Testosterone and cognition in elderly men: a single testosterone injection blocks the practice effect in verbal fluency, but has no effect on spatial or verbal memory
Identifieur interne : 000D94 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 000D93; suivant : 000D95Testosterone and cognition in elderly men: a single testosterone injection blocks the practice effect in verbal fluency, but has no effect on spatial or verbal memory
Auteurs : Oliver T. Wolf ; Ragnar Preut ; Dirk H. Hellhammer ; Brigitte M. Kudielka ; Thomas H. Schürmeyer ; Clemens KirschbaumSource :
- Biological Psychiatry [ 0006-3223 ] ; 2000.
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Abstract
Background: The relevance of the age-associated decline in testosterone for cognition in elderly men is still poorly understood. One hypothesis is that testosterone enhances spatial abilities, while it might impair verbal skills.Methods: Thirty elderly men received a single testosterone (250 mg testosterone enanthate) or placebo injection. Cognitive performance was tested before and 5 days after treatment using spatial as well as verbal tests.Results: Five days after injection, testosterone and estradiol levels were still in the supraphysiologic range. In the verbal fluency task, the placebo group, but not the testosterone group, showed a practice effect. Therefore, the testosterone group performed significantly worse than the placebo group after treatment. No effects of testosterone were observed in the other verbal and spatial tasks.Conclusions: The present finding, that testosterone blocks the practice effect in verbal fluency, partly supports the general idea that sex steroids modulate performance in tests with known gender differences. Moreover it demonstrates that these effects can occur rapidly. However, beneficial effects on spatial cognition or memory might need more time to develop and/or might only occur when a less pronounced testosterone increase is induced.
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DOI: 10.1016/S0006-3223(99)00145-6
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Wolf</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Center for Psychobiological and Psychosomatic Research, University of Trier, Trier, Germany (OTW, RP, DHH, BMK, THS, CK)</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Preut, Ragnar" sort="Preut, Ragnar" uniqKey="Preut R" first="Ragnar" last="Preut">Ragnar Preut</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Center for Psychobiological and Psychosomatic Research, University of Trier, Trier, Germany (OTW, RP, DHH, BMK, THS, CK)</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hellhammer, Dirk H" sort="Hellhammer, Dirk H" uniqKey="Hellhammer D" first="Dirk H" last="Hellhammer">Dirk H. Hellhammer</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Center for Psychobiological and Psychosomatic Research, University of Trier, Trier, Germany (OTW, RP, DHH, BMK, THS, CK)</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kudielka, Brigitte M" sort="Kudielka, Brigitte M" uniqKey="Kudielka B" first="Brigitte M" last="Kudielka">Brigitte M. Kudielka</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Center for Psychobiological and Psychosomatic Research, University of Trier, Trier, Germany (OTW, RP, DHH, BMK, THS, CK)</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schurmeyer, Thomas H" sort="Schurmeyer, Thomas H" uniqKey="Schurmeyer T" first="Thomas H" last="Schürmeyer">Thomas H. Schürmeyer</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Center for Psychobiological and Psychosomatic Research, University of Trier, Trier, Germany (OTW, RP, DHH, BMK, THS, CK)</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kirschbaum, Clemens" sort="Kirschbaum, Clemens" uniqKey="Kirschbaum C" first="Clemens" last="Kirschbaum">Clemens Kirschbaum</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Center for Psychobiological and Psychosomatic Research, University of Trier, Trier, Germany (OTW, RP, DHH, BMK, THS, CK)</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno><idno type="RBID">ISTEX:CC94A2F790B73F1CD7270FFE89EE04B4F2B0D984</idno><date when="2000" year="2000">2000</date><idno type="doi">10.1016/S0006-3223(99)00145-6</idno><idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/document/CC94A2F790B73F1CD7270FFE89EE04B4F2B0D984/fulltext/pdf</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Corpus">000D94</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Istex" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="ISTEX">000D94</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Testosterone and cognition in elderly men: a single testosterone injection blocks the practice effect in verbal fluency, but has no effect on spatial or verbal memory</title><author><name sortKey="Wolf, Oliver T" sort="Wolf, Oliver T" uniqKey="Wolf O" first="Oliver T" last="Wolf">Oliver T. Wolf</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Center for Psychobiological and Psychosomatic Research, University of Trier, Trier, Germany (OTW, RP, DHH, BMK, THS, CK)</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Preut, Ragnar" sort="Preut, Ragnar" uniqKey="Preut R" first="Ragnar" last="Preut">Ragnar Preut</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Center for Psychobiological and Psychosomatic Research, University of Trier, Trier, Germany (OTW, RP, DHH, BMK, THS, CK)</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hellhammer, Dirk H" sort="Hellhammer, Dirk H" uniqKey="Hellhammer D" first="Dirk H" last="Hellhammer">Dirk H. Hellhammer</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Center for Psychobiological and Psychosomatic Research, University of Trier, Trier, Germany (OTW, RP, DHH, BMK, THS, CK)</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kudielka, Brigitte M" sort="Kudielka, Brigitte M" uniqKey="Kudielka B" first="Brigitte M" last="Kudielka">Brigitte M. Kudielka</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Center for Psychobiological and Psychosomatic Research, University of Trier, Trier, Germany (OTW, RP, DHH, BMK, THS, CK)</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schurmeyer, Thomas H" sort="Schurmeyer, Thomas H" uniqKey="Schurmeyer T" first="Thomas H" last="Schürmeyer">Thomas H. Schürmeyer</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Center for Psychobiological and Psychosomatic Research, University of Trier, Trier, Germany (OTW, RP, DHH, BMK, THS, CK)</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kirschbaum, Clemens" sort="Kirschbaum, Clemens" uniqKey="Kirschbaum C" first="Clemens" last="Kirschbaum">Clemens Kirschbaum</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Center for Psychobiological and Psychosomatic Research, University of Trier, Trier, Germany (OTW, RP, DHH, BMK, THS, CK)</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Biological Psychiatry</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">BPS</title><idno type="ISSN">0006-3223</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="2000">2000</date><biblScope unit="volume">47</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">7</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="650">650</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="654">654</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0006-3223</idno></series><idno type="istex">CC94A2F790B73F1CD7270FFE89EE04B4F2B0D984</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1016/S0006-3223(99)00145-6</idno><idno type="PII">S0006-3223(99)00145-6</idno><idno type="ArticleID">5917</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0006-3223</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Aging</term><term>cognition</term><term>gender differences</term><term>humans</term><term>replacement</term><term>sex steroids</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Background: The relevance of the age-associated decline in testosterone for cognition in elderly men is still poorly understood. One hypothesis is that testosterone enhances spatial abilities, while it might impair verbal skills.Methods: Thirty elderly men received a single testosterone (250 mg testosterone enanthate) or placebo injection. Cognitive performance was tested before and 5 days after treatment using spatial as well as verbal tests.Results: Five days after injection, testosterone and estradiol levels were still in the supraphysiologic range. In the verbal fluency task, the placebo group, but not the testosterone group, showed a practice effect. Therefore, the testosterone group performed significantly worse than the placebo group after treatment. No effects of testosterone were observed in the other verbal and spatial tasks.Conclusions: The present finding, that testosterone blocks the practice effect in verbal fluency, partly supports the general idea that sex steroids modulate performance in tests with known gender differences. Moreover it demonstrates that these effects can occur rapidly. However, beneficial effects on spatial cognition or memory might need more time to develop and/or might only occur when a less pronounced testosterone increase is induced.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>elsevier</corpusName><author><json:item><name>Oliver T Wolf</name><affiliations><json:string>Center for Psychobiological and Psychosomatic Research, University of Trier, Trier, Germany (OTW, RP, DHH, BMK, THS, CK)</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Ragnar Preut</name><affiliations><json:string>Center for Psychobiological and Psychosomatic Research, University of Trier, Trier, Germany (OTW, RP, DHH, BMK, THS, CK)</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Dirk H Hellhammer</name><affiliations><json:string>Center for Psychobiological and Psychosomatic Research, University of Trier, Trier, Germany (OTW, RP, DHH, BMK, THS, CK)</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Brigitte M Kudielka</name><affiliations><json:string>Center for Psychobiological and Psychosomatic Research, University of Trier, Trier, Germany (OTW, RP, DHH, BMK, THS, CK)</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Thomas H Schürmeyer</name><affiliations><json:string>Center for Psychobiological and Psychosomatic Research, University of Trier, Trier, Germany (OTW, RP, DHH, BMK, THS, CK)</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Clemens Kirschbaum</name><affiliations><json:string>Center for Psychobiological and Psychosomatic Research, University of Trier, Trier, Germany (OTW, RP, DHH, BMK, THS, CK)</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Aging</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>cognition</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>humans</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>sex