Global warming will affect the genetic diversity and uniqueness of Lycaena helle populations
Identifieur interne : 001883 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 001882; suivant : 001884Global warming will affect the genetic diversity and uniqueness of Lycaena helle populations
Auteurs : Jan Christian Habel ; Dennis Rödder ; Thomas Schmitt ; Gabriel NèveSource :
- Global Change Biology [ 1354-1013 ] ; 2011-01.
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Abstract
The climate warming of the postglacial has strongly reduced the distribution of cold‐adapted species over most of Central Europe. Such taxa have therefore become extinct over most of the lowlands and shifted to higher altitudes where they have survived to the present day. The lycaenid butterfly Lycaena helle follows this pattern of former widespread distribution and later restriction to mountain areas such as the European middle mountains. We sampled 203 individuals from 10 populations representing six mountain ranges (Pyrenees, Jura, Massif Central, Morvan, Vosges and Ardennes) over the species' western distribution. Allozyme and microsatellite polymorphisms were analysed to study the genetic status of these highly fragmented populations. Both molecular marker systems revealed a strong genetic differentiation among the analysed populations, coinciding with the orographic structure and highly restricted gene flow among them. The large‐scale genetic differentiation is more pronounced in allozymes (FCT: 0.326) than in microsatellites (RCT: 0.113), but microsatellites show a higher resolution on the regional scale (RSC: 0.082) compared with allozymes (FSC: n.s.). For both analytical tools, we found private alleles occurring exclusively in a single mountain area. The highly fragmented and isolated occurrence of populations is supported by the distribution pattern of potentially suitable climate suggested by species distribution models. Model projections under two climate warming scenarios predict a decline of climatically suitable areas, which will result in the extinction of most of the populations showing unique genetic characteristics.
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DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02233.x
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Biogeography, Trier University, D‐54296 Trier, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schmitt, Thomas" sort="Schmitt, Thomas" uniqKey="Schmitt T" first="Thomas" last="Schmitt">Thomas Schmitt</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Biogeography, Trier University, D‐54296 Trier, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Neve, Gabriel" sort="Neve, Gabriel" uniqKey="Neve G" first="Gabriel" last="Nève">Gabriel Nève</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Aix‐Marseille Université, CNRS IRD UMR 6116‐IMEP, F‐13331 Marseille Cedex 3, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno><idno type="RBID">ISTEX:181F2E276174DBAE69CADD59A3C77937F885D143</idno><date when="2011" year="2011">2011</date><idno type="doi">10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02233.x</idno><idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/document/181F2E276174DBAE69CADD59A3C77937F885D143/fulltext/pdf</idno><idno 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sort="Rodder, Dennis" uniqKey="Rodder D" first="Dennis" last="Rödder">Dennis Rödder</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Biogeography, Trier University, D‐54296 Trier, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schmitt, Thomas" sort="Schmitt, Thomas" uniqKey="Schmitt T" first="Thomas" last="Schmitt">Thomas Schmitt</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Biogeography, Trier University, D‐54296 Trier, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Neve, Gabriel" sort="Neve, Gabriel" uniqKey="Neve G" first="Gabriel" last="Nève">Gabriel Nève</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Aix‐Marseille Université, CNRS IRD UMR 6116‐IMEP, F‐13331 Marseille Cedex 3, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Global Change Biology</title><idno type="ISSN">1354-1013</idno><idno type="eISSN">1365-2486</idno><imprint><publisher>Blackwell Publishing 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xml:lang="en">The climate warming of the postglacial has strongly reduced the distribution of cold‐adapted species over most of Central Europe. Such taxa have therefore become extinct over most of the lowlands and shifted to higher altitudes where they have survived to the present day. The lycaenid butterfly Lycaena helle follows this pattern of former widespread distribution and later restriction to mountain areas such as the European middle mountains. We sampled 203 individuals from 10 populations representing six mountain ranges (Pyrenees, Jura, Massif Central, Morvan, Vosges and Ardennes) over the species' western distribution. Allozyme and microsatellite polymorphisms were analysed to study the genetic status of these highly fragmented populations. Both molecular marker systems revealed a strong genetic