Acidity, nutrient stocks, and organic‐matter content in soils of a temperate deciduous forest with different abundance of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.)
Identifieur interne : 001964 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 001963; suivant : 001965Acidity, nutrient stocks, and organic‐matter content in soils of a temperate deciduous forest with different abundance of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.)
Auteurs : Anja Guckland ; Mascha Jacob ; Heiner Flessa ; Frank M. Thomas ; Christoph LeuschnerSource :
- Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science [ 1436-8730 ] ; 2009-08.
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Abstract
The production and composition of leaf litter, soil acidity, exchangeable nutrients, and the amount and distribution of soil organic matter were analyzed in a broad‐leaved mixed forest on loess over limestone in Central Germany. The study aimed at determining the current variability of surface‐soil acidification and nutrient status, and at identifying and evaluating the main factors that contributed to the variability of these soil properties along a gradient of decreasing predominance of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and increasing tree‐species diversity. Analyses were carried out in (1) mature monospecific stands with a predominance of beech (DL 1), (2) mature stands dominated by three deciduous‐tree species (DL 2: beech, ash [Fraxinus excelsior L.], lime [Tilia cordata Mill. and/or T. platyphyllos Scop.]), and (3) mature stands dominated by five deciduous‐tree species (DL 3: beech, ash, lime, hornbeam [Carpinus betulus L.], maple [Acer pseudoplatanus L. and/or A. platanoides L.]). The production of leaf litter was similar in all stands (3.2 to 3.9 Mg dry matter ha–1 y–1) but the total quantity of Ca and Mg deposited on the soil surface by leaf litter increased with increasing tree‐species diversity and decreasing abundance of beech (47 to 88 kg Ca ha–1 y–1; 3.8 to 7.9 kg Mg ha–1 y–1). The soil pH(H2O) and base saturation (BS) measured at three soil depths down to 30 cm (0–10 cm, 10–20 cm, 20–30 cm) were lower in stands dominated by beech (pH = 4.2 to 4.4, BS = 15% to 20%) than in mixed stands (pH = 5.1 to 6.5, BS = 80% to 100%). The quantities of exchangeable Al and Mn increased with decreasing pH and were highest beneath beech. Total stocks of exchangeable Ca (0–30 cm) were 12 to 15 times larger in mixed stands (6660 to 9650 kg ha–1) than in beech stands (620 kg ha–1). Similar results were found for stocks of exchangeable Mg that were 4 to 13 times larger in mixed stands (270 to 864 kg ha–1) than in beech stands (66 kg ha–1). Subsoil clay content and differences in litter composition were identified as important factors that contributed to the observed variability of soil acidification and stocks of exchangeable Ca and Mg. Organic‐C accumulation in the humus layer was highest in beech stands (0.81 kg m–2) and lowest in stands with the highest level of tree‐species diversity and the lowest abundance of beech (0.27 kg m–2). The results suggest that redistribution of nutrients via leaf litter has a high potential to increase BS in these loess‐derived surface soils that are underlain by limestone. Species‐related differences of the intensity of soil–tree cation cycling can thus influence the rate of soil acidification and the stocks and distribution of nutrients.
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DOI: 10.1002/jpln.200800072
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<record><TEI wicri:istexFullTextTei="biblStruct"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Acidity, nutrient stocks, and organic‐matter content in soils of a temperate deciduous forest with different abundance of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.)</title><author><name sortKey="Guckland, Anja" sort="Guckland, Anja" uniqKey="Guckland A" first="Anja" last="Guckland">Anja Guckland</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Soil Science of Temperate and Boreal Ecosystems, Büsgen Institute, Georg‐August‐Universität Göttingen, Büsgenweg 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jacob, Mascha" sort="Jacob, Mascha" uniqKey="Jacob M" first="Mascha" last="Jacob">Mascha Jacob</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Plant Ecology, Albrecht von Haller Institute of Plant Sciences, Georg‐August‐Universität Göttingen, Untere Karspüle 2, 37073 Göttingen, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Flessa, Heiner" sort="Flessa, Heiner" uniqKey="Flessa H" first="Heiner" last="Flessa">Heiner Flessa</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Soil Science of Temperate and Boreal Ecosystems, Büsgen Institute, Georg‐August‐Universität Göttingen, Büsgenweg 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: heinz.flessa@vti.bund.de</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thomas, Frank M" sort="Thomas, Frank M" uniqKey="Thomas F" first="Frank M." last="Thomas">Frank M. Thomas</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Göttingen Centre for Biodiversity and Ecology, Georg‐August‐Universität Göttingen, Untere Karspüle 2, 37073 Göttingen, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>present address: Department of Geobotany, Universität Trier, Behringstr. 