Impact of instantaneous sea ice removal in a coupled general circulation model
Identifieur interne : 000E94 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 000E93; suivant : 000E95Impact of instantaneous sea ice removal in a coupled general circulation model
Auteurs : D. Schröder ; W. M. ConnolleySource :
- Geophysical Research Letters [ 0094-8276 ] ; 2007-07.
Abstract
The impact of extreme sea ice initial conditions on modelled climate is analysed for a fully coupled atmosphere ocean sea ice general circulation model, the Hadley Centre climate model HadCM3. A control run is chosen as reference experiment with greenhouse gas concentration fixed at pre‐industrial conditions. Sensitivity experiments show an almost complete recovery from total removal or strong increase of sea ice after four years. Thus, uncertainties in initial sea ice conditions seem to be unimportant for climate modelling on decadal or longer time scales. When the initial conditions of the ocean mixed layer were adjusted to ice‐free conditions, a few substantial differences remained for more than 15 model years. But these differences are clearly smaller than the uncertainty of the HadCM3 run and all the other 19 IPCC fourth assessment report climate model pre‐industrial runs. It is an important task to improve climate models in simulating the past sea ice variability to enable them to make reliable projections for the 21st century.
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DOI: 10.1029/2007GL030253
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Schröder</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, Cambridge, UK</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Now at University of Trier, Department of Environmental Meteorology, Faculty of Geoscience, Trier, Germany.</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Connolley, W M" sort="Connolley, W M" uniqKey="Connolley W" first="W. M." last="Connolley">W. M. Connolley</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, Cambridge, UK</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: wmc@bas.ac.uk</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Geophysical Research Letters</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">Geophys. Res. 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A control run is chosen as reference experiment with greenhouse gas concentration fixed at pre‐industrial conditions. Sensitivity experiments show an almost complete recovery from total removal or strong increase of sea ice after four years. Thus, uncertainties in initial sea ice conditions seem to be unimportant for climate modelling on decadal or longer time scales. When the initial conditions of the ocean mixed layer were adjusted to ice‐free conditions, a few substantial differences remained for more than 15 model years. But these differences are clearly smaller than the uncertainty of the HadCM3 run and all the other 19 IPCC fourth assessment report climate model pre‐industrial runs. It is an important task to improve climate models in simulating the past sea ice variability to enable them to make reliable projections for the 21st century.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>wiley</corpusName><author><json:item><name>D. 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A control run is chosen as reference experiment with greenhouse gas concentration fixed at pre‐industrial conditions. Sensitivity experiments show an almost complete recovery from total removal or strong increase of sea ice after four years. Thus, uncertainties in initial sea ice conditions seem to be unimportant for climate modelling on decadal or longer time scales. When the initial conditions of the ocean mixed layer were adjusted to ice‐free conditions, a few substantial differences remained for more than 15 model years. But these differences are clearly smaller than the uncertainty of the HadCM3 run and all the other 19 IPCC fourth assessment report climate model pre‐industrial runs. It is an important task to improve climate models in simulating the past sea ice variability to enable them to make reliable projections for the 21st century.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>5.482</score><pdfVersion>1.4</pdfVersion><pdfPageSize>612 x 792 pts (letter)</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><abstractCharCount>1049</abstractCharCount><pdfWordCount>3026</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>16761</pdfCharCount><pdfPageCount>5</pdfPageCount><abstractWordCount>163</abstractWordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Impact of instantaneous sea ice removal in a coupled general circulation model</title><refBibs><json:item><author><json:item><name>O. Arzel</name></json:item><json:item><name>T. Fichefet</name></json:item><json:item><name>H. 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Clim.