Citrate Accumulation-Related Gene Expression and/or Enzyme Activity Analysis Combined With Metabolomics Provide a Novel Insight for an Orange Mutant
Identifieur interne : 000470 ( Pmc/Curation ); précédent : 000469; suivant : 000471Citrate Accumulation-Related Gene Expression and/or Enzyme Activity Analysis Combined With Metabolomics Provide a Novel Insight for an Orange Mutant
Auteurs : Ling-Xia Guo ; Cai-Yun Shi ; Xiao Liu ; Dong-Yuan Ning ; Long-Fei Jing ; Huan Yang ; Yong-Zhong LiuSource :
- Scientific Reports [ 2045-2322 ] ; 2016.
Abstract
‘Hong Anliu’ (HAL,
Url:
DOI: 10.1038/srep29343
PubMed: 27385485
PubMed Central: 4935991
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Ling-Xia Guo<affiliation><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education</institution>, Wuhan 430070,<country>P.R. China</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">P.R. China</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="a2"><institution>College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University</institution>, Wuhan 430070,<country>P.R. China</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">P.R. China</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="a2"><institution>College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University</institution>, Wuhan 430070,<country>P.R. China</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">P.R. China</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education</institution>, Wuhan 430070,<country>P.R. China</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">P.R. China</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="a2"><institution>College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University</institution>, Wuhan 430070,<country>P.R. China</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">P.R. China</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="a2"><institution>College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University</institution>, Wuhan 430070,<country>P.R. China</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">P.R. China</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education</institution>, Wuhan 430070,<country>P.R. China</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">P.R. China</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="a2"><institution>College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University</institution>, Wuhan 430070,<country>P.R. China</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">P.R. China</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="a2"><institution>College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University</institution>, Wuhan 430070,<country>P.R. China</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">P.R. China</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education</institution>, Wuhan 430070,<country>P.R. China</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">P.R. China</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="a2"><institution>College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University</institution>, Wuhan 430070,<country>P.R. China</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">P.R. China</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="a2"><institution>College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University</institution>, Wuhan 430070,<country>P.R. China</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">P.R. China</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education</institution>, Wuhan 430070,<country>P.R. China</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">P.R. China</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="a2"><institution>College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University</institution>, Wuhan 430070,<country>P.R. China</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">P.R. China</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="a2"><institution>College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University</institution>, Wuhan 430070,<country>P.R. China</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">P.R. China</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education</institution>, Wuhan 430070,<country>P.R. China</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">P.R. China</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="a2"><institution>College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University</institution>, Wuhan 430070,<country>P.R. China</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">P.R. China</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="a2"><institution>College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University</institution>, Wuhan 430070,<country>P.R. China</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">P.R. China</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education</institution>, Wuhan 430070,<country>P.R. China</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">P.R. China</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="a2"><institution>College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University</institution>, Wuhan 430070,<country>P.R. China</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">P.R. China</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="a2"><institution>College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University</institution>, Wuhan 430070,<country>P.R. China</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">P.R. China</wicri:noCountry></affiliation>Le document en format XML
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China</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yang, Huan" sort="Yang, Huan" uniqKey="Yang H" first="Huan" last="Yang">Huan Yang</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education</institution>, Wuhan 430070,<country>P.R. China</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">P.R. China</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="a2"><institution>College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University</institution>, Wuhan 430070,<country>P.R. China</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">P.R. China</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Liu, Yong Zhong" sort="Liu, Yong Zhong" uniqKey="Liu Y" first="Yong-Zhong" last="Liu">Yong-Zhong Liu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education</institution>, Wuhan 430070,<country>P.R. China</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">P.R. China</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="a2"><institution>College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University</institution>, Wuhan 430070,<country>P.R. China</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">P.R. China</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">27385485</idno><idno type="pmc">4935991</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4935991</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:4935991</idno><idno type="doi">10.1038/srep29343</idno><date when="2016">2016</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000471</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000470</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Citrate Accumulation-Related Gene Expression and/or Enzyme Activity Analysis Combined With Metabolomics Provide a Novel Insight for an Orange Mutant</title><author><name sortKey="Guo, Ling Xia" sort="Guo, Ling Xia" uniqKey="Guo L" first="Ling-Xia" last="Guo">Ling-Xia Guo</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education</institution>, Wuhan 430070,<country>P.R. China</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">P.R. China</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="a2"><institution>College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University</institution>, Wuhan 430070,<country>P.R. China</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">P.R. China</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shi, Cai Yun" sort="Shi, Cai Yun" uniqKey="Shi C" first="Cai-Yun" last="Shi">Cai-Yun Shi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education</institution>, Wuhan 430070,<country>P.R. China</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">P.R. China</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="a2"><institution>College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University</institution>, Wuhan 