21, 54296 Trier, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Leuschner, Christoph" sort="Leuschner, Christoph" uniqKey="Leuschner C" first="Christoph" last="Leuschner">Christoph Leuschner</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Plant Ecology, Albrecht von Haller Institute of Plant Sciences, Georg‐August‐Universität Göttingen, Untere Karspüle 2, 37073 Göttingen, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno><idno type="RBID">ISTEX:9627B9C86092553E65B88EA011194C973783F370</idno><date when="2009" year="2009">2009</date><idno type="doi">10.1002/jpln.200800072</idno><idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/document/9627B9C86092553E65B88EA011194C973783F370/fulltext/pdf</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Corpus">001964</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Istex" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="ISTEX">001964</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Acidity, nutrient stocks, and organic‐matter content in soils of a temperate deciduous forest with different abundance of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.)</title><author><name sortKey="Guckland, Anja" sort="Guckland, Anja" uniqKey="Guckland A" first="Anja" last="Guckland">Anja Guckland</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Soil Science of Temperate and Boreal Ecosystems, Büsgen Institute, Georg‐August‐Universität Göttingen, Büsgenweg 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jacob, Mascha" sort="Jacob, Mascha" uniqKey="Jacob M" first="Mascha" last="Jacob">Mascha Jacob</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Plant Ecology, Albrecht von Haller Institute of Plant Sciences, Georg‐August‐Universität Göttingen, Untere Karspüle 2, 37073 Göttingen, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Flessa, Heiner" sort="Flessa, Heiner" uniqKey="Flessa H" first="Heiner" last="Flessa">Heiner Flessa</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Soil Science of Temperate and Boreal Ecosystems, Büsgen Institute, Georg‐August‐Universität Göttingen, Büsgenweg 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: heinz.flessa@vti.bund.de</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thomas, Frank M" sort="Thomas, Frank M" uniqKey="Thomas F" first="Frank M." last="Thomas">Frank M. Thomas</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Göttingen Centre for Biodiversity and Ecology, Georg‐August‐Universität Göttingen, Untere Karspüle 2, 37073 Göttingen, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>present address: Department of Geobotany, Universität Trier, Behringstr. 21, 54296 Trier, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Leuschner, Christoph" sort="Leuschner, Christoph" uniqKey="Leuschner C" first="Christoph" last="Leuschner">Christoph Leuschner</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Plant Ecology, Albrecht von Haller Institute of Plant Sciences, Georg‐August‐Universität Göttingen, Untere Karspüle 2, 37073 Göttingen, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">Z. Pflanzenernähr. Bodenk.</title><idno type="ISSN">1436-8730</idno><idno type="eISSN">1522-2624</idno><imprint><publisher>WILEY‐VCH Verlag</publisher><pubPlace>Weinheim</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2009-08">2009-08</date><biblScope unit="volume">172</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">4</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="500">500</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="511">511</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">1436-8730</idno></series><idno type="istex">9627B9C86092553E65B88EA011194C973783F370</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1002/jpln.200800072</idno><idno type="ArticleID">JPLN200800072</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">1436-8730</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>base saturation</term><term>cation‐exchange capacity</term><term>deciduous‐tree species</term><term>soil organic matter</term><term>soil pH</term><term>soil texture</term><term>tree litter</term><term>tree‐species richness</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The production and composition of leaf litter, soil acidity, exchangeable nutrients, and the amount and distribution of soil organic matter were analyzed in a broad‐leaved mixed forest on loess over limestone in Central Germany. The study aimed at determining the current variability of surface‐soil acidification and nutrient status, and at identifying and evaluating the main factors that contributed to the variability of these soil properties along a gradient of decreasing predominance of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and increasing tree‐species diversity. Analyses were carried out in (1) mature monospecific stands with a predominance of beech (DL 1), (2) mature stands dominated by three deciduous‐tree species (DL 2: beech, ash [Fraxinus excelsior L.], lime [Tilia cordata Mill. and/or T. platyphyllos Scop.]), and (3) mature stands dominated by five deciduous‐tree species (DL 3: beech, ash, lime, hornbeam [Carpinus betulus L.], maple [Acer pseudoplatanus L. and/or A. platanoides L.]). The production