</title></host><title>Toward a seasonally ice‐covered Arctic Ocean: Scenarios from the IPCC AR4 model simulations</title></json:item></refBibs><genre><json:string>article</json:string></genre><host><volume>34</volume><publisherId><json:string>GRL</json:string></publisherId><pages><total>5</total><last>n/a</last><first>n/a</first></pages><issn><json:string>0094-8276</json:string></issn><issue>14</issue><subject><json:item><value>BIOGEOSCIENCES</value></json:item><json:item><value>Climate dynamics</value></json:item><json:item><value>COMPUTATIONAL GEOPHYSICS</value></json:item><json:item><value>Modeling</value></json:item><json:item><value>CRYOSPHERE</value></json:item><json:item><value>Sea ice</value></json:item><json:item><value>GLOBAL CHANGE</value></json:item><json:item><value>Climate variability</value></json:item><json:item><value>Climate dynamics</value></json:item><json:item><value>Oceans</value></json:item><json:item><value>Oceans</value></json:item><json:item><value>Climate variability</value></json:item><json:item><value>INFORMATICS</value></json:item><json:item><value>Modeling</value></json:item><json:item><value>ATMOSPHERIC PROCESSES</value></json:item><json:item><value>Climate change and variability</value></json:item><json:item><value>Climatology</value></json:item><json:item><value>Climatology</value></json:item><json:item><value>Climate change and variability</value></json:item><json:item><value>OCEANOGRAPHY: GENERAL</value></json:item><json:item><value>Numerical modeling</value></json:item><json:item><value>Climate and interannual variability</value></json:item><json:item><value>Climate and interannual variability</value></json:item><json:item><value>NATURAL HAZARDS</value></json:item><json:item><value>Physical modeling</value></json:item><json:item><value>OCEANOGRAPHY: PHYSICAL</value></json:item><json:item><value>Ice mechanics and air/sea/ice exchange processes</value></json:item><json:item><value>Decadal ocean variability</value></json:item><json:item><value>Decadal ocean variability</value></json:item><json:item><value>The Cryosphere</value></json:item></subject><genre><json:string>journal</json:string></genre><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><eissn><json:string>1944-8007</json:string></eissn><title>Geophysical Research Letters</title><doi><json:string>10.1002/(ISSN)1944-8007</json:string></doi></host><categories><wos><json:string>science</json:string><json:string>geosciences, multidisciplinary</json:string></wos><scienceMetrix><json:string>natural sciences</json:string><json:string>earth & environmental sciences</json:string><json:string>meteorology & atmospheric sciences</json:string></scienceMetrix></categories><publicationDate>2007</publicationDate><copyrightDate>2007</copyrightDate><doi><json:string>10.1029/2007GL030253</json:string></doi><id>4A508849C1919F70B9888BF22B455F17A94E743D</id><score>0.9751227</score><fulltext><json:item><extension>pdf</extension><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/4A508849C1919F70B9888BF22B455F17A94E743D/fulltext/pdf</uri></json:item><json:item><extension>zip</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>application/zip</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/4A508849C1919F70B9888BF22B455F17A94E743D/fulltext/zip</uri></json:item><istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/4A508849C1919F70B9888BF22B455F17A94E743D/fulltext/tei"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Impact of instantaneous sea ice removal in a coupled general circulation model</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><availability><p>Copyright 2007 by the American Geophysical Union.</p></availability><date>2007</date></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="inbook"><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Impact of instantaneous sea ice removal in a coupled general circulation model</title><author xml:id="author-1"><persName><forename type="first">D.</forename><surname>Schröder</surname></persName><affiliation>British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, Cambridge, UK</affiliation><affiliation>Now at University of Trier, Department of Environmental Meteorology, Faculty of Geoscience, Trier, Germany.</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-2"><persName><forename type="first">W. 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Lett.</title><idno type="pISSN">0094-8276</idno><idno type="eISSN">1944-8007</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1002/(ISSN)1944-8007</idno><imprint><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><date type="published" when="2007-07"></date><biblScope unit="volume">34</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">14</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="/">n/a</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="/">n/a</biblScope></imprint></monogr><idno type="istex">4A508849C1919F70B9888BF22B455F17A94E743D</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1029/2007GL030253</idno><idno type="ArticleID">2007GL030253</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>2007</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract><p>The