430070,<country>P.R. China</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">P.R. China</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Liu, Xiao" sort="Liu, Xiao" uniqKey="Liu X" first="Xiao" last="Liu">Xiao Liu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education</institution>, Wuhan 430070,<country>P.R. China</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">P.R. China</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="a2"><institution>College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University</institution>, Wuhan 430070,<country>P.R. China</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">P.R. China</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ning, Dong Yuan" sort="Ning, Dong Yuan" uniqKey="Ning D" first="Dong-Yuan" last="Ning">Dong-Yuan Ning</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education</institution>, Wuhan 430070,<country>P.R. China</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">P.R. China</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="a2"><institution>College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University</institution>, Wuhan 430070,<country>P.R. China</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">P.R. China</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jing, Long Fei" sort="Jing, Long Fei" uniqKey="Jing L" first="Long-Fei" last="Jing">Long-Fei Jing</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education</institution>, Wuhan 430070,<country>P.R. China</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">P.R. China</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="a2"><institution>College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University</institution>, Wuhan 430070,<country>P.R. China</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">P.R. China</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yang, Huan" sort="Yang, Huan" uniqKey="Yang H" first="Huan" last="Yang">Huan Yang</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education</institution>, Wuhan 430070,<country>P.R. China</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">P.R. China</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="a2"><institution>College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University</institution>, Wuhan 430070,<country>P.R. China</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">P.R. China</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Liu, Yong Zhong" sort="Liu, Yong Zhong" uniqKey="Liu Y" first="Yong-Zhong" last="Liu">Yong-Zhong Liu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education</institution>, Wuhan 430070,<country>P.R. China</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">P.R. China</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="a2"><institution>College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University</institution>, Wuhan 430070,<country>P.R. China</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">P.R. China</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Scientific Reports</title><idno type="eISSN">2045-2322</idno><imprint><date when="2016">2016</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>‘Hong Anliu’ (HAL, <italic>Citrus sinensis</italic> cv. Hong Anliu) is a bud mutant of ‘Anliu’ (AL), characterized by a comprehensive metabolite alteration, such as lower accumulation of citrate, high accumulation of lycopene and soluble sugars in fruit juice sacs. Due to carboxylic acid metabolism connects other metabolite biosynthesis and/or catabolism networks, we therefore focused analyzing citrate accumulation-related gene expression profiles and/or enzyme activities, along with metabolic fingerprinting between ‘HAL’ and ‘AL’. Compared with ‘AL’, the transcript levels of citrate biosynthesis- and utilization-related genes and/or the activities of their respective enzymes such as citrate synthase, cytosol aconitase and ATP-citrate lyase were significantly higher in ‘HAL’. Nevertheless, the mitochondrial aconitase activity, the gene transcript levels of proton pumps, including vacuolar H<sup>+</sup>-ATPase, vacuolar H<sup>+</sup>-PPase, and the juice sac-predominant p-type proton pump gene (<italic>CsPH8</italic>) were significantly lower in ‘HAL’. These results implied that ‘HAL’ has higher abilities for citrate biosynthesis and utilization, but lower ability for the citrate uptake into vacuole compared with ‘AL’. Combined with the metabolites-analyzing results, a model was then established and suggested that the reduction in proton pump activity is the key factor for the low citrate accumulation and the comprehensive metabolite alterations as well in ‘HAL’.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Liu, Q" uniqKey="Liu Q">Q. Liu</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Pan, Z" uniqKey="Pan Z">Z. Pan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Li, Y" uniqKey="Li Y">Y. Li</name></author><author><name sortKey="Deng, X" uniqKey="Deng X">X. Deng</name></author><author><name sortKey="Xiao, S" uniqKey="Xiao S">S. Xiao</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Yu, K" uniqKey="Yu K">K. Yu</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Xu, Q" uniqKey="Xu Q">Q. 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<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Sci Rep</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Sci Rep</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Scientific Reports</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2045-2322</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Nature Publishing Group</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">27385485</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4935991</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pii">srep29343</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1038/srep29343</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Citrate Accumulation-Related Gene Expression and/or Enzyme Activity Analysis Combined With Metabolomics Provide a Novel Insight for an Orange Mutant</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Guo</surname><given-names>Ling-Xia</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="a1">1</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="a2">2</xref><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="n1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Shi</surname><given-names>Cai-Yun</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="a1">1</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="a2">2</xref><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="n1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Liu</surname><given-names>Xiao</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="a1">1</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="a2">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ning</surname><given-names>Dong-Yuan</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="a1">1</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="a2">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Jing</surname><given-names>Long-Fei</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="a1">1</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="a2">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Yang</surname><given-names>Huan</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="a1">1</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="a2">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Liu</surname><given-names>Yong-Zhong</given-names></name><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1">a</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="a1">1</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="a2">2</xref></contrib><aff id="a1"><label>1</label><institution>Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education</institution>, Wuhan 430070,<country>P.R. China</country></aff><aff id="a2"><label>2</label><institution>College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University</institution>, Wuhan 430070,<country>P.R. China</country></aff></contrib-group><author-notes><corresp id="c1"><label>a</label><email>liuyongzhong@mail.hzau.edu.cn</email></corresp><fn id="n1"><label>*</label><p>These authors contributed equally to this work.</p></fn></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>07</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>6</volume><elocation-id>29343</elocation-id><history><date date-type="received"><day>23</day><month>02</month><year>2016</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>17</day><month>06</month><year>2016</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright © 2016, Macmillan Publishers Limited</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder>Macmillan Publishers Limited</copyright-holder><license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"><pmc-comment>author-paid</pmc-comment>