of leaf litter was similar in all stands (3.2 to 3.9 Mg dry matter ha–1 y–1) but the total quantity of Ca and Mg deposited on the soil surface by leaf litter increased with increasing tree‐species diversity and decreasing abundance of beech (47 to 88 kg Ca ha–1 y–1; 3.8 to 7.9 kg Mg ha–1 y–1). The soil pH(H2O) and base saturation (BS) measured at three soil depths down to 30 cm (0–10 cm, 10–20 cm, 20–30 cm) were lower in stands dominated by beech (pH = 4.2 to 4.4, BS = 15% to 20%) than in mixed stands (pH = 5.1 to 6.5, BS = 80% to 100%). The quantities of exchangeable Al and Mn increased with decreasing pH and were highest beneath beech. Total stocks of exchangeable Ca (0–30 cm) were 12 to 15 times larger in mixed stands (6660 to 9650 kg ha–1) than in beech stands (620 kg ha–1). Similar results were found for stocks of exchangeable Mg that were 4 to 13 times larger in mixed stands (270 to 864 kg ha–1) than in beech stands (66 kg ha–1). Subsoil clay content and differences in litter composition were identified as important factors that contributed to the observed variability of soil acidification and stocks of exchangeable Ca and Mg. Organic‐C accumulation in the humus layer was highest in beech stands (0.81 kg m–2) and lowest in stands with the highest level of tree‐species diversity and the lowest abundance of beech (0.27 kg m–2). The results suggest that redistribution of nutrients via leaf litter has a high potential to increase BS in these loess‐derived surface soils that are underlain by limestone. Species‐related differences of the intensity of soil–tree cation cycling can thus influence the rate of soil acidification and the stocks and distribution of nutrients.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>wiley</corpusName><author><json:item><name>Anja Guckland</name><affiliations><json:string>Soil Science of Temperate and Boreal Ecosystems, Büsgen Institute, Georg‐August‐Universität Göttingen, Büsgenweg 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Mascha Jacob</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Plant Ecology, Albrecht von Haller Institute of Plant Sciences, Georg‐August‐Universität Göttingen, Untere Karspüle 2, 37073 Göttingen, Germany</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Heiner Flessa</name><affiliations><json:string>Soil Science of Temperate and Boreal Ecosystems, Büsgen Institute, Georg‐August‐Universität Göttingen, Büsgenweg 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany</json:string><json:string>E-mail: heinz.flessa@vti.bund.de</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Frank M. Thomas</name><affiliations><json:string>Göttingen Centre for Biodiversity and Ecology, Georg‐August‐Universität Göttingen, Untere Karspüle 2, 37073 Göttingen, Germany</json:string><json:string>present address: Department of Geobotany, Universität Trier, Behringstr. 21, 54296 Trier, Germany</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Christoph Leuschner</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Plant Ecology, Albrecht von Haller Institute of Plant Sciences, Georg‐August‐Universität Göttingen, Untere Karspüle 2, 37073 Göttingen, Germany</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>base saturation</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>cation‐exchange capacity</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>deciduous‐tree species</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>soil organic matter</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>soil pH</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>soil texture</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>tree litter</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>tree‐species richness</value></json:item></subject><articleId><json:string>JPLN200800072</json:string></articleId><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>The production and composition of leaf litter, soil acidity, exchangeable nutrients, and the amount and distribution of soil organic matter were analyzed in a broad‐leaved mixed forest on loess over limestone in Central Germany. The study aimed at determining the current variability of surface‐soil acidification and nutrient status, and at identifying and evaluating the main factors that contributed to the variability of these soil properties along a gradient of decreasing predominance of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and increasing tree‐species diversity. Analyses were carried out in (1) mature monospecific stands with a predominance of beech (DL 1), (2) mature stands dominated by three deciduous‐tree species (DL 2: beech, ash [Fraxinus excelsior L.], lime [Tilia cordata Mill. and/or T. platyphyllos Scop.]), and (3) mature stands dominated by five deciduous‐tree species (DL 3: beech, ash, lime, hornbeam [Carpinus betulus L.], maple [Acer pseudoplatanus L. and/or A. platanoides L.]). The production of leaf litter was similar in all stands (3.2 to 3.9 Mg dry matter ha–1 y–1) but the total quantity of Ca and Mg deposited on the soil surface by leaf litter increased with increasing tree‐species diversity and decreasing abundance of beech (47 to 88 kg Ca ha–1 y–1; 3.8 to 7.9 kg Mg ha–1 y–1). The soil pH(H2O) and base saturation (BS) measured at three soil