differentiation among the analysed populations, coinciding with the orographic structure and highly restricted gene flow among them. The large‐scale genetic differentiation is more pronounced in allozymes (FCT: 0.326) than in microsatellites (RCT: 0.113), but microsatellites show a higher resolution on the regional scale (RSC: 0.082) compared with allozymes (FSC: n.s.). For both analytical tools, we found private alleles occurring exclusively in a single mountain area. The highly fragmented and isolated occurrence of populations is supported by the distribution pattern of potentially suitable climate suggested by species distribution models. Model projections under two climate warming scenarios predict a decline of climatically suitable areas, which will result in the extinction of most of the populations showing unique genetic characteristics.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>wiley</corpusName><author><json:item><name>JAN CHRISTIAN HABEL</name><affiliations><json:string>Institute of Ecology and Environmental Chemistry, Leuphana University Lüneburg, D‐21335 Lüneburg, Germany</json:string><json:string>Musée National d'Histoire Naturelle, Section Zoologie des Invertébrés, L‐2160 Luxembourg</json:string><json:string>Department of Biogeography, Trier University, D‐54296 Trier, Germany</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>DENNIS RÖDDER</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Biogeography, Trier University, D‐54296 Trier, Germany</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>THOMAS SCHMITT</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Biogeography, Trier University, D‐54296 Trier, Germany</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>GABRIEL NÈVE</name><affiliations><json:string>Aix‐Marseille Université, CNRS IRD UMR 6116‐IMEP, F‐13331 Marseille Cedex 3, France</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>allozymes</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>climate change</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>climate envelope</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>ecological niche modelling</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>fragmentation</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Lycaenidae</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>microsatellites</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>mountain regions</value></json:item></subject><articleId><json:string>GCB2233</json:string></articleId><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>The climate warming of the postglacial has strongly reduced the distribution of cold‐adapted species over most of Central Europe. Such taxa have therefore become extinct over most of the lowlands and shifted to higher altitudes where they have survived to the present day. The lycaenid butterfly Lycaena helle follows this pattern of former widespread distribution and later restriction to mountain areas such as the European middle mountains. We sampled 203 individuals from 10 populations representing six mountain ranges (Pyrenees, Jura, Massif Central, Morvan, Vosges and Ardennes) over the species' western distribution. Allozyme and microsatellite polymorphisms were analysed to study the genetic status of these highly fragmented populations. Both molecular marker systems revealed a strong genetic differentiation among the analysed populations, coinciding with the orographic structure and highly restricted gene flow among them. The large‐scale genetic differentiation is more pronounced in allozymes (FCT: 0.326) than in microsatellites (RCT: 0.113), but microsatellites show a higher resolution on the regional scale (RSC: 0.082) compared with allozymes (FSC: n.s.). For both analytical tools, we found private alleles occurring exclusively in a single mountain area. The highly fragmented and isolated occurrence of populations is supported by the distribution pattern of potentially suitable climate suggested by species distribution models. Model projections under two climate warming scenarios predict a decline of climatically suitable areas, which will result in the extinction of most of the populations showing unique genetic characteristics.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>7.784</score><pdfVersion>1.3</pdfVersion><pdfPageSize>595.276 x 782.362 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><abstractCharCount>1662</abstractCharCount><pdfWordCount>7770</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>50491</pdfCharCount><pdfPageCount>12</pdfPageCount><abstractWordCount>232</abstractWordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Global warming will affect the genetic diversity and uniqueness of Lycaena helle populations</title><refBibs><json:item><author><json:item><name>K Aagaard</name></json:item><json:item><name>K Hindar</name></json:item><json:item><name>AS Pullin</name></json:item><json:item><name>CH James</name></json:item><json:item><name>O Hammarstedt</name></json:item><json:item><name>T Balstad</name></json:item><json:item><name>O Hanssen</name></json:item></author><host><volume>75</volume><pages><last>37</last><first>27</first></pages><author></author><title>Biological Journal of the Linnean Society</title></host><title>Phylogenetic relationships in brown argus butterflies (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae: Aricia) from north‐western Europe</title></json:item><json:item><host><author></author><title>Agnes G (2000) Schmetterlingszö nosen des Feuchtgrü nlandes in der Deutsch‐Belgischen Hocheifel und Untersuchungen zur Eignung von Indikatorarten fü r die Differenzierung vernä βter Standorte. 