steroids</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>gender differences</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>replacement</value></json:item></subject><articleId><json:string>5917</json:string></articleId><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>Full-length article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>Background: The relevance of the age-associated decline in testosterone for cognition in elderly men is still poorly understood. One hypothesis is that testosterone enhances spatial abilities, while it might impair verbal skills.Methods: Thirty elderly men received a single testosterone (250 mg testosterone enanthate) or placebo injection. Cognitive performance was tested before and 5 days after treatment using spatial as well as verbal tests.Results: Five days after injection, testosterone and estradiol levels were still in the supraphysiologic range. In the verbal fluency task, the placebo group, but not the testosterone group, showed a practice effect. Therefore, the testosterone group performed significantly worse than the placebo group after treatment. No effects of testosterone were observed in the other verbal and spatial tasks.Conclusions: The present finding, that testosterone blocks the practice effect in verbal fluency, partly supports the general idea that sex steroids modulate performance in tests with known gender differences. Moreover it demonstrates that these effects can occur rapidly. However, beneficial effects on spatial cognition or memory might need more time to develop and/or might only occur when a less pronounced testosterone increase is induced.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>5.1</score><pdfVersion>1.2</pdfVersion><pdfPageSize>586 x 786 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><keywordCount>6</keywordCount><abstractCharCount>1291</abstractCharCount><pdfWordCount>2904</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>18370</pdfCharCount><pdfPageCount>5</pdfPageCount><abstractWordCount>183</abstractWordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Testosterone and cognition in elderly men: a single testosterone injection blocks the practice effect in verbal fluency, but has no effect on spatial or verbal memory</title><pii><json:string>S0006-3223(99)00145-6</json:string></pii><refBibs><json:item><host><author></author></host></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>M Cherrier</name></json:item><json:item><name>S Asthana</name></json:item><json:item><name>S 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men</title></json:item></refBibs><genre><json:string>research-article</json:string></genre><host><volume>47</volume><pii><json:string>S0006-3223(00)X0127-8</json:string></pii><pages><last>654</last><first>650</first></pages><issn><json:string>0006-3223</json:string></issn><issue>7</issue><genre><json:string>journal</json:string></genre><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><title>Biological Psychiatry</title><publicationDate>2000</publicationDate></host><categories><wos><json:string>social science</json:string><json:string>psychiatry</json:string><json:string>science</json:string><json:string>neurosciences</json:string></wos><scienceMetrix><json:string>health sciences</json:string><json:string>clinical medicine</json:string><json:string>psychiatry</json:string></scienceMetrix></categories><publicationDate>2000</publicationDate><copyrightDate>2000</copyrightDate><doi><json:string>10.1016/S0006-3223(99)00145-6</json:string></doi><id>CC94A2F790B73F1CD7270FFE89EE04B4F2B0D984</id><score>1.6332059</score><fulltext><json:item><extension>pdf</extension><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/CC94A2F790B73F1CD7270FFE89EE04B4F2B0D984/fulltext/pdf</uri></json:item><json:item><extension>zip</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>application/zip</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/CC94A2F790B73F1CD7270FFE89EE04B4F2B0D984/fulltext/zip</uri></json:item><istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/CC94A2F790B73F1CD7270FFE89EE04B4F2B0D984/fulltext/tei"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Testosterone and cognition in elderly men: a single testosterone injection blocks the practice effect in verbal fluency, but has no effect on spatial or verbal memory</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><availability><p>©2000 Society of Biological Psychiatry</p></availability><date>2000</date></publicationStmt><notesStmt><note type="content">Section title: Original Articles</note><note type="content">Table 1: Hormone Levels in Elderly Subjects Receiving Testosterone or Placebo Treatment and in Young Control Subjects (Mean ± SEM)</note><note type="content">Table 2: Cognitive Performance in Elderly Subjects Receiving Testosterone or Placebo Treatment (Mean ± SEM)</note></notesStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="inbook"><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Testosterone and cognition in elderly men: a single testosterone injection blocks the practice effect in verbal fluency, but has no effect on spatial or verbal memory</title><author xml:id="author-1"><persName><forename type="first">Oliver T</forename><surname>Wolf</surname></persName><affiliation>Center for Psychobiological and Psychosomatic