depths down to 30 cm (0–10 cm, 10–20 cm, 20–30 cm) were lower in stands dominated by beech (pH = 4.2 to 4.4, BS = 15% to 20%) than in mixed stands (pH = 5.1 to 6.5, BS = 80% to 100%). The quantities of exchangeable Al and Mn increased with decreasing pH and were highest beneath beech. Total stocks of exchangeable Ca (0–30 cm) were 12 to 15 times larger in mixed stands (6660 to 9650 kg ha–1) than in beech stands (620 kg ha–1). Similar results were found for stocks of exchangeable Mg that were 4 to 13 times larger in mixed stands (270 to 864 kg ha–1) than in beech stands (66 kg ha–1). Subsoil clay content and differences in litter composition were identified as important factors that contributed to the observed variability of soil acidification and stocks of exchangeable Ca and Mg. Organic‐C accumulation in the humus layer was highest in beech stands (0.81 kg m–2) and lowest in stands with the highest level of tree‐species diversity and the lowest abundance of beech (0.27 kg m–2). The results suggest that redistribution of nutrients via leaf litter has a high potential to increase BS in these loess‐derived surface soils that are underlain by limestone. Species‐related differences of the intensity of soil–tree cation cycling can thus influence the rate of soil acidification and the stocks and distribution of nutrients.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>8</score><pdfVersion>1.3</pdfVersion><pdfPageSize>595 x 794 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><abstractCharCount>2717</abstractCharCount><pdfWordCount>8510</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>51343</pdfCharCount><pdfPageCount>12</pdfPageCount><abstractWordCount>433</abstractWordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Acidity, nutrient stocks, and organic‐matter content in soils of a temperate deciduous forest with different abundance of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.)</title><refBibs><json:item><author><json:item><name>A. Alriksson</name></json:item><json:item><name>H. M. Eriksson</name></json:item></author><host><volume>108</volume><pages><last>273</last><first>261</first></pages><author></author><title>For. Ecol. 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Res.</title></host><title>Spatial variability in soil nutrient availability in an oak‐pine forest: potential effects of tree species.</title></json:item></refBibs><genre><json:string>article</json:string></genre><host><volume>172</volume><publisherId><json:string>JPLN</json:string></publisherId><pages><total>12</total><last>511</last><first>500</first></pages><issn><json:string>1436-8730</json:string></issn><issue>4</issue><subject><json:item><value>Regular Article</value></json:item></subject><genre><json:string>journal</json:string></genre><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><eissn><json:string>1522-2624</json:string></eissn><title>Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science</title><doi><json:string>10.1002/(ISSN)1522-2624</json:string></doi></host><categories><wos><json:string>science</json:string><json:string>soil science</json:string><json:string>plant sciences</json:string><json:string>agronomy</json:string></wos><scienceMetrix><json:string>applied sciences</json:string><json:string>agriculture, fisheries & forestry</json:string><json:string>agronomy & agriculture</json:string></scienceMetrix></categories><publicationDate>2009</publicationDate><copyrightDate>2009</copyrightDate><doi><json:string>10.1002/jpln.200800072</json:string></doi><id>9627B9C86092553E65B88EA011194C973783F370</id><score>0.27614707</score><fulltext><json:item><extension>pdf</extension><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/9627B9C86092553E65B88EA011194C973783F370/fulltext/pdf</uri></json:item><json:item><extension>zip</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>application/zip</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/9627B9C86092553E65B88EA011194C973783F370/fulltext/zip</uri></json:item><istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/9627B9C86092553E65B88EA011194C973783F370/fulltext/tei"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Acidity, nutrient stocks, and organic‐matter content in soils of a temperate deciduous forest with different abundance of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.)</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher>WILEY‐VCH Verlag</publisher><pubPlace>Weinheim</pubPlace><availability><p>Copyright © 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim</p></availability><date>2009</date></publicationStmt><notesStmt><note>Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft - No. Graduiertenkolleg 1086;</note></notesStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="inbook"><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Acidity, nutrient stocks, and organic‐matter content in soils of a temperate deciduous forest with different abundance of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.)