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Biology</title><doi><json:string>10.1111/(ISSN)1365-2486</json:string></doi></host><categories><wos><json:string>science</json:string><json:string>environmental sciences</json:string><json:string>ecology</json:string><json:string>biodiversity conservation</json:string></wos><scienceMetrix><json:string>natural sciences</json:string><json:string>biology</json:string><json:string>ecology</json:string></scienceMetrix></categories><publicationDate>2011</publicationDate><copyrightDate>2011</copyrightDate><doi><json:string>10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02233.x</json:string></doi><id>181F2E276174DBAE69CADD59A3C77937F885D143</id><score>1.1161411</score><fulltext><json:item><extension>pdf</extension><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/181F2E276174DBAE69CADD59A3C77937F885D143/fulltext/pdf</uri></json:item><json:item><extension>zip</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>application/zip</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/181F2E276174DBAE69CADD59A3C77937F885D143/fulltext/zip</uri></json:item><istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/181F2E276174DBAE69CADD59A3C77937F885D143/fulltext/tei"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Global warming will affect the genetic diversity and uniqueness of Lycaena helle populations</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><pubPlace>Oxford, UK</pubPlace><availability><p>© 2010 Blackwell Publishing Ltd</p></availability><date>2011</date></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="inbook"><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Global warming will affect the genetic diversity and uniqueness of Lycaena helle populations</title><author xml:id="author-1"><persName><forename type="first">JAN CHRISTIAN</forename><surname>HABEL</surname></persName><affiliation>Institute of Ecology and Environmental Chemistry, Leuphana University Lüneburg, D‐21335 Lüneburg, Germany</affiliation><affiliation>Musée National d'Histoire Naturelle, Section Zoologie des Invertébrés, L‐2160 Luxembourg</affiliation><affiliation>Department of Biogeography, Trier University, D‐54296 Trier, Germany</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-2"><persName><forename type="first">DENNIS</forename><surname>RÖDDER</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Biogeography, Trier University, D‐54296 Trier, Germany</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-3"><persName><forename type="first">THOMAS</forename><surname>SCHMITT</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Biogeography, Trier University, D‐54296 Trier, Germany</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-4"><persName><forename type="first">GABRIEL</forename><surname>NÈVE</surname></persName><affiliation>Aix‐Marseille Université, CNRS IRD UMR 6116‐IMEP, F‐13331 Marseille Cedex 3, France</affiliation></author></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Global Change Biology</title><idno type="pISSN">1354-1013</idno><idno type="eISSN">1365-2486</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1365-2486</idno><imprint><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><pubPlace>Oxford, UK</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2011-01"></date><biblScope unit="volume">17</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">1</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="194">194</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="205">205</biblScope></imprint></monogr><idno type="istex">181F2E276174DBAE69CADD59A3C77937F885D143</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02233.x</idno><idno type="ArticleID">GCB2233</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>2011</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The climate warming of the postglacial has strongly reduced the distribution of cold‐adapted species over most of Central Europe. Such taxa have therefore become extinct over most of the lowlands and shifted to higher altitudes where they have survived to the present day. The lycaenid butterfly Lycaena helle follows this pattern of former widespread distribution and later restriction to mountain areas such as the European middle mountains. We sampled 203 individuals from 10 populations representing six mountain ranges (Pyrenees, Jura, Massif Central, Morvan, Vosges and Ardennes) over the species' western distribution. Allozyme and microsatellite polymorphisms were analysed to study the genetic status of these highly