Research, University of Trier, Trier, Germany (OTW, RP, DHH, BMK, THS, CK)</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-2"><persName><forename type="first">Ragnar</forename><surname>Preut</surname></persName><affiliation>Center for Psychobiological and Psychosomatic Research, University of Trier, Trier, Germany (OTW, RP, DHH, BMK, THS, CK)</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-3"><persName><forename type="first">Dirk H</forename><surname>Hellhammer</surname></persName><affiliation>Center for Psychobiological and Psychosomatic Research, University of Trier, Trier, Germany (OTW, RP, DHH, BMK, THS, CK)</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-4"><persName><forename type="first">Brigitte M</forename><surname>Kudielka</surname></persName><affiliation>Center for Psychobiological and Psychosomatic Research, University of Trier, Trier, Germany (OTW, RP, DHH, BMK, THS, CK)</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-5"><persName><forename type="first">Thomas H</forename><surname>Schürmeyer</surname></persName><affiliation>Center for Psychobiological and Psychosomatic Research, University of Trier, Trier, Germany (OTW, RP, DHH, BMK, THS, CK)</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-6"><persName><forename type="first">Clemens</forename><surname>Kirschbaum</surname></persName><note type="biography">Address reprint requests to Clemens Kirschbaum, Ph.D., Center for Psychobiological and Psychosomatic Research, University of Trier, Dietrichstraße 10-11, 54290 Trier, Germany</note><affiliation>Address reprint requests to Clemens Kirschbaum, Ph.D., Center for Psychobiological and Psychosomatic Research, University of Trier, Dietrichstraße 10-11, 54290 Trier, Germany</affiliation><affiliation>Center for Psychobiological and Psychosomatic Research, University of Trier, Trier, Germany (OTW, RP, DHH, BMK, THS, CK)</affiliation></author></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Biological Psychiatry</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">BPS</title><idno type="pISSN">0006-3223</idno><idno type="PII">S0006-3223(00)X0127-8</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="2000"></date><biblScope unit="volume">47</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">7</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="650">650</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="654">654</biblScope></imprint></monogr><idno type="istex">CC94A2F790B73F1CD7270FFE89EE04B4F2B0D984</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1016/S0006-3223(99)00145-6</idno><idno type="PII">S0006-3223(99)00145-6</idno><idno type="ArticleID">5917</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>2000</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Background: The relevance of the age-associated decline in testosterone for cognition in elderly men is still poorly understood. One hypothesis is that testosterone enhances spatial abilities, while it might impair verbal skills.Methods: Thirty elderly men received a single testosterone (250 mg testosterone enanthate) or placebo injection. Cognitive performance was tested before and 5 days after treatment using spatial as well as verbal tests.Results: Five days after injection, testosterone and estradiol levels were still in the supraphysiologic range. In the verbal fluency task, the placebo group, but not the testosterone group, showed a practice effect. Therefore, the testosterone group performed significantly worse than the placebo group after treatment. No effects of testosterone were observed in the other verbal and spatial tasks.Conclusions: The present finding, that testosterone blocks the practice effect in verbal fluency, partly supports the general idea that sex steroids modulate performance in tests with known gender differences. Moreover it demonstrates that these effects can occur rapidly. However, beneficial effects on spatial cognition or memory might need more time to develop and/or might only occur when a less pronounced testosterone increase is induced.</p></abstract><textClass xml:lang="en"><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><head>Keywords</head><item><term>Aging</term></item><item><term>cognition</term></item><item><term>humans</term></item><item><term>sex steroids</term></item><item><term>gender differences</term></item><item><term>replacement</term></item></list></keywords></textClass></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="1999-03-29">Modified</change><change when="2000">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/CC94A2F790B73F1CD7270FFE89EE04B4F2B0D984/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Elsevier, elements deleted: ce:floats; body; tail"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:docType PUBLIC="-//ES//DTD journal article DTD version 4.5.2//EN//XML" URI="art452.dtd" name="istex:docType"></istex:docType><istex:document><converted-article version="4.5.2" docsubtype="fla" xml:lang="en"><item-info><jid>BPS</jid><aid>5917</aid><ce:pii>S0006-3223(99)00145-6</ce:pii><ce:doi>10.1016/S0006-3223(99)00145-6</ce:doi><ce:copyright type="society" year="2000">Society of Biological Psychiatry</ce:copyright></item-info><head><ce:dochead><ce:textfn>Original Articles</ce:textfn></ce:dochead><ce:title>Testosterone and cognition in elderly men: a single testosterone injection blocks the practice effect