</title><author xml:id="author-1"><persName><forename type="first">Anja</forename><surname>Guckland</surname></persName><affiliation>Soil Science of Temperate and Boreal Ecosystems, Büsgen Institute, Georg‐August‐Universität Göttingen, Büsgenweg 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-2"><persName><forename type="first">Mascha</forename><surname>Jacob</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Plant Ecology, Albrecht von Haller Institute of Plant Sciences, Georg‐August‐Universität Göttingen, Untere Karspüle 2, 37073 Göttingen, Germany</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-3"><persName><forename type="first">Heiner</forename><surname>Flessa</surname></persName><email>heinz.flessa@vti.bund.de</email><affiliation>Soil Science of Temperate and Boreal Ecosystems, Büsgen Institute, Georg‐August‐Universität Göttingen, Büsgenweg 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-4"><persName><forename type="first">Frank M.</forename><surname>Thomas</surname></persName><affiliation>Göttingen Centre for Biodiversity and Ecology, Georg‐August‐Universität Göttingen, Untere Karspüle 2, 37073 Göttingen, Germany</affiliation><affiliation>present address: Department of Geobotany, Universität Trier, Behringstr. 21, 54296 Trier, Germany</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-5"><persName><forename type="first">Christoph</forename><surname>Leuschner</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Plant Ecology, Albrecht von Haller Institute of Plant Sciences, Georg‐August‐Universität Göttingen, Untere Karspüle 2, 37073 Göttingen, Germany</affiliation></author></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">Z. Pflanzenernähr. Bodenk.</title><idno type="pISSN">1436-8730</idno><idno type="eISSN">1522-2624</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1002/(ISSN)1522-2624</idno><imprint><publisher>WILEY‐VCH Verlag</publisher><pubPlace>Weinheim</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2009-08"></date><biblScope unit="volume">172</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">4</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="500">500</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="511">511</biblScope></imprint></monogr><idno type="istex">9627B9C86092553E65B88EA011194C973783F370</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1002/jpln.200800072</idno><idno type="ArticleID">JPLN200800072</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>2009</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The production and composition of leaf litter, soil acidity, exchangeable nutrients, and the amount and distribution of soil organic matter were analyzed in a broad‐leaved mixed forest on loess over limestone in Central Germany. The study aimed at determining the current variability of surface‐soil acidification and nutrient status, and at identifying and evaluating the main factors that contributed to the variability of these soil properties along a gradient of decreasing predominance of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and increasing tree‐species diversity. Analyses were carried out in (1) mature monospecific stands with a predominance of beech (DL 1), (2) mature stands dominated by three deciduous‐tree species (DL 2: beech, ash [Fraxinus excelsior L.], lime [Tilia cordata Mill. and/or T. platyphyllos Scop.]), and (3) mature stands dominated by five deciduous‐tree species (DL 3: beech, ash, lime, hornbeam [Carpinus betulus L.], maple [Acer pseudoplatanus L. and/or A. platanoides L.]). The production of leaf litter was similar in all stands (3.2 to 3.9 Mg dry matter ha–1 y–1) but the total quantity of Ca and Mg deposited on the soil surface by leaf litter increased with increasing tree‐species diversity and decreasing abundance of beech (47 to 88 kg Ca ha–1 y–1; 3.8 to 7.9 kg Mg ha–1 y–1). The soil pH(H2O) and base saturation (BS) measured at three soil depths down to 30 cm (0–10 cm, 10–20 cm, 20–30 cm) were lower in stands dominated by beech (pH = 4.2 to 4.4, BS = 15% to 20%) than in mixed stands (pH = 5.1 to 6.5, BS = 80% to 100%). The quantities of exchangeable Al and Mn increased with decreasing pH and were highest beneath beech. Total stocks of exchangeable Ca (0–30 cm) were 12 to 15 times larger in mixed stands (6660 to 9650 kg ha–1) than in beech stands (620 kg ha–1). Similar results were found for stocks of exchangeable Mg that were 4 to 13 times larger in mixed stands (270 to 864 kg ha–1) than in beech stands (66 kg ha–1). Subsoil clay content and differences in litter composition were identified as important factors that contributed to the observed variability of soil acidification and stocks of exchangeable Ca and Mg. Organic‐C accumulation in the humus layer was highest in beech stands (0.81 kg m–2) and lowest in stands with the highest level of tree‐species diversity and the lowest abundance of beech (0.27 kg m–2). The results suggest that redistribution of nutrients via leaf litter has a high potential to increase BS in these loess‐derived surface soils that are underlain by limestone. Species‐related differences of the intensity of soil–tree cation cycling can thus influence the rate of soil acidification and the stocks and distribution of nutrients.