impact of extreme sea ice initial conditions on modelled climate is analysed for a fully coupled atmosphere ocean sea ice general circulation model, the Hadley Centre climate model HadCM3. A control run is chosen as reference experiment with greenhouse gas concentration fixed at pre‐industrial conditions. Sensitivity experiments show an almost complete recovery from total removal or strong increase of sea ice after four years. Thus, uncertainties in initial sea ice conditions seem to be unimportant for climate modelling on decadal or longer time scales. When the initial conditions of the ocean mixed layer were adjusted to ice‐free conditions, a few substantial differences remained for more than 15 model years. But these differences are clearly smaller than the uncertainty of the HadCM3 run and all the other 19 IPCC fourth assessment report climate model pre‐industrial runs. It is an important task to improve climate models in simulating the past sea ice variability to enable them to make reliable projections for the 21st century.</p></abstract><textClass><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><head>keywords</head><item><term>sea ice</term></item><item><term>climate model</term></item><item><term>Antarctica</term></item></list></keywords></textClass><textClass><keywords scheme="Journal Subject"><list><head>index-terms</head><item><term>BIOGEOSCIENCES</term></item><item><term>Climate dynamics</term></item><item><term>COMPUTATIONAL GEOPHYSICS</term></item><item><term>Modeling</term></item><item><term>CRYOSPHERE</term></item><item><term>Sea ice</term></item><item><term>GLOBAL CHANGE</term></item><item><term>Climate variability</term></item><item><term>Climate dynamics</term></item><item><term>Oceans</term></item><item><term>Oceans</term></item><item><term>Climate variability</term></item><item><term>INFORMATICS</term></item><item><term>Modeling</term></item><item><term>ATMOSPHERIC PROCESSES</term></item><item><term>Climate change and variability</term></item><item><term>Climatology</term></item><item><term>Climatology</term></item><item><term>Climate change and variability</term></item><item><term>OCEANOGRAPHY: GENERAL</term></item><item><term>Numerical modeling</term></item><item><term>Climate and interannual variability</term></item><item><term>Climate and interannual variability</term></item><item><term>NATURAL HAZARDS</term></item><item><term>Physical modeling</term></item><item><term>OCEANOGRAPHY: PHYSICAL</term></item><item><term>Ice mechanics and air/sea/ice exchange processes</term></item><item><term>Decadal ocean variability</term></item><item><term>Decadal ocean variability</term></item></list></keywords></textClass><textClass><keywords scheme="Journal Subject"><list><head>article-category</head><item><term>The Cryosphere</term></item></list></keywords></textClass></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="2007-04-03">Received</change><change when="2007-06-07">Registration</change><change when="2007-07">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/4A508849C1919F70B9888BF22B455F17A94E743D/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Wiley, elements deleted: body"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:document><component type="serialArticle" version="2.0" xml:lang="en" xml:id="grl23274"><header><publicationMeta level="product"><doi>10.1002/(ISSN)1944-8007</doi><issn type="print">0094-8276</issn><issn type="electronic">1944-8007</issn><idGroup><id type="product" value="GRL"></id><id type="coden" value="GPRLAJ"></id></idGroup><titleGroup><title type="main" xml:lang="en" sort="GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS">Geophysical Research Letters</title><title type="short">Geophys. 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Lett.</title></titleGroup></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="part" position="140"><doi>10.1002/grl.v34.14</doi><numberingGroup><numbering type="journalVolume" number="34">34</numbering><numbering type="journalIssue">14</numbering></numberingGroup><coverDate startDate="2007-07">July 2007</coverDate></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="unit" position="760" type="article" status="forIssue"><doi>10.1029/2007GL030253</doi><idGroup><id type="editorialOffice" value="2007GL030253"></id><id type="society" value="L14502"></id><id type="unit" value="GRL23274"></id></idGroup><countGroup><count type="pageTotal" number="5"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="articleCategory">The Cryosphere</title><title type="tocHeading1">The Cryosphere</title></titleGroup><copyright ownership="thirdParty">Copyright 2007 by the American Geophysical Union.