fragmented populations. Both molecular marker systems revealed a strong genetic differentiation among the analysed populations, coinciding with the orographic structure and highly restricted gene flow among them. The large‐scale genetic differentiation is more pronounced in allozymes (FCT: 0.326) than in microsatellites (RCT: 0.113), but microsatellites show a higher resolution on the regional scale (RSC: 0.082) compared with allozymes (FSC: n.s.). For both analytical tools, we found private alleles occurring exclusively in a single mountain area. The highly fragmented and isolated occurrence of populations is supported by the distribution pattern of potentially suitable climate suggested by species distribution models. Model projections under two climate warming scenarios predict a decline of climatically suitable areas, which will result in the extinction of most of the populations showing unique genetic characteristics.</p></abstract><textClass xml:lang="en"><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><head>keywords</head><item><term>allozymes</term></item><item><term>climate change</term></item><item><term>climate envelope</term></item><item><term>ecological niche modelling</term></item><item><term>fragmentation</term></item><item><term>Lycaenidae</term></item><item><term>microsatellites</term></item><item><term>mountain regions</term></item></list></keywords></textClass></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="2011-01">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/181F2E276174DBAE69CADD59A3C77937F885D143/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Wiley, elements deleted: body"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:document><component version="2.0" type="serialArticle" xml:lang="en"><header><publicationMeta level="product"><publisherInfo><publisherName>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisherName><publisherLoc>Oxford, UK</publisherLoc></publisherInfo><doi origin="wiley" registered="yes">10.1111/(ISSN)1365-2486</doi><issn type="print">1354-1013</issn><issn type="electronic">1365-2486</issn><idGroup><id type="product" value="GCB"></id><id type="publisherDivision" value="ST"></id></idGroup><titleGroup><title type="main" sort="GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY">Global Change Biology</title></titleGroup></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="part" position="01101"><doi origin="wiley">10.1111/gcb.2010.17.issue-1</doi><numberingGroup><numbering type="journalVolume" number="17">17</numbering><numbering type="journalIssue" number="1">1</numbering></numberingGroup><coverDate startDate="2011-01">January 2011</coverDate></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="unit" type="article" position="17" status="forIssue"><doi origin="wiley">10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02233.x</doi><idGroup><id type="unit" value="GCB2233"></id><id type="supplier" value="2233"></id></idGroup><countGroup><count type="pageTotal" number="12"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="tocHeading1">Original Articles</title></titleGroup><copyright>© 2010 Blackwell Publishing Ltd</copyright><eventGroup><event type="firstOnline" date="2010-12-01"></event><event type="publishedOnlineAcceptedOrEarlyUnpaginated" date="2010-04-14"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:BPG_TO_WML3G version:2.3.27 mode:FullText" date="2010-12-01"></event><event type="publishedOnlineFinalForm" date="2010-12-01"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WILEY_ML3G_TO_WILEY_ML3GV2 version:3.8.8" date="2014-01-25"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WML3G_To_WML3G version:4.1.7 mode:FullText,remove_FC" date="2014-10-24"></event></eventGroup><numberingGroup><numbering type="pageFirst" number="194">194</numbering><numbering type="pageLast" number="205">205</numbering></numberingGroup><correspondenceTo> J. C. Habel, Musée National d'Histoire Naturelle Luxembourg, 25, Rue Münster, L‐2160 Luxembourg, e‐mail: <email normalForm="Janchristinhabel@gmx.de">Janchristinhabel@gmx.de</email></correspondenceTo><linkGroup><link type="toTypesetVersion" href="file:GCB.GCB2233.pdf"></link></linkGroup></publicationMeta><contentMeta><unparsedEditorialHistory>Received 25 August 2009; revised version received 18 December 2009 and accepted 10 March 2010</unparsedEditorialHistory><countGroup><count type="figureTotal" number="5"></count><count type="tableTotal" number="3"></count><count type="formulaTotal" number="0"></count><count type="referenceTotal" number="112"></count><count type="wordTotal" number="10492"></count><count type="linksCrossRef" number="114"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="main">Global warming will affect the genetic diversity and uniqueness of <i>Lycaena helle</i> populations</title><title type="shortAuthors">J. C. HABEL <i>et al.