</p></abstract><textClass xml:lang="en"><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><head>keywords</head><item><term>base saturation</term></item><item><term>cation‐exchange capacity</term></item><item><term>deciduous‐tree species</term></item><item><term>soil organic matter</term></item><item><term>soil pH</term></item><item><term>soil texture</term></item><item><term>tree litter</term></item><item><term>tree‐species richness</term></item></list></keywords></textClass><textClass><keywords scheme="Journal Subject"><list><head>article-category</head><item><term>Regular Article</term></item></list></keywords></textClass></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="2009-05-28">Registration</change><change when="2009-08">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/9627B9C86092553E65B88EA011194C973783F370/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Wiley, elements deleted: body"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:document><component version="2.0" type="serialArticle" xml:lang="en"><header><publicationMeta level="product"><publisherInfo><publisherName>WILEY‐VCH Verlag</publisherName><publisherLoc>Weinheim</publisherLoc></publisherInfo><doi registered="yes">10.1002/(ISSN)1522-2624</doi><issn type="print">1436-8730</issn><issn type="electronic">1522-2624</issn><idGroup><id type="product" value="JPLN"></id></idGroup><titleGroup><title type="main" xml:lang="en" sort="JOURNAL OF PLANT NUTRITION AND SOIL SCIENCE ZEITSCHRIFT FUER PFLANZENERNAEHRUNG UND BODENKUNDE">Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science</title><title type="tocForm">Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science / Zeitschrift für Pflanzenernährung und Bodenkunde</title><title type="short">Z. 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KGaA, Weinheim</copyright><eventGroup><event type="manuscriptAccepted" date="2009-05-28"></event><event type="firstOnline" date="2009-04-02"></event><event type="publishedOnlineFinalForm" date="2009-08-06"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:JWSART34_TO_WML3G version:2.3.2 mode:FullText source:HeaderRef result:HeaderRef" date="2010-03-09"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WILEY_ML3G_TO_WILEY_ML3GV2 version:3.8.8" date="2014-02-01"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WML3G_To_WML3G version:4.1.7 mode:FullText,remove_FC" date="2014-10-30"></event></eventGroup><numberingGroup><numbering type="pageFirst">500</numbering><numbering type="pageLast">511</numbering></numberingGroup><linkGroup><link type="toTypesetVersion" href="file:JPLN.JPLN200800072.pdf"></link></linkGroup></publicationMeta><contentMeta><countGroup><count type="figureTotal" number="7"></count><count type="tableTotal" number="5"></count><count type="referenceTotal" number="37"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="main" xml:lang="en">Acidity, nutrient stocks, and organic‐matter content in soils of a temperate deciduous forest with different abundance of European beech (<i>Fagus sylvatica</i> L.)</title></titleGroup><creators><creator xml:id="au1" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#a1"><personName><givenNames>Anja</givenNames><familyName>Guckland</familyName></personName></creator><creator xml:id="au2" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#a2"><personName><givenNames>Mascha</givenNames><familyName>Jacob</familyName></personName></creator><creator xml:id="au3" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#a1"><personName><givenNames>Heiner</givenNames><familyName>Flessa</familyName></personName><contactDetails><email>heinz.flessa@vti.bund.de</email></contactDetails></creator><creator xml:id="au4" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#a4 #a5"><personName><givenNames>Frank M.</givenNames><familyName>Thomas</familyName></personName></creator><creator xml:id="au5" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#a2"><personName><givenNames>Christoph</givenNames><familyName>Leuschner</familyName></personName></creator></creators><affiliationGroup><affiliation xml:id="a1" countryCode="DE" type="organization"><unparsedAffiliation>Soil Science of Temperate and Boreal Ecosystems, Büsgen Institute, Georg‐August‐Universität Göttingen, Büsgenweg 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="a2" countryCode="DE" type="organization"><unparsedAffiliation>Department of Plant Ecology, Albrecht von Haller Institute of Plant Sciences, Georg‐August‐Universität Göttingen, Untere Karspüle 2, 37073 Göttingen, Germany</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="a3" countryCode="DE" type="organization"><unparsedAffiliation>present address: Institute of Agricultural Climate Research, Johann Heinrich von Thünen‐Institut, Federal Research Institute for Rural Areas, Forestry and Fisheries, Bundesallee 50, 38116 Braunschweig, Germany</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="a4" countryCode="DE" type="organization"><unparsedAffiliation>Göttingen Centre for Biodiversity and Ecology, Georg‐August‐Universität Göttingen, Untere Karspüle 2, 37073 Göttingen, Germany</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="a5" countryCode="DE" type="organization"><unparsedAffiliation>present address: Department of Geobotany, Universität Trier, Behringstr. 