<license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link></license-p></license></permissions><abstract><p>‘Hong Anliu’ (HAL, <italic>Citrus sinensis</italic> cv. Hong Anliu) is a bud mutant of ‘Anliu’ (AL), characterized by a comprehensive metabolite alteration, such as lower accumulation of citrate, high accumulation of lycopene and soluble sugars in fruit juice sacs. Due to carboxylic acid metabolism connects other metabolite biosynthesis and/or catabolism networks, we therefore focused analyzing citrate accumulation-related gene expression profiles and/or enzyme activities, along with metabolic fingerprinting between ‘HAL’ and ‘AL’. Compared with ‘AL’, the transcript levels of citrate biosynthesis- and utilization-related genes and/or the activities of their respective enzymes such as citrate synthase, cytosol aconitase and ATP-citrate lyase were significantly higher in ‘HAL’. Nevertheless, the mitochondrial aconitase activity, the gene transcript levels of proton pumps, including vacuolar H<sup>+</sup>-ATPase, vacuolar H<sup>+</sup>-PPase, and the juice sac-predominant p-type proton pump gene (<italic>CsPH8</italic>) were significantly lower in ‘HAL’. These results implied that ‘HAL’ has higher abilities for citrate biosynthesis and utilization, but lower ability for the citrate uptake into vacuole compared with ‘AL’. Combined with the metabolites-analyzing results, a model was then established and suggested that the reduction in proton pump activity is the key factor for the low citrate accumulation and the comprehensive metabolite alterations as well in ‘HAL’.</p></abstract></article-meta></front><floats-group><fig id="f1"><label>Figure 1</label><caption><title>Gene expression and activity analysis of citrate biosynthesis-related enzymes.</title><p>PEPC, OAA, CS, AL and HAL are the abbreviations of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, oxaloacetate, citrate synthase, ‘Anliu’ orange and ‘Hong Anliu’ orange, respectively. (<bold>a</bold>) and (<bold>b</bold>) refer to the results of the PEPC and CS gene expression analysis, respectively. a1 and b1 refer to the activities (U·min<sup>−1</sup>·g<sup>−1</sup>FW) of the PEPC and CS enzymes, respectively. The asterisks (*) on the bars indicate significant differences (<italic>P</italic> < 0.05) between the AL and HAL fruits in the <italic>t-</italic>tests (LSD).</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="srep29343-f1"></graphic></fig><fig id="f2"><label>Figure 2</label><caption><title>Expression profiles of the genes involved in citrate transport.</title><p>(<bold>a,b</bold>) refer to the expression profiles of the genes encoding the VHA assembly factor (<italic>af</italic>) or different VHA subunits, respectively (<bold>c</bold>) refers to the expression profiles of the genes encoding VHP (<bold>d</bold>) refers to the expression profiles of <italic>CsPH8</italic> (Shi <italic>et al</italic>.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="b23">23</xref>) and <italic>CsCit1</italic> (Shimada <italic>et al</italic>.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="b25">25</xref>). The asterisks (*) on the bars indicate significant differences (<italic>P</italic> < 0.05) between the AL and HAL fruits in the <italic>t-</italic>tests (LSD).</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="srep29343-f2"></graphic></fig><fig id="f3"><label>Figure 3</label><caption><title>Comparison of citrate degradation- and utilization-related genes expression levels and/or their respective enzyme activities.</title><p>Aco, IDH, α-KG, GS, GAD, ACL, PEPCK, FBPase, AL and HAL are the abbreviations of aconitase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, α-ketoglutarate, glutamine synthesis, glutamate decarboxylase, ATP-citrate lyase, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase, ‘Anliu’ orange and ‘Hong Anliu’ orange, respectively. a-f refer to the results of the gene expression analysis, respectively. a1 and a2 refer to the activities (U·min<sup>−1</sup>·g<sup>−1</sup>FW) of mitochondrial Aco and cytoplasmic Aco, respectively. b1 and c1 refer to the activities (U·min·g<sup>−1</sup>FW) of NAD-IDH and NADP-IDH, respectively. d1, e1, and f1 refer to the activities of GS (△OD·h<sup>−1</sup>·g<sup>−1</sup>FW), GAD (GABA mg·h<sup>−1</sup>·g<sup>−1</sup>FW), and ACL (μmol·min<sup>−1</sup>·g<sup>−1</sup>FW), respectively. The asterisks (*) on the bars indicate significant differences (<italic>P</italic> < 0.05) between the AL and HAL fruits in the <italic>t-</italic>tests (LSD).</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="srep29343-f3"></graphic></fig><fig id="f4"><label>Figure 4</label><caption><title>Overview of the major metabolic pathways involved in mutant trait formation.</title><p>The red circle indicates that the metabolite content, enzyme activity or gene expression level is significantly higher in the mutant cultivar (‘HAL’) than the wild type cultivar (‘AL’). The green circle indicates that the metabolite content, enzyme activity or gene expression level is significantly lower in ‘HAL’ than ‘AL’. The black circle indicates that the difference of other metabolites between ‘HAL’ and ‘AL’ is not clear.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="srep29343-f4"></graphic></fig><table-wrap position="float" id="t1"><label>Table 1</label><caption><title>Classification of the putatively identified metabolites that were significantly different between ‘HAL’ (M) and ‘AL’ (W).</title></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left"></col><col align="left"></col><col align="center"></col><col align="center"></col><col align="center"></col><col align="center"></col></colgroup><thead valign="bottom"><tr><th align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Classification</th><th align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Putative Name</th><th align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">m/z</th><th align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Retension time (min)</th><th align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Fold change (M/W)</th><th align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Detection mode</th></tr></thead><tbody valign="top"><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Organic acids</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Pyruvic acid</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">111.00535</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.028</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.24</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">POSITIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Citric acid</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">193.03266</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.032</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.21</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">POSITIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Citric acid</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">191.02135</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.029</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.49</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NEGATIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Oxoglutaric acid</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">147.02684</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.025</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.26</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">POSITIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Isocitric