</copyright><eventGroup><event type="manuscriptReceived" date="2007-04-03"></event><event type="manuscriptRevised" date="2007-05-09"></event><event type="manuscriptAccepted" date="2007-06-07"></event><event type="firstOnline" date="2007-07-19"></event><event type="publishedOnlineFinalForm" date="2007-07-19"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="SPi Global Converter:AGUv3.44_TO_WileyML3Gv1.0.3 version:1.3; WileyML 3G Packaging Tool v1.0; AGU2WileyML3G Final Clean Up v1.0" date="2012-12-17"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WILEY_ML3G_TO_WILEY_ML3GV2 version:3.8.8" date="2014-01-26"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WML3G_To_WML3G version:4.1.7 mode:FullText,remove_FC" date="2014-10-24"></event></eventGroup><numberingGroup><numbering type="pageFirst">n/a</numbering><numbering type="pageLast">n/a</numbering></numberingGroup><subjectInfo><subject role="crossTerm" href="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/0400">BIOGEOSCIENCES</subject><subjectInfo><subject role="crossTerm" href="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/0429">Climate dynamics</subject></subjectInfo><subject href="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/0500">COMPUTATIONAL GEOPHYSICS</subject><subjectInfo><subject href="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/0545">Modeling</subject></subjectInfo><subject href="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/0700">CRYOSPHERE</subject><subjectInfo><subject href="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/0750">Sea ice</subject></subjectInfo><subject href="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/1600">GLOBAL CHANGE</subject><subjectInfo><subject href="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/1616">Climate variability</subject><subject href="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/1620">Climate dynamics</subject><subject href="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/1635">Oceans</subject><subject role="crossTerm" href="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/1635">Oceans</subject><subject role="crossTerm" href="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/1616">Climate variability</subject></subjectInfo><subject role="crossTerm" href="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/1900">INFORMATICS</subject><subjectInfo><subject role="crossTerm" href="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/1952">Modeling</subject></subjectInfo><subject role="crossTerm" href="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/3300">ATMOSPHERIC PROCESSES</subject><subjectInfo><subject role="crossTerm" href="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/3305">Climate change and variability</subject><subject role="crossTerm" href="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/3309">Climatology</subject><subject role="crossTerm" href="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/3309">Climatology</subject><subject role="crossTerm" href="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/3305">Climate change and variability</subject></subjectInfo><subject role="crossTerm" href="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/4200">OCEANOGRAPHY: GENERAL</subject><subjectInfo><subject role="crossTerm" href="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/4255">Numerical modeling</subject><subject role="crossTerm" href="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/4215">Climate and interannual variability</subject><subject role="crossTerm" href="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/4215">Climate and interannual variability</subject></subjectInfo><subject role="crossTerm" href="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/4300">NATURAL HAZARDS</subject><subjectInfo><subject role="crossTerm" href="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/4316">Physical modeling</subject></subjectInfo><subject role="crossTerm" href="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/4500">OCEANOGRAPHY: PHYSICAL</subject><subjectInfo><subject role="crossTerm" href="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/4540">Ice mechanics and air/sea/ice exchange processes</subject><subject role="crossTerm" href="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/4513">Decadal ocean variability</subject><subject role="crossTerm" href="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/4513">Decadal ocean variability</subject></subjectInfo></subjectInfo><selfCitationGroup><citation xml:id="grl23274-cit-0000" type="self"><author><familyName>Schröder</familyName>, <givenNames>D.</givenNames></author>, and <author><givenNames>W. M.</givenNames> <familyName>Connolley</familyName></author> (<pubYear year="2007">2007</pubYear>), <articleTitle>Impact of instantaneous sea ice removal in a coupled general circulation model</articleTitle>, <journalTitle>Geophys. Res. Lett.</journalTitle>, <vol>34</vol>, L14502, doi:<accessionId ref="info:doi/10.1029/2007GL030253">10.1029/2007GL030253</accessionId>.