21, 54296 Trier, Germany</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation></affiliationGroup><keywordGroup xml:lang="en" type="author"><keyword xml:id="kwd1">base saturation</keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd2">cation‐exchange capacity</keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd3">deciduous‐tree species</keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd4">soil organic matter</keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd5">soil pH</keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd6">soil texture</keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd7">tree litter</keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd8">tree‐species richness</keyword></keywordGroup><fundingInfo><fundingAgency>Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft</fundingAgency><fundingNumber>Graduiertenkolleg 1086</fundingNumber></fundingInfo><abstractGroup><abstract type="main" xml:lang="en"><title type="main">Abstract</title><p>The production and composition of leaf litter, soil acidity, exchangeable nutrients, and the amount and distribution of soil organic matter were analyzed in a broad‐leaved mixed forest on loess over limestone in Central Germany. The study aimed at determining the current variability of surface‐soil acidification and nutrient status, and at identifying and evaluating the main factors that contributed to the variability of these soil properties along a gradient of decreasing predominance of European beech (<i>Fagus sylvatica</i> L.) and increasing tree‐species diversity. Analyses were carried out in (1) mature monospecific stands with a predominance of beech (DL 1), (2) mature stands dominated by three deciduous‐tree species (DL 2: beech, ash [<i>Fraxinus excelsior</i> L.], lime [<i>Tilia cordata</i> Mill. and/or <i>T. platyphyllos</i> Scop.]), and (3) mature stands dominated by five deciduous‐tree species (DL 3: beech, ash, lime, hornbeam [<i>Carpinus betulus</i> L.], maple [<i>Acer pseudoplatanus</i> L. and/or <i>A. platanoides</i> L.]).</p><p>The production of leaf litter was similar in all stands (3.2 to 3.9 Mg dry matter ha<sup>–1</sup> y<sup>–1</sup>) but the total quantity of Ca and Mg deposited on the soil surface by leaf litter increased with increasing tree‐species diversity and decreasing abundance of beech (47 to 88 kg Ca ha<sup>–1 </sup>y<sup>–1</sup>; 3.8 to 7.9 kg Mg ha<sup>–1 </sup>y<sup>–1</sup>). The soil pH<sub>(H2O)</sub> and base saturation (BS) measured at three soil depths down to 30 cm (0–10 cm, 10–20 cm, 20–30 cm) were lower in stands dominated by beech (pH = 4.2 to 4.4, BS = 15% to 20%) than in mixed stands (pH = 5.1 to 6.5, BS = 80% to 100%). The quantities of exchangeable Al and Mn increased with decreasing pH and were highest beneath beech. Total stocks of exchangeable Ca (0–30 cm) were 12 to 15 times larger in mixed stands (6660 to 9650 kg ha<sup>–1</sup>) than in beech stands (620 kg ha<sup>–1</sup>). Similar results were found for stocks of exchangeable Mg that were 4 to 13 times larger in mixed stands (270 to 864 kg ha<sup>–1</sup>) than in beech stands (66 kg ha<sup>–1</sup>). Subsoil clay content and differences in litter composition were identified as important factors that contributed to the observed variability of soil acidification and stocks of exchangeable Ca and Mg. Organic‐C accumulation in the humus layer was highest in beech stands (0.81 kg m<sup>–2</sup>) and lowest in stands with the highest level of tree‐species diversity and the lowest abundance of beech (0.27 kg m<sup>–2</sup>).</p><p>The results suggest that redistribution of nutrients <i>via</i> leaf litter has a high potential to increase BS in these loess‐derived surface soils that are underlain by limestone. Species‐related differences of the intensity of soil–tree cation cycling can thus influence the rate of soil acidification and the stocks and distribution of nutrients.</p></abstract></abstractGroup></contentMeta></header></component></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Acidity, nutrient stocks, and organic‐matter content in soils of a temperate deciduous forest with different abundance of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.)</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>Acidity, nutrient stocks, and organic‐matter content in soils of a temperate deciduous forest with different abundance of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.)</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Anja</namePart><namePart type="family">Guckland</namePart><affiliation>Soil Science of Temperate and Boreal Ecosystems, Büsgen Institute, Georg‐August‐Universität Göttingen, Büsgenweg 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Mascha</namePart><namePart type="family">Jacob</namePart><affiliation>Department of Plant Ecology, Albrecht von Haller Institute of Plant Sciences, Georg‐August‐Universität Göttingen, Untere Karspüle 2, 37073 Göttingen, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Heiner</namePart><namePart type="family">Flessa</namePart><affiliation>Soil Science of Temperate and Boreal Ecosystems, Büsgen Institute, Georg‐August‐Universität Göttingen, Büsgenweg 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany</affiliation><affiliation>E-mail: heinz.flessa@vti.bund.de</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Frank M.</namePart><namePart type="family">Thomas</namePart><affiliation>Göttingen Centre for Biodiversity and Ecology, Georg‐August‐Universität Göttingen, Untere Karspüle 2, 37073 Göttingen, Germany</affiliation><affiliation>present address: Department of Geobotany, Universität Trier, Behringstr. 