acid</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">191.02135</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.029</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.49</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NEGATIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Succinic acid</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">117.02051</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.404</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">2.21</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NEGATIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Fumaric acid</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">115.00441</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.923</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.34</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NEGATIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Malic acid</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">133.01496</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.925</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.32</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NEGATIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Citramalic acid</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">147.03118</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.410</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.24</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NEGATIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Sugars</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Hexose 1-phosphate</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">241.0117</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.726</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.43</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">POSITIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">D-Glucose 6-phosphate</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">259.0243</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.730</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.43</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NEGATIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Sucrose 6-phosphate</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">423.08989</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">5.560</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.67</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NEGATIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">3-O-alpha-L-Arabinopyranosyl-L-arabinose</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">845.27875</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.839</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">2.31</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NEGATIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Sucrose</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">342.10781</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">2.830</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">2.59</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NEGATIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Amino acids and derivatives</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">L-Lysine</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">147.11607</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">8.394</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.07</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">POSITIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Histidinol phosphate</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">222.06526</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">6.738</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.56</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">POSITIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Threonine</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">118.05209</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.786</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.45</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NEGATIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Serine</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">104.03656</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.774</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.52</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NEGATIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Pyrroline hydroxycarboxylic acid</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">130.0496</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.207</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.66</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NEGATIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Phenylpyruvic acid</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">165.05436</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">5.136</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.79</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">POSITIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Histidine</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">154.06336</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.752</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">2.07</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NEGATIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Pyrroline hydroxycarboxylic acid</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">128.03637</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.220</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">4.51</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">POSITIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Purine or pyrimidine nucleosides and analogues</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Uracil</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">113.0344</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.207</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.41</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">POSITIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Uridine</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">245.07651</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.210</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.44</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">POSITIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Guanosine</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">284.09683</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.048</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.56</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">POSITIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Hypoxanthine</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">135.03158</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.810</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.75</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NEGATIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Uridine</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">243.06432</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.222</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">6.08</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NEGATIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Deoxyinosine</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">251.07958</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.995</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">28.27</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NEGATIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Plant hormones and analogues</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Abscisic Acid</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">265.1434</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">7.746</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.46</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">POSITIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Abscisic Acid</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">263.13068</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">7.746</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.48</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NEGATIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Abscisic alcohol 