>allozyme electrophoresis</term><term>biogeography</term><term>common blue</term><term>phylogeography</term><term>postglacial range expansion</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Phylogeographical research has revealed several paradigm patterns of postglacial range expansion from the Mediterranean peninsulas to more northern parts of Europe. These range expansions have consequences for the genetic constitution of populations. Although many studies have been performed in mainland Europe, the colonization history of the British Isles is relatively poorly studied; the genetic consequences of the last glacial readvances and the climate optimum conditions, as well as the implications of the recent climatic conditions on the population genetic structures, are little understood. Therefore, we selected the common blue butterfly Polyommatus icarus as a model species for understanding more generally the colonization patterns of the British Isles and the genetic dynamics on these islands. Allozyme analyses of this butterfly show a rather high genetic diversity over continental Europe without major genetic differentiation. The situation on the British Isles is completely different. Here, populations show a much lower genetic diversity compared to mainland Europe. The genetic constitution is well differentiated from that observed on the European mainland, and the genetic differentiation among populations in Britain is stronger than at the European scale. These results support the hypothesis that a relatively cold‐tolerant species such as the common blue could have colonized the British Isles early during the late glacial period and survived the last glacial readvances in small refugia in the South. The retraction of this species in small isolated populations could have caused the genetic impoverishment found. The subsequent forest climax during the climate optimum possibly restricted further expansion of this early succession species to small pockets all over the British Isles, resulting in the genetic patchwork that is still observed. Additionally, the relatively cool and rainy conditions one these islands might have caused bottlenecks, possibly enforcing these genetic patterns. © 2012 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2012, ••, ••–••.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>wiley</corpusName><author><json:item><name>RIEN DE KEYSER</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Headington, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>TIM G. SHREEVE</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Headington, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>CASPER J. BREUKER</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Headington, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>ROSEMARY S. HAILS</name><affiliations><json:string>Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Maclean Building, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford OX10 8BB, UK</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>THOMAS SCHMITT</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Biogeography, FB VI, Trier University, D–54 286 Trier, Germany</json:string><json:string>E-mail: thsh@uni-trier.de</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>allozyme electrophoresis</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>biogeography</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>common blue</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>postglacial range expansion</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>phylogeography</value></json:item></subject><articleId><json:string>BIJ1925</json:string></articleId><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>Phylogeographical research has revealed several paradigm patterns of postglacial range expansion from the Mediterranean peninsulas to more northern parts of Europe. These range expansions have consequences for the genetic constitution of populations. Although many studies have been performed in mainland Europe, the colonization history of the British Isles is relatively poorly studied; the genetic consequences of the last glacial readvances and the climate optimum conditions, as well as the implications of the recent climatic conditions on the population genetic structures, are little understood. Therefore, we selected the common blue butterfly Polyommatus icarus as a model species for understanding more generally the colonization patterns of the British Isles and the genetic dynamics on these islands. Allozyme analyses of this butterfly show a rather high genetic diversity over continental Europe without major genetic differentiation. The situation on the British Isles is completely different. Here, populations show a much lower genetic diversity compared to mainland Europe. The genetic constitution is well differentiated from that observed on the European mainland, and the genetic differentiation among populations in Britain is stronger than at the European scale. These results support the hypothesis that a relatively cold‐tolerant species such as the common blue could have colonized the British Isles early during the late glacial period and survived the last glacial readvances in small refugia in the South. The retraction of this species in small isolated populations could have caused the genetic impoverishment found. The subsequent forest climax during the climate optimum possibly restricted further expansion of this early succession species to small pockets all over the British Isles, resulting in the genetic patchwork that is still observed. Additionally, the relatively cool and rainy conditions one these islands might have caused bottlenecks, possibly enforcing these genetic patterns. © 2012 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2012, ••, ••–••.