in verbal fluency, but has no effect on spatial or verbal memory</ce:title><ce:author-group><ce:author><ce:given-name>Oliver T</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Wolf</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1"><ce:sup loc="post">a</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF2"><ce:sup loc="post">b</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF3"><ce:sup loc="post">c</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>Ragnar</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Preut</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1"><ce:sup loc="post">a</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>Dirk H</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Hellhammer</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1"><ce:sup loc="post">a</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>Brigitte M</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Kudielka</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1"><ce:sup loc="post">a</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:indexed-name>Schurmeyer</ce:indexed-name><ce:given-name>Thomas H</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Schürmeyer</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1"><ce:sup loc="post">a</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>Clemens</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Kirschbaum</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1"><ce:sup loc="post">a</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref><ce:cross-ref refid="CORR1">*</ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:affiliation id="AFF1"><ce:label>a</ce:label><ce:textfn>Center for Psychobiological and Psychosomatic Research, University of Trier, Trier, Germany (OTW, RP, DHH, BMK, THS, CK)</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="AFF2"><ce:label>b</ce:label><ce:textfn>Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Rockefeller University, New York, USA</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="AFF3"><ce:label>c</ce:label><ce:textfn>Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, NYU School of Medicine, New York, New York (OTW), USA</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:correspondence id="CORR1"><ce:label>*</ce:label><ce:text>Address reprint requests to Clemens Kirschbaum, Ph.D., Center for Psychobiological and Psychosomatic Research, University of Trier, Dietrichstraße 10-11, 54290 Trier, Germany</ce:text></ce:correspondence></ce:author-group><ce:date-received day="17" month="12" year="1998"></ce:date-received><ce:date-revised day="29" month="3" year="1999"></ce:date-revised><ce:date-revised day="2" month="6" year="1999"></ce:date-revised><ce:date-accepted day="3" month="6" year="1999"></ce:date-accepted><ce:abstract class="author"><ce:section-title>Abstract</ce:section-title><ce:abstract-sec><ce:simple-para view="all" id="simple-para.0020">Background: The relevance of the age-associated decline in testosterone for cognition in elderly men is still poorly understood. One hypothesis is that testosterone enhances spatial abilities, while it might impair verbal skills.</ce:simple-para><ce:simple-para view="all" id="simple-para.0025">Methods: Thirty elderly men received a single testosterone (250 mg testosterone enanthate) or placebo injection. Cognitive performance was tested before and 5 days after treatment using spatial as well as verbal tests.</ce:simple-para><ce:simple-para view="all" id="simple-para.0030">Results: Five days after injection, testosterone and estradiol levels were still in the supraphysiologic range. In the verbal fluency task, the placebo group, but not the testosterone group, showed a practice effect. Therefore, the testosterone group performed significantly worse than the placebo group after treatment. No effects of testosterone were observed in the other verbal and spatial tasks.</ce:simple-para><ce:simple-para view="all" id="simple-para.0035">Conclusions: The present finding, that testosterone blocks the practice effect in verbal fluency, partly supports the general idea that sex steroids modulate performance in tests with known gender differences. Moreover it demonstrates that these effects can occur rapidly. However, beneficial effects on spatial cognition or memory might need more time to develop and/or might only occur when a less pronounced testosterone increase is induced.</ce:simple-para></ce:abstract-sec></ce:abstract><ce:keywords class="keyword"><ce:section-title>Keywords</ce:section-title><ce:keyword><ce:text>Aging</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>cognition</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>humans</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>sex steroids</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>gender differences</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>replacement</ce:text></ce:keyword></ce:keywords></head></converted-article></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Testosterone and cognition in elderly men: a single testosterone injection blocks the practice effect in verbal fluency, but has no effect on spatial or verbal memory</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" lang="en" contentType="CDATA"><title>Testosterone and cognition in elderly men: a single testosterone injection blocks the