11-glucoside</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">411.20525</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">8.60</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.51</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NEGATIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Methyl jasmonate</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">223.13491</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">7.394</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.67</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NEGATIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">trans-Zeatin/Pantothenic Acid</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">220.11792</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">2.998</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.32</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">POSITIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">trans-Zeatin/Pantothenic Acid</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">218.10499</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">2.994</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.45</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NEGATIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Cis-zeatin-O-glucoside</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">380.15868</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">3.28</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.68</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NEGATIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">dihomo-jasmonic acid</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">237.15145</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">8.615</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.83</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NEGATIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Vitamins and derivatives</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Ascorbic acid</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">175.02559</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.933</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.90</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NEGATIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">L-Ascorbic acid-2-glucoside</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">337.08065</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.908</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.99</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NEGATIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Niacin</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">124.03601</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.041</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.76</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">POSITIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Riboflavin</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">375.13283</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">5.17</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.48</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NEGATIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Anonymous group</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Isopentenyl adenosine-5′-diphosphate</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">494.09674</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">7.45</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.24</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NEGATIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Propyl cinnamate</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">191.10609</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">3.185</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.25</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">POSITIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Limonexic acid</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">503.19124</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">7.487</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.25</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">POSITIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">alpha-Methylstyrene</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">119.0854</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">7.390</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.42</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">POSITIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Inositol cyclic phosphate</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">241.0117</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.726</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.43</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NEGATIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Ambolic acid</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">471.38581</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.674</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.45</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">POSITIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Ethylphenol/Dimethylphenol</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">123.08023</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">7.392</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.45</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">POSITIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Nicotinate D-ribonucleoside</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">256.07836</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">7.393</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.46</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">POSITIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Pyridoxamine-5′-Phosphate</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">249.0607</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">7.390</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.49</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">POSITIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">L-Citronellol glucoside</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">317.19884</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">7.044</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.50</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NEGATIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Furoic acid</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">111.00918</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.029</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.52</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NEGATIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Ubiquinone-1</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">251.12784</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">7.057</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.54</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">POSITIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Propylphenol</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">137.09579</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">6.738</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.58</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">POSITIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Viburtinal</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">161.05945</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">4.972</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.63</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">POSITIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">S-Adenosyl-4-methylthio-2-oxobutanoate</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">398.1069</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">8.901</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.65</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">POSITIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">p-Nitroglutethimide</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">261.08979</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">5.377</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.34</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NEGATIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">N-Methylethanolamine