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>8</score><pdfVersion>1.3</pdfVersion><pdfPageSize>595.276 x 782.362 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><abstractCharCount>2124</abstractCharCount><pdfWordCount>6317</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>45945</pdfCharCount><pdfPageCount>14</pdfPageCount><abstractWordCount>304</abstractWordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Polyommatus icarus butterflies in the British Isles: evidence for a bottleneck</title><refBibs><json:item><author><json:item><name>K Aagaard</name></json:item><json:item><name>K Hindar</name></json:item><json:item><name>AS Pullin</name></json:item><json:item><name>CH James</name></json:item><json:item><name>O Hammarstedt</name></json:item><json:item><name>T Balstad</name></json:item><json:item><name>O Hanssen</name></json:item></author><host><volume>75</volume><pages><last>37</last><first>27</first></pages><author></author><title>Biological Journal of the Linnean Society</title></host><title>Phylogenetic relationships in brown argus butterflies (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae: Aricia) from north‐western Europe</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>P Antoine</name></json:item><json:item><name>JP Coutsard</name></json:item><json:item><name>P Gibbard</name></json:item><json:item><name>B Hallegouet</name></json:item><json:item><name>JP Lautridou</name></json:item><json:item><name>JC Ozouf</name></json:item></author><host><volume>18</volume><pages><last>243</last><first>227</first></pages><author></author><title>Journal of Quaternary Science</title></host><title>The Pleistocene rivers of the English channel region</title></json:item><json:item><host><author></author><title>Asher J, Warren M, Fox R, Harding P, Jeffcoate G, Jeffcoate S. 2001. 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Sunderland, MA: Sinauer.</title></host></json:item></refBibs><genre><json:string>article</json:string></genre><host><volume>107</volume><publisherId><json:string>BIJ</json:string></publisherId><pages><total>14</total><last>136</last><first>123</first></pages><issn><json:string>0024-4066</json:string></issn><issue>1</issue><subject><json:item><value>Original Article</value></json:item></subject><genre><json:string>journal</json:string></genre><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><eissn><json:string>1095-8312</json:string></eissn><title>Biological Journal of the Linnean Society</title><doi><json:string>10.1111/(ISSN)1095-8312</json:string></doi></host><categories><wos><json:string>science</json:string><json:string>evolutionary biology</json:string></wos><scienceMetrix><json:string>natural sciences</json:string><json:string>biology</json:string><json:string>evolutionary biology</json:string></scienceMetrix></categories><publicationDate>2012</publicationDate><copyrightDate>2012</copyrightDate><doi><json:string>10.1111/j.1095-8312.2012.01925.x</json:string></doi><id>2122DDCF17FB3A342EA7F4C987A6FCC36E518193</id><score>0.57870555</score><fulltext><json:item><extension>pdf</extension><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/2122DDCF17FB3A342EA7F4C987A6FCC36E518193/fulltext/pdf</uri></json:item><json:item><extension>zip</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>application/zip</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/2122DDCF17FB3A342EA7F4C987A6FCC36E518193/fulltext/zip</uri></json:item><istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/2122DDCF17FB3A342EA7F4C987A6FCC36E518193/fulltext/tei"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Polyommatus icarus butterflies in the British Isles: evidence for a bottleneck</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><pubPlace>Oxford, UK</pubPlace><availability><p>© 2012 The Linnean Society of London© 2012 The Linnean Society of London</p></availability><date>2012</date></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="inbook"><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Polyommatus icarus butterflies in the British Isles: evidence for a bottleneck</title><author xml:id="author-1"><persName><forename type="first">RIEN DE</forename><surname>KEYSER</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Headington, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-2"><persName><forename type="first">TIM G.</forename><surname>SHREEVE</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Headington, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-3"><persName><forename type="first">CASPER J.</forename><surname>BREUKER</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Headington, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-4"><persName><forename type="first">ROSEMARY S.