</citation></selfCitationGroup><linkGroup><link type="toTypesetVersion" href="file:GRL.GRL23274.pdf"></link></linkGroup></publicationMeta><contentMeta><countGroup><count type="figureTotal" number="2"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="main">Impact of instantaneous sea ice removal in a coupled general circulation model</title><title type="short">IMPACT OF SEA ICE REMOVAL</title><title type="shortAuthors">Schröder and Connolley</title></titleGroup><creators><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="grl23274-cr-0001" affiliationRef="#grl23274-aff-0001 #grl23274-aff-0002"><personName><givenNames>D.</givenNames> <familyName>Schröder</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="grl23274-cr-0002" affiliationRef="#grl23274-aff-0001"><personName><givenNames>W. M.</givenNames> <familyName>Connolley</familyName></personName><contactDetails><email normalForm="wmc@bas.ac.uk">wmc@bas.ac.uk</email></contactDetails></creator></creators><affiliationGroup><affiliation countryCode="GB" type="organization" xml:id="grl23274-aff-0001"><orgDiv>British Antarctic Survey</orgDiv><orgName>Natural Environment Research Council</orgName><address><city>Cambridge</city><country>UK</country></address></affiliation><affiliation type="organization" xml:id="grl23274-aff-0002"><unparsedAffiliation>Now at University of Trier, Department of Environmental Meteorology, Faculty of Geoscience, Trier, Germany.</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation></affiliationGroup><keywordGroup type="author"><keyword xml:id="grl23274-kwd-0001">sea ice</keyword><keyword xml:id="grl23274-kwd-0002">climate model</keyword><keyword xml:id="grl23274-kwd-0003">Antarctica</keyword></keywordGroup><abstractGroup><abstract type="main"><p xml:id="grl23274-para-0001" label="1">The impact of extreme sea ice initial conditions on modelled climate is analysed for a fully coupled atmosphere ocean sea ice general circulation model, the Hadley Centre climate model HadCM3. A control run is chosen as reference experiment with greenhouse gas concentration fixed at pre‐industrial conditions. Sensitivity experiments show an almost complete recovery from total removal or strong increase of sea ice after four years. Thus, uncertainties in initial sea ice conditions seem to be unimportant for climate modelling on decadal or longer time scales. When the initial conditions of the ocean mixed layer were adjusted to ice‐free conditions, a few substantial differences remained for more than 15 model years. But these differences are clearly smaller than the uncertainty of the HadCM3 run and all the other 19 IPCC fourth assessment report climate model pre‐industrial runs. It is an important task to improve climate models in simulating the past sea ice variability to enable them to make reliable projections for the 21st century.</p></abstract></abstractGroup></contentMeta></header></component></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Impact of instantaneous sea ice removal in a coupled general circulation model</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated" lang="en"><title>IMPACT OF SEA ICE REMOVAL</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>Impact of instantaneous sea ice removal in a coupled general circulation model</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">D.</namePart><namePart type="family">Schröder</namePart><affiliation>British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, Cambridge, UK</affiliation><affiliation>Now at University of Trier, Department of Environmental Meteorology, Faculty of Geoscience, Trier, Germany.</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">W. M.</namePart><namePart type="family">Connolley</namePart><affiliation>British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, Cambridge, UK</affiliation><affiliation>E-mail: wmc@bas.ac.uk</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="article" displayLabel="article"></genre><originInfo><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2007-07</dateIssued><dateCaptured encoding="w3cdtf">2007-04-03</dateCaptured><dateValid encoding="w3cdtf">2007-06-07</dateValid><edition>Schröder, D., and W. M. Connolley (2007), Impact of instantaneous sea ice removal in a coupled general circulation model, Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L14502, doi:10.1029/2007GL030253.</edition><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2007</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType><extent unit="figures">2</extent></physicalDescription><abstract>The impact of extreme sea ice initial conditions on modelled climate is analysed for a fully coupled atmosphere ocean sea ice general circulation model, the Hadley Centre climate model HadCM3. A control run is chosen as reference experiment with greenhouse gas concentration fixed at pre‐industrial conditions. Sensitivity experiments show an almost complete recovery from total removal or strong increase of sea ice after four years. Thus, uncertainties in initial sea ice conditions seem to be unimportant for climate modelling on decadal or longer time scales. When the initial conditions of the ocean mixed layer were adjusted to ice‐free conditions, a few substantial differences remained for more than 15 model years. But these differences are clearly smaller than the uncertainty of the HadCM3 run and all the other 19 IPCC fourth assessment report climate model pre‐industrial runs. It is an important task to improve climate models in simulating the past sea ice variability to enable them to make reliable projections for the 21st century.