practice effect in verbal fluency, but has no effect on spatial or verbal memory</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Oliver T</namePart><namePart type="family">Wolf</namePart><affiliation>Center for Psychobiological and Psychosomatic Research, University of Trier, Trier, Germany (OTW, RP, DHH, BMK, THS, CK)</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Ragnar</namePart><namePart type="family">Preut</namePart><affiliation>Center for Psychobiological and Psychosomatic Research, University of Trier, Trier, Germany (OTW, RP, DHH, BMK, THS, CK)</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Dirk H</namePart><namePart type="family">Hellhammer</namePart><affiliation>Center for Psychobiological and Psychosomatic Research, University of Trier, Trier, Germany (OTW, RP, DHH, BMK, THS, CK)</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Brigitte M</namePart><namePart type="family">Kudielka</namePart><affiliation>Center for Psychobiological and Psychosomatic Research, University of Trier, Trier, Germany (OTW, RP, DHH, BMK, THS, CK)</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Thomas H</namePart><namePart type="family">Schürmeyer</namePart><affiliation>Center for Psychobiological and Psychosomatic Research, University of Trier, Trier, Germany (OTW, RP, DHH, BMK, THS, CK)</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Clemens</namePart><namePart type="family">Kirschbaum</namePart><affiliation>Center for Psychobiological and Psychosomatic Research, University of Trier, Trier, Germany (OTW, RP, DHH, BMK, THS, CK)</affiliation><description>Address reprint requests to Clemens Kirschbaum, Ph.D., Center for Psychobiological and Psychosomatic Research, University of Trier, Dietrichstraße 10-11, 54290 Trier, Germany</description><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="research-article" displayLabel="Full-length article"></genre><originInfo><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2000</dateIssued><dateModified encoding="w3cdtf">1999-03-29</dateModified><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2000</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">Background: The relevance of the age-associated decline in testosterone for cognition in elderly men is still poorly understood. One hypothesis is that testosterone enhances spatial abilities, while it might impair verbal skills.Methods: Thirty elderly men received a single testosterone (250 mg testosterone enanthate) or placebo injection. Cognitive performance was tested before and 5 days after treatment using spatial as well as verbal tests.Results: Five days after injection, testosterone and estradiol levels were still in the supraphysiologic range. In the verbal fluency task, the placebo group, but not the testosterone group, showed a practice effect. Therefore, the testosterone group performed significantly worse than the placebo group after treatment. No effects of testosterone were observed in the other verbal and spatial tasks.Conclusions: The present finding, that testosterone blocks the practice effect in verbal fluency, partly supports the general idea that sex steroids modulate performance in tests with known gender differences. Moreover it demonstrates that these effects can occur rapidly. However, beneficial effects on spatial cognition or memory might need more time to develop and/or might only occur when a less pronounced testosterone increase is induced.</abstract><note type="content">Section title: Original Articles</note><note type="content">Table 1: Hormone Levels in Elderly Subjects Receiving Testosterone or Placebo Treatment and in Young Control Subjects (Mean ± SEM)</note><note type="content">Table 2: Cognitive Performance in Elderly Subjects Receiving Testosterone or Placebo Treatment (Mean ± SEM)</note><subject lang="en"><genre>Keywords</genre><topic>Aging</topic><topic>cognition</topic><topic>humans</topic><topic>sex steroids</topic><topic>gender differences</topic><topic>replacement</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Biological Psychiatry</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>BPS</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal">journal</genre><originInfo><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">20000401</dateIssued></originInfo><identifier type="ISSN">0006-3223</identifier><identifier type="PII">S0006-3223(00)X0127-8</identifier><part><date>20000401</date><detail type="volume"><number>47</number><caption>vol.</caption></detail><detail type="issue"><number>7</number><caption>no.</caption></detail><extent unit="issue pages"><start>579</start><end>686</end></extent><extent unit="pages"><start>650</start><end>654</end></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">CC94A2F790B73F1CD7270FFE89EE04B4F2B0D984</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1016/S0006-3223(99)00145-6</identifier><identifier type="PII">S0006-3223(99)00145-6</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">5917</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">©2000 Society of Biological Psychiatry</accessCondition><recordInfo><recordContentSource>ELSEVIER</recordContentSource><recordOrigin>Society of Biological Psychiatry, ©2000</recordOrigin></recordInfo></mods></metadata><serie></serie></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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