</forename><surname>HAILS</surname></persName><affiliation>Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Maclean Building, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford OX10 8BB, UK</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-5"><persName><forename type="first">THOMAS</forename><surname>SCHMITT</surname></persName><email>thsh@uni-trier.de</email><affiliation>Department of Biogeography, FB VI, Trier University, D–54 286 Trier, Germany</affiliation></author></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Biological Journal of the Linnean Society</title><idno type="pISSN">0024-4066</idno><idno type="eISSN">1095-8312</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1095-8312</idno><imprint><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><pubPlace>Oxford, UK</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2012-09"></date><biblScope unit="volume">107</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">1</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="123">123</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="136">136</biblScope></imprint></monogr><idno type="istex">2122DDCF17FB3A342EA7F4C987A6FCC36E518193</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1111/j.1095-8312.2012.01925.x</idno><idno type="ArticleID">BIJ1925</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>2012</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Phylogeographical research has revealed several paradigm patterns of postglacial range expansion from the Mediterranean peninsulas to more northern parts of Europe. These range expansions have consequences for the genetic constitution of populations. Although many studies have been performed in mainland Europe, the colonization history of the British Isles is relatively poorly studied; the genetic consequences of the last glacial readvances and the climate optimum conditions, as well as the implications of the recent climatic conditions on the population genetic structures, are little understood. Therefore, we selected the common blue butterfly Polyommatus icarus as a model species for understanding more generally the colonization patterns of the British Isles and the genetic dynamics on these islands. Allozyme analyses of this butterfly show a rather high genetic diversity over continental Europe without major genetic differentiation. The situation on the British Isles is completely different. Here, populations show a much lower genetic diversity compared to mainland Europe. The genetic constitution is well differentiated from that observed on the European mainland, and the genetic differentiation among populations in Britain is stronger than at the European scale. These results support the hypothesis that a relatively cold‐tolerant species such as the common blue could have colonized the British Isles early during the late glacial period and survived the last glacial readvances in small refugia in the South. The retraction of this species in small isolated populations could have caused the genetic impoverishment found. The subsequent forest climax during the climate optimum possibly restricted further expansion of this early succession species to small pockets all over the British Isles, resulting in the genetic patchwork that is still observed. Additionally, the relatively cool and rainy conditions one these islands might have caused bottlenecks, possibly enforcing these genetic patterns. © 2012 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2012, ••, ••–••.</p></abstract><textClass xml:lang="en"><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><head>keywords</head><item><term>allozyme electrophoresis</term></item><item><term>biogeography</term></item><item><term>common blue</term></item><item><term>postglacial range expansion</term></item><item><term>phylogeography</term></item></list></keywords></textClass><textClass><keywords scheme="Journal Subject"><list><head>article-category</head><item><term>Original Article</term></item></list></keywords></textClass></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="2012-09">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/2122DDCF17FB3A342EA7F4C987A6FCC36E518193/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Wiley, elements deleted: body"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:document><component version="2.0" type="serialArticle" xml:lang="en"><header><publicationMeta level="product"><publisherInfo><publisherName>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisherName><publisherLoc>Oxford, UK</publisherLoc></publisherInfo><doi origin="wiley" registered="yes">10.1111/(ISSN)1095-8312</doi><issn type="print">0024-4066</issn><issn type="electronic">1095-8312</issn><idGroup><id type="product" value="BIJ"></id><id type="publisherDivision" value="ST"></id></idGroup><titleGroup><title type="main" sort="BIOLOGICAL JOURNAL LINNEAN SOCIETY">Biological Journal of the Linnean Society</title></titleGroup></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="part" position="09101"><doi origin="wiley">10.1111/bij.2012.107.issue-1</doi><copyright ownership="thirdParty">© 2012 The Linnean Society of London</copyright><numberingGroup><numbering number="107" type="journalVolume">107</numbering><numbering type="journalIssue">1</numbering></numberingGroup><coverDate startDate="2012-09">September 2012</coverDate></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="unit" type="article" position="100" status="forIssue"><doi origin="wiley">10.1111/j.1095-8312.2012.01925.x</doi><idGroup><id type="unit" value="BIJ1925"></id></idGroup><countGroup><count type="pageTotal" number="14"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="tocHeading1">Original Articles</title><title type="articleCategory">Original Article</title></titleGroup><copyright>© 2012 The Linnean Society of London</copyright><eventGroup><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:BPG_TO_WML3G version:3.1.6 mode:FullText" date="2012-08-07"></event><event date="2012-08-07" type="xmlCorrected"></event><event type="publishedOnlineEarlyUnpaginated" date="2012-06-13"></event><event type="firstOnline" date="2012-06-13"></event><event type="publishedOnlineFinalForm" date="2012-08-08"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WILEY_ML3G_TO_WILEY_ML3GV2 