phosphate</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">156.03971</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.700</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.44</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">POSITIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Citraconic acid</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">129.02042</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.045</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.48</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NEGATIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Ascorbalamic acid</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">262.0594</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.826</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.48</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NEGATIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">p-Coumaroyl quinic acid</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">339.10751</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">7.303</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.56</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">POSITIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Caffeic acid 3-O-glucuronide</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">355.06987</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">3.773</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.61</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NEGATIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Ethyl (S)-3-hydroxybutyrate glucoside</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">293.1259</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">5.013</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.62</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NEGATIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">1-Linoleoylglycerophosphocholine</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">520.33997</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">11.871</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.77</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">POSITIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Glucocaffeic acid</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">341.09185</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">4.189</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.88</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NEGATIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Phenprocoumon</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">279.11064</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">3.206</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.98</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NEGATIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">DHAP(8:0)</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">295.09632</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">1.470</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">2.53</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NEGATIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Biocytin</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">104.03656</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">0.774</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">2.68</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NEGATIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Limocitrin 3-rutinoside</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">655.19317</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">8.047</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">2.69</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">POSITIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Rhamnocitrin 3-(6′-acetylglucoside)</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">505.1321</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">7.805</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">3.53</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">POSITIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Methyl pentenoic acid</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">115.07536</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">4.405</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">3.88</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">POSITIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Cinnamic acid</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">149.05952</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">4.721</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">5.72</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">POSITIVE</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Octenoic acid</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">143.10642</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">8.313</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">20.31</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">POSITIVE</td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap><table-wrap position="float" id="t2"><label>Table 2</label><caption><title>The primers used for qRT-PCR.</title></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left"></col><col align="center"></col><col align="center"></col><col align="left"></col><col align="left"></col><col align="center"></col></colgroup><thead valign="bottom"><tr><th rowspan="2" align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Category</th><th rowspan="2" align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Gene Name</th><th rowspan="2" align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Description</th><th colspan="2" align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Sequence (5′-3′)</th><th rowspan="2" align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Sequence ID* or reference</th></tr><tr><th align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Forward primer</th><th align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Reverse primer</th></tr></thead><tbody valign="top"><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Citrate synthesis-related</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><italic>PEPC1</italic></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">GTGCGATCCCGTCTATCTGT</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">AAGGCTCAAGGCCACTTTTT</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">orange1.1g002089m</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><italic>PEPC2</italic></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">GGCATGCAAAACACTGGTTA</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">CATGTTCATTACGGCTTGGA</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">orange1.1g002112m</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><italic>PEPC3</italic></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">GAACAATGACGGACACAACG</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">TGGACTCGCTTCCAACTTCT</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">orange1.1g001537m</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><italic>CS1</italic></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">citrate synthase</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">GGTGCCCCCAATATTAACAA</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">AGAGCTCGGTCCCATATCAA</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">orange1.1g012107m</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><italic>CS2</italic></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">ACTGGTGTATGGATGCGACA</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">TCTTCGTCTTGTGGCATTTG</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">orange1.1g010304m</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Citrate degradation or utilization-related</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><italic>Aco1</italic></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">aconitase</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">GGCAAGTCATTCACATGCGTT</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">TGAAGAAGTAGACCCCGGTTGA</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Terol <italic>et al</italic>.