Evidence for the Altruistic Personality from Data on Accident Research
Identifieur interne : 001837 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 001836; suivant : 001838Evidence for the Altruistic Personality from Data on Accident Research
Auteurs : Hans Werner Bierhoff ; Renate Klein ; Peter KrampSource :
- Journal of Personality [ 0022-3506 ] ; 1991-06.
Abstract
ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to test whether the concept of an altruistic personality was valid for first aiders who intervened to help the victims of a traffic accident. We derived a number of relevant personality variables that should be related to the willingness to administer first aid. These include locus of control, social responsibility, belief in a just world, empathy, and instrumentality. We obtained data from proven first aiders who had intervened after a traffic accident. Thirty‐four of these first aiders were matched to respondents from a subject pool on the basis of sex, age, and socioeconomic status. In addition, the willingness of these respondents to offer help after a traffic accident was taken into account. Only people who indicated that they had witnessed an accident and had not helped were included in the control group. Multivariate analyses of variance and covariance indicated that proven first aiders deviated from the control group on several dimensions: They described themselves as more internal, believed more in a just world, and emphasized more social responsibility and empathy.
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DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-6494.1991.tb00776.x
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<record><TEI wicri:istexFullTextTei="biblStruct"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Evidence for the Altruistic Personality from Data on Accident Research</title><author><name sortKey="Bierhoff, Hans Werner" sort="Bierhoff, Hans Werner" uniqKey="Bierhoff H" first="Hans Werner" last="Bierhoff">Hans Werner Bierhoff</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>University of Marburg, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>concerning this article should be addressed to Hans W. Bierhoff, Department of Psychology, University of Marburg, Gutenbergstr. 18, D‐3550 Marburg, Germany.</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Klein, Renate" sort="Klein, Renate" uniqKey="Klein R" first="Renate" last="Klein">Renate Klein</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>University of Marburg, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kramp, Peter" sort="Kramp, Peter" uniqKey="Kramp P" first="Peter" last="Kramp">Peter Kramp</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>University of Marburg, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno><idno type="RBID">ISTEX:ADDC1FB10FCEB115C06987319C4C9986AD83BE45</idno><date when="1991" year="1991">1991</date><idno type="doi">10.1111/j.1467-6494.1991.tb00776.x</idno><idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/document/ADDC1FB10FCEB115C06987319C4C9986AD83BE45/fulltext/pdf</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Corpus">001837</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Istex" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="ISTEX">001837</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Evidence for the Altruistic Personality from Data on Accident Research</title><author><name sortKey="Bierhoff, Hans Werner" sort="Bierhoff, Hans Werner" uniqKey="Bierhoff H" first="Hans Werner" last="Bierhoff">Hans Werner Bierhoff</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>University of Marburg, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>concerning this article should be addressed to Hans W. Bierhoff, Department of Psychology, University of Marburg, Gutenbergstr. 18, D‐3550 Marburg, Germany.</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Klein, Renate" sort="Klein, Renate" uniqKey="Klein R" first="Renate" last="Klein">Renate Klein</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>University of Marburg, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kramp, Peter" sort="Kramp, Peter" uniqKey="Kramp P" first="Peter" last="Kramp">Peter Kramp</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>University of Marburg, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Journal of Personality</title><idno type="ISSN">0022-3506</idno><idno type="eISSN">1467-6494</idno><imprint><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><pubPlace>Oxford, UK</pubPlace><date type="published" when="1991-06">1991-06</date><biblScope unit="volume">59</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">2</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="263">263</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="280">280</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0022-3506</idno></series><idno type="istex">ADDC1FB10FCEB115C06987319C4C9986AD83BE45</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1111/j.1467-6494.1991.tb00776.x</idno><idno type="ArticleID">JOPY263</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0022-3506</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract">ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to