21, 54296 Trier, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Christoph</namePart><namePart type="family">Leuschner</namePart><affiliation>Department of Plant Ecology, Albrecht von Haller Institute of Plant Sciences, Georg‐August‐Universität Göttingen, Untere Karspüle 2, 37073 Göttingen, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="article" displayLabel="article"></genre><originInfo><publisher>WILEY‐VCH Verlag</publisher><place><placeTerm type="text">Weinheim</placeTerm></place><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2009-08</dateIssued><dateValid encoding="w3cdtf">2009-05-28</dateValid><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2009</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType><extent unit="figures">7</extent><extent unit="tables">5</extent><extent unit="references">37</extent></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">The production and composition of leaf litter, soil acidity, exchangeable nutrients, and the amount and distribution of soil organic matter were analyzed in a broad‐leaved mixed forest on loess over limestone in Central Germany. The study aimed at determining the current variability of surface‐soil acidification and nutrient status, and at identifying and evaluating the main factors that contributed to the variability of these soil properties along a gradient of decreasing predominance of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and increasing tree‐species diversity. Analyses were carried out in (1) mature monospecific stands with a predominance of beech (DL 1), (2) mature stands dominated by three deciduous‐tree species (DL 2: beech, ash [Fraxinus excelsior L.], lime [Tilia cordata Mill. and/or T. platyphyllos Scop.]), and (3) mature stands dominated by five deciduous‐tree species (DL 3: beech, ash, lime, hornbeam [Carpinus betulus L.], maple [Acer pseudoplatanus L. and/or A. platanoides L.]). The production of leaf litter was similar in all stands (3.2 to 3.9 Mg dry matter ha–1 y–1) but the total quantity of Ca and Mg deposited on the soil surface by leaf litter increased with increasing tree‐species diversity and decreasing abundance of beech (47 to 88 kg Ca ha–1 y–1; 3.8 to 7.9 kg Mg ha–1 y–1). The soil pH(H2O) and base saturation (BS) measured at three soil depths down to 30 cm (0–10 cm, 10–20 cm, 20–30 cm) were lower in stands dominated by beech (pH = 4.2 to 4.4, BS = 15% to 20%) than in mixed stands (pH = 5.1 to 6.5, BS = 80% to 100%). The quantities of exchangeable Al and Mn increased with decreasing pH and were highest beneath beech. Total stocks of exchangeable Ca (0–30 cm) were 12 to 15 times larger in mixed stands (6660 to 9650 kg ha–1) than in beech stands (620 kg ha–1). Similar results were found for stocks of exchangeable Mg that were 4 to 13 times larger in mixed stands (270 to 864 kg ha–1) than in beech stands (66 kg ha–1). Subsoil clay content and differences in litter composition were identified as important factors that contributed to the observed variability of soil acidification and stocks of exchangeable Ca and Mg. Organic‐C accumulation in the humus layer was highest in beech stands (0.81 kg m–2) and lowest in stands with the highest level of tree‐species diversity and the lowest abundance of beech (0.27 kg m–2). The results suggest that redistribution of nutrients via leaf litter has a high potential to increase BS in these loess‐derived surface soils that are underlain by limestone. Species‐related differences of the intensity of soil–tree cation cycling can thus influence the rate of soil acidification and the stocks and distribution of nutrients.</abstract><note type="funding">Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft - No. Graduiertenkolleg 1086; </note><subject lang="en"><genre>keywords</genre><topic>base saturation</topic><topic>cation‐exchange capacity</topic><topic>deciduous‐tree species</topic><topic>soil organic matter</topic><topic>soil pH</topic><topic>soil texture</topic><topic>tree litter</topic><topic>tree‐species richness</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>Z. Pflanzenernähr. Bodenk.</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal">journal</genre><subject><genre>article-category</genre><topic>Regular Article</topic></subject><identifier type="ISSN">1436-8730</identifier><identifier type="eISSN">1522-2624</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1002/(ISSN)1522-2624</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID">JPLN</identifier><part><date>2009</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>172</number></detail><detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption><number>4</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>500</start><end>511</end><total>12</total></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">9627B9C86092553E65B88EA011194C973783F370</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1002/jpln.200800072</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">JPLN200800072</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">Copyright © 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. 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