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="b29">29</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><italic>Aco2</italic></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">GGCAATGATGAAGTGATGGCT</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">GTTGGAACATGGACCGTCTTT</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><italic>Aco3</italic></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">TGCAGCAATGAGGTACAAGGC</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">TCACACCCAGAAGCATTGGAC</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><italic>ACLα1</italic></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">ATP-citrate α subunit</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">GATACTGTTGGAGACTTGGG</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">GCTCTCTTACGACCATCAGG</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Hu <italic>et al</italic>.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="b26">26</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><italic>ACLα2</italic></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">TACAGTGGAGCACCCAACGA</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">CCTTCAGGGCTTGGATTATG</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><italic>ACLβ</italic></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">ATP-citrate β subunit</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">GAGGAGATAACAGAGACAAA</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">AACAAAGAGCCCATTCAGAT</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><italic>NAD-IDH1</italic></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NAD-isocitrate dehydrogenase</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">TATTGCTGGAGGCACTGGTG</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">ACTTCCCCTCTGCAATTGTG</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">orange1.1g018224</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><italic>NAD-IDH2</italic></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">CAGCACCTGATATTGCTGGA</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">CTCTGCAATTGTGCTCAGGA</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Ciclev10025889m</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><italic>NAD-IDH3</italic></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">AGCAGGAAACGTGGGTAATG</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">GGCAGCAATAACAGCATCAA</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">orange1.1g017413</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><italic>NADP-IDH1</italic></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">NADP-isocitrate dehydrogenase</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">GAAAATTGGGGATTGGGATT</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">CAACAGAGGTGCAGCTCAAA</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">orange1.1g015012</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><italic>NADP-IDH2</italic></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">CAGCGGACATGTGAACAATC</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">CCGTCCATTTCAACGATAGG</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Ciclev10005058</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><italic>NADP-IDH3</italic></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">TACCGGGTTCATCAGAAAGG</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">AGGCTGCTTCCAGTTTCTCA</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">orange1.1g009041</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><italic>GS1</italic></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">glutamine synthetase</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">CATCAATGCTATCGCGTGTT</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">TCTGCATTCTTGGCAGGTTA</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">orange1.1g013478m</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><italic>GS2</italic></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">TTTGGGATGCTCAGTTGTGA</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">CTGAATGGCTCCCAAAAATG</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">orange1.1g018391m</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><italic>GS3</italic></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">TCAGGATTCACGAGTTCACG</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">AGCAAAGAACCCACTGTTGC</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">orange1.1g018434m</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><italic>GAD1</italic></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">glutamate decarboxylase</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">CACCAAAAAGAATGAGGAGACC</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">CCGTACTTGTGACCACTGACAT</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Liu <italic>et al</italic>.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="b31">31</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><italic>GAD2</italic></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">ACCGCAATGTGATGGAGAA</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">GAATTCATCGTGGCGTTTG</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><italic>PEPCK1</italic></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">GGCTACCGAGAATCCAAACA</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">GTGCTGGGTGTCGATCTCTT</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">orange1.1g005865m</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><italic>PEPCK2</italic></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">GGCTAGCGAAGATTCAAACG</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">GTCCCTTTAATGGGGGTGTT</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">orange1.1g006486m</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><italic>FBPase1</italic></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">TGGAAAGCTGAGGCTCTTGT</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">ACTTCCTCCTGGCTTCCAAT</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">orange1.1g015111m</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><italic>FBPase2</italic></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">TCCCATTTCTGATCAACTTTCC</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">GCTGAGGAGCAGGCTTTTTA</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">orange1.1g019437m</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Citrate transported-related</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><italic>CsCit1</italic></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">H<sup>+</sup>/citrate symporter</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">GTCTCCGTAACAGGCATTGG</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">ACCACTAAGGGAAGCGTTCA</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Shimada <italic>et al</italic>.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="b25">25</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><italic>CsPH8</italic></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">p-type proton pump</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">CCGTGAAGGAATTGATTTGG</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">CCATGACAATGGATTCCACA</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Shi <italic>et al</italic>.