test whether the concept of an altruistic personality was valid for first aiders who intervened to help the victims of a traffic accident. We derived a number of relevant personality variables that should be related to the willingness to administer first aid. These include locus of control, social responsibility, belief in a just world, empathy, and instrumentality. We obtained data from proven first aiders who had intervened after a traffic accident. Thirty‐four of these first aiders were matched to respondents from a subject pool on the basis of sex, age, and socioeconomic status. In addition, the willingness of these respondents to offer help after a traffic accident was taken into account. Only people who indicated that they had witnessed an accident and had not helped were included in the control group. Multivariate analyses of variance and covariance indicated that proven first aiders deviated from the control group on several dimensions: They described themselves as more internal, believed more in a just world, and emphasized more social responsibility and empathy.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>wiley</corpusName><author><json:item><name>Hans Werner Bierhoff</name><affiliations><json:string>University of Marburg, Germany</json:string><json:string>concerning this article should be addressed to Hans W. Bierhoff, Department of Psychology, University of Marburg, Gutenbergstr. 18, D‐3550 Marburg, Germany.</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Renate Klein</name><affiliations><json:string>University of Marburg, Germany</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Peter Kramp</name><affiliations><json:string>University of Marburg, Germany</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><articleId><json:string>JOPY263</json:string></articleId><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to test whether the concept of an altruistic personality was valid for first aiders who intervened to help the victims of a traffic accident. We derived a number of relevant personality variables that should be related to the willingness to administer first aid. These include locus of control, social responsibility, belief in a just world, empathy, and instrumentality. We obtained data from proven first aiders who had intervened after a traffic accident. Thirty‐four of these first aiders were matched to respondents from a subject pool on the basis of sex, age, and socioeconomic status. In addition, the willingness of these respondents to offer help after a traffic accident was taken into account. Only people who indicated that they had witnessed an accident and had not helped were included in the control group. Multivariate analyses of variance and covariance indicated that proven first aiders deviated from the control group on several dimensions: They described themselves as more internal, believed more in a just world, and emphasized more social responsibility and empathy.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>7.624</score><pdfVersion>1.4</pdfVersion><pdfPageSize>418 x 646 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><abstractCharCount>1126</abstractCharCount><pdfWordCount>6391</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>39076</pdfCharCount><pdfPageCount>19</pdfPageCount><abstractWordCount>177</abstractWordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Evidence for the Altruistic Personality from Data on Accident Research</title><refBibs><json:item><author><json:item><name>D. Aderman</name></json:item><json:item><name>L. 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Clark</name></json:item></author><host><volume>56</volume><pages><last>734</last><first>722</first></pages><author></author><title>Journal of Personality and Social Psychology</title></host><title>Providing help and desired relationship type as determinants of changes in moods and self‐evaluations</title></json:item></refBibs><genre><json:string>article</json:string></genre><host><volume>59</volume><publisherId><json:string>JOPY</json:string></publisherId><pages><total>18</total><last>280</last><first>263</first></pages><issn><json:string>0022-3506</json:string></issn><issue>2</issue><genre><json:string>journal</json:string></genre><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><eissn><json:string>1467-6494</json:string></eissn><title>Journal of Personality</title><doi><json:string>10.1111/(ISSN)1467-6494</json:string></doi></host><categories><wos><json:string>social science</json:string><json:string>psychology, social</json:string></wos><scienceMetrix><json:string>health sciences</json:string><json:string>psychology & cognitive sciences</json:string><json:string>social psychology</json:string></scienceMetrix></categories><publicationDate>1991</publicationDate><copyrightDate>1991</copyrightDate><doi><json:string>10.1111/j.1467-6494.1991.tb00776.x</json:string></doi><id>ADDC1FB10FCEB115C06987319C4C9986AD83BE45</id><score>0.019569537</score><fulltext><json:item><extension>pdf</extension><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/ADDC1FB10FCEB115C06987319C4C9986AD83BE45/fulltext/pdf</uri></json:item><json:item><extension>zip</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>application/zip</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/ADDC1FB10FCEB115C06987319C4C9986AD83BE45/fulltext/zip</uri></json:item><istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/ADDC1FB10FCEB115C06987319C4C9986AD83BE45/fulltext/tei"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Evidence