</abstract><subject><genre>keywords</genre><topic>sea ice</topic><topic>climate model</topic><topic>Antarctica</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Geophysical Research Letters</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>Geophys. Res. Lett.</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal">journal</genre><subject><genre>index-terms</genre><topic authorityURI="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/0400">BIOGEOSCIENCES</topic><topic authorityURI="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/0429">Climate dynamics</topic><topic authorityURI="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/0500">COMPUTATIONAL GEOPHYSICS</topic><topic authorityURI="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/0545">Modeling</topic><topic authorityURI="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/0700">CRYOSPHERE</topic><topic authorityURI="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/0750">Sea ice</topic><topic authorityURI="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/1600">GLOBAL CHANGE</topic><topic authorityURI="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/1616">Climate variability</topic><topic authorityURI="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/1620">Climate dynamics</topic><topic authorityURI="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/1635">Oceans</topic><topic authorityURI="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/1635">Oceans</topic><topic authorityURI="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/1616">Climate variability</topic><topic authorityURI="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/1900">INFORMATICS</topic><topic authorityURI="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/1952">Modeling</topic><topic authorityURI="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/3300">ATMOSPHERIC PROCESSES</topic><topic authorityURI="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/3305">Climate change and variability</topic><topic authorityURI="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/3309">Climatology</topic><topic authorityURI="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/3309">Climatology</topic><topic authorityURI="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/3305">Climate change and variability</topic><topic authorityURI="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/4200">OCEANOGRAPHY: GENERAL</topic><topic authorityURI="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/4255">Numerical modeling</topic><topic authorityURI="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/4215">Climate and interannual variability</topic><topic authorityURI="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/4215">Climate and interannual variability</topic><topic authorityURI="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/4300">NATURAL HAZARDS</topic><topic authorityURI="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/4316">Physical modeling</topic><topic authorityURI="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/4500">OCEANOGRAPHY: PHYSICAL</topic><topic authorityURI="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/4540">Ice mechanics and air/sea/ice exchange processes</topic><topic authorityURI="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/4513">Decadal ocean variability</topic><topic authorityURI="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/4513">Decadal ocean variability</topic></subject><subject><genre>article-category</genre><topic>The Cryosphere</topic></subject><identifier type="ISSN">0094-8276</identifier><identifier type="eISSN">1944-8007</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1002/(ISSN)1944-8007</identifier><identifier type="CODEN">GPRLAJ</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID">GRL</identifier><part><date>2007</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>34</number></detail><detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption><number>14</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>n/a</start><end>n/a</end><total>5</total></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">4A508849C1919F70B9888BF22B455F17A94E743D</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1029/2007GL030253</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">2007GL030253</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">Copyright 2007 by the American Geophysical Union.</accessCondition><recordInfo><recordContentSource>WILEY</recordContentSource></recordInfo></mods></metadata><serie></serie></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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