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="b23">23</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><italic>VHA-af</italic></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">VHA assembly factor</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">CAGTGCTACTGAACCCTTCTCCTC</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">ATGCTCTGAATGCTAAATACCCAA</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">orange1.1g028366m</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><italic>VHA-A</italic></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">V-type ATPase A subunit</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">GATGCCCTTTTCCCTTCAGT</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">TTTCATTTCCTCGCTCCCCA</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Ciclev10030969m</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><italic>VHA-B</italic></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">V-type ATPase B subunit</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">TCAATGTCCTTCCGTCCCTA</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">TTCTTCTCCGACCACAGCCT</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">orange1.1g011329m</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><italic>VHA-C</italic></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">V-type ATPase C subunit</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">AAACATTCATTTGACACTCCTCTT</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">AACTACTCTCTATGCCTGATACCC</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Ciclev10015638m</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><italic>VHA-D</italic></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">V-type ATPase D subunit</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">ATTCTTCCTTTGCCCTGATTG</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">TTTCACATAAGCAGCACGACA</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Ciclev10009240m</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><italic>VHA-E1</italic></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">V-type ATPase E subunit</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">CCGTACCGTCTGTCTTTCCTT</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">ACATCAGCGTCGTTCATTTTC</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">orange1.1g027450m</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><italic>VHA-E2</italic></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">AAGAGTGCTGATTCTCACGAACC</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">CGAGCAAGAAGGTTCGTGAG</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Cs6g10330.1</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><italic>VHA-F1</italic></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">V-type ATPase F subunit</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">ATGGCTGGCAGAGCTCAAAT</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">CATCTTCAATTGCTTTCACCGTAG</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Ciclev10002833m</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><italic>VHA-F2</italic></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">GCTTGCTGGAGTTGGGAATG</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">GCAGGGATCGGCTTGTTATG</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Ciclev10022651m</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><italic>VHA-G</italic></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">V-type ATPase G subunit</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">GACTGAGGCAAGCCAAAGAAGA</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">AGCCCCAGCATTAAGATGATGA</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Cs6g11650.2</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><italic>VHA-H1</italic></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">V-type ATPase H subunit</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">CTGTCGCTTGCTTTGATTTGTC</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">AACCTCGGTATTCTCATGGTTC</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">orange1.1g034108m</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><italic>VHA-H2</italic></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">CAGTGGAGTACTTGGCAACTA</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">TCCTTCAAACCTTCTTCCAGTTG</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Cs7g14520.1</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><italic>VHA-a1</italic></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">V-type ATPase a subunit</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">TGGTAAGAAGAGAGAAGGCTGTAT</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">CTTGCGAGTTGCTATCAAATGT</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">orange1.1g003454m</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><italic>VHA-a2</italic></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">AAAAGTGTCTTGTGGGTGAGGG</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">GCGAAAATAGGTAGGCGGAG</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Cs8g08330.1</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><italic>VHA-c1</italic></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">V-type ATPase c subunit</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">CGCCCTTGTCTTCTCCTGTAT</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">GACTTGGCCTTGGGGTTAATC</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Cs8g07570.1</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><italic>VHA-c2</italic></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">TAACGCACAGCAGCCTAAGTTG</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">GATGAGAGGATGATTCCCACGA</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">orange1.1g031149m</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><italic>VHA-c3</italic></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">GTATGGGACGGCGAAGAGTG</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">CAAGCGAGACCCGAAGACAA</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Cs1g25080.1</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><italic>VHA-c4</italic></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">GTACCGGAATTAACCCTAAGGC</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">CCAGCGGAGAGACCAGCAAG</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Ciclev10002781m</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><italic>VHA-c”</italic></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">V-type ATPase c” subunit</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">TCACCATATACCTTCTCCGCC</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">ATAATTGCAACAATGACCCCA</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Cs4g20460.1</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><italic>VHA-d</italic></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">V-type ATPase d subunit</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">CTTGGAGGCGATCGTGAGG</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">TACGACGATCATCTCGGGTG</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">orange1.1g018709m</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><italic>VHA-e</italic></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">V-type ATPase e subunit</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">ATGGGGTTTTTGGTGACA</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">TCACTCCTCTTCACTCAG</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Ciclev10010112m</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><italic>VHP1</italic></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">V-type Ppase</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">CGAGCAGCAACAGCGACAAGA</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">CCACAGACCCCAGGAAAACGA</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Ciclev10024946m</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><italic>VHP2</italic></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">TGAGCCACAGAATCAGAGAGAGAA</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">GCACCAACAATCAAACCAATAAAC</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Ciclev10007524m</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><italic>VHP3</italic></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">CCCTGCACATACAACACAG</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">TGCTGACTCCTTTCCTTGCT</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">orange1.1g040141m</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><italic>VHP4</italic></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">GTTGTGTCTTGGGGTGGTCTTT</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">GCCTTCAGCTCCATCTCGTATT</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">orange1.1g003697m</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">Actin</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"><italic>Actin</italic></td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50"> </td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">CCGACCGTATGAGCAAGGAAA</td><td align="left" valign="top" charoff="50">TTCCTGTGGACAATGGATGGA</td><td align="center" valign="top" charoff="50">Liu <italic>et al</italic>.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="b1">1</xref></td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap></floats-group></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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