version:3.8.8" date="2014-02-22"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WML3G_To_WML3G version:4.3.4 mode:FullText" date="2015-02-25"></event></eventGroup><numberingGroup><numbering type="pageFirst">123</numbering><numbering type="pageLast">136</numbering></numberingGroup><correspondenceTo> E‐mail: <email>thsh@uni-trier.de</email></correspondenceTo><objectNameGroup><objectName elementName="appendix">Appendix</objectName></objectNameGroup><linkGroup><link type="toTypesetVersion" href="file:BIJ.BIJ1925.pdf"></link></linkGroup></publicationMeta><contentMeta><unparsedEditorialHistory>Received 23 January 2012; revised 22 March 2012; accepted for publication 22 March 2012</unparsedEditorialHistory><countGroup><count type="figureTotal" number="3"></count><count type="tableTotal" number="2"></count><count type="formulaTotal" number="0"></count><count type="referenceTotal" number="77"></count><count type="wordTotal" number="6980"></count><count type="linksPubMed" number="0"></count><count type="linksCrossRef" number="0"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="main"><i>Polyommatus icarus</i> butterflies in the British Isles: evidence for a bottleneck</title><title type="shortAuthors">R. DE KEYSER <i>ET AL</i>.</title><title type="short">BIOGEOGRAPHY OF <i>P. ICARUS</i> IN BRITAIN</title></titleGroup><creators><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr1" affiliationRef="#a1"><personName><givenNames>RIEN DE</givenNames><familyName>KEYSER</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr2" affiliationRef="#a1"><personName><givenNames>TIM G.</givenNames><familyName>SHREEVE</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr3" affiliationRef="#a1"><personName><givenNames>CASPER J.</givenNames><familyName>BREUKER</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr4" affiliationRef="#a2"><personName><givenNames>ROSEMARY S.</givenNames><familyName>HAILS</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr5" affiliationRef="#a3" corresponding="yes"><personName><givenNames>THOMAS</givenNames><familyName>SCHMITT</familyName></personName></creator></creators><affiliationGroup><affiliation xml:id="a1" countryCode="GB"><unparsedAffiliation>Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Headington, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="a2" countryCode="GB"><unparsedAffiliation>Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Maclean Building, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford OX10 8BB, UK</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="a3" countryCode="DE"><unparsedAffiliation>Department of Biogeography, FB VI, Trier University, D–54 286 Trier, Germany</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation></affiliationGroup><keywordGroup xml:lang="en"><keyword xml:id="k1">allozyme electrophoresis</keyword><keyword xml:id="k2">biogeography</keyword><keyword xml:id="k3">common blue</keyword><keyword xml:id="k4">postglacial range expansion</keyword><keyword xml:id="k5">phylogeography</keyword></keywordGroup><abstractGroup><abstract type="main" xml:lang="en"><p>Phylogeographical research has revealed several paradigm patterns of postglacial range expansion from the Mediterranean peninsulas to more northern parts of Europe. These range expansions have consequences for the genetic constitution of populations. Although many studies have been performed in mainland Europe, the colonization history of the British Isles is relatively poorly studied; the genetic consequences of the last glacial readvances and the climate optimum conditions, as well as the implications of the recent climatic conditions on the population genetic structures, are little understood. Therefore, we selected the common blue butterfly <i>Polyommatus icarus</i> as a model species for understanding more generally the colonization patterns of the British Isles and the genetic dynamics on these islands. Allozyme analyses of this butterfly show a rather high genetic diversity over continental Europe without major genetic differentiation. The situation on the British Isles is completely different. Here, populations show a much lower genetic diversity compared to mainland Europe. The genetic constitution is well differentiated from that observed on the European mainland, and the genetic differentiation among populations in Britain is stronger than at the European scale. These results support the hypothesis that a relatively cold‐tolerant species such as the common blue could have colonized the British Isles early during the late glacial period and survived the last glacial readvances in small refugia in the South. The retraction of this species in small isolated populations could have caused the genetic impoverishment found. The subsequent forest climax during the climate optimum possibly restricted further expansion of this early succession species to small pockets all over the British Isles, resulting in the genetic patchwork that is still observed. Additionally, the relatively cool and rainy conditions one these islands might have caused bottlenecks, possibly enforcing these genetic patterns. © 2012 The Linnean Society of London, <i>Biological Journal of the Linnean Society</i>, 2012, ••, ••–••.</p></abstract></abstractGroup></contentMeta></header></component></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Polyommatus icarus butterflies in the British Isles: evidence for a bottleneck</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated" lang="en"><title>BIOGEOGRAPHY OF P. ICARUS IN BRITAIN</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>Polyommatus icarus butterflies in the British Isles: evidence for a bottleneck</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">RIEN DE</namePart><namePart type="family">KEYSER</namePart><affiliation>Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Headington, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">TIM G.