</i></title><title type="short">GLOBAL WARMING AND GENETIC UNIQUENESS</title></titleGroup><creators><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr1" affiliationRef="#a1 #a2 #a3"><personName><givenNames>JAN CHRISTIAN</givenNames><familyName>HABEL</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr2" affiliationRef="#a3"><personName><givenNames>DENNIS</givenNames><familyName>RÖDDER</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr3" affiliationRef="#a3"><personName><givenNames>THOMAS</givenNames><familyName>SCHMITT</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr4" affiliationRef="#a4"><personName><givenNames>GABRIEL</givenNames><familyName>NÈVE</familyName></personName></creator></creators><affiliationGroup><affiliation xml:id="a1" countryCode="DE"><unparsedAffiliation>Institute of Ecology and Environmental Chemistry, Leuphana University Lüneburg, D‐21335 Lüneburg, Germany</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="a2" countryCode="LU"><unparsedAffiliation>Musée National d'Histoire Naturelle, Section Zoologie des Invertébrés, L‐2160 Luxembourg</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="a3" countryCode="DE"><unparsedAffiliation>Department of Biogeography, Trier University, D‐54296 Trier, Germany</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="a4" countryCode="FR"><unparsedAffiliation>Aix‐Marseille Université, CNRS IRD UMR 6116‐IMEP, F‐13331 Marseille Cedex 3, France</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation></affiliationGroup><keywordGroup xml:lang="en"><keyword xml:id="k1">allozymes</keyword><keyword xml:id="k2">climate change</keyword><keyword xml:id="k3">climate envelope</keyword><keyword xml:id="k4">ecological niche modelling</keyword><keyword xml:id="k5">fragmentation</keyword><keyword xml:id="k6">Lycaenidae</keyword><keyword xml:id="k7">microsatellites</keyword><keyword xml:id="k8">mountain regions</keyword></keywordGroup><supportingInformation><p><b>Figure S1.</b> Species records compiled in the course for this study and used for model building</p><p>Please note: Wiley‐Blackwell are not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting materials supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing material) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.</p><supportingInfoItem><mediaResource alt="supporting info item" href="urn-x:wiley:13541013:media:gcb2233:GCB_2233_sm_supplfig"></mediaResource><caption>Supporting info item</caption></supportingInfoItem></supportingInformation><abstractGroup><abstract type="main" xml:lang="en"><title type="main">Abstract</title><p>The climate warming of the postglacial has strongly reduced the distribution of cold‐adapted species over most of Central Europe. Such taxa have therefore become extinct over most of the lowlands and shifted to higher altitudes where they have survived to the present day. The lycaenid butterfly <i>Lycaena helle</i> follows this pattern of former widespread distribution and later restriction to mountain areas such as the European middle mountains. We sampled 203 individuals from 10 populations representing six mountain ranges (Pyrenees, Jura, Massif Central, Morvan, Vosges and Ardennes) over the species' western distribution. Allozyme and microsatellite polymorphisms were analysed to study the genetic status of these highly fragmented populations. Both molecular marker systems revealed a strong genetic differentiation among the analysed populations, coinciding with the orographic structure and highly restricted gene flow among them. The large‐scale genetic differentiation is more pronounced in allozymes (<i>F</i><sub>CT</sub>: 0.326) than in microsatellites (<i>R</i><sub>CT</sub>: 0.113), but microsatellites show a higher resolution on the regional scale (<i>R</i><sub>SC:</sub> 0.082) compared with allozymes (<i>F</i><sub>SC</sub>: n.s.). For both analytical tools, we found private alleles occurring exclusively in a single mountain area. The highly fragmented and isolated occurrence of populations is supported by the distribution pattern of potentially suitable climate suggested by species distribution models. Model projections under two climate warming scenarios predict a decline of climatically suitable areas, which will result in the extinction of most of the populations showing unique genetic characteristics.</p></abstract></abstractGroup></contentMeta></header></component></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Global warming will affect the genetic diversity and uniqueness of Lycaena helle populations</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated" lang="en"><title>GLOBAL WARMING AND GENETIC UNIQUENESS</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>Global warming will affect the genetic diversity and uniqueness of Lycaena helle populations</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">JAN CHRISTIAN</namePart><namePart type="family">HABEL</namePart><affiliation>Institute of Ecology and Environmental Chemistry, Leuphana University Lüneburg, D‐21335 Lüneburg, Germany</affiliation><affiliation>Musée National d'Histoire Naturelle, Section Zoologie des Invertébrés, L‐2160 Luxembourg</affiliation><affiliation>Department of Biogeography, Trier University, D‐54296 Trier, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">DENNIS</namePart><namePart