Do competing males cooperate? Familiarity and its effect on cooperation during predator inspection in male three‐spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus)
Identifieur interne : 001565 ( Istex/Curation ); précédent : 001564; suivant : 001566Do competing males cooperate? Familiarity and its effect on cooperation during predator inspection in male three‐spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus)
Auteurs : C. A. Walling [Royaume-Uni] ; N. Dawnay [Royaume-Uni] ; A. J. N. Kazem [Royaume-Uni] ; R. Hickling [Royaume-Uni] ; J. Wright [Royaume-Uni]Source :
- Journal of Fish Biology [ 0022-1112 ] ; 2003-12.
Abstract
We investigated the trade‐off between conflict and cooperation, using predator inspection behaviour in sticklebacks as a model system. Male three‐spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus) compete for territories during the breeding season and it has been demonstrated that the level of aggression between territorial neighbours declines with time, a phenomenon known as the dear enemy effect. In this experiment we examine whether this increase in familiarity between territorial neighbours can facilitate an increase in cooperation during predator inspection events. This was analyzed using male sticklebacks from four pond populations, two with and two without predatory rainbow trout (Oncorhyncus mykiss). Males were each exposed to five different treatments: (1) the presentation of a live rainbow trout when alone; (2) with a newly revealed territorial neighbour; (3) with this neighbour after two days of familiarization; (4) with another unfamiliar neighbour (termed a ‘floater’); and (5) a second solitary trial (to provide controls at the start and end of the experiment). As predicted, fish from predator‐sympatric populations showed higher levels of predator inspection and lower rates of misdirected territorial aggression towards the predator throughout. However, familiarity between neighbouring males did not facilitate an increase in predator inspection behaviour. Instead, predator inspection behaviour decreased throughout treatments involving the presence of any sort of neighbouring male. Familiarity between neighbours did not influence their ability to cooperatively inspect, but only the nature of any aggressive territorial behaviours, all of which detracted equally from individual inspection effort.
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DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8649.2003.216an.x
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Familiarity and its effect on cooperation during predator inspection in male three‐spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus)</title><author><name sortKey="Walling, C A" sort="Walling, C A" uniqKey="Walling C" first="C. A." last="Walling">C. A. Walling</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>(1Division of Environmental and Evolutionary Biology, Graham Kerr Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K.;</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>(1Division of Environmental and Evolutionary Biology, Graham Kerr Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dawnay, N" sort="Dawnay, N" uniqKey="Dawnay N" first="N." last="Dawnay">N. Dawnay</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>2School of Biological Sciences, University of Wales, Bangor, Gwynedd LL57 2UW, U.K.).</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>2School of Biological Sciences, University of Wales, Bangor, Gwynedd LL57 2UW</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kazem, A J N" sort="Kazem, A J N" uniqKey="Kazem A" first="A. J. N." last="Kazem">A. J. N. Kazem</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>2School of Biological Sciences, University of Wales, Bangor, Gwynedd LL57 2UW, U.K.).</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>2School of Biological Sciences, University of Wales, Bangor, Gwynedd LL57 2UW</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hickling, R" sort="Hickling, R" uniqKey="Hickling R" first="R." last="Hickling">R. 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Male three‐spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus) compete for territories during the breeding season and it has been demonstrated that the level of aggression between territorial neighbours declines with time, a phenomenon known as the dear enemy effect. In this experiment we examine whether this increase in familiarity between territorial neighbours can facilitate an increase in cooperation during predator inspection events. This was analyzed using male sticklebacks from four pond populations, two with and two without predatory rainbow trout (Oncorhyncus mykiss). Males were each exposed to five different treatments: (1) the presentation of a live rainbow trout when alone; (2) with a newly revealed territorial neighbour; (3) with this neighbour after two days of familiarization; (4) with another unfamiliar neighbour (termed a ‘floater’); and (5) a second solitary trial (to provide controls at the start and end of the experiment). As predicted, fish from predator‐sympatric populations showed higher levels of predator inspection and lower rates of misdirected territorial aggression towards the predator throughout. However, familiarity between neighbouring males did not facilitate an increase in predator inspection behaviour. Instead, predator inspection behaviour decreased throughout treatments involving the presence of any sort of neighbouring male. Familiarity between neighbours did not influence their ability to cooperatively inspect, but only the nature of any aggressive territorial behaviours, all of which detracted equally from individual inspection effort.</div></front></TEI></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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