for the Altruistic Personality from Data on Accident Research</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><pubPlace>Oxford, UK</pubPlace><availability><p>WILEY</p></availability><date>1991</date></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="inbook"><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Evidence for the Altruistic Personality from Data on Accident Research</title><author xml:id="author-1"><persName><forename type="first">Hans Werner</forename><surname>Bierhoff</surname></persName><affiliation>University of Marburg, Germany</affiliation><affiliation>concerning this article should be addressed to Hans W. Bierhoff, Department of Psychology, University of Marburg, Gutenbergstr. 18, D‐3550 Marburg, Germany.</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-2"><persName><forename type="first">Renate</forename><surname>Klein</surname></persName><affiliation>University of Marburg, Germany</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-3"><persName><forename type="first">Peter</forename><surname>Kramp</surname></persName><affiliation>University of Marburg, Germany</affiliation></author></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Journal of Personality</title><idno type="pISSN">0022-3506</idno><idno type="eISSN">1467-6494</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1467-6494</idno><imprint><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><pubPlace>Oxford, UK</pubPlace><date type="published" when="1991-06"></date><biblScope unit="volume">59</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">2</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="263">263</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="280">280</biblScope></imprint></monogr><idno type="istex">ADDC1FB10FCEB115C06987319C4C9986AD83BE45</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1111/j.1467-6494.1991.tb00776.x</idno><idno type="ArticleID">JOPY263</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>1991</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract><p>ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to test whether the concept of an altruistic personality was valid for first aiders who intervened to help the victims of a traffic accident. We derived a number of relevant personality variables that should be related to the willingness to administer first aid. These include locus of control, social responsibility, belief in a just world, empathy, and instrumentality. We obtained data from proven first aiders who had intervened after a traffic accident. Thirty‐four of these first aiders were matched to respondents from a subject pool on the basis of sex, age, and socioeconomic status. In addition, the willingness of these respondents to offer help after a traffic accident was taken into account. Only people who indicated that they had witnessed an accident and had not helped were included in the control group. Multivariate analyses of variance and covariance indicated that proven first aiders deviated from the control group on several dimensions: They described themselves as more internal, believed more in a just world, and emphasized more social responsibility and empathy.</p></abstract></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="1991-06">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/ADDC1FB10FCEB115C06987319C4C9986AD83BE45/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Wiley, elements deleted: body"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:document><component version="2.0" type="serialArticle" xml:lang="en"><header><publicationMeta level="product"><publisherInfo><publisherName>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisherName><publisherLoc>Oxford, UK</publisherLoc></publisherInfo><doi origin="wiley" registered="yes">10.1111/(ISSN)1467-6494</doi><issn type="print">0022-3506</issn><issn type="electronic">1467-6494</issn><idGroup><id type="product" value="JOPY"></id><id type="publisherDivision" value="ST"></id></idGroup><titleGroup><title type="main" sort="JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY">Journal of Personality</title></titleGroup></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="part" position="06002"><doi origin="wiley">10.1111/jopy.1991.59.issue-2</doi><numberingGroup><numbering type="journalVolume" number="59">59</numbering><numbering type="journalIssue" number="2">2</numbering></numberingGroup><coverDate startDate="1991-06">June 1991</coverDate></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="unit" type="article" position="0026300" status="forIssue"><doi origin="wiley">10.1111/j.1467-6494.1991.tb00776.x</doi><idGroup><id type="unit" value="JOPY263"></id></idGroup><countGroup><count type="pageTotal" number="18"></count></countGroup><eventGroup><event type="firstOnline" date="2006-04-28"></event><event type="publishedOnlineFinalForm" date="2006-04-28"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:BPG_TO_WML3G version:2.3.2 mode:FullText source:HeaderRef result:HeaderRef" date="2010-03-10"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WILEY_ML3G_TO_WILEY_ML3GV2 version:3.8.8" date="2014-01-31"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WML3G_To_WML3G version:4.1.7 mode:FullText,remove_FC" date="2014-10-30"></event></eventGroup><numberingGroup><numbering type="pageFirst" number="263">263</numbering><numbering type="pageLast" number="280">280</numbering></numberingGroup><correspondenceTo>concerning this article should be addressed to Hans W. Bierhoff, Department of Psychology, University of Marburg, Gutenbergstr. 