</namePart><namePart type="family">SHREEVE</namePart><affiliation>Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Headington, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">CASPER J.</namePart><namePart type="family">BREUKER</namePart><affiliation>Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Headington, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">ROSEMARY S.</namePart><namePart type="family">HAILS</namePart><affiliation>Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Maclean Building, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford OX10 8BB, UK</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">THOMAS</namePart><namePart type="family">SCHMITT</namePart><affiliation>Department of Biogeography, FB VI, Trier University, D–54 286 Trier, Germany</affiliation><affiliation>E-mail: thsh@uni-trier.de</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="article" displayLabel="article"></genre><originInfo><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><place><placeTerm type="text">Oxford, UK</placeTerm></place><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2012-09</dateIssued><edition>Received 23 January 2012; revised 22 March 2012; accepted for publication 22 March 2012</edition><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2012</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType><extent unit="figures">3</extent><extent unit="tables">2</extent><extent unit="references">77</extent><extent unit="words">6980</extent></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">Phylogeographical research has revealed several paradigm patterns of postglacial range expansion from the Mediterranean peninsulas to more northern parts of Europe. These range expansions have consequences for the genetic constitution of populations. Although many studies have been performed in mainland Europe, the colonization history of the British Isles is relatively poorly studied; the genetic consequences of the last glacial readvances and the climate optimum conditions, as well as the implications of the recent climatic conditions on the population genetic structures, are little understood. Therefore, we selected the common blue butterfly Polyommatus icarus as a model species for understanding more generally the colonization patterns of the British Isles and the genetic dynamics on these islands. Allozyme analyses of this butterfly show a rather high genetic diversity over continental Europe without major genetic differentiation. The situation on the British Isles is completely different. Here, populations show a much lower genetic diversity compared to mainland Europe. The genetic constitution is well differentiated from that observed on the European mainland, and the genetic differentiation among populations in Britain is stronger than at the European scale. These results support the hypothesis that a relatively cold‐tolerant species such as the common blue could have colonized the British Isles early during the late glacial period and survived the last glacial readvances in small refugia in the South. The retraction of this species in small isolated populations could have caused the genetic impoverishment found. The subsequent forest climax during the climate optimum possibly restricted further expansion of this early succession species to small pockets all over the British Isles, resulting in the genetic patchwork that is still observed. Additionally, the relatively cool and rainy conditions one these islands might have caused bottlenecks, possibly enforcing these genetic patterns. © 2012 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2012, ••, ••–••.</abstract><subject lang="en"><genre>keywords</genre><topic>allozyme electrophoresis</topic><topic>biogeography</topic><topic>common blue</topic><topic>postglacial range expansion</topic><topic>phylogeography</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Biological Journal of the Linnean Society</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal">journal</genre><subject><genre>article-category</genre><topic>Original Article</topic></subject><identifier type="ISSN">0024-4066</identifier><identifier type="eISSN">1095-8312</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1095-8312</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID">BIJ</identifier><part><date>2012</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>107</number></detail><detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption><number>1</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>123</start><end>136</end><total>14</total></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">2122DDCF17FB3A342EA7F4C987A6FCC36E518193</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1111/j.1095-8312.2012.01925.x</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">BIJ1925</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">© 2012 The Linnean Society of London© 2012 The Linnean Society of London</accessCondition><recordInfo><recordContentSource>WILEY</recordContentSource><recordOrigin>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</recordOrigin></recordInfo></mods></metadata><serie></serie></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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