type="family">RÖDDER</namePart><affiliation>Department of Biogeography, Trier University, D‐54296 Trier, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">THOMAS</namePart><namePart type="family">SCHMITT</namePart><affiliation>Department of Biogeography, Trier University, D‐54296 Trier, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">GABRIEL</namePart><namePart type="family">NÈVE</namePart><affiliation>Aix‐Marseille Université, CNRS IRD UMR 6116‐IMEP, F‐13331 Marseille Cedex 3, France</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="article" displayLabel="article"></genre><originInfo><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><place><placeTerm type="text">Oxford, UK</placeTerm></place><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2011-01</dateIssued><edition>Received 25 August 2009; revised version received 18 December 2009 and accepted 10 March 2010</edition><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2011</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType><extent unit="figures">5</extent><extent unit="tables">3</extent><extent unit="references">112</extent><extent unit="words">10492</extent></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">The climate warming of the postglacial has strongly reduced the distribution of cold‐adapted species over most of Central Europe. Such taxa have therefore become extinct over most of the lowlands and shifted to higher altitudes where they have survived to the present day. The lycaenid butterfly Lycaena helle follows this pattern of former widespread distribution and later restriction to mountain areas such as the European middle mountains. We sampled 203 individuals from 10 populations representing six mountain ranges (Pyrenees, Jura, Massif Central, Morvan, Vosges and Ardennes) over the species' western distribution. Allozyme and microsatellite polymorphisms were analysed to study the genetic status of these highly fragmented populations. Both molecular marker systems revealed a strong genetic differentiation among the analysed populations, coinciding with the orographic structure and highly restricted gene flow among them. The large‐scale genetic differentiation is more pronounced in allozymes (FCT: 0.326) than in microsatellites (RCT: 0.113), but microsatellites show a higher resolution on the regional scale (RSC: 0.082) compared with allozymes (FSC: n.s.). For both analytical tools, we found private alleles occurring exclusively in a single mountain area. The highly fragmented and isolated occurrence of populations is supported by the distribution pattern of potentially suitable climate suggested by species distribution models. Model projections under two climate warming scenarios predict a decline of climatically suitable areas, which will result in the extinction of most of the populations showing unique genetic characteristics.</abstract><subject lang="en"><genre>keywords</genre><topic>allozymes</topic><topic>climate change</topic><topic>climate envelope</topic><topic>ecological niche modelling</topic><topic>fragmentation</topic><topic>Lycaenidae</topic><topic>microsatellites</topic><topic>mountain regions</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Global Change Biology</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal">journal</genre><note type="content"> Figure S1. Species records compiled in the course for this study and used for model building Please note: Wiley‐Blackwell are not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting materials supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing material) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article. Figure S1. Species records compiled in the course for this study and used for model building Please note: Wiley‐Blackwell are not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting materials supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing material) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.Supporting Info Item: Supporting info item - </note><identifier type="ISSN">1354-1013</identifier><identifier type="eISSN">1365-2486</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1365-2486</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID">GCB</identifier><part><date>2011</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>17</number></detail><detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption><number>1</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>194</start><end>205</end><total>12</total></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">181F2E276174DBAE69CADD59A3C77937F885D143</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02233.x</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">GCB2233</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">© 2010 Blackwell Publishing Ltd</accessCondition><recordInfo><recordContentSource>WILEY</recordContentSource><recordOrigin>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</recordOrigin></recordInfo></mods></metadata><serie></serie></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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