18, D‐3550 Marburg, Germany.</correspondenceTo><linkGroup><link type="toTypesetVersion" href="file:JOPY.JOPY263.pdf"></link></linkGroup></publicationMeta><contentMeta><unparsedEditorialHistory>Manuscript received November 27, 1989; revised July 13, 1990.</unparsedEditorialHistory><countGroup><count type="referenceTotal" number="49"></count><count type="linksCrossRef" number="4"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="main">Evidence for the Altruistic Personality from Data on Accident Research</title></titleGroup><creators><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr1" affiliationRef="#a1" corresponding="yes"><personName><givenNames>Hans Werner</givenNames><familyName>Bierhoff</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr2" affiliationRef="#a1"><personName><givenNames>Renate</givenNames><familyName>Klein</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr3" affiliationRef="#a1"><personName><givenNames>Peter</givenNames><familyName>Kramp</familyName></personName></creator></creators><affiliationGroup><affiliation xml:id="a1" countryCode="DE"><unparsedAffiliation>University of Marburg, Germany</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation></affiliationGroup><abstractGroup><abstract type="main" xml:lang="en"><p><b>ABSTRACT </b> The aim of this study was to test whether the concept of an altruistic personality was valid for first aiders who intervened to help the victims of a traffic accident. We derived a number of relevant personality variables that should be related to the willingness to administer first aid. These include locus of control, social responsibility, belief in a just world, empathy, and instrumentality. We obtained data from proven first aiders who had intervened after a traffic accident. Thirty‐four of these first aiders were matched to respondents from a subject pool on the basis of sex, age, and socioeconomic status. In addition, the willingness of these respondents to offer help after a traffic accident was taken into account. Only people who indicated that they had witnessed an accident and had not helped were included in the control group. Multivariate analyses of variance and covariance indicated that proven first aiders deviated from the control group on several dimensions: They described themselves as more internal, believed more in a just world, and emphasized more social responsibility and empathy.</p></abstract></abstractGroup></contentMeta><noteGroup><note xml:id="n-fnt-1" numbered="no"><p>This research was supported by Grant FP 8528/3 from the Federal Agency of Traffic to Hans W. Bierhoff. We are grateful to Nicola Preese for help with translation of the manuscript and to Robert Kühner for his offer to cooperate with the Medical University of Hanover. We would like to thank Dietmar Otte for supervising the data collection as director of the accident research project “Research at the Scene of an Accident” carried out at the Medical University of Hanover. Thanks also to Horst Wagner for supervising the data collection as director of the national training center of St. John's Ambulance Brigade in Butzbach and to Brigitte Berg and Angela Ludwig for assisting with data collection. We also thank Jim T. Tedeschi and two anonymous reviewers for their comments on an earlier version of this article.</p></note></noteGroup></header></component></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Evidence for the Altruistic Personality from Data on Accident Research</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>Evidence for the Altruistic Personality from Data on Accident Research</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Hans Werner</namePart><namePart type="family">Bierhoff</namePart><affiliation>University of Marburg, Germany</affiliation><affiliation>concerning this article should be addressed to Hans W. 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We derived a number of relevant personality variables that should be related to the willingness to administer first aid. These include locus of control, social responsibility, belief in a just world, empathy, and instrumentality. We obtained data from proven first aiders who had intervened after a traffic accident. Thirty‐four of these first aiders were matched to respondents from a subject pool on the basis of sex, age, and socioeconomic status. In addition, the willingness of these respondents to offer help after a traffic accident was taken into account. Only people who indicated that they had witnessed an accident and had not helped were included in the control group. 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